Search Criteria Research Articles

Methods and equipment available for prehospital treatment of accidental hypothermia: a survey of Norwegian prehospital services

BackgroundAccidental hypothermia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and poses a significant challenge for both professional and volunteer rescue services in prehospital settings. This study investigated the methods and equipment available to treat patients with cold stress or accidental hypothermia before reaching hospital in Norway.MethodsWe surveyed 156 respondents representing 708 units from both the professional and volunteer Norwegian prehospital chain of care between 2023 and 2024. Professional services included national ground ambulances, boat ambulances, national fixed wing and helicopter air ambulance services, search and rescue helicopter services, and urban search and rescue services. Volunteer services included Norwegian People’s Aid and the Norwegian Red Cross Search and Rescue Corps. The survey queried the availability of active warming equipment, passive insulation materials, thermometers for detecting hypothermia, and preferred sites for temperature measurements. The study also investigated whether there has been a development in available equipment compared to a similar study conducted in 2013.ResultsThe survey achieved a response rate of 70.5%. Chemical heat pads were the most frequently used type of equipment for active external warming and were the only equipment used by volunteer rescue services. All services possessed equipment for passive external warming, with duvets, space blankets and wool- or cotton blankets being the most commonly available. Thermometers for detecting hypothermia were found in 86.3% of professional rescue services and 15% of volunteer units. Almost all respondents reported consistent equipment setups year-round.ConclusionAll Norwegian prehospital services, both professional and volunteer, reported having equipment available for active and passive external warming. Thermometers for detecting hypothermia were reported by all professional services. The most notable change in the equipment available to treat patients with prehospital cold stress and accidental hypothermia in Norway was the increased availability of active external rewarming equipment in 2024 compared with that in 2013.

Factors associated with burnout among internationally educated nurses: A scoping review.

The increasing nursing shortage in the healthcare industry has become a concern in many countries. Recruiting certified nurses from outside a country is one strategy to address this shortage. While the hiring of internationally educated nurses (IENs) fills the labor gap, a supportive work environment is necessary to retain IENs in the field. We conducted this scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. It is reported along with the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A literature search was conducted across six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Ichushi, and CNKI) on September 8, 2023, from which 722 articles were identified. Titles and abstracts were initially screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by a full-text review of the selected articles. Eight articles satisfied the search criteria. From the characteristics of the factors related to nurses' burnout, all the components were categorized into organizational and individual factors. Organizational factors that contribute to higher burnout include poor professional-practice environment, high patient-to-nurse ratios, lower job satisfaction, and working in hospital wards and private hospitals. Individual factors include being younger IENs, being single (not married), being female, possessing higher educational degrees, short duration of employment, religion (Muslim), job title as a staff nurse, high stress, poor local-language capability, and first-time employment in a host country. Individual factors are more specific to IENs' backgrounds, whereas organizational factors are common to both internationally educated and host-country nurses. Both factors should be considered to reduce burnout among IENs. Healthcare organizations and administrators can develop targeted strategies to prevent and address the burnout experienced by IENs. Also providing understanding and support for religious backgrounds and language proficiency is crucial for alleviating intercultural stress. Through these measures, it is essential to create a work environment where internationally educated nurses can feel secure and comfortable.

The Role of Dopamine in Gastric Cancer—A Systematic Review of the Pathogenesis Phenomena Developments

Background: In the last few decades, it has been emphasized that dopamine, a well-known neurotransmitter with multiple roles in central nervous system, is also implicated in the activity of peripheral tissues and organs, more specifically influencing the gastrointestinal system (GI). Methods: We registered a protocol under the CRD42024547935 identifier in the Prospero register of systematic reviews. Furthermore, using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design strategy to guide our study rationale, and under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations, we conducted a qualitative systematic literature search based on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the “gastric cancers AND dopamine” search criteria. We obtained 68 articles from PubMed, 142 articles from Scopus, and 99 articles from the Web of Science database. Results: Within gastric cancer biology, dopamine has notable effects on STAT-3 and DARPP-32. STAT-3, a transcription factor involved in cellular proliferation and invasion, plays a significant role in cancer progression. Conclusions: Understanding the roles of dopamine in cancer, beyond aspects such as cancer cell invasion, immune response modulation, or tumor growth, could guide the development of new cancer therapies by modulating its pathways, especially the DARPP-32/CXCR4/CXCL-12 complex axis, in order to improve the morbidity and mortality caused by this type of cancer.

