Agricultural Villages Research Articles

Farmer Behavior in the Use of Pesticides on Rice Plants

This study aims to determine the behavior of farmers in the use of pesticides on rice plants in Lingom Village, Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar Regency. The sample in this study was 15% of the predetermined population of 30 farmers in Lingom Village, Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar Regency who used pesticides on rice plants. Data were collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results of data analysis show that farmers in Lingom Village, Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar Regency use pesticides in processing rice plants. The results showed that the behavior of farmers in the use of pesticides was in accordance with existing provisions. The pesticide used is obtained from the store, further mixed with water put in a spray tube. Pesticides that have been filled in tubes, then sprayed on rice plants. Spraying is carried out using personal protective equipment such as aprons, clothing and masks. Furthermore, farmers clean the equipment and clothes that have been used to make them clean and safe. Similarly, equipment and clothing that have been used are cleaned separately from other equipment and clothing. So as not to contaminate other family clothes during spraying, not to consume food and drinks when spraying so as not to be exposed to toxins contained in pesticides, so as not to experience injury.

The Extension of Maggot as a High-Protein Chicken Feed for Latompe Farming Community

This service program aims to provide an alternative feed for local chickens (Gallus domesticus) with high protein to the Latompe farming community. The alternative feed are maggots which are the larvae of Black Soldier Flies (Hermetia illucens). It is hoped that the chicken farmers in Latompe village will no longer only depend on carbohydrate-based feed such as corn to obtain maximum chicken growth. To transfer that new technology, the farmer's educators managed a mass socialization and made presentation slides, leaflets, and on-site practice followed by periodic assistance. As a result, the maggot extension program has been running well and several breeders have been able to cultivate maggots for their chickens' feed. It is hoped that this program can be implemented sustainably to obtain maximum production of local chickens.

A quantitative survey on exposures, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to swine influenza among villagers in different regions of Thailand

This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to determine factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward the swine influenza virus (SIV) among pig farm owners, workers, and villagers in selected provinces of Thailand. This study was carried out from February to December 2022 in pig farms and villages across the provinces. A structured and standardized quantitative questionnaire was utilized to collect data on socio-demographic variables and KAP related to SIV from 215 participants. The quantitative data was analyzed in two steps using R software. The study findings showed that the average knowledge score on SIV was 6.92 out of 12, indicating moderate understanding of SIV in study participants. Attitudes towards SIV were generally positive, with an average score of 3.74 out of 5. Practices for SIV prevention averaged a score of 3.63 out of 5. Key factors associated with better SIV knowledge included higher education levels, higher monthly income, and direct involvement in vaccination processes. Moreover, those with higher education, employment on pig farms, and prior vaccination experience showed more positive attitudes towards SIV. Occupations related to pig farming and the availability of vaccination services significantly influenced SIV prevention practices. The findings highlighted that improved education and stronger connections with healthcare professionals and the pig farming sector may significantly enhance KAP regarding SIV among targeted populations. In contrast, participants with limited exposure to health services or pig farming activities, such as nearby villagers, require specialized educational interventions. This study recommends that local health authorities should develop and implement communication strategies and interventions focused on educating pig farm owners, managers, and villagers about SIV to mitigate the risks associated with SIV and other zoonotic diseases.

The Analysis of Determinants of Production and Optimization of Garlic Farming in Sembalun District East Lombok Regency

