Features Of Protein Metabolism Research Articles

Features of protein metabolism in the body of growing heifers in a natural-technogenic province

Purpose. The association of protein metabolism in the body of Holsteinized Black-and-White heifers with age and the amount of metals circulating in the blood was studied.Materials and methods. An experienced group of clinically healthy chicks (n = 20) with a golstinized black and qualifier breed (blood content 75%) is formed on the principle of close analogues [2]. The diet of animal feeding was regulated by VIZh, provided with feeds of its own production, of which the permissible level of nickel and copper was exceeded 1.30-1.50 times. Blood samples were received from the jugular vein using vacuum systems, in the morning before feeding. They were used to determine: 1) the amount of heavy metals using the atomic - aborbion spectrometer quantum -2a (Russia); 2) the concentration of protein amenders: total protein, albumin (ALB), urea, activity of Alat and Asat using ready-made sets of the Vector Best (Novosibirsk). The calculation method determines the content of globulins (GL), the protein coefficient (alb/GL, the concorine), the value of the coefficient of de Ritis (asat/alat, the concorine), the value of the total protein/urea (conc. ), Alb/urea (settlement unit) and GL/urea (settlement unit).Results. It was revealed that the age of 9 months is “critical”, since the level of nickel and lead intake into the animal organism reaches the lower limit of the regional reference interval, increasing the volume of catabolic reactions. Therefore, in the blood of heifers, compared with 3 months of age, the level of total protein, albumin, activity of AST and ALT decreases by 8.41; 21.71; 39.76 and 8.10 %, but the concentration of urea increases by 2.88 times due to the predominant breakdown of albumins (the Alb/Urea ratio decreases by 3.68 times). Starting from the age of 9 months, the volume of “catabolic processes” in the body of heifers decreases, which determines an increase in the blood concentration of total protein, albumin, globulins and ALT activity by 29.71; 69.65; 10.73 and 16.12% and a decrease in urea by 1.86 times. At the same time, the concentration of metals, especially nickel and lead, in the blood of heifers reaches the level at which they begin to significantly affect protein metabolism, as evidenced by correlations with the amount of albumin (r(Alb-Ni)=0.63-0.78; r(Alb-Pb)=0.58- 0.81), globulins (r(Gl-Ni)= 0.53-0.75; r(Gl-Pb)= -0.57--0, 85) and ALT activity (r(AlAT-Ni)=0.54-0.76; r(AlAT-Pb)=0.56- 0.66). According to the number of statistically significant or close correlations, metals are arranged in the following order: Ni > Pb > Cu > Cd, which reflects the level of their accumulation in the animal body and the impact on protein metabolism.

Molecular profile of oral fluid in new coronavirus infection.

Oral fluid is an alternative biological material that confirms correlations with blood parameters in various pathological conditions of the body. In order to find a non-invasive approach to stratification of patients with COVID-19 disease, molecular biomarkers of the oral fluid have been determined in patients with moderate coronavirus infection in comparison with clinically healthy individuals. It has been shown that proteomic, carbohydrate, macro- and microelement profiles of the oral fluid in coronavirus infection can be used for diagnostics. The features of protein metabolism were revealed: an increase in the content of total protein, urea; increased activity of enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase; changes in carbohydrate metabolism, which is expressed by an increase in glucose and lactate levels, an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity, sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, iron content.

Features of protein metabolism in the body of broiler chickens when using the feed additive Peak-Antistress in the diet

