Fatal Occupational Accidents Research Articles

El crecimiento económico y su influencia sobre los accidentes de trabajo mortales en el Perú

This study aims to determine how economic growth influenced fatal occupational accidents in Peru from 2011 to 2019. Data from the 24 departments, grouped into 4 macro-regions, were used and an econometric analysis using panel data was applied. This analysis consisted of assessing the stationarity of the data, and through first generation unit root tests, it was determined that they are integrated of order one. Likewise, it was found that there is a cointegration relationship between the variables (long-run equilibrium) by Pedroni panel cointegration means testing. Finally, the regression coefficients were estimated using the DOLS (Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares) estimator. It was determined that economic growth has a direct proportional relationship with fatal occupational accidents; that is to say, economic boom would cause fatal occupational accidents to increase.

Investigation on the Nature of Safety Rule Violations in High-Rise Construction Projects

The construction sector has consistently demonstrated a greater risk of fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents than other economic sectors, particularly with respect to high-rise building construction projects. Despite searing progress in the regulatory domain, and progressive formulation of new safety agenda for the industry, the truth is safety incidences involving fatalities and injuries still perpetuate with varying degrees of intensity. This is further aggravated by the loss of vital project resources of materials, equipment, and labours, which is counter-productive, unsustainable, and occasionally polluting. What is abundantly clear is that human factor when dealing with safety intricacies and observation still plays a considerable role in determining key safety objective accomplishment. With that in mind, it was the aims of this study to delve deeper into this issue among practitioners at the forefront of the high-rise building construction works in Malaysia. Specifically, it investigates, analyses, and ranks the degree of severity of the safety rule violation repercussion, the frequency, and perpetrators. A questionnaire survey approach was devised and distributed to respondents from among the developers, consultants, contractors, and relevant authorities. The data collected were analysed using SPSS package by determining the average index, standard deviation, variance, and frequency analysis. The results have shown that the lack of fire protection was perceived to lead to the most severe repercussion, while the lack of risky, near-miss, accident reporting, and the lack of Logout or Tagout (LOTO) procedures during servicing and maintenance activities were the most frequent safety rule violations. In addition, the contractor party was the most regular offender of the safety regulations, understandably by virtue of numbers. In conclusion, these outcomes could facilitate safety authorities and professionals in devising pragmatic schemes that best utilize both the persuasive and punitive mitigation measures for better safety outcomes.

Methane and Coal Dust Problem in Underground Coal Mining and Alternative Ventilation Techniques

Methane and coal dust explosions are among the most important risk factors that cause fatal occupationalaccidents in underground coal mining. One of the most important reasons for these explosions is inadequate orunfavourable ventilation conditions. In cases where the generally used classical ventilation systems are insufficient,attempts are made to continue ventilation with classical methods instead of some methods that may be considered asalternatives, and these methods often lose their applicability due to high costs. In this study, methods that emphasize theirapplicability as alternatives in risky situations are proposed and the results of some study examples are evaluated.

Fatal Occupational Accidents in Turkey from a City and Country Perpective

Occupational accidents and death cases resulting from occupational accidents are among the most critical factors threatening work peace. Occupational accidents cause injury, disability and even death for many employees. In 2021, 1394 employees died due to occupational accidents in Turkey, while 3123 became permanently incapacitated, that is, disabled for life. In addition, tens of thousands of employees were injured in occupational accidents, resulting in temporary incapacitation and exposing them and their families to emotional distress. The fact that occupational accidents are preventable events to a large extent makes the incidents caused by occupational accidents, such as death, loss of limb, and severe injury due to occupational accidents, even more tragic. Especially multiple-fatality occupational accidents are accepted as an indicator of the importance countries place on human life. Human life is above any economic value. Turkey is the country with the worst performance in Europe in terms of fatal occupational accident incidence rates. For all these reasons, in this study, fatal occupational accidents in Turkey in 2012-2022 were analyzed with the Health and Safety Labour Watch-Turkey (HESA Labour Watch) data. In addition, Social Security Institution (SSI) data for 2012-2021 was compared with the HESA Labour Watch data, and it was examined whether fatal occupational accidents were officially recorded. Finally, using official SSI data, Turkey and EU-27 countries were compared regarding the number of death cases resulting from occupational accidents and fatal occupational accident incidence rates. The study revealed the following results; Some of the fatal occupational accidents cannot be recorded in Turkey, After the OSH law, the number of death cases as a result of occupational accidents increased, compared to the EU-27 countries, Turkey has the worst performance in terms of both the number of death cases as a result of occupational accidents and the fatal accidents incidence rate.