Rotations of teeth—a systematic review

BackgroundRotations are frequently evaluated through various assessment methods of crowding and arch dimension, with relatively few studies discussing the extent or direction of rotations and even fewer addressing the reliability of such assessments. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze existing classification systems for rotated teeth and assess rotation in anterior and posterior teeth, its clinical applicability, and its impact on retention and relapse.Search methodsTwo investigators conducted a comprehensive search in six databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, LILACS, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL, up to 28 March 2024. No specific start date was defined to ensure the inclusion of all relevant studies from the inception of each database, maximizing the comprehensiveness of our review. The search criteria included retrospective studies and the inclusion criteria were patients who were assessed for rotation in any age group. The exclusion criteria were patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment, who had fractured restorations or crowns, or who had any other tooth anomaly.Data collection and analysisIn total, 10 studies satisfying the inclusion criteria were included and 9 provided quantitative outcomes for the rotation of various teeth, while the remaining study offered qualitative results. The risk of bias assessment was performed with the help of the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment tool.ResultsThe skeletal Class II and Class III groups exhibited similar average positions of the first molar. Upper molar rotation was primarily observed in dental Class II patients, with a higher mesial rotation angle of 78.6°. Only one study measured the rotation for all permanent teeth. Seven studies used the mid-palatal raphe as the reference line for measuring molar rotation. No gender differences were found. It was found that there was no statistical significance in the mean values of molar rotation for the right and left sides as well as the maxillary and mandibular arches. The incisors demonstrated the highest degree of rotation (7.4°–20.2°), while the premolars and canines exhibited a slightly lower degree of rotation (3.3°–9.2°). In contrast, the molars displayed the lowest degree of rotation (0.8°–7.4°).ConclusionAfter reviewing all the studies, it was found that there is no adequate classification system to assess the rotation of anterior teeth and mandibular teeth. A universally accepted classification of tooth rotation, including a common reference line, is needed. The existing systems for posterior teeth need to be standardized and have a clinical utility to be widely accepted.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024524654, PROSPERO (CRD42024524654).

A bibliometric analysis of the Cheminformatics/QSAR literature (2000-2023) for predictive modeling in data science using the SCOPUS database.

A bibliometric analysis of the Cheminformatics/QSAR articles published in the present century (2000-2023) is presented based on a SCOPUS search made in October 2024 using a given set of search criteria. The obtained results of 52,415 documents against the specific query are analyzed based on the number of documents per year, contributions of different countries and Institutes in Cheminformatics/QSAR publications, the contributions of researchers based on the number of documents, appearance in the top-cited articles, h-index, composite c-score (ns), and the newly introduced q-score. Finally, a list of the top 50 Cheminformatics/QSAR researchers is presented. An analysis is also made for the content of the top-cited articles during the period 2000-2023 in comparison to those before 2000 to capture the trend of changes in the Cheminformatics/QSAR research. The limiting factors of any bibliometric analysis are also briefly presented.

Bibliotherapy to prevent bullying. A systematic review

Bullying is a serious social and health problem due to the dimensions it reaches and the consequences it entails. Since the application of bibliotherapy in pediatric and educational social-health interventions has been shown to be effective, it can be assumed that it can also be used as a bullying prevention tool. This paper presents a systematic review of studies on the use of reading books against bullying. In order to carry out the review, a search was conducted, without restriction of language, dates or databases, through BRAIN (acronym in Spanish for Learning and Research Resource Finder) of the King Juan Carlos University of Madrid. Twelve of the 2,604 records initially identified met the established search, selection and inclusion criteria. In this article, these 12 papers are analyzed. The data extracted from the analysis allow us to confirm the validity and usefulness of bibliotherapy to help prevent and address bullying.

