Fatalistic Attitudes Research Articles

Exploring the Relationship Between Time Perspective and Emerging Adulthood Traits Among Young Adults in Relation to Work Experience

Introduction. The work aims to study the manifestations of time perspective and the traits of emerging adulthood, as well as their interrelationships in young people with and without work experience. The relevance of the study is explained by the current trend towards infantilization of young people, expressed in the increase in the average age of the beginning of professional and family life. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the perspective of time and work experience are considered as the main predictors of increased manifestation of traits of emerging adulthood.Objective. Examine the relationships between the temporal perspective of personality and emerging adulthood traits in youth with and without work experience.Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, 47 people aged 18 to 25 years were interviewed, among whom 26 people had experience in professional activities and 21 people had no work experience. To achieve the goal of the study, the following techniques were used: the technique “Traits of emerging adulthood”, the technique “Level of infantilism expression”, the questionnaire “Time perspective of Zimbardo personality”, as well as the author’s questionnaire-questionnaire. The reliability of the results obtained is ensured by the use of statistical data processing methods.Results. Young people without work experience were found to be more oriented towards the present with a fatalistic and hedonistic attitude toward it. They are also more prone to experimentation, self-directedness, and an increase in some traits of infantilism compared to young people with work experience. Statistically significant correlations were found between temporal orientations of personality and traits of maturing maturity, infantilism, which can change depending on the presence of work experience.Discussion. The research confirms the existence of a trend of delayed adulthood among young people. The manifestation of traits of a more childish position of young people, such as self-directedness, experimentation, disordered behavior, infantilism, low indicators of work motivation can be explained by the imbalance of their time perspective. The orientation towards a fatalistic and hedonistic present demonstrated by young people may act as a mechanism of adaptation of young people in the conditions of uncertainty of their social position.

Autolesiones en jóvenes universitarios sobrevivientes del suicidio

Self-injurious behaviors often arise as an attempt to regulate emotions and temporarily alleviate emotional and social pain, potentially leading to suicidal attempts over time—a complex phenomenon that demands a profound and diverse understanding of intense emotional distress and an urgent need for help and support. Thus, this article aimed to explore self-injurious experiences in survivors of suicide attempts during university years through a systematic review methodology using the PRISMA protocol, identifying and critically evaluating the quality of 24 studies spanning a period from 2003 to 2024, using keywords such as self-injury, non-suicidal self-injury, university students, adolescents, young adults, and others in databases like Web of Science, Redalyc, and Dialnet. It was found that self-injurious experiences in university students include cuts, burns, blows, pinches, falls, bites, scratches, and more, resulting from depression, anxiety, stress, impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, avoidant coping styles, psychoactive substance use, bullying, academic pressure, history of violence, existential void, fatalistic attitudes, low self-esteem, cognitive rumination, family dysfunction, negative sexual experiences, and more. The above reveals that these experiences require specialized management that includes institutional and family care and support protocols, encompassing emotional, social, and personal factors, which implies the creation of early intervention programs, continuous psychological support, and awareness campaigns to reduce the stigma associated with self-injury and suicide.

The The Qur’an Reception within Dauroh Tahfidz Al-Qur’an of SDI Al-Azhaar Students Tulungagung

The tradition of memorizing Al-Qur’an in SDI Al-Azhaar is more than just a fatalistic attitude and mentality but also a social achievement in the case of paying attention to memorization aspects; memorizing the Qur’an quickly and correctly. The Qur’an tradition personally gives unique and diverse experiences. It gives the inherent meaning of each Hafizh Qur’an. This study aims to explain how the phenomenon of living Qur'an in dauroh tahfidz Al-Qur’an. This research uses the data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation Milles and Huberman. The approaches used are the sociological theory of Karl Manheim and the traditional actions of Max Weber. The results of this study are first, the activities of dauroh tahfidz Al-Qur’an must be followed by the accelerated students every semester break, second, sociologically the activities of dauroh tahfidz Al-Qur’an has an objective meaning as a symbol of obeying the teacher’s words meanwhile the traditional action as a habit that has been passed down for generations. Expressively these activities also show the changing of students’ psychology for the better. It is realized through the calm feeling of students. Meanwhile, effective action can be solace. Documentarily those activities form a comprehensive cultural system that needs to be preserved, whereas in instrumental rationalist action the students begin to realize the importance of dauroh tahfidz Al-Qur’an to finish the goal of memorizing 30 juz.

