Broiler Chicken Feed Research Articles

Comparative Effect of Feeding Maiwa and Pearl Millet as Dietary Energy Source for Broiler Chicken

This study compared the effects of feeding broiler chickens, maiwa and pearl millet as dietary energy sources. The effectiveness, performance, and carcass features of broiler chickens given varying amounts of maiwa and pearl millet as dietary energy sources were evaluated in a feeding trial/experiment. The experiment used 200 day-old broiler chickens. The experiment was divided into two phases: starter and finisher. Five experimental meals containing 20 and 23% crude proteins were created for each phase. For T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, five experimental diets were developed with different inclusion levels of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% respectively. In a randomized completely block design (RCBD), each treatment was duplicated four times, with ten birds each replication. Feed and water were provided ad libitum from 2nd to the 9th week of age. The result of the experiment on percentage composition of the experimental diets indicated that crude protein and metabolizable energy are within the range adequate for raising broiler chickens. The daily feed intake values (53.80-57.05g; 120.30-124.35g; 82.79-85.35g) and the daily weight gain values (29.95-33.82g; 41.77-44.66g; 34.22-35.88g) obtained from the performance of broiler chickens revealed non-significant differences among the treatments in the three (3) phases. The dietary treatments had no effect on the carcass and visceral organ parameters of broiler chickens, with the exception of caecal weight and small intestine length, which differed significantly (P≤0.01), with values ranging from 0.41%-0.72% and 160.85-191.33cm, respectively. Thus, the study comes to the conclusion that broiler chickens can safely be fed maiwa and pearl millet along with other items as nutritional energy sources.

Using an enzyme preparation and vitamin C to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens

Purpose: to study the effect of vitamin C and MEK Feedbest®VGPro when introduced into the compound feed of broiler chickens with excessive background of heavy metals on the indices of meat productivity, food and biological value, ecological safety of their meat.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were meat chickens of the ROSS-508 cross. At the age of one day, 4 groups of 100 birds each were formed from them in accordance with the principle of analog groups. In the composition of the used recipes of complete compound feed in all three age periods of growing, the main grain and protein ingredients were represented by locally produced feed: corn, wheat, peas and rapeseed meal. Growing of experimental broilers for meat was completed at the age of 42 days and their control slaughter was carried out, for which 5 birds were selected from each group. The concentration of salts of heavy metals was determined in the samples of feed and meat of the experimental birds.Results. The experiment substantiated the feasibility of combined introduction of MEC Feedbest®VGPro at a rate of 100 g/t of feed and vitamin C at a rate of 500 g/t of feed into diets with excessive content of heavy metal salts. Compared to the control analogues, broilers of the 3rd experimental group showed a reliable (p<0,05) decrease in fat by 0,26 % and a simultaneous increase in dry matter, protein and the value of the protein-quality indicator in the pectoral muscle samples. Combined additions of the tested preparations contributed to a decrease in the concentration of zinc by 63,17 % (p<0,05), cadmium by 61,11 % (p<0,05) and lead by 62,34 % (p<0,05) in poultry meat samples from the 3rd experimental group, compared to the control. Moreover, in the meat samples of broilers of the 3rd experimental group, the maximum permissible concentrations of none of these elements were exceeded.

Effect of antioxidant and adsorbent on the digestibility and digestibility of nutrients in broiler diets while reducing the risk of aflatoxicosis