Exploring Citation Patterns of Australian Research into Teachers of Gifted Students through a Focused Study of Articles Published in the Australasian Journal of Gifted Education 1992- 2024

This document analysis sought to examine the nature and scope of articles relating to teaching and giftedness published in Australia’s only gifted education journal – the Australasian Journal of Gifted Education (AJGE) from 1992 to 2024. Utilising the Publish or Perish software program to identify a corpus of related literature published in the AJGE since its inception, 43 articles were chosen as fitting the search criteria. For each article, basic descriptors are provided including the frequency of citing other research from within the AJGE. Previous research has identified limitations in Australian gifted education research but also acknowledged the small and relatively young field’s promising achievement of a level of recognition through a developing citation profile (Jolly et al., 2024). Yet this could be enhanced through a more dedicated commitment on the part of Australian researchers to cite relevant Australian research wherever possible, to ensure the continued progression of our citation profile. This study provides insight into citing patterns by AJGE authors in one topic area, in the hope that it will encourage future contributors to more frequently examine and cite local research in the field.

An Updated Review on Nanoemulsion: Factory for Food and Drug Delivery.

A nanoemulsion is a colloidal system of small droplets dispersed in another liquid. It has attracted considerable attention due to its unique properties and various applications. Throughout this review, we provide an overview of nanoemulsions and how they can be applied to various applications such as drug delivery, food applications, and pesticide formulations. This updated review aims to comprehensively overview nanoemulsions and their applications as a versatile platform for drug delivery, food applications, and pesticide formulations. Research relevant scientific literature across various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Suitable keywords for this purpose include "nanoemulsion," "drug delivery," and "food applications." Ensure the search criteria include recent publications to ensure current knowledge is included. Several benefits have been demonstrated in the delivery of drugs using nanoemulsions, including improved solubility, increased bioavailability, and controlled delivery. Nanoemulsions have improved some bioactive compounds in food applications, including vitamins and antioxidants. At the same time, pesticide formulations based on nanoemulsions have also improved solubility, shelf life, and effectiveness. The versatility of nanoemulsions makes them ideal for drug delivery, food, and pesticide formulation applications. These products are highly soluble, bioavailable, and targeted, providing significant advantages. More research and development are required to implement nanoemulsion-based products on a commercial scale.

Effect of Parathyroidectomy After Renal Transplantation on Grafted Kidney Function Within One Year: A Meta-Analysis

Objective: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) is a common symptom of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and at the time of transplantation, more than two-thirds of patients with end-stage renal disease have secondary hyperparathyroidism. After kidney transplantation, parathyroid function is normalized in some kidney transplant recipients, but up to 50% of kidney transplant recipients develop tertiary hyperparathyroidism (tHPT) one year after kidney transplantation. The effect of parathyroidectomy on the grafts is currently unclear, so we conducted a meta-analysis of these studies to assess the changes in graft function one year after parathyroidectomy after kidney transplantation to investigate the resection in renal transplant recipients. Methods: A thorough exploration was conducted across Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to gather pertinent literature spanning from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2023. The search criteria encompassed terms such as "kidney transplantation," "parathyroidectomy," and "hyperparathyroidism." Results: Twelve studies were scrutinized to assess alterations in graft functionality at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-parathyroidectomy. The meta-analysis unveiled a notable decline in overall glomerular filtration rate and a concurrent elevation in serum creatinine one year post-parathyroidectomy, signifying an impairment in graft function compared to the preoperative phase. Significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies. Conclusion: Following parathyroidectomy in renal transplant recipients one year post-surgery, calcium and parathyroid hormone levels normalized. Nonetheless, there was evident impairment in graft function and an elevated risk of graft loss. Hence, the safety of parathyroidectomy in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism post-renal transplantation necessitates meticulous consideration.

