Features Of Economic Development Research Articles

De-industrialization and Industrialization in India during Colonial Period: An Appraisal of Theoretical Implications, Conventional Approaches and Alternative Perspective

This paper explores the context of different models of de-industrialization and industrialization, which connected to social structural change, by going through existing narratives, whether Marxist or functionalist, derived largely from the complex historical experiences of Western Europe, especially Britain, which is seated in our historical consciousness as a lens to examine various narratives of different geographical location in different set of time to set universal postulates. On closer examination of the Indian economy, this essay sets out shared assumptions, common to Marxism and functionalism with new recent research about the character of economic development as a social process, by unfurling the dynamism and complexities of socio-economic nature of the Indian economy, which offers some alternative perspective.

Использование системного анализа в изучении тенденций развития розничной торговли Свердловской области

The state of retail trade, including the current level and dynamics of prices, the structure and abundance of the assortment, the territorial proximity of retail outlets to customers and the quality of the products offered, determines the availability of consumer goods for the population, having a huge impact on the standard of living of citizens. The territorial security of the population with trade enterprises and the optimal ratio of the cost of goods to the level of income of buyers are one of the fundamental conditions for socio-political stability and sustainable economic development of any region. The article is devoted to the study of the retail trade features in the Sverdlovsk region and the identification of trends in its development in the context of import substitution and restructuring of logistics supply chains. The study substantiates the possibility of using system analysis in studying the development trends of the retail market in a particular region, which differs in features of economic development, geographical location, and volatile consumer behavior. The use of this method has made it possible to solve the tasks set (identifying the key components of the retail trade system; determining the regional retail trade factors and their significance; identifying the prospects for the development of the regional retail trade market) and presenting the retail trade of the Sverdlovsk region as a system of many structural elements, management levels, internal and external relationships. The article contains a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the parameters of the retail trade development in the Sverdlovsk region and the internal and external factors affecting it. The current development trends and directions of retail transformation, their impact on the market of the Sverdlovsk region are analyzed, taking into account regional specifics. The key problems of the retail trade development in the Sverdlovsk region are formulated and highlighted: territorial differentiation of retail chains, pressure from federal retail chains and a reduction in trade carried out by local small and medium-sized businesses, a shortage of personnel, poor quality of retail space, etc.

Prediction Method of Government Economic Situation based on Big Data Analysis

In order to improve the forecasting accuracy of economic situation, a government economic situation forecasting method based on big data analysis is proposed. According to the hardware structure of the system, STC12C5608AD is used as the data acquisition terminal chip to simplify the circuit. The proposed forecasting method can give real-time early warning to the government's economic situation. The software part screens the influencing factors of government economic development, constructs a government economic development index system, collects government economic index data, cleans, clusters, classifies, and standardizes the government economic index data, and extracts the preprocessed government economic index data from the preprocessed government economic index data through data mining. The economic development features are extracted and then input into the neural network. After training and learning, the predicted value of the economic situation is output, and the economic situation level is classified. The experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the error rate of economic situation forecast, shortens the forecast time, improves the forecast accuracy and efficiency, with the peak error ratio not exceeding 15%.

New Trends and Patterns in Green Competitiveness: A Bibliometric Analysis of Evolution

Global population growth, advancement of technological innovations, features of economic development, total digitization of production, and increase of consumption determine the necessity of forming companies' green competitive advantages. In order to create a terminological basis and research the main trends in the development of the concept of "green competitiveness of businesses" there was carried out a bibliometric analysis using the VOSViewer software 1.6.13 and Scopus Tools Analysis. A sample of 54,753 relevant scientific publications indexed by Scopus scientometric databases was generated for the period of 1991–2021. The results of the bibliometric analysis made it possible to determine the basic prerequisites and the main stages of forming green competitive advantages: the first is related to the traditional understanding of competitiveness, its global measurement, the development of the processes of greening economic activity; the second is related to the greening of business activities and the development of the green economy; the third is related to the analysis of competitiveness in the context of green marketing strategies; the fourth is related to shaping the concept of green competitiveness directly. The conducted research formed a theoretical basis for clarifying the content of the concept of green competitiveness as an ability of an enterprise to form and effectively use green competitive advantages, their convergent and complementary effects, which ensure the sustainable development of enterprises, the expansion of the enterprise's competitive position on the market, the increase of investment attractiveness and capitalization, and the formation of an environmental brand.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СПЕЦИФИКА РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА РЕГИОНА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОЛГОГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