Oculo Adnexal Trauma by Hook and Extraction under Infra Orbital Block: A Case Report from the Thies Regional Hospital Center

Ocular and or adnexal trauma is a frequent reason for consultation in rural areas. The context in which it occurs and the nature of the blunt or perforating object vary widely. The target population is heterogeneous, and the injuries sometimes alter the body image of patients, who end up adopting a fatalistic attitude. An exhaustive review of the epidemiological aspects of these injuries remains a challenge, especially in rural areas. We report a case of oculo adnexal trauma caused by a fish hook in a fisherman; extraction was performed via a cutaneous approach under the infra-orbital block.

Profile Characteristics of Khasi Tribal Farmers Engaging in Collection and Management of Non-Timber Forest Products in Meghalaya, India

Tribal farmers belong to indigenous communities and engage in agricultural activities, agroforestry or even non-timber forest product harvesting as their primary livelihood. These farmers are part of ethnic groups with distinct traditions, languages and social structures. Therefore, studying the profile characteristics of these farmers is essential for understanding their unique socio-economic and cultural contexts. This study was conducted on 160 tribal farmers from East Khasi Hills and Ri Bhoi district of Meghalaya, primarily engaged in the collection and management of non-timber forest products. The research, utilized an ex post facto design. Findings revealed that most respondents were young or middle aged, with diverse educational backgrounds. Housing was mainly wooden or concrete with asbestos sheets. Material possession ranged from low to medium, and family sizes were typically medium to large, with nuclear families prevailing. Social and political participation varied, while income distribution skewed towards the low to medium range. Local and regional markets were preferred by over two-thirds of respondents. Livestock ownership, landholding sizes and indebtedness patterns demonstrated diversity. Engagement with mass media, cosmopoliteness, extension contact, participation and opinion leadership varied, with many falling into low to medium categories. Awareness of development schemes was significant, indicating a connection to broader societal initiatives. Tribal farmers displayed diverse levels of scientific orientation, risk and economic motivation, market orientation, and fatalistic attitudes. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, researchers and development practitioners, facilitating tailored interventions to address the unique needs and aspirations of this farming community.

Deviations from the balanced time perspective, cognitive fusion, and self-compassion in individuals with or without a depression diagnosis: different mean profiles but common links to depressive symptoms.

Prior research indicates that depressive symptoms in unselected or sub-clinical samples are associated with time perspective biases, including a more negative view of the past and a more fatalistic attitude toward the present. In the current study, we compared time perspective profiles for a clinical sample, with a depression diagnosis with that of a control group. Additionally, we considered a measure known as deviations from the balanced time perspective (DBTP) that capture deviations across time frames, not considered in previous studies. A second obejctive was to test a model involving DPTP as a mediator of the links between cognitive fusion and self-compassion with depressive symptoms. In total, 300 individuals participated in the study, 150 participants with a depression diagnosis and 150 without a depression diagnoses. All participants filled in questions regarding background variables together with Polish adaptations of ZTPI, CFQ, SCS-S, and DASS-21 using a web-survey. The results showed significantly higher scores on Past Negative and Present Fatalistic in the clinical sample. In line with the hypothesis the clinical group also displayed elevated DBTP scores (d = 0.75), a difference that remained significant when current symptoms were adjusted for. The results of structural equation modeling moreover indicate a major role of cognitive fusion (which, as expected, was strongly associated with DBTP) in predicting symptom burden, regardless of the clinical/non-clinical distinction, but. Still, DBTP accounted for significant (unique) variance in depressive symptoms. By contrast, the inclusion of cognitive fusion and DBTP eliminated the association of self-compassion and depressive symptoms. Taken together, the results indicate that levels of DBTP/fusion for persons with depression diagnosis is present regardless of current symptom burden. Thus, DBTP could be regarded as a risk factor of developing depression. Prospective research designs are needed to further evaluate the associations of the main constructs in this study and the extent to which they are predictive of future diagnosis and changes in symptom level.

