Features Of Transitional Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

Survey of Mast Cell Density in Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Background & Objective:Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the world's seventh most common tumor and forms more than 90% of urinary bladder tumors. Invasive tumors are associated with poor prognosis, even with surgical treatment and chemotherapy. Some studies have found that an increase in the number of mast cells in TCC is related to the tumor grade and its aggressiveness. This study investigated the relationship between mast cell density (MCD) and features of TCC (tumor stage, grade, prognosis, and recurrence). Methods:Fifty-one cases with TCC were selected, and MCD was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Giemsa staining. Mortality rate and tumor recurrence were recorded. Results:The MCD mean was higher in high-grade tumors than in low-grade tumors (in IHC method: 9.127 vs 5.296; in Giemsa method: 5.512 vs 2.608). Also, the MCD mean in dead patients was higher than in survived patients (in IHC method: 11.390 vs 6.211; in Giemsa method: 7.460 vs 3.35). Patients with tumor recurrence showed a higher MCD mean than those without recurrence (in IHC method: 9.395 vs 5.475; in Giemsa method: 5.715 vs 2.931). Conclusion:Using mast cell tryptase and Giemsa, MCD may be associated with a positive correlation with tumor grade in TCC. Correlations between MCD, recurrence, prognosis, and tumor stage are probably caused by the effect of tumor grade (all with P<0.05).

Assessment the Incidence of Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) of the Bladder Cancer

Background: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract and the third most common cause of death among people with genitourinary tumors, besides, tumors of the bladder are an important source of both morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The purpose of the study are 1. formulate an idea about the number of patients with bladder cancer (TCCs) in sample of Iraqi population. 2. Study the histopathological features of TCCs of bladder 3. Assessment the prevalence of (TCC) of bladder in both sex (male and female) with smoking as risk factor. Patients and Methods: A study was conducted at one institution were identified that teaching-hospital of Baghdad. All patients included in the present study diagnostic with TCC of bladder. The total of subjects participated in the study were 42 patients and 20 subjects as control through six months’ period from July 2014 to January 2015. Results: The mean of participates age was 655.7 years and the youngest was 21years and the oldest was 75 years. Out of 42 patients, the most common age group was 54-64years (52.38%) with Male to female ratio was 5.2:1.32 were male 32 and 10 were females. However, the prevalence bladder cancer (TCCs) was higher in male than in female, with more pronounced decreases in younger age (≤31year) 3(7.14), have been found. In addition, age specific rate was observed higher in the older age groups for most patients with cancer. The population attributable risk for ever smoking in our study was 33(78.57) out of 42 patients. Moreover, current study shows there was a correlation between grade and stage of bladder TCC, 24(57.14%) bladder TCCs that classified as grade I, while 2(4.76%) of bladder TCC were classified as grade II. Conversely, of the bladder TCC lesions (11.9%, 14.28%, 57.14 and 4.76) were stage (pTa-T1-T2-T3) respectively. Although this study showed 5(11.9) little-known stage and grade. The area of histopathological changes included were showed hyperplastic changes, involving the entire bladder lining, that ranged from flat hyperplasia to small areas of nodular and papillary hyperplasia. The smallest recognizable nodular and papillary lesions were associated with angiogenesis in the contiguous stroma. In addition, there were chromatin irregularities and nucleoli of variable numbers, shape and size. Nuclear chromatin irregularity and mitoses were easily identified, these cells continued to have the appearance of hyperplastic epithelium. The changes noted by generalized and orderly proliferative reaction and appeared reparative. Conclusions: Our study has revealed that the bladder TCC, where appeared the high prevalence and incidence rate of TCC of bladder in sample of Iraqi population were of concern, especially for older age groups.

Ultrasound and color doppler features of transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium with pathological correlation

Ultrasound and color doppler features of transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium with pathological correlation