Purpose: determination of the adsorbent toxin and antioxidant vitamin C on the digestibility and assimilation of nutrients in the composition of compound feed for broiler chickens with a tolerant level of aflatoxin B1.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were broiler chickens of the KOBB-500 cross. When setting up the experiment, the duration of 42 days, 4 groups of 100 heads each were formed from day-old chickens according to the principle of analog groups. The experimental birds were fed complete compound feeds (CF) based on corn, sorghum and fodder beans. The samples of compound feeds have a high chemical composition and the presence of mycotoxins. Upper limits of permissible concentrations (ULC) for aflatoxin B1 were established in all three types of feed grain. Therefore, they were mixed with safe mycotoxin additives using dispensers in the feed shop of the poultry enterprise. In this way, tolerable levels (no more than 0,25 mg/kg of feed) of the content of this mycotoxin in the composition of the PK fed to the experimental birds were achieved. Against the background of the conducted scientific and production experiment with the use of chromium oxide in the composition of compound feed (as an inert indicator) on chickens (aged 35-42 days) of comparable groups (5 heads from each group), we conducted an exchange (physiological) experiment. Based on the results of chemical analysis of the fed compound feed and excrements in the droppings of the experimental birds, the level of digestibility and assimilation of nutrients in the diet was calculated.Results. During the experiment, the leadership of the combined introduction of the adsorbent toxfin in the amount of 1500 g/t and ingredient C in the amount of 500 g/t of feed into complete feeds for broiler chickens with a tolerant level of aflatoxin B1 was established. As a result, compared to the birds of the control group, the chickens of the 3rd experimental group had significantly (р<0,05) higher coefficients of digestibility of dry matter by 3,66%, organic matter by 3,90 %, crude protein by 3,63 %, fiber by 3.06% and NFE by 3,19 %, respectively. In terms of the degree of nitrogen assimilation (60,45 %), the result (51.45 %) and phosphorus (49,67 %) from the generally accepted amount with feed, the best indicators were also obtained in broilers of the 3rd experimental group, which reliably (р<0,05) outperformed their control indicators for these indicators by 3,74 %, 2,91 % and 2,45 %, respectively.

Effect of coated calcium feeding on growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, blood biochemistry and tibial bone morphometry in commercial broiler chicken.

The bone abnormalities pose great concern in heavy, rapidly growing broilers, resulting in significant economic loss, and health issues in birds. To address these problems and prevent unnecessary mineral excretion into environment, it is crucial to optimise the inclusion level of dietary calcium in broiler's diet. The calcium utilisation by the bird is also affected by its source, particle size, bioavailability etc. Hence this study aimed to study the effect of partially replacing conventional dietary calcium source with coated calcium on growth performance, immune response, carcass traits, blood calcium and phosphorus, and mineral retention in broilers. About 416 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four treatments, each with eight replicates of 13 birds and fed with iso-calcium, isocaloric, and isonitrogenous diet for 42 days. The T0 (control) was a basal diet while the T1, T2, and T3, were treatment diets in which conventional calcium source (limestone) was partially replaced with coated calcium by 10, 20, and 30% respectively. The birds of T3 group showed higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain, better feed conversion ratio and higher carcass yields compared to T0, T1, and T2 diet fed birds. Further the treatment groups exhibited higher (P < 0.05) cell-mediated and humoral immune responses and immune organ weights compared to control. The tibial bone weight, length and average diameter was highest (P < 0.05) in T3. Moreover, the T3 diet fed group also showed higher (P < 0.05) calcium and phosphorus content in serum and bone and lowest content of these minerals in the excreta followed by T2, T1 and control. These findings suggest that a 30% conventional calcium source with coated calcium may be used as a high-grade mineral source for broiler chicken feed.

Coated oregano essential oil and cinnamaldehyde compounds supplementation improves growth performance, enhances immune responses, and inhibits cecal Escherichia coli proliferation of broilers.

Plant essential oils are unstable due to high volatility and easy oxidation, while microencapsulation provides a potentially effective strategy for increasing the stability of natural essential oils and preserving their function. This study examined the effects of feeding coated oregano essential oil and cinnamaldehyde (COEC) compounds on growth, immune organ development, intestinal morphology, mucosal immune function, and the cecal microbiota populations of broilers. Three hundred one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were organized into 5 groups: 1) negative control fed basal diet alone (NC), 2) positive control receiving basal diet plus 50mg/kg of chlortetracycline (CTC), 3) basal diet plus 150mg/kg COEC (COEC150), 4) plus 300mg/kg COEC (COEC300), and 5) plus 450mg/kg COEC (COEC450). The supplement trial was continued for 42 d. The results showed that CTC, COEC300, and COEC450 treatments decreased the feed conversion ratio of broilers both in the starter and whole experiment phases, increased the height of jejunal villi at 21 d and the number of goblet cells and IgA-producing cells at 21 or 42 d compared with NC group (P < 0.05). Members of the COEC300 treatment group had a higher thymus weight index and jejunum length index than birds of NC or CTC groups at 21 d (P < 0.05). CTC and all COEC treatments decreased malondialdehyde content in jejunal mucosa at 42 d (P < 0.05). The population of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the cecal digesta at 21 d was lower in the CTC, COEC300, and COEC450 treatment groups compared with the NC group (P < 0.05). In contrast to the CTC group, COEC supplementation dose-dependently accelerated body weight gain, improved jejunal morphology, decreased malondialdehyde content in jejunal mucosa, increased numbers of jejunal goblet cells and IgA-producing cells, and decreased the E. coli population in cecal digesta at 21 or 42 d (P < 0.05). Thus, we concluded that feeding broiler chickens with 300 or 450mg/kg in antibiotic-free diets can improve growth performance, enhance immune responses, and inhibit the proliferation of cecal pathogenic bacteria.