COVID dan Budaya Pedagang Pasar Tradisional di Makassar

COVID is a disease from a medical point of view, while COVID as a disease associated with causes is a cultural study. The objective of this research is to explore the knowledge, beliefs, norms, habits, values, experiences, and fatalistic attitudes of traders in traditional markets that can influence traders' behavior in COVID-19 prevention in the traditional market of Power, Makassar. Ethnography becomes this method of research, and it observes traders in their surroundings. The results of the research showed that knowledge traders could not recognize the characteristics of people exposed to COVID except for symptoms of cough and fever, and COVID is a common but deadly disease. From the point of view of belief, COVID-19 originates from God and the cause-and-effect relationship between human beings and the environment, as well as human actions. From the point of view of the norm, there are sanctions, both for the discipline and prevention of COVID-19, and traders adhere to the old norms. Experienced aspects of disease prevention in the past are more real, and experiences during pandemics are more abstract. The culture of traders in social life is a diachronic and synchronous combination of the relationship between COVID-19, traditional markets, and public health.

Challenges of COVID‐19 vaccination program in rural areas of Eastern Indonesia: A qualitative study from a multistakeholder perspective

AbstractThis research aimed to explore the challenges of the COVID‐19 vaccination program from the perspective of multiple stakeholders in rural areas of eastern Indonesia. This qualitative participatory action research involved 115 participants selected from various groups in 20 subdistricts across five provinces, including Health Service workers, police staff monitoring the vaccination program, religious figures, and adult and youth community leaders. Furthermore, focus group discussion was conducted using semi‐structured interview guidelines based on the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) for vaccine and immunization model. The manifest content approach was employed to analyze the visible contents within the text. Implementation of the vaccination program was complicated by contextual, individual, and group factors, as well as vaccine and vaccination‐specific factors. The contextual factors were socioeconomic, religious, and cultural conditions, changes in government policies, and geographical and climatic obstacles. Meanwhile, examples of group and individual factors were people's beliefs of COVID‐19 being harmless and their invulnerability to the disease, along with misinformation and disinformation about vaccination, and fatalistic attitudes. Factors related to the vaccine and vaccination process include limited vaccine supplies, inadequate supporting facilities, and insufficient administration of vaccines. Multiple and complex challenges of COVID‐19 vaccination in the rural areas of eastern Indonesia need attention from the local and national government, as well as other parties including the private sector, socio‐religious figures and organizations, and the media.

Understanding the contexts of effectiveness of adaptation to climate change and variability: a qualitative study of smallholder farmers in central Ethiopia

ABSTRACTAlthough most studies showed the positive impact of climate change adaptation on farmers’ livelihoods, not all strategies are effective. Based on a qualitative study of smallholder farmers in central Ethiopia, this study examined the roles of contextual factors in contributing to or constraining the effectiveness of adaptation strategies. The results show that (i) strategies heavily reliant on rainfall were less effective; (ii) farmers with fatalistic attitudes utilized survival-oriented and low-return strategies, which were less effective to protect them from the effects of climate change and variability (CCV); (iii) farmers who had access to livelihood assets effectively responded to CCV through diversification of adaptation strategies and involvement in high-return strategies; (iv) Inadequate extension services, inefficient supply of farm inputs, and limited inclusivity of poor farmers undermined the roles of formal institutions in supporting effective adaptation. The findings attest to the importance of thoroughly understanding the wider contexts in which adaptation strategies are implemented to ensure their effectiveness. Building the adaptive capacity of farmers through pro-poor measures opens opportunities for engagement in high-return adaptation strategies, thereby promoting the building of sustainable livelihoods by all farmers.

