Famous Questions Research Articles

Uniform explicit Stewart theorem on prime factors of linear recurrences

Stewart (2013) proved that the largest prime divisor of the $n$th term of a Lucas sequence of integers grows quicker than $n$, answering famous questions of Erdős and Schinzel. In this note we obtain a fully explicit and, in a sense, uniform version of St

On the subject of serial killer. Psychological assessment from the handwriting

From research conducted since 2010, at the Chair of Forensic Psychopathology directed by prof. Vincenzo Mastronardi of the Sapienza University of Rome and in the context of the teaching of Psychography at the Masters in Criminology and in more scientific fields, the attention focus was addressed, on the research related to the psychographological examination on the subject of Serial Killer (subject of this article ), Sex Offenders, Stalker, Classic Mass Murder, Family Mass Murder, Mothers Figlicide and other criminal phenomenologies with the intent to highlight where existing, characteristics and graphological indices, similar to the various subjects responsible for the same type of crime and therefore possible 'patterns graphological 'to be highlighted as a symptomatic graphic imprint of a certain' behavioral model '. Proceeding with the graphological comparison, albeit between different personality structures, some peculiarities were found such as, for example, the signs that lead to the aggressiveness, a typical distinctive trait among others, of the Serial Assassins, including certain deficits in the affective-sexual area.Interesting what emerged from the aforementioned study. Considering that Psychography is an effective indicator of the personality structure, therefore representing an excellent tool for revealing the deepest dynamics of the individual both at an intrapsychic and interpersonal level, (without any diagnostic hypothesis), writing can be considered as indicated above, an imprint graphics of the "individual psychism" and the percentage of certainty is about 80%, where, however, there is no possibility of simulating or dissimulating, for a series of specific factors. Research in the field of Serial Killers has already oriented towards the tangible manifestation of aggressive instances, significant problems in the affective-sexual sphere, as well as a particularly accentuated narcissistic trait. Serial killings are personal in nature and the application of behavioral analysis by means of the psychographological reading key directs us to understand the deeper dynamics that triggered in the subject, thus also answering some famous questions of criminology such as, for example, why and what led him to commit such crimes.

Athletic Women’s Experiences of Amenorrhea: Biomedical Technologies, Somatic Ethics and Embodied Subjectivities

Taking inspiration from Nikolas Rose (2007a, 2007b) and feminist new materialists, this paper creates space for athletic women’s voices of their biological and social bodies, and particularly their interactions with the medical professions and biomedical technologies. Drawing upon interviews with 10 female athletes and recreational exercisers who have experienced amenorrhea as a result of their exercise and dieting practices, it reveals how these women, as ‘somatic subjects’, are “reformulating their own answers to Kant’s three famous questions—what can I know? What must I do? What may I hope?—in the age of the molecular biopolitics of life itself” (Rose 2007a, p. 257). In so doing, we see that not all women are docile bodies within such operations of medical power and knowledge, and the “somatic ethics” being practiced by athletic women diagnosed with amenorrhea vary considerably, ranging from rejection and resistance to acceptance of medical advice. Ultimately, this paper challenges scholars of the moving body to consider what the ‘biological turn in social theory’ might mean for our field, and our understandings of moving bodies beyond the biology/culture dualism.

“What sort of person ought I to be?” – Repositioning EPs in light of the Children and Families Bill (2013)

The changes brought by the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) code of practice: 0 to 25 years, 2014, is an opportunity for educational psychologists (EPs) to reposition ourselves so that we can improve our contribution to the services for children and young people with special educational needs (SENs) or a disability. Underpinning such a repositioning is a reaffirmation of our core moral principles of promoting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and social justice. Taking up a new position is difficult. However one way of thinking about it is reminding ourselves of our values. Values underpin our morality and interact with a person’s character (virtue). Socrates’ famous rhetorical questions remains unanswered for EPs “what sort of person ought I to be?” The purposes of this article is to draw attention to the moral principles that could underpin our work with the new code and lead us to build our practice around advocacy, practice based evidence and a social model of disability

Two questions concerning covering systems

Ever since Erdős introduced the concept of a covering system in 1950, many questions have arisen regarding the existence of certain types of covering systems. Two of the most famous questions regarding covering systems are the odd covering problem and the minimum modulus problem. In the current paper, we ask two questions that are related to these famous questions and provide results for each.