Meat productivity and meat quality of broiler chickens when input plant-based additive in compound feed

At present, the increase in poultry meat production is associated with the development of resource- saving technologies that ensure maximum productivity. However, the search for new methods to reduce the rearing period, increase live weight and reduce feed costs per 1 kg of gain continues. It should be noted that at the current stage of development, poultry farming has a high productivity potential, which is currently not fully utilized in some cases. The main reason is the inclusion of ingredients containing anti-nutritional substances in the compound feed. In compound feed for broiler chickens, the need to use biologically active additives has been proven. The inclusion of such additives in the composition of compound feed helps to increase the productive action, improve digestibility and effi ciency of using nutrients in diets. The purpose of the research was to study the meat productivity and meat quality of broiler chickens when input additive of plant-based additive in compound feed. On the base of research data, the eff ectiveness of including the plant-based feed additive Biostrong 510 in the compound feed for rearing of broiler chickens of the cross Cobb 500 in the amount of 0.010 %, 0.015 and 0.020 % of the compound feed weight was established. It made possible to increase the average daily live weight gain by 4.3–8.5 %, increase the gutted carcass weight by 4.3–4.6 %, reduce feed costs per 1 kg of broiler chicken gain by 0.07–0.13 kg, and increase the profi tability level by 0.78–1.44 abs.%. The safety of the tested additive was proven by a number of indicators. The obtained results of animal science, physiological and biochemical studies made it possible to identify the optimal dose of the plant feed additive Biostrong 510 for broiler chickens of the cross Cobb 500 in feeding technology 0.015 % of the mass of the compound feed.

Advanced chelate technology-based trace minerals reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in Eimeria-infected broilers by modulating NF-kB and Nrf2 pathways

This study investigated the effects of substituting inorganic trace minerals (ITM) with advanced chelate technology-based TM (ACTM) in broiler chicken feed on productive performance, metabolic profile, humoral immunity, antioxidant status, and modulation of NF-kB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in mixed Eimeria species exposure. The study involved 480 newly hatched male broiler chickens, which were divided into 5 treatment groups, each with 6 replicate cages and 16 chickens per replicate. The experimental treatments included an uninfected negative control group fed a basal diet with recommended inorganic TM levels (NC), an infected positive control group fed the same diet (PC), a PC group supplemented with salinomycin (SAL), and two PC groups in which the basal diet was replaced with 50% and 100% ACTM instead of inorganic TM (ACTM50 and ACTM100, respectively). All groups, except for the NC group, were orally challenged with mixed Eimeria species oocysts on day 14. According to the results, the PC group showed lower feed intake, breast yield, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration, lactobacillus spp. counts, and serum IgG levels, but higher jejunal TGF-β expression versus the NC group. The broilers in the NC, SAL, and ACTM100 groups showed higher body weight gain, carcass yield, and TGF-β expression, but lower serum alkaline phosphatase activity, ileal E. coli count, and jejunal expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, Nrf2, and SOD1 compared to the PC group, with the NC group having the highest body weight gain and lowest IL-1β and Nrf2 expression levels. Furthermore, the administration of ACTM100 treatment improved feed efficiency, increased serum iron, zinc, manganese, and copper levels, enhanced total antioxidant capacity and different antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced malondialdehyde concentration. In conclusion, complete replacement of ITM with ACTM effectively protects broilers from Eimeria infection, with similar positive effects to SAL treatment in terms of productive performance and anti-inflammatory responses and better antioxidant responses and mineral availability.

