Fatehabad District Research Articles

Work profile of female sweepers in Hisar and Fatehabad district

Work profile of female sweepers in Hisar and Fatehabad district

Analysis of health hazards and biokinetics of uranium due to ingestion of groundwater in Fatehabad district of Haryana, India

Analysis of health hazards and biokinetics of uranium due to ingestion of groundwater in Fatehabad district of Haryana, India

Conservation of two freshwater turtle species in the Guru Gorakhnath Community Reserve in Western Haryana, India

The active involvement of local communities in conservation efforts is pivotal in ensuring the long-term protection and preservation of our natural environment. In the village of Kajalheri, located in Fatehabad district, the environmentally conscious Bishnoi community has been engaged in the conservation of the Indian soft-shell turtle (Nilssonia gangetica) population in the village pond for nearly a century. As a testament to their efforts, the pond was officially designated as a community reserve in 2019 to safeguard these turtles. Previously, the Indian soft-shell turtle was the sole known species inhabiting this small pond. However, our observations from 2021 to 2023 have revealed the presence of two additional turtle species, namely the Indian tent turtle (Pangshura tentoria) and the Indian roofed turtle (Pangshura tecta). No study on freshwater turtles specific to the Haryana region has been carried out. Therefore, baseline data on the diversity and distribution of freshwater turtles is scanty in the state. This scientific inquiry provides valuable insights into effective habitat management strategies and instils hope for identifying similar sites within the forest-deficient state of Haryana.

Enhancing Soil Health and Sustainability: The Impact of Melia Dubia-based Agroforestry in a Semi-Arid Region of Haryana, India

This study investigates the impact of a Melia dubia-based agroforestry system on soil properties in Gillan Khera, Fatehabad district, located in the semi-arid region of Haryana. Soil samples were collected from a 7-year-old plantation with a 3m × 3m spacing, where three oat varieties were intercropped. Parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon, soil moisture, and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were analysed at depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm. Results revealed a decrease in soil pH and EC under trees, with values decreasing from 8.09 to 7.89 and 0.46 to 0.44 dSm-1, respectively. However, intercropped conditions exhibited higher levels of nitrogen (131.38 kg/ha), phosphorus (16.00 kg/ha), potassium (301.10 kg/ha), and organic carbon (0.46%) at both soil depths. Additionally, there was more soil moisture under the plantation. These findings suggest a positive correlation between tree growth and soil health. The study recommends the Melia dubia-based agroforestry system as a promising approach for enhancing soil fertility and promoting environmental sustainability.

Comparative Investigation on Usage of E-resourses in Degree Colleges of Fatehabad, Haryana

This study endeavours to explore key aspects related to the use of electronic information resources, examining their influence on the utilization of both print and electronic sources, user awareness, and the preferred locations for accessing these resources. Conducted at different colleges of Fatehabad district of Haryana, the survey involved 100 participants who responded through a questionnaire. The results highlight a discernible pattern of users actively engaging with electronic resources, with increased awareness playing a significant role in encouraging their extensive use. Users predominantly choose departmental facilities and home environments for accessing information. Notably, the study reveals a tangible impact of electronic resources, evident in the decline of printed document usage and a simultaneous increase in the consumption of electronic materials. This underscores a notable shift towards the greater utilization of e-resources, marking a transition from traditional printed materials to electronic formats.

Attitude Scale for Assessing Farmers’ Attitude toward Drip Irrigation

Due to the unavailability of an appropriate scale regarding farmers’ attitude toward drip irrigation technology, the need to develop a scale was acknowledged and an attempt was made to construct a Likert’s Summated Rating scale. A total of 72 items were collected with the help of literature review and were screened during 2024 based on 14-point criteria suggested by Edward (1957). A total of fifty-nine assertions were chosen, and data were collected through Google form which was sent to seventy-four specialists through email and by visiting to the professors and scientists in the university. A set of statements were eliminated and the remaining ones were chosen for item analysis based on the answers provided by the 30 experts and then it was administered to 30 farmers of Fatehabad district in Haryana. The scale’s reliability was tested using the odd-even method, and the reliability coefficient was 0.806. The content validity was used to assess the scale’s validity. In the end, the finalized scale had 30 items (18 positive and 12 negative).

