Fe In TiO2 Research Articles

Effect of Iron-Doping on the Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles

This research reports a simple, innovative, and low-cost doping method of TiO2 nanoparticles presenting the effects of calcination and the weight ratio of TiO2:FeCl3 (1:0.33–1:4.5). The photocatalytic activity of the nanomaterials was investigated by decolorizing Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in an aqueous solution. The main results showed that there is anatase-to-rutile transformation after the calcination process. The Fe-doped process modified the TiO2 spectrum and showed a connection in the Ti–O–Fe vibration. The particle size is within the nanometer range, between 20–51 nm, except for calcined TiO2. The inclusion of Fe in TiO2 decreased the band gap energy from 3.16 (reference) up to 2.06 eV (1:3). Additionally, after the calcination, there was a decrease in this value from 3.03 eV (reference) up to 1.95 eV (1:1.6). The TiO2, with a ratio of (1:1.6), showed the highest activity in the photocatalytic degradation of RhB with an efficiency of 93.8% after 3 h of irradiation.

Enhancement of water soluble PDI-NapSO3H on the photocatalytic performance of Fe-TiO2 under visible light

In this paper, we successfully constructed two composite photocatalysts TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H and Fe-TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H by utilizing water-soluble PDI derivatives to bond with TiO2 or iron-doped TiO2. Their photocatalytic performance to degrade phenol and diclofenac sodium (DCF) under visible light were investigated. The results show that PDI-NapSO3H can effectively improve the optical absorption properties of TiO2. Furthermore, the oxygen vacancy produced by doping of Fe in TiO2 prevents the recombination of photogenerated carriers effectively. The larger conjugate plane of PDI-NapSO3H provides a convenient channel for the migration and separation of photogenerated carriers. Thus almost 99 % of phenol or DCF can be degraded by Fe-TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H within 90 or 120 min, respectively. However, the photocatalytic activity of Fe-TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H is better. The rate of phenol degradation is much higher than that of TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H. Further, through the photoelectric response characteristic analysis, radical trapping experiment and EPR test, the effects mechanism of the energy band structure, photogenerated carrier separation efficiency on the photocatalytic performance of Fe-TiO2@PDI-NapSO3H were discussed. In addition, the possible degradation pathways of DCF and the reasons for the obvious reduction of environmental toxicity after photocatalytic degradation were proposed.

Role of Eu and Fe in TiO2 for magneto-opto-electronic applications

Role of Eu and Fe in TiO2 for magneto-opto-electronic applications

Visible light assisted photocatalytic degradation of Indigo Carmine dye and NO2 removal by Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles

A simple sol-gel method was employed to synthesize Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles with a controlled mole percentage of Fe. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by several standard analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) of pure and Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles confirm the anatase phase, which is further confirmed by Raman analysis. The change in the morphology and structural modification of the material by doping concentration of Fe in TiO2 is confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images and FTIR study respectively. The size and shape of nanoparticles were determined by High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). The energy bandgap and recombination rate of charge carriers were studied by Optical absorption and Photoluminescence (PL) measurements respectively. Photocatalytic activity of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated through degradation of Indigo Carmine (IC) dye under visible light illumination. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) measurement was done to determine the degree of mineralization of IC-dye on photodegradation. In addition, the Photocatalytic performance of FeT_2 photocatalyst for nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) removal was evaluated under visible light irradiation and found to be very effective for NO2 removal.

Structural Properties of Iron/Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-gel Method in the Presence of Poly(ethylene glycol)

Iron/Titanium oxide nanoparticles with initial molar ratio Fe/(Fe+Ti) = 0.05 (low loading of Fe in TiO2) and Fe/(Fe+Ti) = 0.15 (high loading of Fe in TiO2) were synthesized by a modified sol-gel procedure using Ti(IV)-isopropoxide, FeSO4 ∙ 7H2O and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as starting material. The amount of doped iron strongly affected structural properties as well as the degree of dispersion of iron in the Fe- Ti-O system. The highly-doped sample contained poorly crystallized hydrated iron(III)- sulphates or basic iron(III)-sulphates in a considerable amount. The lowly-doped Fe-TiO2 sample contained about 22 wt % of brookite that had taken up iron virtually in the same proportion as anatase. Contrary to quasi- homogeneous distributions of iron in the lowly- doped Fe-TiO2 sample, the uptake of iron in the highly-doped Fe-TiO2 sample heated at 500 °C is significant, but anatase is free from iron, thus suggesting a heterogeneous distribution of iron. The photocatalytic activity of the highly-doped Fe-TiO2 sample was better than that of the lowly-doped Fe-TiO2 sample, but still below the photoactivity of Degussa P25 reference photocatalyst.

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of doped TiO2 nano-particles: Characterization and comparison of effectiveness for photocatalytic oxidation of dyestuff effluent

The present work deals with the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles doped with Fe and Ce using sonochemical approach and its comparison with the conventional doping method. The prepared samples have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–visible spectra (UV–vis). The effectiveness of the synthesized catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet dye has also been investigated considering crystal violet degradation as the model reaction. It has been observed that the catalysts prepared by sonochemical method exhibit higher photocatalytic activity as compared to the catalysts prepared by the conventional methods. Also the Ce-doped TiO2 exhibits maximum photocatalytic activity followed by Fe-doped TiO2 and the least activity was observed for only TiO2. The presence of Fe and Ce in the TiO2 structure results in a significant absorption shift towards the visible region. Detailed investigations on the degradation indicated that an optimal dosage with 0.8 mol% doping of Ce and 1.2 mol% doping of Fe in TiO2 results in higher extents of degradation. Kinetic studies also established that the photocatalytic degradation followed the pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. Overall it has been established that ultrasound assisted synthesis of doped photocatalyst significantly enhances the photocatalytic activity.

Study of valence band structure of Fe doped anatase TiO2 thin films

We study the structural and electronic properties of Fe doped (4–8 at. %) and undoped TiO2 thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition on Si(111) substrate. The films grow in single phase anatase structure of TiO2 as revealed by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements. The Fe doped films reveal room temperature magnetic hysteresis behavior. We have probed the electronic environment of Fe in TiO2 matrix and its coupling to the cations, using photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Photoelectron spectroscopic studies reveal the ionic state of Fe in TiO2, precluding the formation of Fe metal clusters. Valence band spectra of these films suggest that it primarily consists of O-2p derived state, however, Fe derived state is also observed in Fe doped films. Resonance photoelectron spectroscopy studies indicate that Fe ions are hybridized with Ti3+ defect states.

An Investigation of the Effect of SiC Reinforcement Coating on the Wettability of Al/SiC System

In this study, the wetting behavior of oxide and metallic coated SiC substrate with Al—Si—Mg alloy has been investigated. SiC substrate and particles were coated with SiO2, TiO2, and metallic Ni by using thermo-chemical treatment, sol-gel and electroless coating techniques, respectively. Also, the effect of doping elements (Ni, Cu and Fe in TiO2 coating) on the wettability has been investigated. Coatings were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, and by means of surface roughness. Contact angle results demonstrate that metallic Ni coating significantly improves the wettability. However, doping elements did not alter the results due to their detrimental effect on surface roughness.