Identifying and characterising individual flood precautionary behaviour dynamics from panel data

Individual precautionary behaviour in response to flooding can considerably reduce flood impacts. Therefore, understanding its drivers and temporal dynamics is of high interest for risk management and communication. Previous studies are mostly based on temporally limited data by using cross-sectional surveys. Here we identified and characterised different types of trajectories of adaptive behaviour after a flood event. We used panel data, where 227 households were repeatedly surveyed within 45 months after the flood of June 2013 in Germany about their precautions. To identify robust groups, we applied and compared two clustering methods: latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and k-means based cluster analysis for panel data (kmlShape). Three different groups were consistent across the two methods and showed different dynamic adaptive behaviour over the survey period: a ‘high standard’ (35% of the sample), a ‘high performer’ (37%) and a ‘low adaptive’ (28%) group. The high standard group was characterised by a significantly higher protection motivation and flood experience in comparison to the other groups. The high performer group showed the largest increase in implemented precautionary measures after the flood, but also expressed a general fatalistic attitude towards floods. The low adaptive group trusted their community significantly more in managing floods and reported little access to information and support. The results indicate that tailored risk communication and funding schemes might be needed to support low adaptive types of flood-prone residents. They also present a starting point for the implementation of empirically based, heterogeneous adaptation behaviour in socio-hydrological models.

СТОЇЦИЗМ ЯК ФІЛОСОФІЯ ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІЙНОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ

The article is devoted to the consideration of stoicism as a philosophy of life, which is able to develop existential resilience in crisis conditions for human existence. The author notes that in order to preserve one's own world, a person must create "existential resilience", and philosophy gives him or her the grounds for this. Today, stoicism is being reinterpreted. It is transformed into a philosophy of life, which is best suited to modern man as a tool that, if used properly, allows one to live a decent life. What is important, this can be achieved regardless of the conditions in which a person has fallen. The modern human being is faced with many challenges that threaten his or her existence or distort existence with illusory values, post-truth, ideological constructs, and consumerism. The author notes that stoicism is a holistic philosophy of life that allows the development of a general understanding of the world and a person's place in it. Resilience is at the very core of the Stoic worldview. Stoicism sets a person in every tragic situation to be guided by virtues that will help overcome the misfortunes of fate. In the conditions of war, a person finds himself in a situation of emergency and extremeness. To outline this situation, the author refers to the understanding of the "boundary situation" in the existentialism of Karl Jaspers. The boundary situation captures the crisis states of a person, which lead to the actualization of the personal principle, worldview transformations, rethinking of the meaning of life, and experiencing the loss of self-identity. They remove a person from the captivity of everyday consciousness and awaken him. In addition, the reality of war is full of horror and anxiety. Therefore, a person is in a state of permanent anxiety about existence. The boundary situation is built into the structure of everyday life. War gives rise to the experience of horror, which can become a permanent state of everyday experience. The author demonstrates that the philosophy of stoicism allows quite effectively to overcome this anxiety and sense of horror. For this, the stoic philosophy of life suggests developing a fatalistic attitude toward everything that happens to us and around us. The Stoics suggest surrendering to fate. In fact, stoicism helps to form existential resilience, because it teaches us to accept events as they are, and at the same time allows us to think about what we can change. In the conditions of war, a person often faces death. One of the dimensions of existential resilience is the elimination of the fear of death. In this aspect of the formation of existential stability, stoicism can also become a suitable basis for a philosophy of life.

