FDI Variables Research Articles

Quality Economic Growth: Is It Possible to Achieve by An Archipelago Area?

The purpose of this study, the researcher uses descriptive and verifiable analysis methods. Verifiable analysis through panel data regression analysis, by choosing the best approach from the Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model or Random Effect Model. The research variables consisted of natural resource factors (F_SDA) in the primary sector which were proxied from the contribution of the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors as well as the mining and quarrying sector to GDP, Foreign Investment (FDI), Government Expenditure (Blj_P), Average School Length (R_LS), Population Growth (Pert_Pduk) as free variables and Economic Growth (Pert_Ek) and Employment Opportunity Rate (TKK). Secondary data was obtained from BPS, the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, SatuData of the Ministry of Manpower. The type of data is panel data that was studied during the time period 2010 to 2019. The results of the study show that relatively high economic growth in areas with archipelagic characteristics does not have an impact on increasing employment opportunities. The F_SDA and FDI variables have no effect on economic growth in archipelagic areas, the Blj_P variables are influential and significant, while Pert_Pduk have an effect but not significantly on economic growth in archipelagic areas. The human resource factor variable that is proxied from the average of a long time (R_LS) has an effect but is negative and significant on economic growth in the archipelago. Overall, from this study, it was found that economic growth in the archipelago during the period from 2010 to 2019 was not of good quality.

Dynamic nexus among fossil fuels utilization, economic growth, and urbanization: a tri-regional selected countries analysis.

There are worldwide growing concerns about environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. Moreover, it is expected that there will be regional differences in environmental issues. Therefore, this study focuses on a tri-regional comparison: America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. Previous literature has paid less attention to exploring regional comparisons while considering regional heterogeneity. Against this backdrop, this study delves into the dynamic relationship between fossil fuel utilization, economic growth, globalization, urbanization, and CO2 emissions to understand the environmental implications of these interconnected factors. The study period spans from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, it employed rigorous tests to confirm cross-sectional dependence and data heterogeneity, following methodologies proposed by Pesaran (2004, 2015) and Pesaran (2007), utilizing the CS-ARDL panel cointegration methodology by Chudik and Pesaran (2015). The results confirm long-term significant relationships among OC, NGC, FDI, and UR variables in both combined panels, with and without regional dummies. However, GDP and COC become insignificant in the long run in the dummy variables regression. Furthermore, the regional dummies were found to be negative but remain insignificant, possibly due to heterogeneous effects or unobserved factors influencing each region independently. Analysis by region reveals predominant coal consumption in Asia, higher oil consumption in America, and greater gas consumption in Europe. Economic growth and CO2 emissions are positive in Asia and America but negative in Europe, aligning with theories prioritizing growth over environmental concerns in Asia and America, and advocating for renewable energy adoption in Europe. Urbanization increases energy demand and emissions, supporting the environmental revolution theory, while FDI holds the potential to reduce CO2 emissions, as per the endogenous growth theory.

The Effect Of Economic Growth And Inflation On Value Added Tax Revenue In ASEAN Countries With Foreign Direct Investment As a Moderation

Goods and Services Tax or also known as Value Added Tax is one of the taxation systems implemented by many countries around the world. The VAT system has been implemented in most ASEAN member countries with various rates. This study aims to analyze the effect of economic growth and inflation on VAT revenue in ASEAN countries in the period 2012 to 2019. In addition, this study will also examine the effect of foreign investment as a moderating variable. The analysis method used is panel data multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the GDP and FDI variables had a positive and significant effect on VAT revenue and the CPI variable had a negative and significant effect on VAT revenue. Furthermore, FDI weakens the relationship between economic growth and VAT revenue and FDI does not affect the relationship between inflation and VAT revenue. Due to the limited availability of data, it is expected that future research can use more comprehensive and up-to-date data so that it can be more accurate and relevant in analyzing the factors that affect VAT revenue in ASEAN countries.

The Impact of Renewable Energy Consumption on Economic Growth in BRIC-T Countries: Panel Data Analysis

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth in BRIC-T countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and Turkiye). In doing that, we consider gross fixed capital formation, trade openess, and foreignd direct investment as control variables. The Driscoll & Kraay estimator is used in the study in which both panel-wide and country-based analysis is performed using data for the period 1990-2020. According to the panel results, renewable energy consumption, trade openness and FDI variables are statistically insignificant. When countries are analyzed separately, the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth varies. Accordingly, it has a negative effect in China, India, Russia and a positive effect in Brazil and Turkiye. However, it is statistically significant only in India and Turkiye. In all countries, the increase in gross fixed capital formation has a positive effect on growth and is statistically significant. The effect of trade openness on growth is statistically significant in Brazil (positive), China (positive) and India (negative). FDI is statistically significant only in China and Turkiye. FDI affects growth negatively in China and positively in Turkiye.

