Family Travel Research Articles

Everyday travel for families with children using wheelchairs: parents’ perceptions of constraints and adaptation strategies

ABSTRACTThere is a norm assuming high mobility in the Western world today, which can increase the social and geographical exclusion of those who have limited possibilities to travel, such as people with disabilities. When it is a child who has the disability, travel-related constraints are likely to affect the whole family’s travel patterns. This study explores travel constraints among Swedish families with children with cerebral palsy who use wheelchairs. A time-geographical framework is employed. Interviews with parents show that these families’ everyday mobility is affected by authority, capacity and coupling constraints, and that it is often a combination of these constraints that makes travelling difficult. The families use different strategies to negotiate these constraints. In addition to strategies controlled by the families, the findings suggest that there is also a need for governmental support and a barrier-free transport system to enhance their mobility.

Exploring the Influence of Family Holiday Travel on the Subjective Well-being of Chinese Adolescents

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore the influence of family holiday travel on the subjective well-being (SWB) of Chinese adolescents. Surveys were distributed at two public middle schools in the urban area of a large city located in the eastern part of Mainland China. Participants were middle school students aged between 12 and 15 years (grades 7–9). By using Labor Day in China as an experimental context, this study applied a longitudinal research design. Findings suggest that family holiday travel influences the global life satisfaction; contentment with school, self and leisure life; positive and negative affects of adolescents. In particular, there is a short-term lift-up effect of family holiday travel on the SWB of adolescent travelers. However, the results suggest that the benefits of family holiday travel in terms of SWB diminish when adolescent students return to school. Moreover, students who travel with their families during holidays have significantly higher post-holiday SWB than their non-traveling counterparts. The current study advances our knowledge on the influence of family travel on the SWB of adolescents. Recommendations for parents, schools, and the government were put forward.

Examining Chinese adult children’s motivations for traveling with their parents

This study examines Chinese adult children’s holiday travel with their parents as a unique type of family travel. A netnographic examination of 158 detailed online blogs was conducted to explore the adult children’s motivations for taking such travels. The results of the netnographic study revealed that the motivations for traveling with their parents by Chinese young adults include health and recovery, novelty and knowledge, commemoration and celebration, dream fulfillment, family togetherness and relationship, compensation and reward, expression of filial piety, escape and relaxation, and pleasure seeking. These motivations can be classified as parent-oriented motivations, family-oriented motivations and self-oriented motivations. The study identifies features of the adult children-senior parents’ travel market and offers insights about the continuity of family roles in the social context of an aging Chinese society. Marketing implications for this growing Chinese market are provided.

Sole surfers?: exploring family status and travel behaviour among surf travellers

ABSTRACT Surf tourism is a growing industry making an impact on many countries around the world. Research on surf tourism has increased exponentially in the past 15 years. Previous research indicates surf travellers have spending power and will travel often for surfing. Segments among surf travellers have been explored, but demographics related to family life cycle have been overlooked. An online survey was used to capture a global sample of 198 surfers regarding surf travel habits and preferences. This study explores the relationship between certain demographics, such as age and family life cycle, on six surf travel behaviours. Results showed significant relationships between partnership and parenthood and certain surf travel behaviours. The findings are discussed in light of their relevance for the surf tourism industry and future surf travel research.

Vacation co-creation: the case of Chinese family travelers

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide a nuanced understanding of Chinese family tourists’ value co-creation by examining three important aspects of family vacation: What do families do during vacation? How do they make meaning of what they do? Do travelers’ role identities within their families play a role in the value creation process?Design/methodology/approachUpon reviewing related theoretical work, the authors undertook a mixed-method study consisting of both survey data and in-depth interviews.FindingsThe analysis revealed three clusters of family interactional content, including We open and share our worlds, We build knowledge and skills and We co-create and co-evaluate, and five clusters of family travelers, including Outdoor enthusiasts, Socializers, Nature lovers, Culture admirers and Relaxation seekers. Family roles, life situations and destination environments also interfaced with family activity participation and family conversations. A family vacation value co-creation process framework with four propositions was, thus, proposed.Research limitations/implicationsFurther exploration and validation of the proposed framework and propositions which emerged from the findings of this study are needed. Impacts of various family types and relational dynamics also warrant future investigation.Practical implicationsThe results of family interactional and relational well-being facilitated by family vacation are pertinent to academia, industry and public policy-making.Social implicationsFamily vacation can be a positive intervention for the creation of family value and a means of meaning-making. Programs that integrate multiple family roles and address family-level value propositions would be collectively enriching.Originality/valueThe current study initiated a pioneering investigation by providing a depiction of how family travelers experience and make sense of a shared tourism experience, along with their value perceptions in such a co-created consumptive scenario.