The authors explore the economic specifics of the tourism potential of the regions on the example of the Volgograd region, identifying the main factors affecting the development of external and internal tourism in the region. The article analyzes the essence of the concept of «tourist potential» and its regional specifics. The authors also define the purpose of the work: to identify the economic specifics of the development of tourism potential on the example of a specific region – the Volgograd region. In this context, the ways and methods of tourism development, increasing tourist attractiveness and stimulating the activity of citizens for travel and travel are analyzed. The object of the study is the tourism potential, the subject is the regional specifics of the tourism potential. The study examines various types of development of state and non-state forms of tourism development and support of tourist activity, as well as regional features of economic development. As a practical example, we have chosen the Volgograd region, because it is one of the most interesting regions combining natural, historical, geographical and cultural attractiveness, contributing to the development of regional tourism potential. At the same time, the authors explore internal (regional) and external (interregional) tourism. In the course of the work, the data of the Committee for Tourism Development and the Committee of Economy of the Volgograd Region are also analyzed.

Mediating Effects of Entrepreneurship Intention on the Relationship between Perceived Behavior Control and Start-up preparation

Recent days, entrepreneurial development has become an extremely vital factor and it is considered as a key feature of economic development through contributing to reduce the unemployment rate, inequality, and poverty. In Sri Lankan context, entrepreneurs have become the seeds of development to provide greater opportunities, increase per capita income and revenue to the Government by the way of taxes and other levies. Despite its importance, Sri Lankan Government employs several entrepreneurial development programmes to enhance the entrepreneurship intention and behaviors among the university students. In this context universities focus more on delivering the entrepreneurial education programmes to the undergraduate and postgraduate students to transform them as the entrepreneurs who can contribute the economic prosperity of the country. However, reviewed literature reveals that how entrepreneurship intention mediates the relationship between perceived behavioral control and start-up preparation has not been empirically tested in Sri Lankan context. Hence, this paper aims to examine the relationships among perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurship intention and start-up preparation and the mediating effect of entrepreneurship intention on the relationship between perceived behavioral control and start-up preparation. In order to achieve the study objectives, primary data were collected from 60 postgraduates from a selected state university in Sri Lanka. The simple mediation analysis was used to test the research model. Findings of the study revealed that, there are positive and significant relationships exist among the study variables. Moreover, empirical finding of the study indicated that entrepreneurship intention mediates the relationship between perceived behavioral control and start-up preparation. The current study is considered to be vital in understanding the empirical knowledge regarding the relationships among perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurship intention and start-up preparation.
 Keywords: Perceived behavioral control, Entrepreneurship intention, Start-up preparation, Theory of planned behavior, Sri Lanka

Application of Clustering Algorithm by Data Mining in the Analysis of Smart Grid from the Perspective of Electric Power

In recent years, the research on the relationship between economic development and power consumption is also a focus of government departments at all levels. The development of electric power (EP) not only has an impact on power supply enterprises and EP industry, but also is closely related to the social and economic development of the whole region and residents’ life, that is, there must be some internal relationship between economic development and EP consumption. In many areas of our country, the situation of power consumption and economic development is not coordinated. Insufficient and untimely power supply will hinder economic growth, and excessive power supply will bring unnecessary waste of resources. This also reflects that the research on the relationship between economic development and power consumption is not in-depth, so the research on the relationship between power consumption and economic development has a certain theoretical significance. This paper studies the application of clustering algorithm based on data mining in the analysis of economic development characteristics(EDC) from the perspective of EP, uses K-means clustering algorithm to understand the relationship between EP development and economic development, understands its characteristic development application, studies the relationship between EP consumption and economy from the EP elastic coefficient method and output value unit consumption method, and uses K-means clustering algorithm to calculate, this paper uses the chart analysis method to analyze the correlation degree of power consumption structure and the relationship between different industrial GDP and power consumption. The results show that the total output of each industrial structure is in direct proportion to the power consumption. The total value of each industrial structure is increasing, and the power consumption is on the rise. For example, in 2016, the total value of the first industry was 186.81 trillion yuan, the second industry was 960.54 trillion yuan, the third industry was 515.96 trillion yuan, and the power consumption was 41.246 billion kwh, by 2020, the total value of the primary industry will be 220.66 trillion yuan, the secondary industry 1916.51 trillion yuan, the tertiary industry 866.22 trillion yuan, and its electricity consumption (EC) will be 57.697 billion kwh.