Each farming aims to maximize farming income but is constrained by the quantity of inputs. The limited quantity of input is faced by farmers who cultivate garlic plants. One solution is to utilize production inputs available at the location where farmers live, such as organic fertilizers, to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of the use of production inputs on production quantity and to determine the level of efficiency of the use of each production input. The purpose of the research was achieved through the collection of primary data from the results of the garlic farming survey in Sembalon District, East Lombok Regency. As a respondent, 71 farmers cultivate garlic. The research location is in Sembalun Bumbung village and Sembalun Lawang village. The number of sampling units in each village was selected using a proportional random sampling technique of 44 farmers in Sembalun Bumbung village and 27 farmers in Sembalon Lawang village. Production quantity and input quantity data were analyzed by multiple regression followed by an analysis of the ratio of marginal production value to the price per input unit to determine the status of efficiency in the use of production inputs. The results of the study showed that the use of organic fertilizer inputs, ZA fertilizers, and phonska fertilizers had a real effect on the production quantity. The use of organic fertilizers is not optimal, while the use of ZA fertilizers and phonska fertilizers needs to be reduced to increase efficiency.

Literasi Ekonomi Syariah pada Kelompok Tani Desa Kaana Kecamatan Enggano

The aim of sharia economic literacy in the Kaana village farmer group, Regano subdistrict is to educate members of the Agree Farmer group in order to increase understanding and knowledge in understanding Islamic economics in life in the Kaana village farmer group, Regano subdistrict, North Bengkulu district, Bengkulu province. Before the assistance was implemented, many of the members of the farmer groups still did not understand sharia economics. Then at the end of the service assistance, the farmer group members agreed that the farmers of Kaana village, Ogano subdistrict, North Bengkulu district were able to know/understand the guidelines used in buying and selling activities following the sharia economic system which is based on the Al-Quran and Hadith.

The ethnic diversity of farmer groups in environmental management of lowland rice farming in Rias Village, Toboali District, South Bangka Regency

Abstract An increase in population quantity and community cultural diversity drives the need for the Bangka Belitung Islands Province to increase the productivity of the agricultural sector, especially rice as the main source of staple food. Not only is increasing the quantity of lowland rice production a measure of guaranteeing food security, but managing a healthy agricultural environment is also very important in achieving the sustainability target of national food security. What is unique is that the group of farmers in the rice production center of Bangka Belitung, namely Rias Village, Toboali District, South Bangka Regency, has a variety of cultures whose domicile is grouped based on ethnicity. This research was carried out to map the locus of lowland rice farmer groups based on ethnicity and describe the character of environmental management of lowland rice farming in the context of sustainable food security. The research method used was a survey of 60 rice farmers, mapping farmer group loci, and quantitative descriptive methods. The research results are depicted in a locus map of farmer groups of Bangka ethnic, Javanese, Bugis, and Sundanese ethnic groups. It was found that differences in the environmental management characteristics of lowland rice farming include: the selection of rice varieties, different agricultural practices, such as the use of organic fertilizer, traditional-based irrigation, crop rotation, cooperation patterns, and land ownership systems.

The Relationship of Chollinesterase Levels to Cognitive Status In Village Farmers Pakis, Jember District

This study aims to analyze the relationship between cholinesterase levels and cognitive status in farmers in Village, Panti District, Jember Regency. High use of pesticides in the agricultural sector can increase the risk of poisoning, which has an impact on health, especially the nervous system and cognitive function. The research method used was observational with a cross-sectional design, involving 30 farmers who used organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Cognitive status was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results showed that there was a decrease in cholinesterase levels in some farmers, but the analysis with the Spearman correlation test showed no significant relationship between cholinesterase levels and cognitive status (p > 0.05). This research is expected to provide information about the impact of pesticides and the importance of using personal protective equipment for farmers

The Impact of Climate Variability on the Livelihoods of Smallholder Farmers in an Agricultural Village in the Wider Belfast Area, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of climate change on smallholder farmers in South Africa, particularly focusing on the relationship between agriculture and weather patterns. Understanding this connection is crucial for helping farmers adapt to changing climate conditions and improve their resilience and sustainability. This research analyses 33 years of climate data (1990–2023) from the Belfast weather station to identify long-term climate trends, seasonal shifts, and the frequency of extreme weather events. Statistical analysis, including the Mann–Kendall test, revealed significant changes in temperature, rainfall, and the intensity of extreme weather events, indicating that climate change is already affecting the region. Specifically, the research highlighted significant damage to agricultural infrastructure, such as greenhouses, due to climate-related wind events. This study emphasises the importance of using digital technologies to monitor weather patterns in real-time, aiding in decision-making, and enhancing agricultural efficiency. Additionally, it calls for further research into the social impacts of climate variability, including its effects on community cohesion, migration, and access to social services among smallholder farmers. These findings provide a foundation for developing effective interventions to support the resilience of smallholder farming communities in the face of climate change. Future studies need to consider how climate variability affects farmers’ abilities to access markets, both in terms of transport and product quality.