Girls and Dolls: The Biopolitics of Gender and Race in Lucía Puenzo's Wakolda

Girls and DollsThe Biopolitics of Gender and Race in Lucía Puenzo's Wakolda Erin K. Hogan introduction In her novel and film Wakolda 2013), Argentine writer- director Lucía Puenzo employs a transnational perspective to explore the discipline, racial hygiene, and biopower of two nation-building projects. Puenzo's tale, set in Patagonia in 1960, alludes to the indigenous targets of Argentina's Conquest of the Desert and the children and mother marks of Germany's National Socialism. These populations coincide in the narration of a German-Argentine family's travel along the desert road to reopen their boarding house in Bariloche, where an enclave of Nazi sympathizers resides. Nazi doctor Joseph Mengele's (Alex Brendemühl) treatment of the underdeveloped child protagonist and her mestiza doll, Wakolda, demonstrates Nazism's biopolitics, per Michel Foucault, and the immunitary dispositifs of thanatopolitics, per Roberto Esposito. By virtue of these interventions, Puenzo proposes a parallel of aggression towards two populations: the non-Aryan child and the non-European Mapuche. Drawing upon Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita (1955) and the German legend of the Pied Piper of Hamelin (1842), Puenzo reveals how the fugitive is able to seduce the child protagonist, Lilith (Florencia Bado), and her family into cooperation with his experiments. Puenzo's critically acclaimed works are transnational in their narrative, production, and distribution. In 2013, Puenzo adapted and directed her own novel Wakolda to the big screen. The film won ten Argentine Academy of Arts and Sciences awards, including Best Film and Best Director. The feature was awarded Silver Condors from the Argentinian Film Critics Association in the aforementioned categories with the addition of Best Adapted Screenplay. Her novel has been translated into four languages (English, French, German, and Hungarian) and her film has been distributed around the world. Puenzo's family-owned company produced El médico alemán in collaboration with production companies from Argentina as well as from France, Germany, Norway, and Spain. I will continue to refer to the novel as Wakolda while I discuss the film as El médico alemán (2013; The German Doctor), the name by which it was distributed outside Latin America.1 This nomenclature, besides serving to distinguish between [End Page 246] the two cultural products, allows me to emphasize a key difference in the two texts: the novel comparatively explores Argentina's indigenous backstory while the film focuses on the German doctor. The literary work is divided into two parts, which are named after Lilith's two dolls: Herlitzka, during which her family travels through the desert and stays with a Mapuche family, and Wakolda, which transpires in Bariloche. Puenzo significantly abbreviates the novel's first part, Herlitzka, for the screenplay. Gender, sexuality, and medical intervention are common themes in two of Puenzo's three feature films, most notably XXY (2007) and El médico alemán 2013). In her most recent feature-length film, Puenzo returns to the crime thriller, which she pursued in El niño pez (2009; The Fish Child). Her films explore issues of identity and are set in Argentina; nevertheless, Puenzo's themes and genre conventions have proven very popular with international art film audiences. Deborah Shaw's observation of XXY is again true of El médico alemán: "There is a close relationship between local/intimate/subjective spaces and transnational production and exhibition, which points to the foreign audiences' desires to look inside the homes and hearts of the Latin American protagonists" (169). Thus, I see that Puenzo's cinematic glocality this time utilizes the Nazi thriller to explore Argentine genocides while addressing an international audience.2 I wish to illuminate how this transnational perspective on the Nazi doctor's exile in Argentina points at local history. My discussion will dialogue with Michel Foucault's theorization of biopower, which names Nazism as its clearest example, and Roberto Esposito's thanatopolitics to examine the intersection of the child, gender, and race in Lucía Puenzo's novel and film. Both biopower and thanatopolitics illuminate the state's control over the life and death of its subjects and its prejudicial intervention in their biological life, killing in order to allow others to live, as...

Potential Tax Implications of NCAA Family Travel Allowances

Universities are under fire for their allocation of the significant revenues generated from their highest-profile sports: football and men’s basketball. The criticism stems from the allocation of funding, where most revenue is used to pay salaries to coaches and athletics administrators instead of benefiting the participating studentathletes. The family travel allowance is one small appeasement in addressing such criticisms. While this travel benefit is a generous gesture, there are potential income tax consequences. This article reviews the potential taxation of the travel allowance program. The article concludes with a sample university policy for the provision of travel stipends and a recommendation for an Internal Revenue Service ruling regarding the taxability of this benefit.