Methane and Coal Dust Problem in Underground Coal Mining and Alternative Ventilation Techniques

Methane and coal dust explosions are among the most important risk factors that cause fatal occupationalaccidents in underground coal mining. One of the most important reasons for these explosions is inadequate orunfavourable ventilation conditions. In cases where the generally used classical ventilation systems are insufficient,attempts are made to continue ventilation with classical methods instead of some methods that may be considered asalternatives, and these methods often lose their applicability due to high costs. In this study, methods that emphasize theirapplicability as alternatives in risky situations are proposed and the results of some study examples are evaluated.

Descriptive analysis and a proposal for a predictive model of fatal occupational accidents in Spain

Accidents at work are a problem in today's economic structures, but if they result in the loss of human lives, the economic and social cost is even higher. The development of prevention policies, both at governmental and sectoral level, has led to a progressive reduction of occupational accidents, but number of fatal accidents remain high. The aim of this study is to explore the evolution of fatal accidents at work in Spain for the period 2009–2021, analyse the relationship between the main variables, and propose a predictive model of fatal occupational accidents in Spain. Data for this study are collected from occupational accident reports via the Delt@ (Electronic declaration of injured workers) IT system. The study variables were classified into five groups: temporal, personal, business, circumstances, and consequences. Fatal accidents at work are more common in males and in older workers, especially in workers between 40 and 59 years old. Companies with less than five workers have the highest percentage of fatal accidents, and the transport subsector and that the worker is carrying out his/her usual work have a strong correlation in the fatal accidents. Results can help to the agents involved in the health and safety management to develop preventive measures, and action plans.

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES WHEN CONSTRUCTING POWER LINES

Recently, Russia has seen an increase in the number of people injured as a result of fatal occupational accidents. One of the traumatic industries is the electric power one. The article analyzes causes of electric shocks. Among 13 causes, the first place is occupied by direct contact with overhead power lines (46%). On the example of developed countries, examples of technical measures that can prevent industrial injuries when constructing power lines are provided. The main technical tool used in their construction is supports based on sectioned reinforced concrete racks. Its advantage is simplification. Reducing the installation time of reinforced concrete supports can decrease severity of the labor process, and concrete as a natural grounding conductor increases electrical safety.

Long-term temporal analysis of fatal and severe occupational accidents in Central European forests of the Slovak Republic

Introduction: Forestry is one of the most dangerous industries worldwide. Workers handle heavy loads and are exposed to numerous adverse factors of the work environment. This study was focused on analyzing severe and fatal occupational accidents over a long period. Methods: Data were gathered from occupational safety and health databases of the State Forests of the Slovak Republic, which manages 879,113 ha of forests in Slovakia. Between 2007 and 2021, 210 severe and64 fatal accidents were recorded. The data analyses included contingency tables, Pearson χ2 test, and Cramer’s V coefficient to analyze the relationships between studied variables. Results: The mean annual number of fatalities was 14, occurring to workers aged 42 on average. Almost 80% of all fatal accidents were suffered by contractors of harvesting operations, who were 5.23 times more likely to suffer a fatality than company employees. On average, 1.28 severe and0.75 fatal accidents occurred per 1 million m3 of harvested timber. The outcomes of the correlation analysis showed a decreasing trend in incidence in the case of severe accidents. Workers ≤ 30 years or between 51 and 60 years of age were the most vulnerable in the case of fatal accidents. In the case of severe accidents, workers between 51 and 60 were the most vulnerable group. Most fatal accidents were suffered by tree fellers (72.2%) during felling (69.8%), who were in contact with falling trees and tree parts (93.7% share for this material agent). Conclusion and Practical Applications: The presented study identified the most vulnerable worker groups as well as the effects of factors on the occurrence of severe and fatal occupational accidents in forestry. The results will serve in development of occupational safety and health strategies in forest enterprises.