Organizational Digital Transformation Readiness: An Exploratory Investigation

The widespread adoption of digital technologies across various aspects of society has led to the emergence of two highly context-dependent constructs that explain how businesses are getting ready for transformative digital processes: digital readiness and digital transformation (DT). However, assessing the extent to which an organization is ready to succeed in a DT initiative still requires further investigation. This research addresses this gap by working towards a practical definition and model of organizational digital transformation readiness (ODTR). The authors investigate how an organization’s readiness for digital transformation should be conceptualized, assessed, and improved through a systematic literature review. This literature review covered the years 2004 to 2021, as well as articles published until May 2022. The search was conducted in the Web of Science database, as well as in the most important publishers’ databases, resulting in 264 papers on “e-readiness”, 72 articles on “digital transformation”, and 8 articles on “digital transformation readiness”. Based on this, some dimensions emerged as the most prominent for understanding how companies prepare for transformative digital processes, namely technological resources, business processes, management capability, human capability, and corporate culture, which highlights the multidisciplinary nature of ODTR. Furthermore, the literature review showed the similarity between e-readiness and digital readiness, allowing the assessment of an organization’s maturity for digital transformation. The review synthesized the scientific literature on the readiness of organizations for digital transformation, allowing the proposition of an integrative framework to evaluate ODTR. Moreover, it allows the development of insights and recommendations for practices related to successful digital transformation initiatives. As this literature review has limitations related to its scope and search criteria, future studies can provide a broader investigation into how organizations respond to the challenge of DT and their respective readiness to do so in practice.

Fine-Grained Meetup Events Extraction Through Context-Aware Event Argument Positioning and Recognition

Extracting meetup events from social network posts or webpage announcements is the core technology to build event search services on the Web. While event extraction in English achieves good performance in sentence-level evaluation [1], the quality of auto-labeled training data via distant supervision is not good enough for word-level event extraction due to long event titles [2]. Additionally, meetup event titles are more complex and diverse than trigger-word-based event extraction. Therefore, the performance of event title extraction is usually worse than that of traditional named entity recognition (NER). In this paper, we propose a context-aware meetup event extraction (CAMEE) framework that incorporates a sentence-level event argument positioning model to locate event fields (i.e., title, venue, dates, etc.) within a message and then perform word-level event title, venue, and date extraction. Experimental results show that adding sentence-level event argument positioning as a filtering step improves the word-level event field extraction performance from 0.726 to 0.743 macro-F1, outperforming large language models like GPT-4-turbo (with 0.549 F1) and SOTA NER model SoftLexicon (with 0.733 F1). Furthermore, when evaluating the main event extraction task, the proposed model achieves 0.784 macro-F1.

Primary Extradural Meningioma: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Features, Clinical Management, and Surgical Outcomes.

Objective: This systematic review consolidates the literature on primary extradural meningiomas (PEMs), a rare subset of meningiomas. We describe the clinical features, management strategies used, and treatment outcomes for published cases. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines across multiple databases to 29 July 2024. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with primarily extradural meningioma and where individual patient clinical data were provided. Results: Of 216 studies that met the initial search criteria, 41 satisfied the final inclusion criteria. These 41 studies included 82 patients with 84 total PEMs. The cohort was balanced between sexes with a median age of 46 (range 18-82). Frequent symptoms at initial presentation included pain/headache (46%), weakness (44%), paresthesias (24%), and a palpable superficial mass (23%). The median duration of symptoms to diagnosis was 11 months (range 0.75-120). Surgical resection was the primary treatment approach, achieving a gross total resection in 67% of cases. The majority of lesions were classified as WHO grade 1 (87%). A recurrence was identified during the published follow-up in 11% of cases and a higher WHO grade was expectedly associated with a greater risk of recurrence. The described practice was to use adjuvant radiotherapy in recurrent and high-grade cases. Most cranial lesions were located in the frontal bone, while most spinal lesions affected the cervical spine. Post-treatment symptom improvement or resolution was described in almost all patients at the last follow-up. Conclusions: In comparison to intradural meningiomas, PEMs largely follow a more indolent course with a longer duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis, more benign symptoms, a higher proportion of grade 1 tumors, and favorable outcomes; however, there is a small subset of PEMs with extension outside the cranium and spine that require specific considerations for management.