Being Tried and Sentenced as an Adult: Amplifying Voices of Transferred Juveniles

This article analyses the qualitative findings of doctoral research on a sample of 210 young offenders who were transferred to Adult Court in 1999, 2000 and 2001. The results give an insight into the impact of juvenile transfer on a specific subgroup of participants, now aged between 30 and 40 years, allowing a critical evaluation of their pathways into adulthood. Drawing on the life stories of 17 young adults from a cohort of transferred juveniles who were still in prison at the time, we focus on their lived experiences of the decision to transfer them from the juvenile justice system and its impact on their lives. The findings support the idea that transfer, and its experienced ‘collateral’ effects, contributes to an escalating trajectory of judicial contacts; a view echoed by the transferred participants themselves. We present and discuss three main findings that offer important insights to extend the understandings of patterns of reoffending and involvement in the criminal justice system: (1) the impact of the first detention in an adult prison (as a consequence of the juvenile transfer), (2) a fatalistic attitude towards the future and (3) the unanticipated impact of family on views on re-offending.

Humanistic Theological Approach In A Political Conspiracy Nai Meko Comunity

The Nai Meko people are the Atoin Meto people who have experienced a winding and complicated history. To study the nuances of faith possessed by the Nai Meko people, the author uses an anthropological approach and aspects of the lives of the people they live. So the purpose of this writing is a contextual effort to read the quality of faith of the Nai Meko people within the framework of the political conspiracy that was experienced during the Portuguese and Dutch colonial periods. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with interview techniques and documentation studies. The interesting thing that exists in the lives of people and the people of Nai Meko every day is, even though they are a society that has been under pressure because of conspiracy politics, they believe in the Most High according to their original religious concept, and they are very deeply rooted in the Catholic faith, so they don't drifting in fatalistic attitudes and lifestyles. In order to maintain harmony in society, the people of Nai Meko develop a dialogical dialogue between the Christian faith and the notion of the Divine by the indigenous religions. It turns out that a theological approach as well as a humanistic pastoral approach is very much needed, so that humans and local communities can be directed to the right and civilized path. Another thing that needs attention is civilized social communication to harmonize two interests, between the Catholic faith and the original religious faith.

A barrier to participation in cervical cancer screenings: fatalism

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer is a significant disease affecting women’s health in terms of its incidence and is one of the most preventable cancers. However, participation in early cervical cancer-screening programs has been unsatisfactory for various reasons. In this descriptive, relationship-seeking study, we examined the relationship between fatalism tendency, an individual barrier to participation in early cancer screening programs, and women’s attitudes toward the early diagnosis of cervical cancer and undergoing the Pap smear test. Research data were collected between August 1, 2019 and December 1, 2019, in a city in northern Turkey from 602 women using a participant information form, the Attitudes Toward Early Diagnosis in Cervical Cancer Scale, and the Fatalism Tendency Scale. We found that fatalistic tendencies in women were a predictor of their attitudes toward the early diagnosis of cervical cancer (odds ratio [OR] = −0.64, β = .47, p < .001) and undergoing the Pap smear test (OR = 1.01, β = −.15, p < .001). Women with high fatalism tendencies had a more negative attitude toward the early diagnosis of cervical cancer and their participation rate in Pap smear screening programs was low. Therefore, nurses must consider women’s fatalistic tendencies and attitudes toward cancer when organizing educational and informational programs that encourage participation in cervical cancer screening.