On aims and methods of psychiatry - a reminiscence of 50 years of Tinbergen's famous questions about the biology of behavior.

BackgroundIn 1963, Nicolaas Tinbergen published an article on “the aims and methods of ethology” in which he identified a fundamental framework for the scientific inquiry into the understanding of biological phenomena. In particular, he emphasized to not only study what he called the “proximate” causes, that is, mechanism and ontogeny of a given trait, but to include evolutionary explanations, i.e., the phylogeny and adaptive properties of that trait.DiscussionWhile influential in the field of biology and to some degree medicine, psychiatry has fallen short of adopting Tinbergen’s approach. This article aims at discussing why Tinbergen’s précis has lost nothing of its attractiveness to psychiatry as a medical discipline. Examples will be given for the analysis of emotions, attachment and psychotherapy.SummaryTinbergen has bequeathed to us a scientific framework that can greatly advance our understanding of psychiatric conditions and improve diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, with similar potential for medicine in general.

Equiano’s Trifles

This article asks what we might learn by attending to the form of Olaudah Equiano’s Interesting Narrative . Henry Louis Gates, Jr. first took seriously the structure and tropes of Equiano’s work, but Vincent Carretta’s famous questions about Equiano's birthplace have eclipsed other lines of inquiry. Suggesting that there is much we have missed in the Interesting Narrative in this turn away from form, I argue that a counterplot runs through the text, one shaped through textual clusters I refer to (using Equiano’s keyword) as “trifles.” In this counterplot Equiano expresses thoughts and emotions not containable within contemporary abolitionist discourse.

CHILDREN’S DRAWINGS AS EXPRESSIONS OF “NARRATIVE PHILOSOPHIZING” CONCEPTS OF DEATH A COMPARISON OF GERMAN AND JAPANESE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

One of Kant’s famous questions about being human asks, “What may I hope?” This question places individual life within an encompassing horizon of human history and speculates on the possibility of perspectives beyond death. In our time mortality is generally repressed, though the development of personal consciousness is closely linked to realization of one’s finitude. This raises especially urgent questions for children, and they are left to deal with them alone. From the time awareness begins, knowledge that death can occur at any moment is one of the a priori determinants of being alive; that is, life is structured in advance by its future pastness. (Scheler, Heidegger, Fink, Simmel). According to Max Scheler, death reveals itself as a necessary and manifest constituent of all possible inner experiences in the life process. The cultural and individual interpretations of death’s meaning and consequences derived from this insight opened up an ample space for imagined possibilities of “continued existence,” which affected approaches to life. In our research project “Inochi – The Concept of Life after Death in Children’s Construction of the World. A German-Japanese Comparison,” carried out with German and Japanese research support, we examine concepts developed within the community of inquiry concerning “the individual’s afterlife” as soul, angel, animal, star, etc. In this we want to examine whether a globalized media environment leads to a cultural convergence in children’s ideas, and whether there are differences between views of girls and boys. Relevance of ideas about death is seen in the example of Japanese children who, believing in reincarnation chose “killing oneself” with relative frequency as a problem-solving strategy. Our contribution will present children’s imaginings using the drawings they created within this framework, since these can be interpreted as expressions of “narrative philosophizing,” especially for the Japanese children. Here we follow Mark Johnson who says” Human beings are imaginative synthesizing animals” (1993 p.152). These imaginations make up a large part of our understanding, not just our beliefs, but rather our socially constructed way of being in and inhabiting a world.

Three‐spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus as a model for exploring behavioural biology

Niko Tinbergen chose the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus for his classic behavioural studies because they are small, robust, common and easy to house in the laboratory under reasonably natural conditions and also because their behaviour, while sufficiently simple to be tractable, is still sufficiently complex to be interesting. An analysis of citation records shows that this was an inspired choice. Research on these small fish has addressed all four of Tinbergen's famous questions (causation, development, functions and evolution) and has contributed to the understanding of many different behavioural systems. The G. aculeatus literature is used here to explore several themes in fundamental behavioural biology (diet choice, shoaling, behavioural syndromes and sexual signalling) and the extent to which research using G. aculeatus has informed both fundamental and applied behavioural biology, the latter in the context of aquaculture research.