Synchronizing Operation of Russian Banks and Institutions of Development in the System of National Project Implementation

Stability of economic development depends mainly on the efficiency of steps taken by the government in view of providing the economic growth. Pandemic after-effects cause still greater necessity of progressive development of economy. Institutions of development play a special role in intensifying investment processes. Well-organized functioning of these structures can resolve problems, which can hardly be settled by market mechanisms. Taking into account the need in efficient tools for national projects implementation, the key problem we are facing now is how to ensure the productive interaction of infrastructural elements of the economic system. In this context the article studies issues of interaction of institutes of development in the system of national projects implementation in view of specific features of economic development and normative practice. As a result of the present analysis a set of measures and recommendations were worked out, which could foster the attainments of national goals of development by active engagement of institutions of development in the process of national projects implementation. The author proposes to strengthen the system of monitoring project financing in order to make it more flexible and grounded in the aspect of responding the changes in the object needs. The article also shows the possibility of Russian banks and institutions of development interaction in conditions of synchronization.

Экономика самопровозглашенного Косова

Received 30.10.2020. Intensification of the final resolving processes over the Kosovo issue made it necessary to pay closer attention to social and economic features of the self-declared polity, which are often underestimated losing scores in favor of political, not economical, agenda. With emphasis on the most recent data (2015–2020), Kosovo official statistics, international and local organizations, mass media materials, with high involvement of interviews and surveys conducted during working trips to the Balkan region, and long-term observations, this paper is urged to remove this gap and to answer the question of economic independence and viability, directly concerned with the fundamental matter of sovereignty. Despite the thesis on favorable starting conditions in a form of abundance of various natural resources and ready-made industrial base, widely used in public rhetoric during separatist movement, the words have mostly remained just words – no significant structural changes have taken place in Kosovo’s economy since its self-declared independence in 2008. Reports reflect some increase of economic activity since 2015, but in almost all key directions – administrative reform, fundamental rights, fight against corruption and organized crime, regional cooperation development, etc. – there has been a very little progress up to date. Huge informal sector, desperate situation with youth’s unemployment, gender disproportion in the labor and legal fields – these are among the strongest economic challenges and the highest barriers for Kosovo on its way to European integration. In recent years, local economy drivers were state investments into infrastructure and private consumption, which is still mostly based on large transactions from abroad, together with increasing salary rates and lending. Economic diversification goes slowly. Base metals and mineral products dominate – same as during previous years – in regional export of goods, providing slightly less than a half of its entire volume. Excessive reliance on import is another feature of economic development in contemporary Kosovo. List of services and goods providers remains stable for the past decade, led by Germany and Italy, with growing influence of China and Turkey. Some improvement of business climate co-exists with essential economic problems. Kosovo’s economy still highly depends on external incomes and internal trade sector. Local educational system does not match local labor market needs. Financial discipline, efficient distribution of resources, optimization of sectoral interaction, fight against corruption and crime – these tasks remain the ones of high priority and are still in the current economic agenda today, like they were five and 10 years ago. Kosovo’s real investment attractiveness is in question; however, much work has been done in the legal field to speed up and secure the fundraising process. Unresolved problems of property rights and lack of political will to handle these issues hurt investment perspectives and slow down economic development. COVID‑2019 brings additional damage to Kosovo’s economy, but its overall results are to be yet evaluated.