Strengthening resilience: the role of institutions in facilitating local agricultural adaptation to the impact of climate change in Tanzania

Building resilience in areas susceptible to climatic hazards is widely recognised as a critical strategy. This article offers valuable insights into the contribution of institutions to supporting smallholder farmers in building resilience against the effects of climate change. Data for this article was collected from Manzase and Haneti villages in Chamwino district in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The study adopted a qualitative approach and deployed key informant interviews and focus group discussions for data collection. The result showed that institutions that operate in the villages under study which include agricultural extension agencies, Non-Governmental organisations, private companies and village governments, have played such roles as providing drought-resistant seeds, disseminating seasonal weather forecast information and supporting the establishment of income diversification activities to farmers. Furthermore, the institution facilitated agroforestry farming through natural tree regeneration and ensured access to crop markets and loans for farm inputs. These roles have contributed to reducing crop loss due to drought and rainfall unreliability, enhanced household income, and allowed households access to food during drought-induced crop failure. The study also revealed that institutional linkages are crucial in comprehensively addressing challenges faced by smallholder farmers, thereby building their livelihood resilience. This paper argues that strong institutional support is essential for farmers to build resilience against climate change.

Green product of Kusamba Salt: an Alternative of Re-Branding Strategy in Kusamba, Klungkung, Bali

The Bali Government, recognizing the potential of Kusamba salt, has proposed a strategic plan to introduce it worldwide. The governor of Bali, Wayan Koster, suggested enhancing the marketing strategy to make Kusamba salt more appealing. This involves creating attractive packaging and promoting the product's unique qualities, such as its high-quality production methods and the environmental benefits of using natural Salt. Product Differentiation: The proposal emphasizes the need to differentiate Kusamba salt from other table salt products in the market. This could be achieved by highlighting the product's low iodine content, which benefits health and environmental sustainability. Market Integration: The plan also aims to integrate Kusamba salt into global markets. This involves identifying and establishing partnerships with international retailers and distributors interested in natural and health-conscious products. Farmer Empowerment: A significant part of the strategy focuses on empowering the salt farmers of Kusamba village. This includes facilitating the management of BPOM (Badan et al.) licenses and creating opportunities for the farmers to participate in the marketing and distributing their products. Environmental Sustainability: The proposal highlights the importance of promoting Kusamba salt as an environmentally friendly product. This could involve using eco-friendly packaging and promoting the product's sustainable production methods. In summary, the "Green Product of Kusamba’s Salt: An Alternative of Rebranding Strategy" this study aims to elevate the market value of Kusamba salt by optimizing its marketing strategy, differentiating it from other table salt products, integrating it into global markets, empowering the salt farmers, and promoting its environmental sustainability.

Risk Management of Green Bean Farming Production in Gluranploso Village, Gresik District

Green beans are the most important food crop in Indonesia and production continues to increase to meet domestic demand. However, production is still insufficient due to several risks faced by farmers. This research analyzes the risk management of green bean production in Gluranploso Village using the Coefficient of Variation (KV) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods. The results showed that yield variation was relatively low with a KV value of 17%, indicating good yield stability. The FMEA analysis identified four main sources of risk affecting production: seed aspect with an RPN value of 5.808, weather with an RPN value of 7.04, pests and diseases with an RPN value of 12.936, and technical aspects with an RPN value of 47.88, particularly delays in pest and disease control spraying. In addition, the market aspect is also a source of risk with the largest value in the increase in production input prices at 12.288. These sources require special attention in risk management. The study concludes that the implementation of appropriate risk management strategies, focusing on the identified key risk sources, can help farmers improve yield stability and farm profitability. These strategies include improving seed quality, mitigating weather risks, controlling pests and diseases, and improving technical procedures in cultivation and market risks. Thus, effective risk management can be key in increasing the productivity and sustainability of green bean farming in Gluranploso village.

