Fluminense Federal University Research Articles

Dimensions of nursing Care from the perspective of the elderly in the pre-operatory situation: the Collective Subject discourse -Forward Note

The complexity of a cardiac surgery and the advancement of the technology involved, can hamper the nurse´s awareness, in the pre-operatory stage, of the different needs of the patient who will undergo this procedure. Thus, this study is an Academic Master´s dissertation project in the Science of Health Care from the Fluminense Federal University. It aims at discussing the dimensions of the care provided to the elderly in the pre-operatory stages of cardiac surgery, starting from the needs reported by the elderly. It will be held at the National Institute of Cardiology, RJ. The patients will be the elderly of both sexes respectively, admitted to the Institute for cardiac surgery. A discourse analysis of the collective subject , according to Lefèvre, will be held. The project is intended to bring contributions to the geronto- geriatric nursing through the awareness of the nursing professionals regarding the specificity of the pre-operatory measures regarding the cardiac surgery in the elderly.

Phenomenological reflections on the experience of training and clinical supervision in an applied psychology service within an university

This work proposes a reflection on the specific difficulties of clinical training for the existential-phenomenological perspective. We observed that in the training curriculum in clinical psychology in existential-phenomenological perspective, some difficulties arise due to the inadequacy of the theoretical baggage of newly acquired representations in the course and the kind of comprehensive approach that we are asked to exercise. It is as if the natural attitude of everyday objectifies and crystallizes the meaning of existence and experience of suffering, gaining a reinforcement with the theoretical representations, further blurring the phenomenological attitude of suspension. There is the assumption that the place of psychotherapyst can only be legitimized from a positive knowledge about mental life and, consequently, the attainment of effective techniques for intervention. The experience as students and supervisor training in clinical psychology in addressing the existential-phenomenological psychology course of Fluminense Federal University, shows that these moments of impasse, which installs a “crisis” of theoretical paradigms and professional identities are essential for a redefinition of the role of psychological theories and techniques in the practices of clinical care in the light of a proper understanding of the phenomenological existence.

The communication as base of interpersonal relationship nurse-patient in the care in unit of ready attendance- preview note

One is about a dissertacao project of the Academic Master in Sciences of the Health in Care of the Fluminense Federal University, whose objective is to analyze the interpersonal relationship established between nurse and patient in the care of nursing. It is a study of descriptive character with qualitative boarding to be carried through in the Unit of Ready Attendance 24h, pertaining to the Secretarial of Health and Civil Defense of the State of Rio de Janeiro, located in the city Belford Roxo. The subject will be the military nurses who work in this unit. It is intended to bring contributions for the assistance of nursing by means of the sensitization of the professionals on the importance of the interpersonal relations as base for the care in nursing.

43 COSTS RELATED TO ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION AND AI PROTOCOLS IN CROSSBRED HOLSTEIN-ZEBU DAIRY COWS

The objective of this paper was to compare 3 bovine AI protocols, evaluating the cost of each treatment and the pregnancy rates obtained, to demonstrate the importance of routine utilization of estrus synchronization techniques. The experiment was conducted in the Farm School of Cachoeiras de Macacu of the Federal Fluminense University, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, during the period from 2006 to 2007 (August to June). One hundred sixteen crossbred female Holstein-Zebu dairy cows in cycle, with body condition between 2.5 to 4 (on a scale from 1 to 5), were selected and divided randomly in 3 groups (G). Animals in G1 [n = 60; 21 heifers (H), 13 primiparous (P), and 26 multiparous (M)], with palpable corpus luteum, received 25 mg of prostaglandin F2 intravulvar, and AI was done 12 h after estrus detection. For animals in G2 (n = 30; 11 H, 6 P, and 13 M) an intravaginal progesterone device (CIDR®, Pfizer Animal Health, New York, NY, USA) was inserted and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) was administered i.m. on Day 0. On Day 8 the device was removed and 25 mg of prostaglandin was administered i.m. on Day 9, 2 mg of EB was administered, and 30 h later, timed AI of all animals was performed. For G3 (n = 26; 9 H, 5 P, and 12 M), the protocol used was similar to that for G2, except that on Day 8 400 IU of eCG was administered (in addition to the removal of the device) and on Day 9 the dose of EB was reduced to 1 mg and timed AI was done 27 h later. AI was done with semen from 2 sires with proven fertility, by the same technician. The pregnancy diagnoses were done on Day 45 by palpation per rectum and transrectal ultrasonography. The cost-benefit relation was calculated according to the cost of pharmaceuticals multiplied by the number of animals in each experimental group divided by the number of pregnancies obtained in each one, without considering the manual labor costs in all the groups and considering 3 uses of the CIDR. The statistical analyses were done using chi-square test. The pregnancy rate obtained in G2 (60%, 18/30) was superior to that in G1 (30%, 18/60) (P < 0.05), demonstrating the efficiency of the treatment that utilized progesterone. G3 (53.85%, 14/26) was similar (P > 0.05) to G2, despite the fact that the eCG was added in this group. In reference to cost-benefit, considering only the pharmaceuticals costs and the value for pregnancy obtained in each group, the costs found, respectively, were G1 U$7.02 and U$23.66; G2 U$28.57 and U$47.59; and G3 U$47.96 and U$89.05. The lowest cost in the estrus synchronization was based on the use of prostaglandins alone; the use of progesterone increased the synchronization cost, but also increased the pregnancy rate and eliminated the need for estrus observation. The addition of eCG in cows that are cycling does not necessarily demand a increase in pregnancy rate. Failure in estrus detection, using prostaglandin alone, increased the interval from calving, causing a daily loss in milk production, which justified the investment in protocols of estrus and ovulation synchronization, contributing to increase the reproductive efficiency of a dairy cow herd.