Pre-surgery evaluations by telephone decrease travel and cost for families of children with cerebral palsy.

Introduction:Children with cerebral palsy need highly specialized care. This can be very burdensome for families, particularly in large rural states, due to the need for long-distance travel to appointments. In this study, children undergoing the selective percutaneous myofascial lengthening surgery utilized a telephone-based telemedicine evaluation to assess for surgical eligibility. The goal was to avoid a separate preoperative clinic visit weeks before the surgery. If possible, eligibility was determined by telephone, and then, the patient could be scheduled for a clinic visit and possible surgery the next day, saving the family a trip. The purposes of the study were to calculate estimated reductions in miles traveled, in travel expenses, and in carbon emissions and to determine whether the telephone assessment was accurate and effective in determining eligibility for surgery.Methods:From 2010 to 2012, 279 patients were retrospectively reviewed, and of those, 161 mailed four-page questionnaire and anteroposterior pelvis X-ray followed by a telephone conference. Geographic information system methods were used to geocode patients by location. Savings in mileage and travel costs were calculated. From 2014 to 2015, 195 patients were additionally studied to determine accuracy and effectiveness.Results:The telephone prescreening method saved 106,070 miles in transportation over 3 years, a 38% reduction with US$55,326 in savings. Each family saved an average of 658 (standard deviation = 340) miles of travel and US$343.64 (standard deviation = US$178) in travel expenses. For each increase of 10 miles in distance from the health center, the odds of a patient utilizing telephone screening increased by 10% (odds ratio: 1.101, 95% confidence interval: 1.073–1.129, p < 0.001). After the telephone prescreening, 86% were determined to be likely candidates for the procedure. For 14%, a clinic visit only was scheduled, and they were not scheduled for surgery.Conclusion:Families seeking specialized surgical care for their disabled children particularly benefited from this approach.

House-ing Urban Kin

In Brazil’s post-neoliberal government, social policies became the bedrock for a new political economy predicated on poverty alleviation via market inclusion. This article draws from long-term ethnographical research conducted among beneficiaries of Minha Casa Minha Vida—Brazil’s largest housing policy. I am interested in the myriad ways policy designs and its contentious operation symbiotically reshape sociability and kin among first-time homeowners. I take a closer look at how ideas and configurations of the family travel across intimate and public domains—from communitarian politics to household economies—and are anxiously negotiated, becoming the indexer of experiential moral systems of care. Transitioning across multi-scalar instances of everyday sociality, I interrogate how such economies conflate with the infrastructures and pervasive imaginaries of the house in the local machineries of the policy.

Exploring Learning Outcomes of Domestic Travel Experiences Through Mothers' Voices

Study abroad and long-term international travel have been shown to result in learning of "generic skills," like decision making and patience. However, examination of the benefits of domestic travel is scarce. In this exploratory study, women with children were asked to reflect on domestic travel experiences. They all felt that travel was educational, but they had not often reflected on this experiential learning. Learning outcomes from domestic travel included content knowledge, practical knowledge, interpersonal skills, and personal growth, which were similar outcomes as international travel. Many felt their children learned through domestic family travel experiences and that travel is an important supplement to classroom education. Reflection on the learning outcomes of travel helped individuals to realize that their personal travel had been educative, supporting the applicability of Kolb's experiential learning model to travel. It is recommended that travel providers and educators encourage travelers to reflect on what they learned while traveling. A process model is presented that travel may lead to learning and that this learning may encourage travel.

Uticaj bazičnih demografskih karakteristika dece potrošača na kupovinu porodičnog putovanja

Uticaj bazičnih demografskih karakteristika dece potrošača na kupovinu porodičnog putovanja