Occupational Hazards and Preventive Measures Among Waste Collection Workers

Waste collection is a necessary activity all around the world. Fortunately for the health and living conditions of inhabitants, waste collection workers risk to disease resulting from exposure to various work hazards fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents. The aim of the study is to assess the occupational hazards and preventive measures among waste collection workers (WCWs) through :a) Assessing the WCWs knowledge regarding hazards of waste collection; b) Determining the WCWs knowledge regarding health related preventive measures; c) Determining the knowledge of the WCWs knowledge regarding health related preventive measures; and d) Identify the community health services provided for the WCWs .

Two fatal occupational accidents caused by screw conveyors

ZusammenfassungJedes Jahr ereignen sich in Deutschland mehrere Hundert tödliche Arbeitsunfälle, wobei sich die Anzahl in den vergangenen Jahren rückläufig zeigte. Den beiden hier vorgestellten Arbeitsunfällen lag ein sehr ungewöhnlicher Unfallmechanismus zugrunde, der insbesondere im Fall 1 eine den Gegebenheiten angepasste Sektionstechnik erforderte.Fall 1Beim Reinigen eines Hackschnitzelsilos wurde ein 57-jähriger Mann von einer sich sehr langsam drehenden Förderschnecke erfasst und getötet. Durch vorsichtiges Abwickeln und Herauslösen von auf der Schnecke befindlichen Gewebsanteilen konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Erstkontakt am rechten Bein stattgefunden hat, und dass der Oberkörper wohl aufgrund einer Einwickelung der getragenen Jacke in die Schnecke geraten ist. Einblutungen am rechten Handrücken und einzelne Bluteinatmungsherde in den Lungen belegten, dass der Verstorbene zumindest zu Beginn des Geschehens noch geatmet bzw. einen intakten Kreislauf gehabt hat.Fall 2Ein 17-jähriger Mann war beim Befüllen eines Schachtes mit Hackschnitzeln mit seinem linken Bein in eine Förderschnecke geraten. Schwer verletzt wurde er in ein Krankenhaus eingeliefert, wo er trotz Notoperation verstarb.

Yüksekte Çalışmalarda Düşme Risklerine Karşı Korunma Tedbirlerinin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Belirlenmesi

Work at heights is common, especially in very dangerous sectors such as construction. The most fatal occupational accidents in the construction sector are seen as the work at height. There is a need for measures to be taken against the dangers and risks that may occur during work at height. In this way, fatal work accidents will be prevented. There are measures to be taken against these risks. However, in some cases there may be confusion about which measures are prioritized, more important and beneficial. Measures should be evaluated in terms of Occupational Health and Safety. To ensure a proactive approach, the measures need to be clear. In this study, the most appropriate measure was selected with multi-criteria decision making methods. Criteria and alternatives were determined and the most appropriate measure was chosen. SWARA method was integrated while evaluating the criteria and SAW method was integrated while evaluating the alternatives.

Analysis of occupational accidents in the land transport and transport sector

In the contribution, we focus on the number of registered, serious and fatal occupational accidents in the land transport and transport sector in a specific time period. At the same time, we also examine in detail the causes of individual occupational accidents in the selected sector and time period. We use statistical methods to process the obtained data. For comparison, we attach serious and fatal occupational accidents that occurred in the monitored time period from the Czech Republic. At the same time, we also propose preventive measures to reduce the number of occupational accidents in the land transport and transportation sector.