Casos de intoxicações exógenas em cães e gatos atendidos na Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense durante o período de 2002 a 2008

Nos últimos anos, casos de intoxicação exógena de animais domésticos foram atendidos na Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Sejam acidentais ou intencionais, esses casos ocorrem principalmente no ambiente doméstico e envolvem diferentes agentes tóxicos, tais como agrotóxicos, raticidas anticoagulantes, medicamentos, dentre outros. O presente trabalho objetivou realizar um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de intoxicação em cães e gatos atendidos na Faculdade de Veterinária da UFF, durante o período de março de 2002 a março de 2008. Os casos foram classificados por substância ou agente tóxico, espécie, sexo, raça, idade e ano de ocorrência. No total, foram registrados 101 casos, sendo 30 em 2002, 10 em 2003, 12 em 2004, três em 2005, nove em 2006 e nove casos em 2007. A maioria dos casos ocorreu no ano de 2002, tendo como principal causa a intoxicação medicamentosa, seguida da intoxicação por agrotóxicos comercializados ilegalmente como raticidas, principalmente carbamato, sendo também observado um grande número de casos em que não foi identificada a substância envolvida.

Journalism, the public and its social function contemporary perspectives

Professor silvio Waisbord, a sPecial guest at the sbPJor encounter which took place in Sao Bernardo at the close of 2008, emphasizes that for the press to really function as a platform for the expression of the citizens interests, it is necessary to maintain strong ties to civic society. In the author s opinion, in the Latin American democracies these ties are compromised, since the States and the markets have a much stronger influence on the press. In the dossier of this edition, Waisbord develops his idea regarding this topic and other Brazilian authors debate some aspects of the relationship between the citizen and the media. Carlos d Andrea, for example, discusses the possibilities and the challenges of the citizen s collaborative participation and the role of the professionals in the production processes of a journalistic organization. Emerson Cervi, a journalist and professor at the Federal University of Parana and at the State University of Ponta Grossa, observes how newspapers consider the social context to explain journalistic production. If the media should promote the debate in the public sphere, the author s case studies point out that the political theme and mediatic democracy based on the discussion of themes of interest to the public are prejudiced. Fernando Resende, a professor at the Fluminense Federal University, discusses journalistic production of discourses from an epistemological perspective. For the author, the media field constituted by the triad discourse/narrative/machines has already proved to be incomplete. Based on two journalistic documentaries, he studies the differences in representation of the Brazilian journalistic discourse. Among the articles in this edition, we would like to point out that the discussion regarding the role of the press in contemporary society has concerned many researchers. Professors Braulio Neves from Unicamp JOURNALISM, THE PUBLIC AND ITS SOCIAL FUNCTION CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES

L’équipement de l’organisation industrielle – les ERP à l’usage

The book is made up of various descriptive and critical studies about the implementation and operationalization of ERP (enterprise resource planning) or IMP (integrated management programs) in an industrial situation. ERP is information treatment technology that aims to integrate information systems into a single database for the set of industrial functions. The book’s central discussion is concerned with whether ERP can or cannot form an organizational equipment, in the sense of changing the organization itself and its way of working and planning. Put together by Dominique Vinck and Bernard Penz, the book presents the results of the research program “Information society” from the National Scientific Research Center (CNRS) coordinated by the Department of Information and Communication Sciences and Technologies (STIC) and the Department of Human and Social Sciences (SHS). The work counts with the collaboration of researchers and professors from five French institutions, one Irish institution, one Mexican institution and an industrial engineer, dedicated to the management of companies, business and information systems. Vinck is a sociology professor at Pierre Mendes-France University (UPMF) and at the National Polytechnic Institute at the Grenoble Industrial Enginnering School and a member of the PACTE laboratory (CNRS/Grenoble University), where he co-directs the transversal device “Sciencesociety”. In a way, the book gives continuity to his previous productions: Ingenieurs au quotidien. Ethnographie de l’activite de conception et d’innovation (PUG, Grenoble, 1999, with an American edition by MIT Press, 2003), Pratiques de l’interdisciplinarite (PUG, Grenoble, 2000) e Denise Alvarez Postgraduate Program in Industrial Engineering, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil denisealvarez@neict.uff.br

A relação estilo de vida e tabagismo entre acadêmicos de enfermagem

O artigo aborda a relação estilo de vida e o consumo de tabaco entre universitários de Enfermagem identificando as causas e a existência de algum tipo de influência do tabaco no futuro desses universitários. Estudo qualitativo descritivo realizado em 2007 tendo como sujeitos treze acadêmicos voluntários fumantes entre vinte e trinta e seis anos dos Cursos de Graduação da Universidade Estácio de Sá e Universidade Federal Fluminense. Para tanto foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas abertas. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo da qual se originaram três categorias: A negação do termo ‘vício’; O cigarro como redutor de stress e O futuro do tabagista profissional de saúde. Todos os univerhsitários pesquisados negam que sejam dependentes do tabaco, não permitindo que as idéias de abandono e síndrome de abstinência estejam relacionadas ao hábito de fumar. Um grupo de estudantes não atribuiu ao cigarro qualquer influência em seu futuro, em contrapartida, outro grupo acredita que um profissional de saúde deve se preocupar com as conseqüências posteriores do cigarro. Conclui-se que o tabaco atua como forte redutor do stress gerado pelas atividades e pelo estilo de vida dos acadêmicos assumindo importância na inserção destes em seu grupo social.

A implantação da consulta de enfermagem ao paciente com insuficiência cardíaca

Trata-se de relato de experiência do Projeto de Extensão “Consulta de Enfermagem ao Paciente com Insuficiência Cardíaca” (IC), desenvolvido com o apoio do Curso de Mestrado em Ciências Cardiovasculares e do Núcleo de Fundamentos de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal Fluminense(RJ). Tem como objetivo descrever sua implementação enquanto modalidade adequada e eficaz, para proporcionar ensino, pesquisa e assistência. O projeto é constituído das seguintes atividades: consulta de enfermagem baseada em NANDA-NIC-NOC(NNN); triagem, educação em saúde na sala de espera, desenvolvidas por docentes, enfermeiros e acadêmicos de enfermagem. O processo de cuidar permeia a identificação e compreensão das respostas dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca aos problemas de saúde reais e potenciais facilitando a escolha de intervenções de enfermagem. Assim, estimula medidas farmacológicas e não-farmacológicas que se propõem a melhorar a qualidade de vida e aderência ao tratamento através de educação em saúde.

Reflexões sobre a municipalização da segurança a partir do diagnóstico de segurança pública do município de São Gonçalo (RJ)

This paper sought to present some reflections on the research developed by Nufep (Fluminense Center for Studies and Research) of the Federal Fluminense University (UFF) which resulted in the diagnosis of public security and the guidelines of the local plan of public security of Sao Goncalo. It is our interest to discuss the issue from four specific approaches: the federal government’s leading shares; the institutional processes for managing conflicts; the importance of personal relationships in municipal politic; and the representations on the local belonging and their significance for the development of public policies. Key words: Municipal security; Public policy; Institutional conflict administration; Conflicts of gender; Domestic violence

Protocol for nursing in the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia: comparison of effects - preview note

Experimental study of quantitative approach. This is a research project of Professional Master in Nursing Program, School of Nursing, Federal Fluminense University; aims to carry out the assessment of a care protocol for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and gradation of risk for clients ventilated. The scenario of the research will be a large hospital, the private network in Niteroi County, RJ - Brazil, includes the use of the use of study in the experimental group and a control group (which will be assessed retrospectively through analysis of medical records). The actors will be the study of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the scenario, regardless of sex, age or risk group.