BECOMING OF A DEMOCRACY POPULATION SYSTEM WITH PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION THE «CORPORATE STATE» IN E CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to investigate the main directions of the transition from the “oligarchic” system of government to democracy in the form of a «corporate state», where the founders are citizens-owners of national wealth, in the context of sustainable development, multiculturalism of the population and a variety of features of economic development of regions. The research methodology is a critical system analysis and a method of planning sustainable development of Ukraine, regions and territorial communities in the context of decentralization and a variety of forms of ownership. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the evaluative definitions of the basic concepts of the «corporate state», the oligarchic system, corruption consensus, the development of the triad model «CO-KNOWLEDGE»–»CO–POWER»–«CODEVELOPMENT» as a necessary condition for the transition to democracy and the principles of corporate management in the system of democracy applies to Ukraine. Conclusions. 1. It is proposed to adjust the strategic course of Ukraine – from the strategy of the economy of slow growth, on the principles of liberal ideology and «external» management, to the strategy of sustainable development and planning of the economy of the future based on the theory of convergence of «socialism and capitalism». 2. Describes anatriadic model of the formation of civil society, sustainable co-development and corporate co-management. 3. The transition from an oligarchic system of state development, which is based on a «corruption consensus» and a shadow economy, to a system of democracy in the form of a «corporate state» and public-private partnership according to the triad model «business – territorial community – power» is justified, which will allow the requirements of Articles 5 and 13 of the Constitution of Ukraine in terms of the people’s ownership of national wealth and the source of power [1]. Key words: deoligarchization, corruption consensus, sustainable development, «co-knowledge», «co-power», «co-development», «corporate state», trust management, delegation of powers from the bottom up, interconnected territorial clusters, basic income.

Elaborating on the Abstract: Group Meaning-Making in a Colombian Microsavings Program

Access to formal financial products like savings accounts constitutes a hallmark feature of economic development, but individuals do not uniformly embrace these products. In explaining such financial preferences, scholars have focused on institutional, cultural, and material factors, but they have paid less attention to organizations and small groups. In this article, we argue that these factors are crucial to understanding financial preferences. We investigate a government-sponsored microsavings program in Colombia and find that participants became less interested in banking services over the course of the program, even as they gained access to appropriate accounts and their savings increased. Turning to qualitative data to understand this curious finding, we show that organizational efforts to disseminate abstract information about banking triggered a process of “elaboration” among group members, leading many to develop financial preferences at odds with those promoted by the government. This study integrates insights from economic sociology, organizational theory, and microsociology to advance theories of financial preference. In doing so, we reveal how organizational efforts to compress information, followed by group efforts to personalize and expand upon the information, can shape preferences and potentially undermine organizational goals.

Transformation in industrial specialisation and features of economic development across the subjects of the Russian Federation

Crisis phenomena in Russia stimulate interest in researching the influence of regions’ industrial specialisation on the rates and trajectories of their economic development. The paper aims to examine the transformation of industrial specialisation across the Russian regions and correlate it with their economic development. The methodological basis of the study rests on the theoretical concepts of regional and spatial economics, systems analysis, and strategic management. The authors monitor the changes in the industrial specialisation across the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2008–2016, as well as the dynamics of their economic development by using a combination of methods: dialectical, causal, comparative, structural and cluster analysis. The paper identifies the strategic challenges and priority areas for the modern development of the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of the economy of 61 subjects of the Russian Federation, the authors draw conclusions on the transformation of regional industrial specialisation in a specific type of economic activity; on the relationship between economic development and the nature of specialisation (mono-specialisation, multi-specialisation); on the dynamics of developed regions among the groups of mono-specialised and multi-specialised ones. The study detects the types of economic activity, which affect economic development the most. The analysis of the dynamics of industrial specialisation results in the conclusion that there are regions with stable and unstable specialisation. The article proposes promising directions of the state structural policy for different types of regions. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the developed method allows not only evaluating the transformations in the industrial specialisation of the regions, but also correlating them with the economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Features of Economic Development and the Role of the State in Modern Russia

The article characterizes the similarities and differences in the role of the state in the development of the economy of different countries and the features of this role at different stages, including under crisis conditions. In the countries of Western Civilization, the activation of the social layer of entrepreneurs plays the main role in overcoming economic crises. In Russia, this layer is much less important. The periods of successful socioeconomic development are associated with the eras of cultural and ideological development, when the society is inspired by the ideas of common cause. The article shows that the state is usually the most important initiator and driver of socioeconomic development in Russia and China. The spiritual and ideological crisis associated with the destruction of the Soviet Union can be largely compensated by the focus on improving the state and creating an effective planning and market system.