PENGARUH PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DAN FDI INDONESIA DENGAN AMERIKA, CHINA, DAN JEPANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA

The purpose of this research is to look at the effect of international trade and FDI from America, China, and Japan on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 2000 – 2021. The data used in this research is secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Data from the World Bank and the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) are in the form of publications that can be accessed on the site. The analytical tool used in this study is a type of quantitative research, namely with multiple linear regression. The research method used in this study is the "Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method". The test results using OLS show that together the net-export and FDI variables have a significant effect on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While partially, net-exports have a negative and insignificant effect on Indonesia's gross domestic product. Meanwhile, FDI has a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's gross domestic product.

Strategi Penentuan Kebijakan Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Civitas Akademika Dalam Penerapan Kampus Hijau di Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

CO2 emissions are a serious problem that has a direct impact on the environment. Therefore, this paper aims to look at the short and longterm effects of the variables economic growth (GDP), number of industries (JI), foreign investment (FDI) and poverty (KM) on CO2 emissions in Indonesia. Questionnaires were given to 100 academic community respondents, consisting of; lecturers, staff and students at Muhammadiyah University of Riau. This research uses Error Correction Model (ECM) method analysis for the period 1995 to 2019. Empirical results show that the GDP, JI and FDI variables have a significant effect on CO2 emissions, while the poverty variable does not have a significant effect on CO2 emissions in both the short and long term. 1995-2019 in Indonesia.

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Financial Institution Performance in Nigeria: A Study of Jos Metroplolitan City of Plateau State

Financial institutions are confronted thru gradually keen opposition and increasing effect of supervisory necessities, financial plus high-tech innovations, influential grief and new dares which have melodramatic effects on their concerts. The ambition of this paper is to examine impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study was grounded on three theories (revenue maximization principle, pecking order theory and Internationalization Model) in relation FDI performance. This study employs a survey design because which aimed at establishing effects of the variables of independence on dependent variable, population of this study was based on 10 selected financial institution operating in Jos Metropolitan city of Plateau Nigeria as at 1^st January, 2022. Each bank is represented by its Chief finance officer (CFO). Primary data and secondary data was obtained thru yearly financial statement of selected financial institution through the respective Chief finance officers also, books, journals and publications, while primary data was obtained via questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The results reveled that that FDI variables indicates a strong impact on financial institution performance among Nigeria financial institutions, it recommends that solid framework ought to be set up in order to curtails bottle neck and other issues in relation to FDI among Financial institution performance. The study concludes FDI with financial institutions transaction be able to be intermediated thru its dimensions (Foreign exchange, Capital adequacy, Equity capital and Reinvested foreign earning).

Analysis of Macro Economic Influence on Indonesian Trade

This study aims to analyze the influence of macroeconomic factors on Indonesia's international trade. The variables in this study are trade values, exchange rates, exports, imports, Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), Gross Domestic Income (GDP), and foreign investment (FDI). The method used in this study is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The VECM method is used in the analysis of long- and short-term relationships. The relationship studied is between the independent and dependent variables in the time series data. To find out the long-term relationship in research, researchers must analyze through the cointegration equation on the VECM test results. The data used in this study is time series data for 1991-2020 taken from World Development Indicators and the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. Based on the results of the short-term analysis of the GFCF variable, imports and exports have no effect on the value of trade in Indonesia. While the FDI, GDP and import variables have a significant effect on the value of trade. In the long term, the variables of exchange rates, imports, GFCF, and FDI have a positive and significant effect on the value of trade in Indonesia.

Effect of Foreign Investmentiand Domestic Investment to Regional Income in Sumatra Provincewest

Regional income seen from GRDP canadescribe the economicsbgrowthnof avregions. thebhigh levelbof economicsagrowth as indicatedbby thevhigh GRDPbvalue indicatesbthat thenregion isbexperiencing progressbin thexeconomy.aSources of receipt of Regional Income in West Sumatra Province are influencedcby Investmentafactors, bothafrom PMAaand PMDN on Regional Income.athexproblemninnthisvstudybis howbthe influencenof FDI and PMDN on regional income in West Sumatra Province. thenpurpose ofsthis researchbis to findcout hownmuch influencebFDI and PMDN haveton Regional Incomebin WestbSumatra Province.athis research isva quantitativearesearch withnsecondary databin the 2000-2021 observationsbperiod. Databcollection inbthisnstudy used thendocumentation method for the realization of FDI and PMDN, the amount of Gross Regional Domestic Product obtained from BPS,athe collected data was analyzed usingbmultiple linear regression analysis. Overallathe results of multiple linearnregressionaanalysis and hypothesis testing can be concluded that partially (T test) Foreign Investment (X1) has a significantaeffect on Regional Income with a significant value of 0.049 <0.05 and with at count value of 2.101 > t table 2.09302 . While Domestic Investment (X2) with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05 and a t-count value of 6.195 > t-table 2.09302 so from these results it can be concluded that Domestic Investment has a significant effect on Regional Income. And simultaneously (Test F) shows a significant result of 0.000 <0.05, which means that the FDI and PMDN variables simultaneously influence Regional Income. With a Determinant Coefficient (R Square) of 0.745, which meansbthat the influence caused by theathe independent variables in this case explaining Regional Income is 74.5%.