Copper nanoparticles effectively reduce Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler chicken diet and water

ABSTRACT The use of copper nanoparticles (CuNP) in the diet of broiler chickens has been studied as a potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. This study aimed to analyse the antimicrobial properties of CuNP in the feed and water of broiler chickens against Salmonella Enteritidis and to assess the intestinal integrity and toxicity of CuNP supplementation in their diet. The antimicrobial activity of CuNP against S. Enteritidis was tested in microplates to evaluate three water samples with different mineral compositions and in an in vitro digestibility model that simulated the three primary intestinal compartments of birds to assess feed samples. To evaluate in vivo intestinal integrity and toxicity, the birds were divided into four groups (30 birds per group): (1) basal diet (control); (2) basal diet + CuNP (100 ppm); (3) basal diet + enramycin (10 ppm); and (4) basal diet + CuNP (100 ppm) + enramycin (10 ppm). Intestinal samples were collected for histomorphometric evaluation and lactic acid bacteria count, while chest muscle and whole blood samples were collected to determine copper content. A significant reduction in the S. Enteritidis count was observed in both in vitro treatments (water and feed) with CuNP inclusion, compared to the control group. No significant differences in histomorphometric measurements, weight gain, or total lactic acid bacterial counts were found compared to those in the control. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of CuNP in reducing the occurrence of S. Enteritidis and their non-interference with the intestinal integrity of broiler chickens, highlighting the potential of CuNP as an alternative antimicrobial agent in the poultry production chain. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Supplementation with CuNP in feed and water reduced Salmonella Enteritidis count. Supplementation with CuNP did not affect intestinal integrity of broilers. CuNP did not affect weight gain or total lactic acid bacterial counts. The results demonstrate the potential of CuNP as alternative antimicrobials.

Fermented but Not Irradiated Cottonseed Meal Has the Potential to Partially Substitute Soybean Meal in Broiler Chickens.

This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of substituting soybean meal (SBM) with untreated cottonseed meal (CSM), fermented CSM (FCSM), or electron beam-irradiated CSM (ICSM) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activity, apparent ileal digestibility (AID), and excreta gas emission of broiler chickens. A total of 384 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four experimental diets, with eight replicates per diet and 12 birds per replicate, for six weeks. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on corn-SBM and three other diets in which 50% of the SBM (control) was substituted with CSM in its raw, irradiated, and fermented forms. The results showed that throughout the entire rearing period, feeding broiler chickens with ICSM significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and body weight (BW) compared to the CSM diet (p < 0.05). Replacing 50% of SBM with FCSM led to a significant improvement in BW, ADG, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the CSM and ICSM diets (p < 0.05). Interestingly, no significant differences in BW, ADG, or FCR were observed between birds fed FCSM and those on the control diet (p > 0.05). Birds fed FCSM diets exhibited the lowest pH value in the crop, ileum, and ceca. Substituting SBM with FCSM significantly reduced Escherichia coli and Clostridium spp. counts in the ceca, while enhancing the presence of Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05). The AID of protein and ether extract was higher in the FCSM group than in the CSM and ICSM groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CSM diet, ICSM feeding improved protein digestibility (p < 0.05). Broiler chickens on the FCSM diet exhibited higher intestinal amylase and protease activity than those on the other diets (p < 0.05). Furthermore, feeding diets containing FCSM significantly reduced ammonia emissions compared to the other diets (p < 0.05). Overall, our results indicated that microbial fermentation of CSM is a more effective approach than irradiation for enhancing the nutritional value of CSM. Therefore, FCSM is recommended as a viable alternative protein source that can safely replace up to 50% of SBM in broiler chicken diets, particularly during times of fluctuating SBM prices and availability issues.

Evidence of Human-designated Antiretroviral (ARV) Drug Residues in Broiler Chicken, Domestic Pigs, and Animal Feeds in Tanzania.