Guidelines for the development of e-learning systems by means of proactive questions

The current development approaches for e-learning systems fail to explain in a clear and consistent way the pedagogical principles that support them. Moreover, decisions with regard to the structuration of each component proposed by these approaches are mainly taken by the designer/developer. As a result, the ensuing e-learning systems reflect “common sense” rather than a theoretically informed and systematic design. The present paper proposes a global architecture model for any e-learning system whose blocks are extracted from the analysis of the main approaches that currently guide the development of these kinds of systems. We use Kipling’s famous questions to define and structure the blocks of the proposed model, and we base the answers to these questions on two disciplines that are closed to e-learning: presential education (i.e., its pedagogical theories) and knowledge management.

Descartes and the Passionate Mind (review)

Reviewed by: Descartes and the Passionate Mind Sean Greenberg Deborah J. Brown . Descartes and the Passionate Mind. Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Pp. xi + 231. Cloth, $85.00. In the past two decades, Descartes's last work, The Passions of the Soul, has received considerable attention from Descartes scholars. In the first English-language monograph on the Passions, Deborah Brown mounts a case for the work's philosophical significance. Brown takes Descartes's treatment of the passions to extend the discussion of the mind-body union initiated in the Sixth Meditation, and in her book seeks "to show that it is the passions more than any other modes of mind that are fundamental to our experience of unity, and to show why that experience is necessary to our practical and theoretical enterprises, insofar as these depend on the co-operation of the body" (7). Brown also claims that "the value of the 'little treatise' [the Passions] extends beyond the narrow topic of the passions and bears upon a proper understanding of Descartes's whole thought" (10). [End Page 499] In the first two chapters of the book, Brown puts the Passions in historical context and thereby establishes her book's interpretive framework. In chapter one, she locates the Passions in relation to Descartes's writings. She naturally begins by considering Descartes's correspondence with Princess Elizabeth, since his sustained reflection on the passions began in this correspondence. Brown suggests that the Passions may be seen as a kind of response to Elizabeth's famous questions about Cartesian dualism, and claims that "the search for congruence between reason and passion"—a recurring theme of the correspondence with Elizabeth—"is the overarching theme of the Passions, and the one that unifies it" (13). She concludes the chapter by advancing the interesting interpretive hypothesis that the Passions "complements the Meditations and extends its project into the practical realm" (27). In chapter two, Brown succinctly and usefully locates the Passions in the context of related work by Descartes's predecessors and contemporaries, examining a range of texts from both the medical and philosophical traditions. According to Brown, Descartes's approach to the passions is distinctive because it reflects the "unitary" conceptions of mind and body that Descartes derives from his metaphysics. The remainder of the book divides into two parts: chapters 3–5 treat theoretical issues about the passions, while chapters 6–8 treat practical issues. In chapters 3–5, Brown examines, in turn, the function of the passions in promoting the survival of the embodied mind, their intentionality and ontological status, advancing distinctive positions on all these topics. The discussion of the function of the passions in chapter three is the most interesting and novel interpretive contribution of this part of the book. Brown argues that the passions are functionally related to, although distinct from, sensations: her suggestion seems to be that sensations give the embodied mind information, and passions somehow respond to that information in order to motivate action. While Brown is absolutely right to emphasize the motivational function of the passions, her interpretation of their function is somewhat underdeveloped, and could be strengthened with more attention to the relation between sensations and the passions, on the one hand, and the passions and the will, on the other. In chapters 6–8, Brown considers themes in Descartes's Passions and related writings that have received relatively little scholarly attention: the role of the passions of wonder and love in promoting and sustaining the search for knowledge, including self-knowledge, the relation between the passions and self-mastery, and the place of the passions in the virtuous life. Although Brown's discussion in these chapters is very imaginative—her comparison between Descartes's and Machiavelli's conceptions of virtue in chapter eight is particularly intriguing—she does not make an especially convincing case for the depth or significance of Descartes's thinking about issues in moral psychology, which is somewhat piecemeal. Brown's book is historically and philosophically rich and provocative. Her discussion in chapters 3–5 deftly illustrates the way in which attention to the Passions helps to shed a new light on long-standing questions in the interpretation of...