Implementasi Program Pelita Berbasis Training of Trainer untuk Pengembangan Desa Cerdas Pertanian di Desa Benteng

Education is Indonesia's most potential investment in optimizing human resources (HR) quality. The proliferation of school dropout rates has become an educational problem in some areas of Indonesia, including Benteng Village. According to the Precision Data of Benteng Village Monograph, in 2020, 316 people, or 4.29% of the population, were classified as school dropouts. This condition causes the community to have limited skills, preventing them from maximizing the potential resources available. Therefore, preventive measures are needed to address this issue. The presence of the Agricultural Literacy Corner (PELITA) becomes a holistic and adaptive solution for the government and other stakeholders in empowering the community. This initiative aims to create upskilling, reskilling, and newskilling for the community to utilize existing agricultural resources and create a sustainable, intelligent agricultural village. Activities are implemented through socialization, counseling, training, and practice based on the ToT (Training of Trainer) scheme. The achievement of the activities can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test dissemination analyzed using statistical tests. The results show an increase from the pre-test score (M=2.25) to the post-test score (M=7.95). This is supported by a p-value of 0.000 < 0.001, indicating that the increase is not coincidental and has statistical significance. Therefore, the actualization of PELITA is expected to continue continuously.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Hayati di Desa Gondel, Kecamatan Kedungtuban, Kabupaten Blora, Jawa Tengah

The rice productivity in Gondel Village, Kedungtuban District, Blora Regency, Central Java, has declined. Factors such as attacks by plant pests and diseases (OPT), climate change (DPI) impact, and decreasing soil quality are the leading causes of crop failure. This training aims to enhance the understanding and skills of Gondel Village farmers in making biofertilizers and introducing environmentally friendly pest and disease control methods. The activity involved 40 farmers from 8 farmer groups (Gemah Ripah, Margo Mulyo, Ngudi Makmur, Sido Dadi, Sido Makmur, Tambah Makmur, Tambah Rizki, and Sri Mulyo), with each group represented by five farmers. The training methods included analysis of soil chemicals, socialization, practical propagation of Trichoderma sp. on rice media, and biofertilizer production. Pre-test and post-tests were conducted to assess the improvement in farmers' knowledge. Trichoderma biofertilizer was formulated using carriers such as a) Manure and b) Compost, zeolite, and humic acid. The results of the soil chemical properties analysis showed that farmers' use of chemical fertilizers was very intensive, resulting in very high levels of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) and high levels of potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and cation exchange capacity (KTK). Evaluation results indicated that the training significantly improved the farmers' knowledge of biofertilizer production in theory and practice. However, some farmers still need further guidance on the propagation of the biological agent Trichoderma sp.

PERAN KELOMPOK TANI DAN PENGGUNAAN SARANA PRODUKSI PADA KEGIATAN USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA KOMBA-KOMBA KECAMATAN KABANGKA KABUPATEN MUNA