Recent reports have indicated the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs to boost animal production in neighboring Uganda, with further reports of use in several African countries. This cross-sectional study was conducted in nine districts in Tanzania, and involved screening for the presence of three first-line ARVs (lamivudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz) residues in the muscle and blood of domestic pigs and broiler chickens, and in sampled animal feed and water. Residues were determined using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method involved calibration of the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) and limit of detection (LOD). ARVs were detected and quantified using the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) system. 131 (66.8%) of the 196 samples of muscle, blood, and animal feed were found to contain lamivudine residues, with the highest concentration detected in domestic pig blood and muscle (7.58mg/kg) and the lowest concentration (0.01 mg/kg) in broiler chicken feed. There was a significant relationship between the presence of lamivudine by sample type and sample origin (p=0.000). Nevirapine and efavirenz drugs were not detected in any of the collected samples. No ARV residues were detected in water samples (n=37). This study confirms the use of ARVs in animal production in Tanzania as evidenced by the presence of residues in animal feeds. We found lamivudine residues in domestic pigs and broiler chickens at concentrations higher than those recently reported in other East African studies. Farmers living with HIV may be using ARVs from their prescribed medications, which may lead to poor adherence and the emergence of drug resistance. Besides direct human and animal health issues, these residues in animal feeds and animal excreta can lead to environmental contamination leading to several negative impacts. We recommend a total ban on human-designated ARVs in animal production and advocate for comprehensive studies and monitoring systems across African countries to reveal potential societal and other reasons for their use and provide comprehensive solutions using One Health approaches.

PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT OF BROILER CHICKENS FED PEARL MILLET BASED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SYNTHETIC METHIONINE

The rising costs and inconsistent availability of conventional feed ingredients like maize in broiler chicken production have necessitated the exploration of alternative grains, such as pearl millet, which, when supplemented with synthetic methionine, could potentially enhance both performance and economic returns. This study which was conducted for a period of eight weeks assessed the effectiveness and economic viability of feeding broiler chickens diets containing pearl millet supplemented with synthetic methionine. Three hundred broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary groups for both the starter and finisher phases, with each group containing sixty birds. The experiment followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications, each containing twenty birds. The diets for each group contained varying levels of DL methionine: 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5%, denoted as T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively. Although most performance metrics such as weight gain and feed intake did not exhibit significant differences among the groups, mortality rates showed a slight decrease with higher methionine inclusion. Economic analysis indicated that T1 had better Total Feed Cost (FC), and FC (₦/kg gain). The study concluded that pearl millet-based diets with synthetic methionine reduced mortality and proved cost-effective, offering a viable alternative for broiler chicken production.

Insoluble fibers in broiler chickens feeding

Insoluble fibers in broiler chickens feeding

Influence of phytobiotics dose on feed conversion in broiler chickens

The inclusion of Chaga decoction in the compound feed for broiler chickens in the amount of 20 mg, 40 and 60 mg/kg of live weight of the broilers during the entire period of its rearing had a different influence on the digestibility and use of nutrients in the diet. The results of the physiological experiment at the age of 3 weeks of broilers showed that a small dosage of the phytobiotic compared with the control group stimulated an increase in the digestibility of crude protein in the feed by 4.05 abs.%, crude fat by 1.92 abs.%, crude fiber by 1.21 abs.%. With the increase in the dosage of the phytobiotic in the broiler compound feed, the increase in the digestibility of crude fi ber by 2.01–2.12 abs.% was noted. Nitrogen digestibility in poultry with a low rate of Chaga decoction introduction exceeded the control group by 0.16 g, and other experimental groups by 0.13–0.14 g. As a result, the average daily nitrogen deposition in the body of broiler chickens in the group with a low rate of phytobiotic introduction was 2.53 g or 16.1 % higher than in broilers in the control group and 2.3–3.2 % higher than in other experimental groups. At the fi nal stage of broiler chicken rearing, the digestibility of crude protein in the diet of broiler chickens of the 1st experimental group with a low dosage of phytobiotic was higher than in the control group by 3.17 abs.%, crude fat by 4.15 abs.%, crude fi ber by 2.60 abs.%, and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 0.17 abs.%. In broilers of other experimental groups this diff erence was less expressed. A decrease in nitrogen losses with undigested substances in the droppings of broilers of the 1st experimental group increased its deposition by 5.7 %, in other experimental groups only by 0.9–2.1 %. Analysis of the dynamics of live weight of broiler chickens during the rearing period showed that the 1st experimental group with the low dosage of Chaga decoction in the diet increased the absolute gain in live weight in comparison with the control group by 5.0 %, with the 2nd experimental group by 3.4 % and with the 3rd experimental group by 1.4 %, and feed costs accordingly by groups decreased by 4.7 %, 3.2 and 1.5 %.