Managemental Competencies in the performance of nurses in Private Hospital: a study of multiple case

This is a research project of Professional Master in Nursing Program, School of Nursing, Federal Fluminense University. Qualitative research that uses as strategy multiple case study. Search to describe management responsibilities required by the hospital and search analyses on the relation between the responsibilities and the work developed by nurse management. The research scenario will be made by the private health system of Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil. The subjects will be the principals of hospitals /nursing homes and head nurses within their respective hospitals. For analyses will be used Alceste 4 software 4.9 version.

Guidelines for family caregivers of elderly dependent to at home care

The currently growth of Brazilian population has caused profound changes in social, political, economic, health system, and family relationships. The family is the focus of attention of the nurse education, representing a link between the elderly and the health service to take care in your home. The aim of this study is to identify which guidelines would be provided to elderly dependent-at-home's family caregivers; describe the daily care of the family home to the elderly. It will be expected to contribute to the systematization of guidelines for family caregivers of dependent-at-home elderly; promoting to client a better care and broadening nurses's scope of work for improvement in efficiency and quality of its services. This study is the project of professional master of nursing care of Federal Fluminense University of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Qualitative study with case management; For data collecting it was used techniques such as participant observation and semi structured interviews with elderly people participant in the program of home hospitalization at a general public hospital of Rio de Janeiro. The data information will be submitted to content analysis and further discussion in the light of authors who approach the subject.

Annual variation of total suspended particulate and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the tropical city of Niterói, RJ, Brazil

This paper reports the determination of twelve polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in total suspended particulate (TSP) collected in Niterói City, RJ, Brazil. Bimonthly 24 h TSP samples were collected between June/2005 and May/2006 in the Campus of Federal Fluminense University that is located in a mixed residential and commercial neighbourhood in Niterói City Center, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. A high volume sampler and glass fibber filters were used to TSP sampling. A mean TSP concentration of 87 µg m-3 was found. PAHs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection following ultrasonic extraction. Limits of detection and of quantification were sufficiently low to accomplish PAH determination in the observed concentration ranges. Good PAH recoveries were obtained by analysis of SRM 1649a (NIST, USA). Phenanthrene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[ghi]perylene were the predominating PAHs. Individual PAH concentrations varied between 0.001 (anthracene) and 0.357 (phenanthrene) ng m-3. Total PAH concentrations varied between 0.141 and 1.235 ng m-3. Individual and total PAH concentrations were not correlated with temperature, relative humidity or wind velocity. The ratios fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) and benzo[ghi]perylene/indene[1,2,3-cd]pyrene indicated the main source of PAHs in the studied area was vehicular emission.

Histopatologia de lesões tumoriformes presentes na cavidade nasal de eqüídeos do Brasil

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the microscopic aspects of tumor-like masses present in the nasal cavity of equids and also to emphasize the importance of histopathological examination for determining the diagnosis. Tissue sections of tumor-like masses from the nasal cavity of 11 equids were microscopically examined. These samples were sent to the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Veterinary Medicine College from the Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, from 2000 to 2004. Three cases of rhinosporidiosis, one of amyloidosis, six of nasal polyps and one of progressive ethmoid hematoma were diagnosed.

<i>In Vivo</i> Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Evaluated by Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Microscopy (ATR-FTIR)

The study aimed the evaluation of the effect of osseous repair in the synthetic hydroxyapatite cylinder (HA) implanted in rabbit’s tibia. Fifteen adult animals, weighing around 2.5 and 3.0 Kg, sourced by the Fluminense Federal University Animal Lab were anesthetized with spinal anesthesia, and two perforations were created in right tibia and filled with cylinders (2 x 6 mm) of HA. The animals were killed after 28 days for evaluating the HA cylinder through attenuated total reflection infrared microscopy (ATR-FTIR). The two fragments of tibia with the cylinder were collected and fixed in alcohol 70° prior to dehydration in successive alcohol solutions and then impregnated and embedded in methyl-methacrylate. Not stained neither pasted to lamina, sections of 200 µm thickness were analyzed in a Shimadzu IRPrestige-21 Automatic Infrared Microscope (AIM-8800) with ATR Objective Mirror (ATR-8800M). Prior to implantation, HA cylinder was characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Attenuated Total Reflection- Infra Red microscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). After the implantation, the spectrum of the ATR-FTIR at the interface to neoformed bone was acquired. The hydroxyapatite synthesized was crystalline and stoichiometric with Ca/P ratio of 1.66, becoming carbonated after 28 days of implantation. We conclude that attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) is a useful tool for biomaterial evaluation and able to detect the modification of the chemical HA cylinder pattern occurred probably by ions migration in the biological environment.