The issues encountered in maize farming activities in Komba-Komba Village can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the knowledge and expertise of farmers in this area remain limited. Secondly, the role of farmer groups is not yet fully realised. Thirdly, the utilisation of production resources, including seeds, fertilisers and pesticides, is not optimised. The objective of this study was to ascertain the utilisation of production facilities and the function of farmer groups in maize farming activities in Komba-Komba Village, Kabangka Subdistrict, Muna Regency. The research informants were selected purposefully, with specific criteria in mind. Consequently, the research informants totaled 13 individuals, comprising farmer group administrators, specifically two farmer group leaders, two secretaries, two treasurers, six farmer group members, and the village head. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis using interview guides. This study focuses on the utilization of production facilities and the role of farmer groups in maize farming. The research employs a qualitative descriptive analysis approach to data analysis, comprising three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that farmer groups in Komba-Komba Village serve as a conduit for collaboration in maize farming activities. This is evidenced by the presence of groups that engage in joint efforts between the farmer group leaders and members during the farming process. Furthermore, the role of farmer groups has not been as effective as the function of farmer groups. In terms of production facilities, farmers in Komba-Komba Village provide these for maize farming activities, including seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, using their own capital.

Affection and Responsibility: Driving Mechanism of Local Tourism Employment of Farmers in Ethnic Villages

In tourism employment, the participation of farmers is closely linked to the development of ethnic villages. Existing literature often overlooks the role of farmers’ non-economic rationality factors in their employment behavior. This study investigated the mechanism of farmers’ livelihood capital, place attachment, and family care on their local tourism employment behavior. The research found: First, livelihood capital facilitates farmers’ participation in local tourism employment, with place attachment mediating the correlation between livelihood capital and participation of farmers in local tourism employment, and family care positively moderating their participation in local tourism employment. Second, three distinct configurations drive farmers’ participation in local tourism employment. Third, complementary and substitution effects exist between livelihood capitals. Fourth, place attachment and family care demonstrate a masking effect. The government should actively maintain farmers’ place attachment, address farmers’ family care difficulties, guide farmers to utilize the substitution and complementary influences of livelihood capital and select appropriate paths to promote farmers’ participation in local tourism employment.

ANALISIS KINERJA PETANI JAHE MENGGUNAKAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (Analysis Of Ginger Farmers' Performance Using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares In West Manggarai)

This research aims to analyze the factors influencing the performance of red ginger farmers in Wae Bangka and Wae Mowol Villages, Lembor District, West Manggarai Regency. Specifically, this study investigates the impact of internal and external factors on farmer performance, as well as the role of entrepreneurial orientation as a mediating variable. The results show that internal and external factors have a positive but insignificant effect on the performance of red ginger farmers. Analysis of the relationships between variables reveals that entrepreneurial orientation as a moderating variable has an influence on farmer performance. Furthermore, it was found that internal factors do not moderate the influence of external factors on farmer performance. This study also reveals the important role of entrepreneurial orientation as a mediator. Entrepreneurial orientation is proven to mediate the influence of internal factors on farmer performance. However, entrepreneurial orientation does not mediate the influence of external factors on the performance of red ginger farmers in the region. This research provides valuable insights into the dynamics affecting the performance of red ginger farmers in Wae Bangka and Wae Mowol Villages, and highlights the importance of developing entrepreneurial orientation in improving farmer performance.

Pemberdayaan Petani Desa Borehbangle Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Cair Organik Jenis NPK dan Urea

The majority of the Borehbangle village community works as farmers, and their main need in supporting agriculture is fertilizer. However, the farmers face challenges in obtaining subsidized fertilizers from the government, causing concern. Additionally, the farmers lack the skills to process organic fertilizer into liquid fertilizer that they can utilize. Therefore, the objective of this community service is to assist farmers in improving their skills in processing organic fertilizer into liquid fertilizer that can be used in agricultural activities. The partners in this service project are the farmers of Borehbangle village and the Agricultural Service Agency (BPP) of Merakurak. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR), with approaches that include mapping, transect walks, field notes, seasonal calendars, Venn diagrams, flow charts, as well as historical tracing and problem trees. The community service team collaborated with BPP Merakurak to conduct training on producing organic liquid fertilizers, specifically NPK and urea. The results of this project show that the farmers actively participated in the socialization and direct training on producing organic liquid fertilizers. Moreover, they are now able to apply this knowledge independently at their homes. This training had a significant impact on improving the farmers' self-reliance in addressing fertilizer issues, ultimately supporting the sustainability of agriculture in Borehbangle village.