Analysis of Implementation Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) Toward Export Value Growth in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) bilateral trade agreement on Indonesia's export value in the long term. The secondary data time series used for the research is from 2005Q1 to 2019Q4, and the research method employed is the VECM (Vector Error Correction Model). The results of the VECM analysis show that the IJEP bilateral agreement has a significant negative effect, the inflation variable has a significant positive effect, and the FDI and exchange rate variables have a negative but not significant effect on the value of Indonesia's exports to Japan. Implementation of the recommended policies to increase export value and economic growth, namely compliance with product standardization, especially for destination countries, actively and openly providing information related to the IJEPA tariff scheme and utilizing capacity building.

How does two-way FDI affect China’s green technology innovation?

ABSTRACT As China enters a new stage of opening up, the two-way FDI will affect the efficiency of technological innovation, which is significant to alleviate the current dilemma of resource exhaustion. In this paper, we analyze the effects of two-way FDI and other variables on green technology innovation based on the Granger test, coupling coordination model and fixed effect model, and further study the nonlinear effects with the financial development level as the threshold variable. The obtained results indicated that: (1) There is an interactive relationship between IFDI and OFDI, and two-way FDI can produce a greater positive synergy effect, with regional heterogeneity. (2) Urbanization level, property protection and government support have a positive effect on the promotion of green technology innovation. (3) The advanced industrial structure plays a suppressive role. (4) The impact of two-way FDI on China’s green technology innovation level has a double threshold effect.

Impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria: A study of Jos Metropolitan City of Plateau State

Financial institutions are faced with increasingly keen competition and rising costs as a result of regulatory requirements, financial and technological innovations, institutional distress and other challenges which have dramatic effects on their performances. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study was grounded in profit maximization theory in relation to FDI performance. This study employs a survey design aimed at establishing the effects of the variables of foreign direct investment as the independent variable on financial institution performance as the dependent variable. The population of this study was based on 10 selected financial institutions operating in Jos Metropolitan city of Plateau Nigeria as at 1st January 2022. Each bank is represented by its Chief finance officer (CFO). Primary data and secondary data were collected from the annual financial statement of selected financial institutions through the respective Chief finance officers also, books, journals and publications, while primary data was collected through questionnaire, while the scope dwells on the deposit money banks in Jos, Plateau State. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the FDI variables indicate a strong impact on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study recommends that a solid framework should be set up in order to curtail bottlenecks and other issues in relation to FDI among Financial institution performance. The study concludes that FDI in relation to financial institutions’ transactions can be intermediated by its dimensions (Foreign exchange).

ANALISIS PENGARUH EKSPOR, JUMLAH PENDUDUK, DAN INVESTASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

One of the economic indicators that can be used as a benchmark for people's welfare in a country is economic growth. Economic growth can be defined as an increase in demand for products and services, the results of which will lead to an increase in national income. This study aims to determine the effect of exports, population, and foreign direct investment on economic growth in Indonesia in 1990-2019. This analysis uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method because there is cointegration in the VAR test. In this research, the data source used is secondary data. The results of the analysis show that the export and FDI variables have a significant long-term effect on economic growth, while the population variable has no long-term effect on economic growth.

Foreign direct investment and macroeconomic factors: evidence from Indian economy

The World Investment Report for 2017 released by UNCTAD projected that FDI inflows to developing Asian countries will increase by 15% in 2017, to $515 billion. With a boost in investor confidence in the economic outlook in major Asian economies, India is the second most preferred destination in the world as regards FDI inflows. This paper examines the relationship between FDI and macroeconomic factors, like, GDP, FER, employment, exports, and GCF for the period 1978-1979 to 2016-2017. Techniques like augmented Dickey-Fuller test, multivariate regression analysis Johansen's co-integration test, impulse response analysis and Chow breakpoint test, multiple breakpoint test and Bai-Perron sequentially determined breaks test are used. The findings suggest that there is a significant correlation between FDI and the macroeconomic factors. The results of Johansen's co-integration test reveal that there is a long run causal relationship between FDI and other variables.