Identifying barriers to early diagnosis of breast cancer and perception of women in Malwa region of Punjab, India

ObjectiveThe aim of present study is to identify the breast cancer screening barriers among the women with breast cancer of Malwa region of Punjab, India. The study was conducted at three government hospitals representing almost all districts of Malwa region. MethodsThe quantitative research design was followed using empirical research methods. Study was carried out by one-to-one interview by the field investigator and research assistant. Total of 363 breast cancer patient has been interviewed through the scheduled questionnaire and results has been recorded for further analysis. In this study, five barriers are described namely as personal barriers, socio-cultural barriers, economic barriers, health-system barriers, and treatment barriers which contains various questions regarding barriers to breast cancer screening. Univariate analysis methods have been used for the analysis to access the socio-demographic profile of women. Data has been obtained with the help of 5-point liker scale. Binary logistic model was chosen. ResultsMajority of participants were in the age groups 50–< 60 years (38.6%, 140/363) and ≥ 60 years (31.1%, 112/363). Majority of these women (47.4%, 171/363) were illiterate and most of them were housewives. The major barriers to breast cancer screening faced by most of the women were having no knowledge about screening services (90.9%, 329/363), the importance of early diagnosis (90.9%, 329/363), different screening methods (95.5%, 347/363) and place of availing screening services (91.2%, 330/363) misguided belief in God and fate (81.5%, 295/363) and preferring duties than taking care of health (70.2%, 254/363). Education qualification (odds ratio [OR] 0.74, β’ = −0.309, t = −5.357, P = 0.000) and socioeconomic class (OR 1.43, β’ = 0.354, t = 3.399, P = 0.001) were found to be significant determinant of the barriers among women. ConclusionThe survey was conducted in the women between the age 40–60 years and as an outcome, the unawareness about screening services, fatalistic attitude, fear of being diagnosed with the cancer, low per capita income was found out significant factors that restricted the women for early check-up for the breast cancer.

Investigating the relationship between profile factors and locus of control of selected college students in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Numerous studies have revealed that locus of control is among the significant factors that contributed to the mental health challenges faced by individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the theory on locus of control, it is the degree to which a person feels he has control over events of his life, which can be internal or external. Filipinos have been known to adhere to a fatalistic attitude, which can be construed as a form of external locus of control. This study sought to discover the proportion of those who possess internal or external locus of control and the profile factors that could influence this. 226 college students from various public and private colleges in Camarines Norte, Philippines volunteered to take part in this study. The Locus of Control instrument based on Rotter was used to assess the locus of control of the respondents. When grouped according to sex, parental status and romantic status, majority of the respondents possess internal locus of control. However, percentage-wise, there are more males who have internal locus of control than females, there are more respondents without romantic involvement who possess internal locus of control than those with romantic involvement and those with only one surviving parent possess the most internal locus of control followed by those with parents who are living together and lastly by those whose parents are separated. Overall, 137 respondents or 60.62% possess internal locus of control and 89 or 39.38% have external locus of control. Chi square computations between locus of control and sex, parental status and romantic status yielded no significant relationships between these variables.

Constructing Ethical Critical Thinking at Pesantren

Santri has been viewed as students who respect their kiai (teacher), parents and senior teachers, and might not able to think critically. The research aims to investigate efforts to foster students’ ethical critical thinking at pesantren (Islamic boarding school) in Kediri, East Java. This study uses a qualitative approach and sociological-phenemonological methods. Data obtained through observation and interviews. The research findings show that the patron-client pattern a pattern of relations between kiai and santri at pesantren can have both positive and negative impacts. The positive impact can be seen from the form of good relations and mutual respect between the kiai and students. Meanwhile, the negative impact refers to students’ fatalistic attitude towards life and an uncritical scientific view. Critical education in pesantren has practically been implemented even though partially. Education in pesantren is currently required to build an integrative educational paradigm by involving all human potential in fostering a critical, creative and democratic culture in addition to upholding ethics.