Millennial Generation Outbound Travel Market, the Case of Oporto

In Europe, short city breaks are popular. Tourism is characterized by shorter and more frequent trips, spaced throughout the year, lower spending per tourist and making use of low cost airlines. We witnessed a democratization of the use of air transport, traveling who cannot afford this activity in the past and increasing travel the frequency of those who have travelled. This change in travel habits affect the travel industry and hospitality. Oporto is currently one of Europe’s tourist destinations with the highest growth, which is due mainly to increased demand from tourists for city breaks. Recognition is generally as shown in the Lonely Planet magazine that indicated Oporto as the fourth best European destination in 2012. The city of Oporto was considered the best European destination of 2017 by the site “European Best Destinations”. Oporto Airport is located only 11 km from the city center. It is the second airport in the country in passenger traffic, only surpassed by Lisbon. Low-cost airlines reduce the annual seasonality of tourist demand in the region. More tourists directly and indirectly stimulate activity, particularly by generating spillovers and other positive externalities. The internet has exploded with a plethora of online sites that directly sell travel and tourism services and products to consumers. ‘Millennials’ are a large market segment who apparently have special characteristics such as the desire for authentic cultural experiences and who use technology intensively. The objective of this work is to answer a set of questions related with young people of the Oporto region in their travels. Do they travel more often? How do they behave as tourists? Do they take advantage of a low cost carriers hub? Do they also travel in off-peak periods? The data collection method for the study was the questionnaire inquiry. The inquiry contained 22 questions, the majority of them of multiple choice. 140 valid surveys were randomly collected. The presence of a low cost carrier hub has as a consequence that young people from Oporto are traveling and using the plane. The Internet is the favourite method for organizing the trip. The type of tourism preferred are sun and sea and cultural tourism. Increased seasonality in people traveling with friends than in the case of family travel. Positive correlations for airplane and heritage. Positive correlation for airplane and travel in the winter.

ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ПРОЕКТНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ МАЛОГО РЕКРЕАЦИОННО-ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

The article deals with the architectural design of the recreational and tourist complex “School traveler Fyodor Konyukhov” in the Domodedovo district of Moscow region, near the village Bityagovo. The paper notes the problem of quality recreation spaces and their organizations for teenagers analyzes the necessary steps to arrange such spaces on the basis of the bottom of the project where you will be training and preparing children and their parents to family travel. The basic concepts of architectural complex formation, given the technical characteristics of the project goals and objectives of the project. The main objectives of the project “clearing rallies”: spiritual and moral education; promoting tourism and a healthy lifestyle; the military-Patriotic upbringing of youth in spirit of devotion and love for his Homeland; physical training of children and youth to challenging treks and expeditions; the development of creative and sporting talent in children; help the youth in determining their life path. The plans of the investors of the project cultural events: organization of meetings of youth groups from all over Russia; celebration of important historical dates; the holding of thematic festivals and exhibitions; festivals and finding new talent; contests and events; creation Museum travelers and the Russian walk of Fame; the creation of children’s theatre; classes in astronomy with experts, workshops; planting and study of trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, including medicinal.

Vacation Benefits and Activities

Family as a travel unit is an emerging phenomenon in China. This market segment, however, has not received as much scholarly attention as it deserves. This study investigated the vacation benefits that Chinese families pursue and their destination activity participation. Factor analysis revealed four dimensions of vacation benefits sought, namely, Communication and Togetherness, Shared Exploration, Escape and Relaxation, and Experiential Learning for Children. Taking pictures and videos was noted to be the most prevalent activity that Chinese family travelers were engaged in. This study further explored the interrelationships between the benefit-sought domains and destination activities. The results identified significant linkages between the two. The uncovered associations suggested that vacation activities served as a functional means to an end for Chinese families. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings were discussed, followed by recommendations for future research.

“We Don’t Need Money, We Need to be Together”: Forced Transnationality in Deportation’s Afterlives

ABSTRACTAs US deportations and repatriations climbed to unprecedented levels, half of Mexican immigrants deported have at least one family member who is a US citizen, and one in five have at least one child who is a US citizen. This paper applies the analytic of forced transnationality, extending its scope beyond one person’s deportation to reveal cascading effects of travel and trauma for families remaking lives across the US-Mexico border. To do so, our research draws on interviews with mixed-status families, where transnational children have legal permission to reside in the US (including citizenship) and live with caregivers (like parents) who do not. In the wake of the rupture of prolonged detention and deportation, families seek to suture themselves as a collective social subject that is reshaped by forced transnationality.