Occupational Injury Related Deaths among Construction Workers in Uttarakhand- A Retrospective, Descriptive Study

Construction industry in India is vast and complex involving modern technology as well as the workforce. Annually construction industry alone contributes 24.2 % (on an average 38 people per day) fatalities out of estimated 48000 fatal occupational accidents occurred in India. As government megaprojects are in progress, an incidence of occupational injuries also rose among construction workers in Uttarakhand. This study aims to present a profile of victims of construction workers, the contributory factors and consequences of fatal accidents at construction sites. Cases of construction accident victims' data between October 2018 to September 2020 brought for an autopsy were studied. All victims were male out of which 16 (88.8%) were in 21 to 40 years of age. Majority was migrant workers from other states. Among the total victims, 12 (66.6%) were engaged in highway construction work and 6 (33.4%) in building construction work. Landslide and fall from height were common causative factors of an accident. Most of the victims died due to multiple injuries sustained on the body.

Determinants of safety outcomes in organizations: Exploring O*NET data to predict occupational accident rates

AbstractAlthough workplace safety research is common given the frequent occurrence of fatal and nonfatal occupational accidents, it has focused mainly on safety climate and lacks a unified approach when examining predictors of safety outcomes. We argue that adopting an integrated approach with job analysis data and using newer machine learning methods can support and extend findings from cross‐sectional research studies using traditional statistical methods. The suggested approach is demonstrated by using three machine learning methods (elastic net, random forest, and gradient boosting) along with publicly available O*NET data to predict annual nonfatal occupational incident rates published by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Findings indicate that O*NET descriptors from several subdomains including abilities, work context, and work activities were significant in predicting occupational injury rates. The amount of variance explained by the predictors varied from 54.2% (gradient boosting) to 58.8% (elastic net) with 12 common predictors across the three methods. The exploratory approach with machine learning techniques supports past findings and helps uncover understudied predictors of safety outcomes. This study adds to the literature surrounding person‐ and situation‐based antecedents to workplace safety and has several other implications for research and practice.

A Scoring-Based Risk Assessment Method Proposal for Methane Explosions in Underground Coal Mines

Mining is one of the sectors with the highest number of fatal occupational accidents. According to statistics, the majority of these fatal accidents are caused by methane explosions. In order for the explosion to occur, methane needs to form a certain concentration, sufficient oxygen and igniting elements are required. One of the most important factors that can affect methane formation is the carbon content of coal. As the carbon content increases, the probability of formation of flammable hydrocarbon-derived gas increases. The porous structure is a factor that causes methane to accumulate and create instantaneous concentration. It is known that the formation of the ignition element is directly proportional to the quartz content of the wall rocks. In this study, a new risk assessment method is proposed by assigning scores to the linguistic expressions of all these side parameters. This proposed method enables a proactive approach regardless of exact measurements and forced ventilation principles. It is foreseen that unexpected results can be prevented with the measures to be taken in this direction.

Analysis of Root Cause of the Fatal Occupational Accidents in a Gas Refinery Using the Tripod-Beta Method

Introduction: Most critical accidents in different industries are observable, but their severity is also predictable and can be controlled. Provided that accident analysis is properly managed with a preventive approach and based on correct findings, in a principled and realistic manner, root causes, corrective actions, and safety measures regarding accidents are performed.
 Material and Methods: The present research was a descriptive-analytic study, and the reported and recorded fatal occupational accidents were analyzed in the onshore section of one of the construction refinery projects in the South Pars Gas Refinery over a decade using the Tripod Beta method and then main risk factors, pre-conditions, and underlying causes, as well as the existing protective barriers, were identified, and an accidents tree was drawn.
 Results: The analysis of fatal occupational accidents showed that 26 immediate causes, 39 preconditions, and 50 underlying causes were involved in those accidents. Six key risk factors include lack of responsibility/organizational impact (57.8%), training (22.2%), hardware or tools and equipment (6.7%), maintenance management (6.7%), work procedures (4.4%), and Error Enforcing conditions (2.2%) had the largest share of the occurrence of accidents.
 Conclusion: More than 80% of fatal occupational accidents can be controlled by modifying the two main factors, responsibility and organization and training. Therefore, implementing the total productive maintenance method, effective monitoring of staff work, hiring staff with sufficient knowledge and skills, and improving training indicators will increase understanding of hazard sources, improve safety and reduce accidents.