Autologous Peripheral Blood-Derived Orthobiologics for the Management of Shoulder Disorders: A Review of Current Clinical Evidence.

A multidisciplinary approach is recommended to manage shoulder pain, the third most common musculoskeletal disorder, but traditional modalities have limitations, providing only temporary symptomatic pain relief instead of targeting the underlying pathophysiology. Recently, autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics (APBOs) have become popular for the management of shoulder disorders. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the most frequently used APBO, but its efficacy remains disputable. Thus, the possibility of using other APBOs, such as platelet lysate (PL), autologous conditioned serum (ACS), gold-induced cytokine (GOLDIC), plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), growth factor concentrate (GFC), autologous protein solution (APS), and hyperacute serum (HS), for the management of shoulder disorders have been considered. This review summarizes the outcomes of clinical studies involving APBOs to manage shoulder disorders. Multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus) were searched employing terms for APBOs and various shoulder disorders for articles published in the English language to September 11, 2024, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Only six clinical studies fulfilled our pre-defined search and inclusion criteria. Specifically, one, two, two, and one studies involving the use of PL, ACS, PRGF, and APS, respectively, were included in this review. No clinical studies were identified involving the use of GOLDIC, GFC, and HS. Administration of PL, ACS, PRGF, and APS is safe and can reduce pain and improve function in patients with shoulder disorders, including rotator cuff tendinopathy, subacromial impingement syndrome, glenohumeral osteoarthritis and delayed union fracture of the clavicle. Given the dearth of relevant literature and limitations of the available studies, more prospective clinical studies, and ideally, randomized controlled trials, with extended follow-up are necessary to establish the efficacy of APBOs and to select the ideal APBO for the management of shoulder disorders.

Effectiveness of Cognitive Remediation Interventions for Schizophrenia in Asian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Cognitive deficits are an integral part of schizophrenia, with negatively impacting functionality. Current treatments, primarily pharmacological, do not adequately address these cognitive impairments. Cognitive remediation (CR) interventions, designed to improve cognitive functions, have shown promising outcomes. However, most research has been conducted in western contexts, necessitating a review of CR effectiveness in the Asian populations. This systematic review aims to provide comprehensive update on the effectiveness of CR interventions in improving cognition among individuals with schizophrenia in Asian countries. The meta-analysis aims to synthesize and summarize the relevant CR studies to obtain a pooled estimate of effectiveness. Methods: A systematic search of three databases, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and EMBASE, was conducted from the date of inception to March 19, 2024, for eligible records using prespecified search criteria. Primary studies with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, conducted on individuals aged 18–65 years, diagnosed with schizophrenia in Asian countries, comparing CR interventions with other non-pharmacological interventions or treatment as usual, reporting cognitive outcomes, using standardized tools, and published in English were included in the study. The review excluded unpublished RCTs, low-quality studies, open-label studies, cohort studies, studies focusing on noncognitive outcomes, and those lacking a clear comparison arm. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias 2 (RoB2) tool by two independent reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed using R version 4.3.0 software using meta package to synthesize the overall impact of CR interventions on cognitive outcomes. Results and Discussion: This systematic review included 17 studies with 1272 participants, conducted in China, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Iran, Korea, and Singapore. The interventions varied in type and format. These were delivered through group and individual sessions, both in-person and computer-based, with varied duration. Quality assessment done with RoB2 tool indicated high-risk concerns in 14 of the studies. The meta-analysis of four studies on composite cognitive scores using the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia showed a significant positive effect of CR interventions (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35 to 1.43). For executive functioning, the meta-analysis of three studies indicated no significant improvement (SMD = 0.75, 95% CI: −0.11 to 1.61). Conclusion: CR is an effective intervention for improving cognitive functions in individuals with schizophrenia in Asia based on the meta-analysis conducted, akin to evidence from western countries. However, quality concerns and high heterogeneity among the included studies underscore the need for standardized protocols and uniform outcome measures to enhance the reliability of future research.