Эффективность использования новой кормовой добавки на основе органических кислот при выращивании цыплят-бройлеров

Purpose. Studying the effectiveness of using feed additive "Aciform" when included in the diet of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods. The objects of research were broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross and feed additive "Aciform". The experiment was carried out in the conditions of the farm of Krest'yanskiy Dvor LLC (Volgograd region). Three groups (two experimental and control) were formed, 140 animals each. The poultry in the control group received feed that did not contain the studied feed additive. Norm for adding additive was 1 kg per 1 ton of feed in the 1st experimental group and 2 kg per 1 ton of feed in the 2nd experimental group. The duration of feeding is from 14 days to 42 days of age. During the experiment, the safety of poultry, the percentage of mortality and pecking, as well as the dynamics of live weight gain and the occurrence of possible side effects when using the feed additive were monitored using standard scientific research methods (zootechnical, mathematical) and certified laboratory equipment. Results. The use of new feed additive "Aciform" in feeding broiler chickens from 14 to 42 days of age at an input rate of 1 and 2 kg per 1 ton of feed had a positive effect on the increase in live weight of chickens. The chickens of experimental groups (1 and 2) exceeded poultry of control group in terms of the average daily gain in live weight by 1.0 and 2.9% (P≤0.05) for the entire experimental period, in terms of absolute increase on the 42nd day of growing – by 1.0 and 2.1%. The incidence of pecking in poultry of experimental groups (1 and 2) was 2.9 and 1.8%, and in the control group – 2.1%. In the groups of broiler chickens that received the test additive as part of the diet (1st and 2nd experimental), there were fewer dead poultry by 2.9 and 3.4%, and the survival rate was higher by 2.9 and 3.8% than in control group. Conclusion. The inclusion of new feed additive "Aciform" in the diet of broiler chickens had a positive effect on the safety, growth rate and productive qualities of the poultry.

Эффективность применения новой кормовой добавки в рационах цыплят-бройлеров

Purpose. Study the effectiveness of using Lecitomix feed additive in feeding broiler chickens throughout the entire technological cycle of keeping. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on day-old broiler chickens of both sexes of Cobb-500 cross in the conditions of poultry farming in the Volgograd region. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. Experimental chickens in the amount of 387 heads were divided into 2 experimental and 1 control groups. In each of the experimental groups, Lecitomix feed additive was fed to the chickens as part of the feed mixture daily: 250 g (experimental group 1) and 500 g (experimental group 2) per 1 ton of feed. The poultry in the control group received feed that did not contain the studied feed additive. Weighing (10 animals from each experimental group) was carried out on the first day, on 21 and 42 days in order to assess the dynamics of broiler chickens live weight. Blood sampling was carried out on 42nd day of the experiment and its clinical and biochemical analysis was carried out to monitor physiological state of the experimental poultry. Generally accepted methods of zootechnical, morphological, biochemical, mathematical analysis and corresponding laboratory equipment, including URIT-3020 Vet Plus and URIT-800 Vet analyzers (China), were used in setting up the experiment and conducting scientific research. Results. Chickens of 1st and 2nd experimental groups exceeded poultry of control group for the entire experimental period in terms of average daily and absolute gains of live weight by 2.5 and 2.8%; amount of hemoglobin in the blood – by 4.0 (P≤0.05) and 4.4% (P≤0.05), erythrocytes – by 8.3 (P≤0.05) and 9.9% (P≤0.05); safety of poultry population – by 2.4 and 3.1%; digestibility of dry matter – by 1.7 and 2.9% (Р≤0.05), organic matter – by 3.1 (Р≤0.05) and 4.7% (Р≤0.001), crude protein – by 3.1 (Р≤0.001) and 5.0% (Р≤0.001), crude fat – by 2.6 (Р≤0.01) and 4,4% (Р≤0.001), crude fiber – by 12.0 (Р≤0.001) and 14.8% (Р≤0.001), nitrogen-free extractives – by 1.2 and 2.1%. Pecking incidents in experimental groups 1 and 2 of experimental broilers were lower than control chickens by 1.5 and 2.3%. Conclusion. The feasibility of using Lecitomix feed additive in industrial poultry farming to normalize metabolism, increase digestibility of diet nutrients, increase live weight and safety of broiler chickens has been confirmed.