Clinicopathologic features observation of ovarian transitional cell tumors

To assess clinical and pathological features of ovarian transitional cell tumors. Fourteen cases of ovarian transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) were selected and investigated for their clinical and pathological features. Their immunohistochemical profiles were compared with 12 cases of serous adenocarcinoma (SC) admixed with TCC and 4 cases of EC admixed with TCC 20 cases of pure high-grade serous adenocarcinoma (HG-SC), 15 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EC), 6 cases of Brenner tumor (BT, 2 cases of malignant BT and 4 cases of benign BT). The patients' age ranged from 36-63 years (mean, 56 years). All cases underwent surgery and postoperative chemotherapy with TP or CAP program. Clinical follow-up was available in 9 cases, of which 2 patients died. Histologically, all cases showed features of transitional cell carcinoma without BT component. Immunohistochemically, 13 of 14 TCCs were positive for WT-1 and all were positive for CK7, ER, PR and CA125, but negative for Uroplakin III and CK20.Similar immunohistochemical staining patterns were seen in SC admixed with TCC and pure HG-SC. Percentage of the 14 TCC cases were also diffusely positive for BRCA1. All SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs were diffusely or heterogeneously positive for WT-1, with a sharp contrast and mottled distribution pattern in the heterogeneous cases. All TCCs were diffusely and strongly positive for p53, while 16 of 20 cases of pure HG-SC were positive. The positive ratio of p53 in SCs admixed with TCC cases was 11/12.WT-1 expression in TCCs was significantly higher than BTs, ECs and ECs admixed with TCC (P < 0.01), while no obvious difference was seen when compared with SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs.SCs admixed with TCC, TCCs and EC were positive for BRCA1 except pure ECs and BTs. The positive rate of Ki-67 of BTs was low, while it was higher in TCCs, SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs. Only BTs expressed Uroplakin III. Ovarian TCC has characteristic morphological and immunohistochemical features, similar to SC but different from BT. Therefore, TCC should be considered as a morphological variant of HG-SC.

MR imaging features of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

MR imaging features of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Primary small cell carcinoma of the kidney

Primary small cell carcinomas of the kidney are rare, locally aggressive and fatal neoplasms. Approximately half of the reported cases show combined features of transitional cell carcinoma. We reported an unusual case of primary small cell carcinoma of the kidney and studied with light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

LACK OF EVIDENCE FOR A ROLE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUSES IN TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER

Purpose In view of the conflicting results reported in the literature, we assessed the involvement of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in the development of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Materials and Methods A total of 58 bladder papillomatous proliferations was histologically examined and analyzed for the presence of HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences by Southern blot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results Typical features of condyloma acuminatum were observed in the bladder specimen of a patient with urethral condylomatosis. Of the specimens 57 had histological features of transitional cell carcinoma but no known signs of HPV infection. HPV-6 DNA was detected in the condylomatous tumor. However, no HPV DNA was detected in the 57 bladder cancers by Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions These findings do not support an etiological role of HPV in the development of transitional cell bladder cancer.

The clinical and histological features of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder with microcysts: analysis of 12 cases.

To describe the clinical course and histological features of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder with microcysts. Among 940 patients with bladder TCC diagnosed at our institution during a 5 year period. 12 (1.2%; eight men and four women, mean age 71.1 years, range 52-85) were diagnosed histologically as having microcystic TCC. Sections of the tumours were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue and clinical data obtained from the patients' records. Of the 12 patients with bladder TCC with microcysts, three had tumours confined to the epithelium, six had tumour invasion of the lamina propria and three had muscle invasion. One patient had low-grade TCC and 11 had high-grade TCC; six patients had a second primary tumour; three had a colon carcinoma, one a villous adenoma of the caecum, one a locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate and the last a squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Microcystic TCC was associated with high-stage and high-grade bladder tumours and with other primary tumours, especially of the colon. Screening these patients for asymptomatic tumours of the colon is suggested.

Transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder that may be underdiagnosed. A report of four invasive cases exemplifying the homology between neoplastic and non-neoplastic transitional cell lesions.

Four unusual invasive transitional carcinomas of the urinary bladder arose in patients aged 70 to 85 years. One or more specimens from each case were misinterpreted as benign. The features that led to diagnostic confusion included nests and trabeculae composed of cells with relatively bland cytologic features and small tubules, medium-sized glands, or cysts that suggested nephrogenic adenoma, cystitis glandularis, or cystitis cystica. In three cases, elongated slit-like lumens or clefts that frequently branched were also present, and several tumors had nests with pointed projections from which neoplastic cells invaded into the adjacent stroma in an often inconspicuous manner. In addition to their unusual patterns and frequent deceptive cytologic features, the tumors were noteworthy because they often had cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. A variety of architectural features, specifically a disorderly distribution of the epithelial elements, their frequent packed arrangement, and their variation in size and shape, all spoke for a neoplastic interpretation in the current cases. Additionally, in most of these cases, small clusters of cells or individual cells of more conventional invasive carcinoma facilitated the interpretation. The results of the study of these four cases expand the spectrum of recently described peculiar features of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Several of the findings in these tumors exemplify the parallels that exist between nonneoplastic epithelial abnormalities and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the pelvicalices and ureter.

Transitional cell carcinoma accounts for about 90% of all cancers of the renal pelvis and more than 90% of all cancers of the ureter. Its clinical presentation is nonspecific. Radiology plays a critical role in detection, evaluation, and disease monitoring. We reviewed the pathologic and clinical features of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract, with attention to its radiology appearance, staging, and treatment.