Exploring the associations among major fields of study, pre-professional activities, and post-college job quality in alumnx of liberal arts colleges

AbstractAcross several decades of studies seeking to examine the effects of college on students’ careers, earnings are the outcome that has captured the most attention, as discussed by Mayhew et al. (2016), and large-scale efforts like the College Scorecard feature median earnings as the only career outcome displayed, presented alongside graduation rates and annual average costs in its college search website, as discussed by USDOE (2023). The study sought to build upon and nuance of prior research by examining the effects of higher education on students’ career outcomes based on a multifaceted conceptualization of job quality. The results reinforce the importance of pre-professional activities such as internships and participating in faculty research, although the frequency of engagement differed by major and student race. Ultimately, the findings provide new evidence in three areas: the associations between undergraduate major and the quality of one’s first job following graduation and the impact of engaging in pre-professional activities during college; the associations between undergraduate major and the quality of one's current job, and the mediated role of engaging in pre-professional activities during college and the quality of one’s first job; and the extent to which these mechanisms differ between alumnx from the global majority and those who identify as White.

Russian Immigrant Families’ Child Care Selection in the United States

AbstractResearch on immigrant populations shows that child care choices are dependent on the population’s region of origin. While the Russian immigrant population in the United States comprises the largest group of immigrants from Eastern Europe and is likely to increase in the future, there is virtually no research on Russian immigrant families’ child care search and selection criteria. This qualitative study applies the theoretical model of Pungello and Kurtz-Costes (1999), which illustrates how factors such as parental demographic characteristics, environmental context, child characteristics, and parental beliefs play into families’ child care selection. The study draws from semi-structured interviews with 11 Russian immigrant families residing in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States to examine their child care search processes and selection criteria. Results revealed that most parents found child care through friends’ recommendations, Internet search, and online reviews. Nine themes describing child care criteria valued by Russian immigrant families emerged from the analysis. Specifically, parents mentioned culture and personal beliefs, child characteristics, convenience, cost and subsidy, education and learning, program features, facilities and environment, teacher characteristics, and rating and reputation as the major factors in selecting child care. Understanding Russian immigrant parents’ child care information sources and selection criteria will allow for early care and education (ECE) providers to accommodate the needs of Russian immigrant population and for policymakers to facilitate access to ECE programs for these families.

Identifying Factors That Might Affect Outcomes of Exercise-Based Therapies in Long-COVID.

Long-COVID, which might develop after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, is a rather new disease without standardized treatment strategies. A large number of approaches that integrate physical activity have been described in the literature, and this systematic review aims to examine changes in symptom severity, physical fitness, respiratory symptoms and quality of life during training and identify factors that might influence the respective outcomes. A literature search was conducted using the databases Pubmed, PEDro, BioMed Central, EBSCOhost, ProQuest and the ZBSport from 13 February 2024 to 27 February 2024, and 39 studies fulfilled the search criteria. The analyzed study designs varied regarding the type of intervention (isolated vs. multidisciplinary), duration and intensity of training sessions and overall length of the program. Individualized holistic concepts of physical activity paralleled by additional approaches demonstrated high effectiveness. However, many of the participants continue to suffer from Long-COVID after the intervention. Long-COVID treatment should be individualized, multifactorial and not limited in time and should consider each patient's pre-existing conditions and individual course of the disease to provide the best possible support and care.