Evaluating the Dynamics of Mycorrhizal Populations and Wilt Severity in Chili Cultivation Regions

Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are a widely cultivated spice and vegetable globally, with their origins rooted in Mexico. The primary diseases impacting chili production encompass Anthracnose, Phytophthora, Leaf blight, Fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, damping-off, and root rot, among others. In recent years, there has been a growing concern surrounding Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This study aimed to investigate the fluctuations in mycorrhizal populations and the severity of wilt in chili farming regions within the state during the 2017-18 growing season. In each district, ten fields were examined, with two to three fields representing each village. The most substantial mycorrhizal colonization rate and the number of sporocarps in the soil were identified in Mahendragarh, with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 17.3% and 260 sporocarps per 200 g of soil. Fatehabad district followed with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 13.1% and 182 sporocarps per 200g of soil. The lowest values were recorded in Hisar district, with a mycorrhizal colonization rate of 11.5% and 138 sporocarps per 200g of soil. Wilt severity was most pronounced in Fatehabad district at 7.9%, followed by Mahendragarh at 7.3%, and was least severe in Hisar at 5.2%.

A Study on Convergent Action at the Grassroots during COVID-19 Pandemic

The ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic brought certain circumstances which were never witnessed at such a scale. The response to this Pandemic was with strategically choreographed convergent action across different levels of both the government sector and non-government sector. This paper examines and documents the experiences of field functionaries like Anganwadi Workers, ASHA workers and Field Functionaries of State Rural Livelihood Mission during this Pandemic. This paper is based on Qualitative Research conducted with the tool of Narrative Analysis where the experiences of respondents from Fatehabad District, Birbhum, and Uttar Dinajpur Districts in West Bengal were documented. The sampling process done to select specific respondents was done purposively (purposive sampling). Anganwadi Workers and ASHA Workers under usual circumstances do practice convergent action among themselves but during the process of institutional quarantine in rural settings, the inter-departmental convergence was evident because field functionaries of various in-line departments have proven to be a significant success. Moreover, the service-delivery component under different schemes has been modified relatively. SHG Groups which has been primarily viewed concerning micro-finance or credit has played a role in multiple domains with service delivery, market production. Convergence has been a contemporary highlighted concern in social work and development practice.

Adoption of Agricultural Technology and Socio Economic Impact of Super Straw Management System in Haryana, India

Super straw management system is a machine in which an additional equipment attached with combine harvester so it cut standing stubble in small pieces on the soil surface in which crop harvesting and residue management both can be done in a single operation. A research involving 120 farmers who were adopters (60 adopters) and non adopters (60 non adopters) of the Super straw Management system was conducted in rural areas of the Fatehabad district of the Indian state of Haryana in 2021–2022. This paper's main goal is to investigate Super Straw Management System adoption as a viable, innovative solution to rice residue burning in rice-wheat cropping systems, as well as the socioeconomic effects of adoption on farmer’s livelihoods. The reasons for not implementing the super straw management system were also evaluated. According to the findings, medium adoption of SMS was discovered among farmers (41.67%), followed by low adoption among farmers (38.33%) and high adoption among just 20% of the farmers. Factors like age, size of land holding, size of family, annual income, participation in social organisations, media exposure, and socioeconomic status were found significantly associated with adoption of SMS among farmers. While caste, level of education, the family's secondary occupation, and the type of family were not found to be significant with farmers' adoption levels, Results about the reasons why the Super Straw Management System was not adopted clearly demonstrated that there is no alternative for ex-situ straw management while using SMS (rank I). At the same time, farmers (rank II) did not show a readiness to pay additional custom charges. More than 3/5 of the respondents agreed that conventional combines are easily available for hiring (rank III); combine harvesters with SMS used more fuel (3 to 3.25 l/ha) and required higher engine power (8–10 hp) than conventional combine harvesters. Cumulative socio-economic impact of SMS was reported increased with respect to increase in decision making powers which is ranked Ist, followed by increased in extension contacts (IInd rank) and change in attitude for quality education of children (IIIrd rank).

