Sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production, is evolving with significant advancements in sustainability and technology. This review deals with recent trends and innovations in Sericulture, highlighting the potential of sericulture by-products in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and biofuel production. The application of biotechnological methods, including genetic engineering and bio-nanotechnology, has revolutionized silk production, enhancing silk quality and yield. The integration of advanced techniques and the diversification of silk applications, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and agriculture, promise to enhance the economic viability of sericulture. The review emphasizes the need for comprehensive research on by-product utilization and development of sericulture models to boost sustainability and profitability of the industry. By balancing traditional practices with modern advancements, sericulture is poised for a sustainable and prosperous future.