Global networked economy as a factor for sustainable development

Towards the end of the twentieth century, certain features of economic development were clearly defined that will become the dominant features of the economy of the next century. Modern advances in the development of global information and communication technologies have led to the formation of a global electronic environment for economic activity, which has opened up new opportunities for organizational and institutional design in business and other areas of human socio-economic activity.The article discusses the prospects for the development of the world global economy.

Economic growth and sectoral shifts in Dnepro-Dvinsky region

The article analyzes some indicators of the development of the Smolensk, Vitebsk and Mogilev regions as a single cross-border region (Dnieper-Dvinsky region). The Dnieper-Dvinsky region is characterized by the features of economic development, characteristic of all territories included in it. The region is connected by a network of communications, which in the past (rivers) and in the present (railways and highways) has a significant impact on the directions of economic interaction and social ties. This study aims to identify regional features of economic growth and structural sectoral shifts in the Dnieper- Dvinsky region, occurring as a result of the interstate integration of Russia and Belarus, in comparison with regional development trends in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation and regions of the Republic of Belarus. The main indicator is the growth rate of the gross regional product (GRP) in comparable prices. The factors that influenced the development of the economy of the Dnieper- Dvinsky region in the past and present are highlighted. The lag of the growth rates of the real GRP of the Dnieper-Dvinsky region from the national growth rates was proved due to the increased competition in the border area following the results of Russian-Belarusian integration. The factor of budget revenues lagging due to the intercapital situation of the region is shown and substantiated. It was revealed that there was a structural shift in the economy of the Smolensk region, while in the Mogilev and Vitebsk regions the changes are insignificant.

Features of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region

The level of economic development of entrepreneurship in any country in the world is crucial in increasing the competitiveness of the national economy in the world market of goods and services. The activities of economic entities are the driving force for the sustainable development of regions and their suburban areas, and they also impact the welfare of population. The article dwells on the analysis of scientific approaches to the regulation of economic development of enterprises in suburban areas of the region. The article analyzes the scientific approaches to the regulation of economic development of enterprises in suburban areas of the region. According to the well-known classics of the fundamental economic theory of entrepreneurship development (A. Smith, D. Ricardo, V. Laungard, A. Loria) the peculiarities of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban territories of the region are determined by the possibility of distribution of surplus production, minimum production costs per unit of production, availability of labor resources. In modern economic theory (M. Weber, A. Pre, S.M. Kimelberg, E. Williams, C. Vlachou, O. Iakovidou, J. van Dijk, P. Pellenbarg) the development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region can be determined by institutional, innovation, technological, social, ecological and other features of the economy at the regional, state or world levels. The complex and comprehensive generalization of the features of economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas is proposed. There are (1) the type of decision taken by an enterprise to carry out business activities in the relevant suburban area of the region, and (2) the influence of internal and external factors on economic activity. The article argues that large enterprises are guided by more objective decision-making reasons, attaching the most importance to the physical and innovative environment. Medium and small enterprises are mainly focused on getting benefits for the entrepreneur in the short-term time period and location in the nearest geographic area. The attention was paid to the tools of ensuring economic development of entrepreneurship in suburban areas of the region, taking into account institutional changes in the national economy and the experience of developed countries of the world.