Money and mental wellbeing: A longitudinal study of medium-sized lottery wins

One of the famous questions in social science is whether money makes people happy. We offer new evidence by using longitudinal data on a random sample of Britons who receive medium-sized lottery wins of between £1000 and £120,000 (that is, up to approximately US$ 200,000). When compared to two control groups – one with no wins and the other with small wins – these individuals go on eventually to exhibit significantly better psychological health. Two years after a lottery win, the average measured improvement in mental wellbeing is 1.4 GHQ points.

Money and Mental Wellbeing: A Longitudinal Study of Medium-Sized Lottery Wins

One of the famous questions in social science is whether money makes people happy. We offer new evidence by using longitudinal data on a random sample of Britons who receive medium-sized lottery wins of between £1000 and £120,000 (that is, up to approximately U.S. $200,000). When compared to two control groups - one with no wins and the other with small wins - these individuals go on eventually to exhibit significantly better psychological health. Two years after a lottery win, the average measured improvement in mental wellbeing is 1.4 GHQ points.

Las (sin)razones de la esperanza en Javier Muguerza e Immanuel Kant

The aim of this text is to highlight the Kantian influence upon the thought of Javier Muguerza, an influence which is evident in Muguerza's three «Critiques»: The Critique of Analytic Reason, The Critique of Dialogic Reason and The Critique of Oniric Reason . But Kant's influence can also be detected in the so-called «imperative of dissidence» with which Muguerza wants to render contemporary the three versions of the Kantian categorical imperative, and which also leads him to propose, in a Blochian manner, a primacy of utopia. In short, Muguerza invites us to pose again aH the famous Kantian questions, even if he is more interested in those that Kant left open, than in those which he himself replied too We have to be thankful to Muguerza for the translation of these questions into contemporary philosophical queries.

Seneca and the Moon: the Cultural Importance of Our Satellite

Scientists answered the famous Leopardian questions [“Tell me, silent Moon, what are you doing in the sky, silent Moon?”] since ancient times. Among them, Seneca (4 B.C.-65 A.c.) answered: the presence of the Moon in the sky makes us good (by making the corn grow, etc.). Just like the whole Universe, it is a part of the world that is the best of possible ones. And so, the movements of the Moon are regulated as a perfect machine.

The myth of the martians and the golden age of Hungarian science

Enrico Fermi was a man with outstanding talents, he had many interests outside his own particular field. He was credited with asking famous questions. There are long preambles to Fermi's questions like this: — ‘The universe is vast, containing myriads of stars, many of them not unlike our Sun. Many of these stars are likely to have planets circling around them. A fair fraction of these planets will have liquid water on their surface and a gaseous atmosphere. The energy pouring down from a star will cause the synthesis of organic compounds, turning the ocean into a thin, warm soup. These chemicals will join each other to produce a self-reproducing system. The simplest living things will multiply, and evolve by natural selection and become more complicated. And eventually active, thinking creatures will emerge. Civilization, science and technology will follow. Then, yearning for fresh worlds, they will travel to neighboring planets, and later to planets of nearby stars. Eventually they should spread out all over the Galaxy. These highly exceptional and talented people could hardly overlook such a beautiful place as our Earth’. And so Fermi came to his overwhelming question, — ‘If all this has been happening, they should have arrived here by now, so where are they?’ It was Leo Szilard, a man with an impish sense of humor who supplied the perfect reply to Fermi's rhetoric: ‘They are among us’, he said, ‘but they call themselves Hungarians’.

Famous Springfield Questions in 1846

Famous Springfield Questions in 1846

Art. IX.—A Historical Basis for the Questions of King ‘Menander,’ from the Tibetan, etc.

It may interest students of Buddhism to learn that the famous Questions of King ‘Milinda’ appear to be known to the Tibetans.Last year (1895), when I was making inquiries on this subject from Lāmas at Darjiling, I found that most of the Lāmas knew of the existence in their literature of conversations purporting to have been held between Nāgasēna and a certain ancient king, who, however, was named ‘Ananta,’ and not ‘Menander’ or ‘Milinda.’ I failed to procure any Tibetan text or book bearing on this question, except the few references which will presently be cited. But from the character of the questions, as quoted from memory by the Lāmas, and the statement that this king Ananta was the greatest of Nāgasēna's converts, there could be little doubt that he is intended for the same person as the ‘Milinda’ (or Menander) of the Pāli text.