Analysis of Women’s Economic Engagement in the Agricultural Economy and Factor Affecting it: A Case Study of Fatehabad District of Haryana State

Abstract Subject and purpose of work: The study analysed women’s contribution to agricultural activities in small, medium and large farm sizes and also examined the socio-economic factors that affect women’s participation in the agricultural sector. Materials and methods: The study is entirely based on primary data collected from a field survey with the help of a pre-structured questionnaire. A simple tabulated method and multiple regression method has been employed to make conclusions. Results: The study has revealed that the participation of women in the agricultural sector is the highest in the small and medium farm size and selected socio-economic variables explain the 85.4% association with women’s participation in the selected area. Conclusions: The study concluded that employment-wise participation of the respondent’s decreases with the increase in farm size and the relationship between women’s participation and farm size, family income and education is statistically significant.

Distribution and correlation of Soil bacterial population and chemical properties in salt affected landuses of Kaithal and Fatehabad district of Haryana

This study attempts to examine the relationship between soil bacterial population and physico-chemical properties of soil in Kaithal and Fatehabad district of Haryana. Soil pH in the study ranged from 7.7 to 10.32 in the selected sites. EC in the study ranged from 200 to 1780 μS/m at 25 °C. Organic carbon ranged from 0.10 to 1.32% in the present study. Majority of soil samples showed medium status of available nitrogen which ranged from 0.0005 to 0.02%. Soil phosphorus is most available for plant use at pH values of 6 to 7. Potassium content ranged from 0.001 to 0.05%. The present study revealed that bacteria isolated from bottom segment showed higher growth rate in anaerobic condition. A decreasing trend of total microbial population and organic carbon content of soil were found with increase in depth. The maximum number of bacterial colonies was observed at the depth of 0-30 cm. Gram’s staining Revealed that 0-30 cm depth was occupied by majority of Gram negative bacteria in Haryana. 30-60 cm depth was analyzed, there was a slight but significant difference in the bacterial population and majority were Gram positive. Simultaneously there was less variation with respect to colony morphology and pigment production as compared to the depth of 0-30 cm.

222Rn Activity Concentration Measurement and its Radiological Risks in the Environment of Barserin Village, Erbil-Iraq

222Rn Activity Concentration Measurement and its Radiological Risks in the Environment of Barserin Village, Erbil-Iraq

Physical activity pattern and life style habits among rural and urban diabetic subjects

The present study was carried out at Fatehabad district of Haryana State to study physical activity pattern and life style habits among rural and urban diabetic subjects. Two hundred subjects (male and female) between the age of 40-60 years and who were suffering from non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) for more than 6 months or above were selected randomly on the basis of their medical report (fasting and post prandial blood glucose level) from various Government and Private hospitals. It was observed that highest per cent of rural as well as urban respondents reported onset of diabetes between the age of 41-50 years. Most of the respondents (47% rural and 40% urban) had been suffering from diabetes for last 6-10 years. Majority (42% rural and 48% urban) had fasting blood glucose between 121-200 mg/100ml. Average fasting blood glucose was 166.51mg/100ml. Eight per cent of rural and fifteen per cent of urban respondents depicted very poor control and had post prandial blood glucose more than 300 mg/100ml.Majority (66 per cent of rural and 89 per cent of urban respondents) were involved in sedentary occupation and were not spending time (54% rural and 35% urban) on any kind of exercise. Fifty-four per cent of rural respondents and 63 per cent of urban respondents had family history of diabetes. Of the total, 26 per cent of rural and 17 per cent of urban respondents were consuming alcohol. Thirty-six per cent of rural and 18 per cent of urban respondents were regular smokers. It can be concluded that urban respondents are maintaining healthier eating habits, healthier lifestyle and are also showing better management of blood sugar control as compared to rural counterparts. There is need of more awareness in both rural and urban areas for better management of diabetes.