Пути реализации генетического потенциала пород и кроссов птицы на основе использования новых видов кормовых средств

Purpose. Work out ways to realize the genetic potential of breeds and crosses of poultry of meat and egg directions of productivity based on the use of new types of feed products, taking into account the analysis of the dynamics of the microbiome at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms. Materials and Methods. Studies on the inclusion of prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" and mineral feed additive "Saponit" were conducted in the conditions of the SS "Svetly" of the CJSC "Agrofirma "Vostok" of the Volgograd Region on "Hysex Brown" cross laying hens. Scientific experiment on the effect of the additive "Quercetinolact" on the growth and development of meat chickens was conducted on broilers of "Ross-308" cross in the vivarium of VRIMMP. Zootechnical, clinical and biochemical research methods were used in the research work. Hematological studies were carried out in certified laboratory on automatic biochemical analyzers using an appropriate set of biochemical reagents. The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean (±SEM) and determining the reliability criterion of difference according to Student-Fisher. Results. Adding the prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" to the feed of laying hens in an amount of 0.5% in the diet structure contributed to an increase in the gross collection of eggs and the intensity of egg laying by 1.84 (85 eggs) and 1.74%, egg weight – by 1.17 g (1.86%; P≤0.001) due to an increase in the number of microorganisms by 22.9%. Among them, the number of bacteria of Actinobacteria, Lactobacillales and Ruminococcaceae groups increased by 9.0; 1.8 and 1.4 times compared to the control, respectively. Taking into account the data obtained, new feed additive “Quercetinolact” was tested in feeding broiler chickens of Ross-308 cross. Chickens that received Quercetinolact additive exceeded their counterparts in control group in live weight by 4.13 (P≤0.001); 5.19 (P≤0.001) and 5.48% (P≤0.001), which in absolute terms amounted to 108.1; 136.1 and 142.8 g. In terms of meat yield in live weight, the superiority amounted to 3.07; 3.65 and 3.82%, respectively, feed savings per 1 kg of gain 3.66; 6.10 and 6.71%. Mineral feed additive "Saponit" in feeding laying hens in the amount of 1 and 3 kg per ton of feed contributed to an increase in egg productivity by 1.58 and 2.37%, respectively, egg laying intensity – by 1.20 and 2.01%, and gross yield eggs – 90 (1.18%) and 150 pcs. (1.97%), egg weight – by 1.16 and 1.49%. Conclusion. The use of natural mineral complexes and prebiotic feed additives in the diets of chickens of egg and meat breeds and crosses in order to realize the genetic potential and taking into account the analysis of microbiome dynamics at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms is advisable.

Comparative effects of dietary zinc nanoparticle and conventional zinc supplementation on broiler chickens: A meta-analysis.

Zinc (Zn) is important for various physiological processes in broiler chickens, including protein and carbohydrate metabolism, growth, and reproduction. The gastrointestinal absorption of Zn in broiler chickens was notably low. One approach that has been explored for enhancing the bioavailability of Zn is the development of Zn nanoparticles (NPs). Zn is required for various physiological processes in broiler chickens, including protein and carbohydrate metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of conventional Zn and Zn NPs on broiler chickens using a meta-analysis methodology. A database was built from published literature to evaluate the effects of the addition of Zn NPs and conventional Zn on broiler chicken responses, including the following parameters: production performance; carcass cuts; visceral organ weight; lymphoid organ weight; nutrient digestibility; intestinal villi; mineral Zn, calcium, and phosphorus concentrations; hematology; blood parameters; immunoglobulin; and intestinal bacterial population. Various scientific platforms, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar, were used to search for peer-reviewed articles. A database was created from 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The data were then processed for a meta-analysis using a mixed-model methodology. Different types of Zn (NPs versus conventional) were considered fixed effects, different studies were treated as random effects, and p-values were used as model statistics. Across the parameters observed in this study, the use of Zn NPs was more efficient in Zn utilization than conventional Zn, as evidenced by the average dose of Zn NPs being much lower than that of conventional Zn (79.44 vs. 242.76 mg/kg) yet providing similar (p > 0.05) or even significantly better effects (p < 0.05) compared to conventional Zn usage. This investigation revealed the beneficial influence of Zn NPs in broiler chickens compared to the conventional utilization of Zn through an all-encompassing meta-analysis. Moreover, Zn NPs have proven to be more effective in Zn utilization when juxtaposed with conventional Zn, as demonstrated by the significantly lower quantity of Zn NPs administered compared to conventional Zn, while yielding comparable or even superior outcomes compared to the traditional utilization of Zn. A limitation of this study is that the Zn NPs used were sourced from inorganic Zn NPs. Therefore, future research should focus on evaluating the efficiency of organic Zn NPs in broiler chicken feed.