김중건의 사회개혁사상에 보이는 도가철학의 문제

Kim Jung-Geon (1889-1933), one of the Korean independence activists during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Korea, developed a social reform theory with his own ideology called “Wonjong (元宗)”. Wonjong was his compilation of philosophical ideologies of all ages and countries, mainly consisting of two thoughts: Geukwon (極元) and Daegonghwa Muguk (大共和無國, anarchic- republicanism) - the former refers to his cosmological worldview, and the latter is a social reform ideology. In particular, the concept of “Muguk (無國, no country)” has a key role in his ideology and is closely related to a conception of the ideal society in Taoism. In this context, we herein reviewed on distinguishable features of his “Muguk-ism (anarchism)” from the Taoism and thus obtained the following conclusions. First, the thought of Kim Jung-Geon took clear inspiration from Zhuangzi. Second, instead of merely accepting or referring to Taoist thought, he sharply criticized inherent fatalistic and passive attitudes in Taoism and built up active and practical ideology by himself. Third, as he developed the social reform ideology to save the people against the Japanese invasion in the late Joseon Dynasty, he rejected Wuwei (無為, inaction), the core concept of Taoism, but accepted Yuwei (有爲, action) to promote social reform in the real world. He did not remain as a hermit or view the world in the ideological context of Taoist philosophy; he defected to Manchuria and lead the resistance movements to achieve his ideal society and to free Korea from the Japanese military and political rule. It is concluded that Kim Jung-Geon is a very rare and creative thinker across East Asia at the time, who critically made a compilation of philosophical ideologies of all ages and countries in critical viewing and applied to the real world to establish a practical methodology. His Taoism-based social reform ideology was not limited to the Japanese rule; it is sufficiently convincing even today in light of views that point out the crisis of civilization and the need for new social reform theory in this highly industrialized modern society. Furthermore, the further studies are also needed on his position in the history of Korean Philosophy as a philosopher at the beginning of the introduction of Western philosophy.

Why Do Chinese Older Adults in Hong Kong Delay or Refuse COVID-19 Vaccination? AQualitative Study Based on Grounded Theory.

Older adults have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While COVID-19 vaccines are effective for reducing mortality and severe complications, vaccine hesitancy remains a substantial concern particularly among older adults. This was a qualitative study to explore how Chinese older adults reached a decision to delay or refuse the COVID-19 vaccines in Hong Kong. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 older adults aged ≥60years who had never received COVID-19 vaccines. The grounded theory approach guided the selection of informants, data collection, data analysis, and report writing. Older adults' vaccine hesitancy and resistance weaved into the context of lacking sufficient decisional support and attitude roots of negative perception of aging, fatalistic risk attitudes, present-oriented time perspectives, and negative values on western biomedicine. Attitude roots were used as thedecisional anchors to further shape older adults' peripheral processing of vaccine-related information, resulting into a spectrum of vaccine-resistant and vaccine-hesitant attitudes. While participants refused or delayed COVID-19 vaccination, they engaged in alternative coping strategies to regain self-control and justify their vaccination disengagement in the pandemic. Interventions to address vaccine hesitancy in older adults should focus on addressing attitude roots and strengthening the connectivity of older adults with family, doctors, and government to engage older adults in the vaccination decision making. Risk communication should shift to provide more personal relevant information in a caring style, meet older adults' preference for peripheral information processing, and address their existing misperceptions about COVID-19 vaccines.

Fatalistic beliefs, emotions and attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention among young adults

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health authorities required adherence to the individual- and group-level protocols with varying levels of success. The study, therefore, sought to identify pathways through which death anxiety, fatalism and fear of COVID-19 predict attitudes towards social distancing. A sample of 160 university students completed an online survey on associations between fatalistic beliefs, selected emotions and attitudes towards social distancing in Kenya. The estimated structural equation model for death anxiety and fear of COVID-19 explained the total variance in attitudes towards social distancing. Fatalism did not moderate associations but insignificantly played a dual role in adherence. Both death anxiety and fear of COVID-19 directly predicted attitudes towards social distancing. Finally, living in a zone labelled as ‘high risk’ predicted higher intentions not to socialise during the pandemic. We recommend that behaviour change interventions incorporate a psychological understanding of risk perception instead of focusing purely on medical approaches. Keywords: Attitudes, COVID-19, death anxiety, fatalism, fear;