Socio-demographic portrait of Russian travelers

Purpose Focuses on the social and demographic features of inbound and outbound Russian travelers, in particular, on target groups of travelers and the challenges they face in Russia. Design/methodology/approach Draws on analysis of Synovate Comcon Russian Target Group Index and TNS Marketing Index databases, Rosstat data, expert round table discussion with author participation and observation and interviews in tourist-related sites during 2014-2015. Findings The most important factors for domestic tourism are family status, employment, income and education. Demographic target groups for internal tourism in Russia include: low-income retired persons; groups of students; working qualified experts and family travelers. The most important factors affecting external travel are region of residence, the size of the city and income status. Political challenges (including the closure of Russians of destinations in Egypt and Turkey) tend to reinforce economic crisis and national currency depreciation. Nevertheless, forecasts of industry development predict a slow recovery over the next few years up to 2019. Originality/value Outlines the demographic and social target groups of inbound and outbound Russian travelers described in the context of new circumstances in Russia. This information could be used by practitioners to develop travel and tourist packages for Russian tourists.

Tolerability of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine in Pediatric Patients.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus endemic to parts of Asia. Manufacture of JE-VAX, the mouse brain-derived vaccine against JEV, was discontinued in February 2011. IXIARO, an inactivated cell culture-derived vaccine, was approved in 2009 for use in adult patients. Although IXIARO was not licensed for pediatric patients until 2013, our clinic routinely used this vaccine in at-risk children starting in 2011. The purpose of this study was to review our experience as to the tolerability of the new IXIARO vaccine in children. We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients less than 18 years of age who received at least 1 dose of IXIARO in our Family Travel Clinic from November 2011 through August 2014. Subjects' electronic medical records were reviewed for any documented medical visits within 3 months after vaccination. Each visit was assessed for possible adverse events with relationship to vaccine administration as determined by the reviewer. Ninety-two patients less than 18 years of age received a total of 145 doses of IXIARO between November 2011 and August 2014. Seven adverse events were documented. Only 1 was deemed to be possibly related. No serious adverse events were found on chart review. Our study reinforces the recent decision to expand IXIARO vaccination to the pediatric population. The experience in our clinic since vaccine introduction shows it to be overall tolerable when used in routine clinical practice. Practitioners should feel comfortable recommending vaccination against JEV for any pediatric traveler to an area of risk.

Married, mom and manager – how can this be combined with an international career?

The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiences of females combining global careers, in particular, frequent international business travel and a dual-career family. With the increasing popularity of alternate forms of expatriation, females have the opportunity to follow a global career while being in a dual-career partnership and having children. Previous research has suggested that alternatives to long-term expatriation, such as international business travel, are considered more family friendly. Integrating family and international business travel, however, still poses many challenges to women. This paper examines the ways in which they handle this challenging situation according to social capital theory. It presents initial exploratory insights stemming from interview data including 25 female international business travelers living in dual-career families from four Western and non-Western countries on four different continents. These interviews, which were analyzed using template analysis, show common ways and similar experiences and understanding of integrating family and career life as female non-traditional expatriates across cultures. Differences remain, however, because of conditions in the local environment.

Making a difference together: discourses of transformation in family voluntourism

This article explores the intersection of development discourse, volunteer tourism, and practices of family travel. While research on the emerging trend of voluntourism has tended to focus on young, single, college-aged volunteers, little attention has been paid to families with young children who volunteer abroad. Taking as its starting point the prevalent message that voluntourism can “make a difference”, the article examines the implications of emphasizing the family and the child, rather than structural inequalities, as the objects of transformation. Based on face-to-face and online interactions with worldschooling families, the article uses mobile virtual ethnography to create an in-depth and immersive study of mobile and online social groups. Findings suggest that families undertake voluntourism as a strategy for fostering family bonding and cultivating their children's sense of global citizenship. In both cases, family voluntourism pursues transformation in the private sphere of the family rather than in the public sphere of political activism. In this sense, discourses of transformation make family voluntourism complicit with neoliberal ideals of individual responsibility and entrepreneurialism that may reinforce rather than dismantle entrenched Global North/Global South power hierarchies, but they also lend themselves to critical debates that may recuperate the transformative potential of volunteer tourism.

Analysis of the Relationship between Household Life Cycle and Tourism Expenditure in Taiwan: An Application of the Infrequency of Purchase Model

The infrequency of purchase (IP) model was used to explore the impact of financial factors, limiting factors, social status and household life cycle on family travel intention and travel expenditure in Taiwan. The empirical results indicate that family travel intention and level of expenditure vary at different stages of the household life cycle. Additionally, family incomes, the education level of the head of the household, women's employment and home ownership have significantly positive impacts on travel intention and level of expenditure. The findings also suggest that the presence of a family member's health problems or the number of seniors over 65 years of age in a household will reduce travel intention and thus the level of travel expenditure.