THE TOPONYMY OF THE VILLAGE OF PADESH, BLAGOEVGRAD AREA – SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION AND STRUCTURAL SPECIFICS

The present text describes the toponymy of the village of Padesh, Blagoevgrad area. It represents a semantic classification of the place names and observes their structural specifics. The text also mentions some word-formation and morphological peculiarities. More than 210 microtoponyms and oykonyms are classified in three main groups. The first group analyses toponyms derived from geographical characteristics or from some other specifics of the place. The group contains 98 names and the analysis shows that 47 of them include geographical terms. The second group observes toponyms reflected by cultural history of Padesh - names related to the village agriculture and forestry, religious concepts and settlement structure. The most of the toponyms are classified as a possessives in the third group. The least of them are formed by а personal name, а nickname or by an adjective. The other ones are names for ownership, derived by proper names and some specific suffixes such as -ица and -ец. The most of the toponyms in that group come from resident/ family names or have as a constituent a possessive adjective. All the names are analyzed as simple toponyms, complex toponyms and compounds. The text finds that the toponymy of the village of Padesh contains mostly simple place names, less often the toponyms formed by an adjective and a noun and just two of the place names are compounds.

Edukasi Daur Ulang Minyak Goreng Bekas Menjadi Produk Aroma Terapi Ramah Lingkungan di Kelurahan Jelupang

Used oil is produced every day in every home, in its use, mothers are still not aware of the dangers that will be caused by the repeated use of used oil. The need for training to provide knowledge and be active in the environmental health of neighborhood neighborhoods in the Jelupang Village area of South Tangerang It is a must, considering the rainy season that has begun to be frequent, the disposal of used oil waste will clog the sewers in the Jelupang Village environment. With a qualitative approach in this Jelupang KKN, providing ideas for this training The results of the study show that this training program received a warm welcome from mothers who are members of the Jelupang Village Farmer Women's Group, who are waste bank activists in the village, and have been well coordinated, making it easier to conduct the training. They already have a stock of used cooking oil which is withdrawn and deposited every Wednesday per neighborhood in the village, the activists get new knowledge in creative use with a variety of models and sales results, with a variety of fragrances.

Keanekaragaman, Dominansi, Daya Adaptasi dan Kehilangan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogeae L.) Akibat Kompetisi Gulma Berdaun Lebar di Lahan Kering

The aim of this research is to determine the weed species that play the greatest role in causing yield loss of several peanut varieties in dry land. The research was carried out on dry land owned by farmers in Pesanggrahan village, Montong Gading sub-district, East Lombok Regency, for 8 months. The research consisted of two stages, the first stage was descriptive research which aimed to observe the character of weed diversity using the basic principles of vegetation analysis, to obtain data on weed growth, population, density, frequency and dominance. Meanwhile, the second study used an experimental method, and the experiment was designed using a randomized block design, with a split plot pattern. As the main plot there are three varieties of peanuts, namely the Kidang, Gajah and Kelinci varieties. Meanwhile, the sub-plot consists of five treatments, namely weed-free plants during their growth, plants with weeds of all types of weeds during their growth, plants with weeds only from grasses, sedges and broad leaves during their growth. The results of the research show that Poaceae weeds are dominant during plant growth with quite high distribution and dominance index values, so they remain dominant during plant growth. The adaptability of the three varieties of rabbits, sheep and elephants is very low in the grass weed growing environment. The adaptability of the Elephant variety is higher than that of Rabbits and Sheep, especially in plant growing environments with sedge and broad-leaved weeds. The highest loss of crop yield occurred in the treatment of all types of weed plants and in the treatment of weed plants. Meanwhile, the lowest occurred in the treatment of broad leaf weed plants.