Evaluation of occupational accidents in forestry in terms of incidence, frequency, and severity rates in Turkey

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to analyze the forestry sector and the total work-related occupational accidents in Turkey in terms of incidence rate (IR), frequency rate (FR) and severity rate (SR) between 2008 and 2018 to compare those rates with some other sectors (mining, construction, metal and textile). According to the evaluation results, the IR and FR in the forestry sector are 41.1% and 40.8%, respectively, of all sector values in Turkey, while there is a negligible difference between the SR. The forestry sector, in terms of fatal occupational accidents, for both IR and FR showed a similar tendency across Turkey; non-fatal accident rates had lower values across the country. Moreover, it has been concluded that the forestry sector has generally better values than the metal, mining, and construction sectors and worse than the textile sector. In order to ensure safer performance in occupational accidents in the forestry sector, it is important to establish policies to increase awareness of occupational health and safety, since forest workers are exposed to different climate, topography, and vegetation types in terms of working conditions. In future studies, long-term evaluation of the data sets will increase the accuracy of occupational accidents evaluation models.

Safety monitoring analysis in a construction site using eye-tracking method

Construction work is one of the most dangerous business lines. As a result of occupational accidents in construction works, there are consequences that will affect human life such as injury and death, as well as serious financial losses. Especially in developing countries, despite the increase in precautions regarding occupational safety, occupational accidents continue to occur. Human behavior is an important factor in construction work accidents. In the sector where generally low-educated level workers work, analyzing the precautions and occupational safety training results are important to reduce construction work accidents. Eye-tracking technique, a technology that is spreading around the world, finds its place in different sectors. Especially with the use of mobile eye trackers instead of fixed eye trackers, this eye-tracking technology has also become usable in site implementations in the construction industry. In the construction sector, some studies are done especially on occupational safety issues using eye-tracking techniques in recent years. In this study, a site study was done with construction workers using a mobile eye-tracking approach by creating a track with different hazard sources in construction where a fatal occupational accident occurred. In this context, the attention levels of construction workers against different sources of danger and the risk of accidents created by these sources were measured with the mobile eye-tracking technique. The results obtained from the study were shared with the occupational safety experts on the site and the results are interpreted. All workers participating in the experimental study were workers that previously got occupational safety training. Therefore, according to the outcomes of this experiment, the effectiveness of the occupational safety training they received is measured and some suggestions are made.

Strengthening Inspection and Audit of Occupational Safety and Health in Coal Mining Enterprises in Vietnam

Coal mining is one of the heavy, hazardous industries. Therefore, workers in this industryalways face high risks of occupational accidents and diseases. According to the annual report of theMinistry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (MoLISA), the situation of occupational accidents andillnesses in the mining sector in recent years has increased both in terms of number and severity, and thisincludes fatal occupational accidents in the coal mining industry. Currently, the authorities have beenimplementing inspection of occupational safety and health (OSH) to prevent and limit the situation. In thescope of this article, the author focuses on clarifying the position and the role of OSH inspecting whilepresenting and analyzing the results of the inspection of OSH legislation compliance within the coalmining industry nationwide. From there, proposing several solutions to strengthen inspection of OSH,prevent and limit occupational accidents and diseases in the coming time, contributing to improving theefficiency of state management of OSH in the coal mining industry in Vietnam today.

Analysis of the current situation of electric shock fatal occupational accident and trial of risk assessment to electric shock occupational accidents

Analysis of the current situation of electric shock fatal occupational accident and trial of risk assessment to electric shock occupational accidents