Predecisional information search adaptively reduces three types of uncertainty

How do people search for information when they are given the opportunity to freely explore their options? Previous research has suggested that people focus on reducing uncertainty before making a decision, but it remains unclear how exactly they do so and whether they do so consistently. We present an analysis of over 1,000,000 information-search decisions made by over 2,500 individuals in a decisions-from-experience setting that cleanly separates information search from choice. Using a data-driven approach supported by a formal measurement framework, we examine how people allocate samples to options and how they decide to terminate search. Three major insights emerge. First, predecisional information search has at least three drivers that can be interpreted as reducing three types of uncertainty: structural, estimation, and computational. Second, the selection of these drivers of information search is adaptive, sequential, and guided by environmental knowledge that integrates prior expectations, task instructions, and personal experiences. Third, predecisional information search exhibits substantial interindividual heterogeneity, with individuals recruiting different drivers of information search. Together, these insights suggest that human information search is complex in ways that cannot be fully explained by monolithic accounts of information search, including proposals focused on estimation uncertainty or cost-benefit analysis. We conclude that broader theories of human information-search behavior are necessary.

Pollen dispersal distance of Brazilian native tree species: a systematic review

Knowledge of the pollen dispersal distance (PDD) is crucial for delimitating the collection radius of subpopulations in seed collection areas used as germplasm sources for genetic breeding, conservation, and restoration projects. Some studies have reported the PDD of trees, but these are scattered throughout the literature. Therefore, the objective of this study was to systematically review and report as many PDDs as possible found in the literature on native Brazilian tree species. In the present study, we identified the most and least studied species, temporal trends in publications, geographic distribution of studies, mating systems, and pollinator types for each species. A systematic review protocol was established, and the search criteria were improved, resulting in 543 articles. Forty-four articles contained information on native species, and 319 PDD from 41 tree species were extracted. The most investigated species for pollen dispersal were Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Jequitibá-branco) and Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Araucária). The PDD values ranged from 9 m to 5229 m, averaging 543.9273 m. The five species with the highest average PDDs were Centrolobium tomentosum Guill. ex Benth. (Araribá), Swietenia macrophylla King (Mogno-brasileiro), Hymenaea courbaril L. (Jatobá), Dipteryx alata Vogel (Baru) and Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. Ex-Hayne (Jatobá do Cerrado) at 3191 m, 1472 m, 1450 m, 1215.12 m, and 1086.81 m, respectively. Theobroma cacao L. and Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil. had the shortest PDDs averages at 28 m and 15.9 m, respectively. This work provides a valuable PDD database that will expand the possibilities for new research and guide projects related to seed collection, forest restoration, germplasm conservation, and genetic breeding of native Brazilian trees.

NURSING'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS (HAIS)

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represent an important public health problem worldwide. As it is a condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality, this type of infection requires control and prevention strategies to be adopted. In this sense, nursing care is an important element in the process of reducing the risks of HAIs, as they share routines that help minimize its causes, in addition to employing aseptic techniques to prevent a high potential for environmental contamination. professional and thus reduce possible infections by microorganisms. Given the importance of these professionals, the present study aimed to investigate the role of the nursing team in preventing and controlling infections related to healthcare, describing the main nursing actions in preventing and controlling these infections. The research was developed through a bibliographical review, with the selection of articles on the topic, whose publication occurred between the years 2019 and 2024. The application of the search criteria allowed the selection of 11 articles, which presented different approaches to the theme. According to these approaches, the group of selected articles can be classified by thematic areas: risk factors for the occurrence of HAIs; prevention measures for the nursing team; nursing practices to reduce risks; importance of the hospital infection control service. From carrying out this review, it was possible to observe that nursing acts directly in the prevention and control of this type of infection, whether through safe care practices, or through surveillance, the implementation of protocols and educational practices aimed at preventing these infections.