A Comparative Study on Educational Aspiration and Parental Encouragement among Rural and Urban High School Children

Adolescence is the time of transition from childhood dependence to early adulthood freedom and responsibility. Educational aspiration is explained as a psychological construct, which reflects a cognitive type of motivation of the individual. Educational aspiration reflects educational goals an individual set for himself/herself. Parental encouragement is the inspiration or extra-boosting given by the parents to the children for their active involvement in academic life. The present study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Hisar and Fatehabad district of Haryana state. The sample of study included 120 respondents from Hisar and 120 from Fatehabad district, thus total sample comprised of 240 respondents. Educational Aspiration Scale by Sharma and Gupta (2015) was used to assess educational aspiration and Parental Encouragement Scale by Sharma (1997) was used to assess parental encouragement of students.
 The results of study revealed that majority of respondents belonged to moderate category of educational aspirations and majority of respondents perceived moderate level of parental encouragement. There were significant differences in educational aspirations and parental encouragement of children from rural and urban area. In urban area, respondents had significantly greater educational aspiration and parental encouragement as compared to respondents from rural area.

Model of convergence of stakeholders for mastitis control in Murrah buffaloes

A model of convergence was developed and tested for mastitis control at village level in Murrah buffaloes. Village Chindar of Fatehabad district of Haryana was selected purposively. For this study 100 farmers who were registered members of the milk cooperative society and were contributing milk daily, were purposively selected. Freshly calved buffaloes (100) from December, 2018 to February, 2019 owned by these farmers were selected randomly for this study. As per the plan of work for testing the model, different types of interventions were made by multiple agencies collaborating together for testing the model. In this study, 400 milk samples of 100 healthy buffaloes were tested for somatic cell count (SCC) by california mastitis test (CMT) and milk culture analysis. Culturally positive samples were treated according to antibiotic sensitivity test (ABST) report. Besides interventions like trainings, public health campaigns, demonstration of CMT to the farmers was done individually. The experiment was repeated after 60 days by testing the milk samples for SCC and treating culturally positive samples according to ABST report which lead to decrease in SCC to the tune of 32%.

Exploring the Factors of Social Exclusion: Empirical Study of Rural Haryana, India

The present study aims to explore the factors of social exclusion which are affecting scheduled castes most. Furthermore, it also presents the socio-economic condition of the scheduled castes. The current study was undertaken in the rural Haryana state of India. To attain the objectives, a well-structured interview schedule was framed to collect adequate data for analysis. Data were collected from the 486 rural scheduled castes household heads of the Fatehabad Block of the Fatehabad district of Haryana state using the purposive-cum-proportionate stratified sampling technique. Collected data were analysed with the help of the factor analysis technique. Identified factors by using factor analysis technique were the labour market, social relation, banking and finance, poverty, social environment and participation. Findings suggest that large sampled households have the lower socio-economic profile. Identified factors have a strong nexus with the poor socio-economic profile of the scheduled castes. Further, findings of the study also indicate that identified factors mutually reinforce each other and keep the trap of exclusion operative due to which scheduled castes continue to have poor socio-economic status in the society and largely remain excluded.