Analisis Utang Pemerintah, PMA, Ekspor, Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dengan Pendekatan Panel VAR

This study aims to determine the causality relationship between variables, impulse response and variance decomposition of sources of development financing for a country in Asia from macroeconomic variables, namely government debt, foreign investment (FDI), exports, inflation and economic growth using the Panel VAR method and the operation of the STATA software. The impulse response results show that the shock of the government debt variable and inflation was responded positively by the economic growth variable. FDI and export variables responded negatively by the economic growth variable. The results of variance decomposition show that the export variable is a driving factor for economic growth in the Asian region.

Analisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Jumlah Industri, Penanaman Modal Asing Dan Kemiskinan Terhadap Emisi Co2 Di Indonesia

CO2 emission is a serious problem that has a direct impact on the environment. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the short-term and long-term effects on the variables of economic growth (GDP), number of industries (JI), foreign investment (FDI) and poverty (KM) on CO2 emissions in Indonesia. This study uses an analysis of the Error Correction Model (ECM) method in the period 1995 to 2019. The empirical results show that the GDP, JI and FDI variables have a significant effect on CO2 emissions while the KM variable has no significant effect on CO2 emissions in both the short and long term in 1995-2019 in Indonesia.

Review of studies on FDI: The case of Baltic States

The authors reviewed the foreign direct investment in Baltic countries. The theoretical part of the paper systemizes essential driving forces (elements) of FDI studies and the methods most common in FDI studies; the hierarchy of qualitative methods and models is presented. Three-tier methodology is suggested. The first tier (or level) represents a mathematical approach towards interconnections between FDI variables. The second tier of methodology is dedicated to sector analysis and benchmarking. The third tier targets revising economic variables and their links with variables representing FDI. The suggested approach could be applied for similar analysis. The authors have constructed a correlation matrix. The results of the analyzed variables via the dynamic regression approach show that the strongest links among variables appeared in several-year periods. The obtained results may have significant policy implication.

The Impact of Economic Growth and Trade Openness on Environmental Degradation: Evidence from A Panel of ASEAN Countries

Global warming and climate change show a decrease in environmental quality. The main cause of global warming is the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). This study aims to analyze the effect of economic growth and economic openness on environmental quality in ASEAN countries from 2010 to 2019. This research uses a panel data analysis method. The analysis results show that the variable economic growth has a negative and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Meanwhile, the variables used for economic openness are exports, imports, and FDI. Export and FDI variables have a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions, but there is no effect on imports. This study also used population variables as control variables and the result is there is no effect on CO2. Based on the results, it is necessary to have a carbon emission reduction policy for ASEAN countries using environmentally friendly technology.

Determinants of Tax Revenue: A Comparison Between ASEAN-7 Plus China And 8- European Countries

The aim of this paper is analyzing the level ratio of tax revenue and GDP depending on different consumer behaviors between two groups of countries: ASEAN-7 plus China (called the Eastern) and eight European countries (called the Western). The study applied the Feasible Generalized Least Square model to confirm the robustness of the Panel Corrected Standard Errors model, and the results indicate that all countries have a positive association between tax revenue with the human capital and FDI variables. In addition, in the Eastern, forest area and broad money has a statistically significantly positive impact on tax revenue while gross savings has a negative one. Further, the Western witnessed the positive impact with gross savings while broad money variables lead to a decrease in tax revenue. The major results indicate that in the East, the Governments should focus on how to improve their taxation by promoting the broad money - M2 and expanding the forest area as well as support their consumers spending more instead of saving. In contrast, European countries try to reduce the M2, encouraging their consumers to save more. The Eastern and Western governments may control natural and demographic determinants aimed to support taxation and sustainable economic growth.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE IN 2015-2020

The study aims to determine the impact of GRDP, PMDN, and FDI on job opportunities in West Java Province, either partially or simultaneously. This study used a quantitative research method which was conducted from January to June 2022. The data used came from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) www.bps.go.id. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Processing flow the collected data is processed with SPSS version 20 and data testing is carried out, namely: Classical Assumption Test, Model Test, and Hypothesis Test. The results showed that GRDP had an effect on employment opportunities as evidenced by t count (17.485) > t-table (4.30265) and Sig count (0.003) < 0.05. PMDN affects the number of workers needed, t-count (133.218) > t-table (4.30265), and Sig count (0.000) < 0.05. Likewise, foreign investment has an effect on the required workforce with t-count (22.762) > t-table (4.30265) and Sig count (0.002) < 0.05. Gross Regional Domestic Product, Domestic Investment, and Foreign Investment have a simultaneous effect on employment opportunities, with F count (6247.864) > F table (19.00) and Sig count (0.000) < 0.05. So it can be stated that the GRDP, PMDN, and FDI variables simultaneously have a significant effect on the employment opportunity variable.