Enhancing broiler chicken health and performance: the impact of phytobiotics on growth, gut microbiota, antioxidants, and immunity

AbstractThe total ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in livestock nutrition, introduced in EU (European Union) countries on 1 January 2006, presented animal nutritionists with a considerable challenge in finding alternatives. First, the additives had to protect animals’ digestive tracts from pathogenic bacteria, and second, they should be inert in relation to the animals’ bodies. After many experiments, phytobiotics seem like they may be an effective alternative. This article aims to review key scientific articles relating to the use of phytobiotics of various origins in the feeding of chickens for fattening. The review of the available literature brings together the most important research findings on the effects of phytobiotic supplementation on growth performance, gut microbiota, antioxidant status and immune system of broiler chickens. Phytobiotics are natural plant substances produced to protect plants against pathogenic microorganisms. Phytobiotics are classified as a group of biologically active compounds with a broad chemical diversity and may include terpenes, triterpenes and flavonoids. Based on the collected information, it can be concluded that the use of phytobiotics in appropriate quantities and proportions in feed for broiler chickens influences the proper functioning of the digestive tract by, among other things, stimulating beneficial microbiota and secretion of digestive enzymes. In addition, the introduction of such feed additives has an impact on the alleviation of inflammation, supports the functioning of the immune system and has a positive influence on production results.

Evaluasi Akurasi Moving Average dan Single Exponential Smoothing dalam Meramalkan Harga Jual Karkas Ayam Broiler dan Pakan Ayam Broiler (Studi Kasus: Jawa Timur)

This study will use two forecasting methods: moving average and single exponential smoothing. Both use data from the past to predict what will happen in the future, therefore both techniques are referred to as time series methods. This method comparison was chosen to determine which method is most appropriate for predicting sales. This choice is based on the smallest error resulting from both methods which is known through the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) calculation. Forecasting broiler chicken feed and carcasses can help farmers improve carcass quality, increase feed use, and increase profits. Forecasting can also make and find out whether there is a link between the price of broiler chickens and the price of broiler chicken feed.

Evaluation of Curcuma and Black Garlic Flour on Small Intestine Morphometrics, Carcass Weight, and Abdominal Fat of Broiler Chickens

Curcuma flour and black garlic have potential benefits for chicken digestive health. A healthy digestive tract will help the process of absorbing feed more optimally. This research aimed to evaluate the potential of curcuma flour and black garlic in feed on small intestine morphometrics, carcass weight, and abdominal fat in broiler chickens. The study used 200 broiler chicken day-old chicks (DOC) randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 4 replications, including P0 = 100% commercial ratio (control), P1 = P0 + 2% black garlic, P2 = P1 plus 0.25% curcuma flour, P3 = P1 + 0.50% curcuma flour, and P4 = P1 + 0.75% curcuma flour. The study employed a completely randomized design (CRD), and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between treatments were further tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that supplementation with Curcuma flour and black garlic in feed did not have a significant effect (P&gt;0.05) on feed consumption, slaughter weight, small intestine morphometrics, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage. The results of this study indicate that the evaluation of Curcuma flour up to 0.75% and black garlic 2% in broiler chicken feed does not affect the activity of the small intestine, broiler carcass, and abdominal fat, as reflected in normal organ weights.