Towards Fine-Scale Yield Prediction of Three Major Crops of India Using Data from Multiple Satellite

There is enormous scope and prospective of crop yield prediction at finer scale for both farm-level crop management as well as for crop insurance settlement at gram panchayat (GP) level in India. Now with the advent of satellite sensors like the MSI from Sentilnel-2 with fine spatial resolution, the possibility of generating frequent information on crop condition at field scale is increasing. This study demonstrated the combined use of high-resolution data from Sentinel-2 (10 m and 20 m); moderate-resolution data from MODIS (500 m) and coarser-resolution radiation data from INSAT-3D (4 km) for estimating yield of three major crops of India at GP and taluka level using a semi-physical model based on crop-specific radiation use efficiency. The novelty of this study lies in the data fusion approach using parameters from multiple spatial resolution of Geostationary and Lower Earth Orbiting satellites within the basic semi-physical model framework. The methodology has been demonstrated in Cuttack district of Odisha for rice; Rajkot district of Gujarat for cotton; and Indore district of MP and Fatehabad district of Haryana for wheat. We validated our result at GP, taluka and district level. At GP level, the root mean square error (RMSE) was found to be 16.5% for rice and 5.8% for wheat in Indore district. At taluka level, the RMSE was found to be 15%, 5.7%, 4.4% and 7.4% for rice, wheat in Indore district, wheat in Fatehabad district and cotton, respectively. The study concluded that high resolution remote sensing data would be of immense use for finer scale yield estimation, which can be aggregated at GP and taluka level with satisfactory accuracy (p = 95%).

Assessment of Arsenic in Groundwater of Southwestern Haryana, India and Chemical Body Burden Caused by its Ingestion

Abstract This study was undertaken to quantify the naturally occurring arsenic in the groundwater and chemical body burden caused by its ingestion at some villages of Fatehabad district, Haryana, India. The arsenic levels in groundwater were quantified by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS). Arsenic concentration in the groundwater was found to be in the range of <0.05 to 4.53 μg L–1 which is within WHO and BIS acceptable limits (10 μg L–1). The significant positive correlation between pH - As (r=0.38**; P<0.01) showed that arsenic is more soluble in water at higher pH values. Oral arsenic exposure via groundwater ingestion ranged from <0.003 to 0.31 μg kg–1 day–1 which is significantly lower than WHO and BIS acceptable level (0.68 μg kg–1 day–1). The calculated non-cancer health risk was <1.0 which indicated that chemical burden caused by arsenic through drinking water in the study area is not a cause of concern. The calculated carcinogenic health risk was in the range of <5.06E-06 - 4.59E-04 which is slightly higher than acceptable limits.

MONITORING OF RICE CROP IN PUNJAB AND HARYANA WITH RESPECT TO RESIDUE BURNING

Abstract. This study is based on the fortnightly monitoring of residue burning in fields of kharif rice crops after harvesting in Punjab and Haryana. The kharif rice area (2018–19) was derived using multi-date Sentinel-1A(Microwave SAR) data under FASAL project. The expected harvesting dates of kharif rice (crop duration 140 days) are derived on the basis of transplanting dates (derived from SAR data), NDVI profiles and Ground truth data. Daily active crop fire events in Punjab and Haryana were taken from VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) product in the month of October and November 2018. It was observed from the study that the crop fire events showed a similar pattern as observed in expected harvest dates. Multi-date AWiFS data used to identify the crop residues- burnt areas during October and November 2018. The study reveals that maximum rice residue burning period is 2nd fortnight of October to 1st fortnight of November in both the states Punjab and Haryana. Maximum burning density was observed in the Mansa and Bhatinda district of Punjab and Fatehabad district of Haryana. In total 2.63 lakh ha burnt area was estimated in Haryana which is 20% of total kharif rice acreage while in Punjab it is 18.7 lakh ha (66% of total kharif rice acreage). Thus this study could show the relationship between the satellites derived harvesting dates and the spread of crop fire events. Monitoring of crop residue burning at regular intervals especially before each crop harvesting season to ensure effective implementation of proactive measures to curb the practice of burning of crop residue.

An Economic Analysis of Marketing of Mustard in Fatehabad District of Haryana

An Economic Analysis of Marketing of Mustard in Fatehabad District of Haryana