Algumas Considerações Sobre um Dispositivo de Assistência à Saúde

The present study portrays the construction and the path of development of a permanent health promotion device throughout the last 23 years, with the purpose of increasing the assistance resources, through the search of integrated actions, from a broad clinical perspective supported by Psychoanalysis. This achievement relies on a critical-reflexive posture, based on the fact that the mere application of the device created by Freud loses its consistency when applied in different contexts from the original one. Therefore, the Psychology Service of the Surgical Area (PSCA) of the University Hospital Antonio Pedro (UHAP) of the Federal Fluminense University (FFU) has developed integrated assistance to patients, family members and health team members aiming to help them cope with the critical circumstances that affect them, when their bodies, through the disease, make them realize the transitory character of life itself when they go through the critical experience of unbearable suffering. It is important to punctuate that the perspective of the developed study integrates in a singular manner assistance, teaching, and research, in association with The Fundamental Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis, and Psychosomatic Laboratory.

DEA advanced models for geometric evaluation of used lathes

This paper presents a preliminary study of the quality of lathes using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a multicriteria tool. Its purpose is to aggregate several measurements that show geometrical errors to obtain one single measurement that will be free of subjective opinions. Due to the small number of DMUs, additional techniques other than the DEA CCR model (super efficiency, cross-evaluation, inverted frontier and weights restrictions) are reviewed and used to differentiate between otherwise identical efficiency scores. The specificity of this problem required some changes in the above-mentioned methods. The models were applied to four lathes at the Fluminense Federal University Machine Shop.

Caracterização dos diagnósticos de enfermagem identificados em prontuários de idosos: um estudo retrospectivo

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo e retrospectivo com os objetivos de identificar, a partir dos dados contidos nos prontuários, diagnósticos de enfermagem; e caracterizar esses diagnósticos através de um mapeamento utilizando a Taxonomia II da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. A coleta de dados foi realizada em outubro e novembro de 2006, aplicando-se um roteiro, com oito perguntas fechadas, em todos os prontuários (196) existentes no Programa Interdisciplinar de Geriatria e Gerontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói - RJ. Os dados foram agrupados e organizados para tratamento estatístico descritivo simples. Obteve-se como principais diagnósticos de enfermagem: risco de integridade da pele, memória prejudicada e dentição prejudicada. Concluiu-se que o mapeamento realizado mostrou-se em concordância com a taxonomia diagnóstica, auxiliou na construção de um instrumento padrão e validou a necessidade do uso dessa tecnologia como um sistema padrão de linguagem.

LASIK-associated Dry Eye and Neurotrophic Epitheliopathy: Pathophysiology and Strategies for Prevention and Treatment

To review the pathophysiology of LASIK-associated dry eye conditions and provide insights into prophylaxis to decrease the incidence of dry eye after LASIK and to treat the condition when it occurs. A review of the literature was performed on LASIK-associated dry eye and the experience of the authors was summarized. LASIK has a neurotrophic effect on the cornea, along with other changes in corneal shape, that affect tear dynamics causing ocular surface desiccation. Dry eye is one of the most common complications of LASIK surgery. Symptoms of dryness may occur in more than 50% of patients, with other complications such as fluctuating vision, decreased best spectacle-corrected visiual acuity, and severe discomfort occurring in approximately 10% of patients. Preoperative dry eye condition is a major risk factor for more severe dry eye after surgery and should be identified prior to surgery. Optimization with artificial tears, nutrition supplementation, punctal occlusion, and topical cyclosporine A in patients with symptoms or signs of dry eye prior to LASIK decreases the incidence of more bothersome symptoms following surgery. Patients with LASIK-induced neurotrophic epitheliopathy often respond to topical cyclosporine A treatment, which treats the underlying inflammation and may benefit nerve regeneration. LASIK-induced dry eye and neurotrophic epitheliopathy are common complications of LASIK surgery. Optimization of the ocular surface prior to surgery decreases the incidence and severity of postoperative symptoms of the condition.