Scientific publications describe the positive effect of feed additives and pharmacological complexes on metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens, in particular, on the protein composition of the blood, meat productivity and protein accumulation in meat. The Peak-Antistress feed additive developed at the Department of Morphology, Physiology and Pharmacology of the South Ural State Agrarian University allows to reduce the technological load on the poultry body by stimulating the general metabolism and complex antioxidant action. Experiments on the use of the feed additive Peak-Antistress were carried out on broiler chickens of the final hybrid of the Arbor Acres cross in an industrial-type poultry farm with floor technology. The poultry was divided into three groups of 6,000 chickens each and kept in one workshop in separate sections. The control group received the main diet, the 1st experimental group received the main diet and feed additive at a dose of 1269 g / t of feed 5 days before slaughter, the 2nd experimental group received the main diet and feed additive at a dose of 1693 g / t of feed 5 days before slaughter. Slaughter of broiler chickens was carried out according to the technological instructions of the enterprise on the 38th day. Against the background of the use of the feed additive in the experimental groups of broiler chickens, stimulation of protein metabolism was observed, as evidenced by an increase in total protein in the blood by 7.9–20.1%, an increase in the level of protein in white meat by 0.1–0.3%, and a tendency to an increase in amino acids in white meat protein by 0.2–12.3%.

Features of protein metabolism in turkeys of different genotypes and age

The study describes the characteristics of protein metabolism in turkeys of different genotypes and age. It is established that poults during industrial cultivation were physiologically healthy, and the studied parameters fluctuated within normal limits. At the same time, the magnitude of the blood parameters depends on the age of the bird and the genotype determined by both the breed and crossing. The protein metabolism intensity determining the concentration of the total protein and its fractions in the blood of poultry, the activity of transamination enzymes (AlAT, AsAT) does not so much depend on age, but on the birds genotype. The highest level of protein parameters is found in the blood of heavy cross Hybrid Converter. At the same time, the rate of growth and development of their body is associated with the exchange of albumin and the ways of using free amino acids to cover its energy consumption. Therefore, turkey poults of this cross are superior to their analogues in terms of albumin (by 9.54%), activity of AsAT (by 1.61–6.93%) and AlAT (by 2.77–5.23%).

Особености белкового обмена в высокопродуктивных глубокостельных коров в разные года

Особености белкового обмена в высокопродуктивных глубокостельных коров в разные года

Ontogenetic features of protein metabolism in hens of eggs production direc-tion

We have studied the dynamics of growth and development of chicken egg production of line cross “Hayseks brown” from day age to the age of peak performance. During the experiment, the study of the intensity of metabolic processes in the body of 6, 35, 90, 120, and 150 day-olds, i.e., in critical periods when there is intense growth of feathers and juvenile molten (30–60 days), the beginning of the oviposition (120 days) and the beginning of an intensive oviposition (150 days). In these age periods, the level of soluble proteins, amine nitrogen, and the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were determined in liver tissues, cuticles of the muscular stomach, gastrointestinal mucosa, gastrointestinal mucosa, duodenum and pancreas. As a result of the research, it was found that the intensity of the growth of chickens is different from the recommendation for the “Hayseks Brown” cross. Only at the age of 119–126 days growing the body weight of the reared chickens coincides with the recommended technology for hens of the cross “Hayseks Brown”. The results of biochemical studies are related to changes in the physiological state and magnitude of gains. During the growth of repair young poultry, in the critical periods of growth and development, it is necessary to deliberately affect the processes of protein metabolism by enhancing the processes of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and biologically active substances of fodder and the sufficient introduction of free amino acids by the use of exogenous enzyme preparations.

Seasonal dynamics in capillary filtration of plasma proteins in eastern redfins of the genus Tribolodon (Cyprinidae)

A wide range of the osmotic gradient created by plasma and tissue fluid proteins in relation to the capillary wall in redfins of the genus Tribolodon during an annual cycle was revealed. The maximum gradient values are close to those in mammals. The plasma protein distribution between the intraand extravascular body fluids depends on the annual cycle period in the particular season (spawning and feeding completion) and the barrier properties of the capillary wall (peritoneum, brain, and white muscles). Among the osmotic reflection coefficient values characterizing the barrier properties of the capillary wall, those corresponding to its absolute impermeability were not found. This strategy can be explained by the fact that fish have to sustain the fluctuations in the intravascular fluid volume and its rapid recovery after hypovolemia, as well as by the features of protein metabolism in fish.