Position Of Farmers Research Articles

A Study on Affecting Factors on Demand for Agricultural Crop Insurance in West Azarbijan Province

The main objective of the present study is to study on effective factors on crop insurance demand in west Azarbaijan province. We study and analyze what factors does influence the farmers demand to adoption of crop insurance. This study was a descriptive-correlation research. It was an applied research, which carried out by survey method and is descriptive-correlation. We collected data by means of a questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Out of universe population, 400 respondents were selected using cluster sampling method. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Result showed that the most important of effective factors on insurance demand were classified into seven factors viz., includes Product and raw materials price fluctuations, “Manufacturing facilities and income, “Information of insurance, “government policies-insurance support, “Risk factors, “Market conditions & product demand and farmer's position in society, which explained 85.27% of variance of effective factors on crop insurance demand in west Azarbaijan province.

Farmer‐buyer relationships in China: the effects of contracts, trust and market environment

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first, to develop constructs to measure three important concepts in the supply chain literature: contracts, trust and market environment, in the Chinese context and to further investigate the relationships amongst these three concepts based on the formulated hypothesis.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology has strictly followed the recommended scale development procedures, which include specifying each constructs, item generation, data collection, reliability and validity test, and finally test hypothesis. The primary data were collected in October 2008 in Hubei Province, China. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are applied to assess the reliability and validity of the three constructs.FindingsIn total, 22 items were retained to measure six dimensions for the three core concepts: contract (marketing and production), trust (reliability and benevolence), and market environments (diversity and volatility). Second, the finding supported this argument that contracts and trust functions as complements. Furthermore, a positive relationship between environmental uncertainty and the use of contractual governance was found.Research limitations/implicationsThe measurement model for environmental volatility is less satisfied. More research should be carried out on the measurement of market environment in the future.Originality/valueThis paper identifies and validates key constructs underlying supply chain management research: contract, trust and market environment, in a Chinese context. These measurable concepts could be applied in similar settings to further investigate small‐scale farmer's position along the supply chain.

The Wiphala Genomics: the deployment of molecular markers in small-scale potato crop systems in the Bolivian Andes

The deployment of molecular markers in the small-scale potato systems in the Bolivian Andes takes place within two contradictory understandings of potato biodiversity. On the one hand, biodiversity is understood as raw material; farmers' varieties have no intrinsic value, value is added by breeders in breeding projects. On the other hand, biodiversity is understood as cultural material; potatoes are final entities created by farmers and therefore they have an intrinsic cultural value. It is argued that the deployment of markers in the cultural understanding of biodiversity (Wiphala genomics) has potentialities to address resource-poor farmers' constraints. Furthermore, the article suggests that some participatory plant-breeding networks are appropriate social platforms for the deployment of molecular markers if the intention is to strengthen both small-scale potato systems and the farmer's position in molecular marker technological systems

Irrigation Water Distribution along Branch Canals in Egypt: Economic Effects

Over 75% of the world's irrigated lands are found in developing countries.' Given the need to expand agricultural output to meet the growing food demands in these countries and elsewhere in the world, it is apparent that improving the efficiency of irrigated agricultural systems is an important component of agricultural development strategies. Future world food needs depend on means to improve the efficiency of water use in irrigated agriculture. Analysts of irrigated agricultural systems around the world have observed a problem common to most, if not all, irrigation projects in which the amount of water for the available land is limited. The problem is to achieve a more equitable and efficient system of allocating water among lands, crops, or users. Often, a farmer's position relative to the head of a common branch canal determines his access to water; farmers near the start of the canal may receive ample water, but those at the distant reaches of the same canal are often poorly served. In his review of the need for economic analysis of irrigation, Taylor identifies a number of studies concerned with the allocation of

Regional Specialization and the Supply of Wheat in the United States, 1867-1914: A Comment

Regional Specialization and the Supply of Wheat in the United States, 1867-1914: A Comment

Science Democratized: Advisory Committees on Research

HOUGH farming is typically considered a conservative, tradition-oriented way of life, American agriculture is built upon faith in the practical value of science. The key scientific centers for agriculture have been the state land-grant colleges and the U. S. Department of Agriculture. In an attempt to democratize agricultural research, giving the users of the information more influence upon researchers and administrators, Congress provided in 1946 for nonscientist advisory committees for USDA research. What influence have these committees exercised? To the extent that it had a single purpose, the Research and Marketing Act of 1946 (RMA)l was a broad charter for USDA to improve agricultural marketing. It provided for research, service, and education, but not regulation to help create a marketing system capable of disposing of surpluses and to protect the farmer's position in that system. Enacted in a time of scarcity and high agricultural prices, the act was based on widespread predictions of agricultural surpluses and depressed prices once wartime prosperity should fade. A second purpose of the act, partially integrated with the major theme, was to authorize new funds for research in the state agricultural experiment stations. A portion of these funds was intended for marketing research. The politicians put their faith in science, but they put their faith, too, in the untrained man, and provided for citizen advisory

The Farmer and Social Security

IN this early postwar period public attention is focussing more and more upon the domestic economy. Whether or not we are to pass through a temporary business recession in the near future, the experiences of the thirties linger in the public mind. Already, as though anticipating an inevitable collapse of equal severity to the late depression, pressure groups are demanding that the government do something to assure economic stability and to guarantee satisfactory employment and earnings for all gainfully employed persons. In the past, a similar demand led to the adoption, in 1935, of the Social Security Act which provided for Old-Age and Survivors' Insurance and a system of State Unemployment Compensation. In 1939, the original Social Security Act was amended and expanded. The Wagner-Murray-Dingell Bill introduced originally on June 3, 1943, was revised and reintroduced by the same authors on May 24, 1945. It is this revised bill which may be regarded as representing the culmination of the present Administration's social security philosophy, and for that reason is used as the basis of this study.' The Wagner-Murray-Dingell Bill proposes to bring old-age and survivors' insurance, health insurance, maternity benefits, unemployment compensation, and temporary and permanent disability benefits to all groups, industrial, professional, and agricultural, and to employees and employers alike. All farmers, whether they be farm owners, operators, tenants, or farm workers, would be included. It is notable that the bill acknowledges no special differences between agriculture and industry, or between the farm owner and the operator, or between the tenant farmer or sharecropper, on the one hand, and the industrial worker, on the other. Yet it takes no special knowledge of social security to see that the farmer has been in quite a different position with reference to medical and hospital services than the city dweller, and to see that the collection of social security taxes is applied far more easily to industrial payrolls than to farm bookkeeping. These questions will be taken up in another study. In this survey we are concerned exclusively with the tax burden entailed in the extension of social security to the farmer. Hitherto very little specific attention has been given to the farmer's position in the future social security picture, and none at all to the financial burden of such an enlarged program and to the question of whether the cost would be in proportion to the social and economic advantages promised.

Practice with science. The farmer's position and the scientific worker' programme

Practice with science. The farmer's position and the scientific worker' programme

Practice with science. The farmer's position and the scientific worker's programme

Journal of the Society of Chemical IndustryVolume 58, Issue 40 p. 899-906 Article Practice with science. The farmer's position and the scientific worker's programme Thomas Middleton K.C.I.E., K.B.E., C.B., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S., Thomas Middleton K.C.I.E., K.B.E., C.B., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S.Search for more papers by this author Thomas Middleton K.C.I.E., K.B.E., C.B., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S., Thomas Middleton K.C.I.E., K.B.E., C.B., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S.Search for more papers by this author First published: 7 October 1939 https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5000584002AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume58, Issue407 October 1939Pages 899-906 RelatedInformation