Cluster-Based Differentiation of the Socioeconomic Development Level for Municipal Units in the Steppe Regions of European Russia

The article provides insight into the features of economic development in the steppe regions of European Russia. Russia’s steppe zone is regarded not only as a natural and geographical formation, but also as a socioeconomic space with specific problems. The paper presents the results of an analysis of socioeconomic development indicators for municipal units in the steppe regions of European Russia. Clustering-based classification was performed for the federal subjects forming the steppe space. The classification revealed the asymmetry of the economic potential common to the steppe regions of European Russia, which is a decrease in the level of economic development from west to east. The analysis identified regions of advanced development of municipalities: Krasnodar krai, Belgorod oblast, and Samara oblast, and depressed regions: the Republic of Kalmykia, Orenburg oblast, Saratov oblast, and Volgograd oblast. The position of the depressed regions limits the opportunities for integration with the Republic of Kazakhstan and development of cross-border cooperation in analogy with Euroregions. The work differentiates the municipal units based on attracted investments and industrial and agricultural production. The unevenness of economic development in the steppe regions of the Russian Federation manifests itself in polarization of economic indicators of the leading municipalities, the growth of which is primarily determined by natural-resource and spatial factors and sociodemographic reasons. The effect of space shrinkage of socioeconomic development of municipal units in the steppe zone is observed. This is reflected in the rural depopulation, which covers a considerable area, and decline in practical use of the territory. The effect of mutual influence has been revealed, which means that underperforming municipal units found at the periphery of growing regions are primarily border with depressed neighbors.

CLUSTER AS A STRUCTURAL UNIT OF TERRITORY SPATIAL ORGANIZATION IN RUSSIA

The concept of cluster is widely used in various fields of knowledge and, above all, in the economy. In recent decades, the term has become increasingly common in the area of spatial planning. However, the definition proposed by economic science does not reveal the essence of the cluster for use in this area. The term cluster has entered into domestic practice in the transition to an innovative economy and the subsequent reindustrialization of the country. Nevertheless, the elaboration of the issue from the point of view of territorial planning is clearly not enough. Based on the analysis of available interpretations, the article proposes an expanded formulation of the concept of cluster, which corresponds to economic approaches and can be considered as a structural unit of spatial organization of the environment in urban planning. The attempt of the structural description of the territorial cluster taking into account features of economic development of Russia and formation of industrial infrastructure is carried out.

ASSESSMENT OF CAPITAL FLOWS BETWEEN THE EAEU MEMBER STATES AND OTHER REGIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATIONS

Over the past decade, the importance of so-called collective investments has grown in the world economy, especially in OECD countries. Such investments are made through investment companies, mutual funds, fund and investment trust companies. OECD member countries have formed a unified system for regulating collective investment, the purpose of which is to create common investment conditions for all member countries of this organization. This article studies the evolution of the geographical distribution of various forms of international capital flows, from the point of view of deepening regional cooperation, as well as their structural features, which can serve as a basis for assessing the effectiveness of capital investments and the features of economic development in individual regions, particularly in the EАEU countries.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КРУПНОГО ПОМЕЩИЧЬЕГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ТАМБОВСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В КОНЦЕ XIX ВЕКА

The social and economic features of the large estates development in the Tambov Governorate in the late 19th are examined. The class composition of the latifundists, the social and economic development features of their estates are considered. The source for the work are materials describing the major Tambov estates, “Digest of Statistical Data on the Tambov Governorate”. On the basis of the socio-economic development of the estates, the data system “Large Estates of the Tambov Governorate in the Late 19th Century” is compiled, which allows to generalize information on 489 latifundia of the Tambov Governorate. The relevance of the work is determined by the importance of studying the most successful forms of social and economical pre-revolutionary modernization of the post-reform agricultural sector. In the post-reform period it was the entrepreneurial activity of latifundia that was the source of new forms of rationalism and enterprise, social and industrial innovations. The study of sources makes it possible to generalize the territorial features of the concentration of latifundia in the region, to elucidate the reasons for the economic stability of the latifundia in the region, to determine the specific features of the industrial structure of the economic complexes of the Tambov estates, and to consider the most common methods of land use. The study of the industrial modernization of the latifundia is supplemented by a study of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the composition of local wage workers. The qualifications and shortcomings of the professions that were formed in privately owned farms were determined. Synthesis of material for a nu mber of farms shows that the economic success of large owners was largely due to the widely practiced use of a qualified administration and the involvement of agricultural hiring.