Family Setup Research Articles

A Briefly Study on Women Education

Education is a process of learning and developing knowledge, skill and character traits. It can take many forms including formal, non-formal and informal learning. Swami Vivekananda says no expectation of the progress of a family or a country can be achieved where women are not educated and are leading a pitiable life. Women education is very important for the country to fully develop. It is like an effective medicine to cure a patient completely and provide health back. According Mahatma Gandhi, “By education I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in man body, mind and spirit.” Women, has given a prominent place in the family set-up by our heritage and culture. Today in the modern age women, has an important role to play in the national development at large.

Assessment of the Differences in Juvenile Crime Based on Family set-up among Secondary School Students in Kisii County, Kenya

Juvenile crime is a huge concern across the world today. Young individuals engage in antisocial behaviors such as theft, robbery, rape, drug and substance misuse, drug trafficking, disdain for authority, and even murder. The purpose of the study was to assess the differences in juvenile crime according to family set-up among secondary school students in Kisii County, Kenya. A descriptive survey research approach was adopted. The study's target population comprised 6,357 students from selected secondary schools. The sample size included 610 students, 9 school officials (principals, deputy principals, and teacher counsellors, one from each school), and 9 parents. The sample only included pupils from grades two and three. Both probability and non-probability sampling approaches were utilized. The schools were chosen using the convenience sampling approach. In contrast, simple random sampling was used to pick student respondents from schools A and B, and purposive selection was used to select student respondents from school C and all school administrators. The parents were also picked using convenience sampling. Data was gathered through student and teacher surveys, principal interview schedules, and parent focus groups. Data was analyzed using correlation analysis with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings revealed that upper-class adolescents were more delinquent than lower-class adolescents and that the media impacts juvenile crime. The research advised that media be used appropriately to minimize crime and that upper-class parents limit the digital gadgets available to their children.

Impact of Human and Social Capital on Women’s earning: Implications for Home Based and Outdoor Workers

The objective of this study is to explore the effect of human and social capital on women’s earning. The cross-sectional data was collected from 1227 working women both home based and outdoor, residing in urban and rural areas of Multan Division (Pakistan). The extended form of Mincerian earning function was estimated for home based and outdoor workers and results indicates that the coefficient of age, education, training, presence of basic health unit, education of closed relatives, strong family ties and formal ties have significant positive influence on earnings. While the coefficient of presence of disease and distance is negative. For procurement of raw material, the role of middleman is insignificant, has no effect on women’s earnings. Moreover, the coefficients of head of household, ownership of assets, number of children, number of dependents, location, marital status, family setup and awareness about labor laws positively related with earnings. Women who are more satisfied with their work are more likely to work overtime for more earnings. It is recommended that human capital be prioritized by investing additional resources in health care, improving access to higher education and provision of free technical and vocational trainings specifically for home based workers to improve earnings which reduce poverty and put the economy on a path of increased growth and development.

A transformer-based deep reinforcement learning approach for dynamic parallel machine scheduling problem with family setups

A transformer-based deep reinforcement learning approach for dynamic parallel machine scheduling problem with family setups

Effect of Rural-to-Urban Migration on Family Dynamics in Mexico

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of rural-to-urban migration on family dynamics in Mexico. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Rural - urban migration in Mexico has significantly impacted family dynamics, leading to changes in family structure, economic conditions, and social relationships. Migrants often shift from extended family networks to more nuclear family setups, which can alter traditional family roles and support systems. While migration typically improves economic opportunities and educational access, it also introduces challenges such as emotional stress from separation, difficulties in maintaining family ties, and adapting to urban cultural norms. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Family systems theory, ecological systems theory & social exchange theory may be used to anchor future studies on analyze the effect of rural-to-urban migration on family dynamics in Mexico. Practitioners should develop and implement targeted support programs that address the specific needs of migrant families, such as counseling services, role-specific training, and digital communication tools. Policymakers should create inclusive urban policies that address the challenges faced by migrant families, such as housing affordability, access to education, and social services.

High schoolers and dating issues: examining the effectiveness of an app-based mindfulness intervention

ABSTRACT This article reports a study comparing the impact of a mindfulness app in mitigating dating anxieties and promoting self-esteem, healthy relationships and school satisfaction among high schoolers vis-à-vis a relationship advice app. A pre- and post-test-design study was conducted with high schoolers in two South Asian cities. Participants of the relationship advice app cohort reported no significant changes in post-test outcomes. Participants of the mindfulness app cohort reported significantly lower post-test dating anxiety scores and higher self-esteem, perceived support and school satisfaction scores. Particularly, the mindfulness app was more effective for high school girls, Christians, middle class students, high schoolers with mothers as primary caregivers, participants whose primary caregivers had postgraduate and higher qualifications, who lived in standard family set-ups with parents and siblings, and who were regular in reading mindfulness posts and doing the recommended homework. Intervention compliance mediated the association between significant socio-demographic predictors and gains/changes in outcomes.

Mathematical models and an effective exact algorithm for unrelated parallel machine scheduling with family setup times and machine cost

Mathematical models and an effective exact algorithm for unrelated parallel machine scheduling with family setup times and machine cost

Just-in-time scheduling of unrelated parallel machines with family setups and soft time window constraints

ABSTRACT This study addresses an unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with family setups and soft time windows, which includes considerations for machine eligibility. The objective is to minimize the total weighted tardiness and earliness, and to maximize the number of Just-in-Time jobs. Four different metaheuristic algorithms are compared to determine which type – single-point (simulated annealing), population-based evolutionary (artificial immune system, genetic algorithm), or swarm intelligence algorithms (ant colony optimization) – is more effective in solving this problem. Two strategies, namely penalty and repair, are proposed to handle precedence constraints. Experimental results demonstrate that ant colony optimization with local search which employs the repair strategy, as a swarm intelligence-based algorithm outperforms its rivals in terms of objective function values and robustness. The performance of this algorithm has shown an improvement in objective function values ranging from 2.12% to 8.52% on average, with a relative percentage deviation of 10.35.

Socio-Economic Analysis of Cauliflower Growers in Jammu Region of Jammu and Kashmir (UT)

A comprehensive investigation was undertaken in 2020-2021 in the Jammu district of the Jammu region, Jammu and Kashmir (Union Territory), India employing a descriptive study design. The primary objective was to discern the socio-economic characteristics of the cauliflower cultivators. Utilizing a multistage sampling methodology, a total of 160 cauliflower growers constituted the study sample. The results indicate that a substantial proportion of respondents (37%) fall within the middle-age category, holding matriculation level education (41%). The majority of respondents (54%) reside in joint family setups and agriculture emerges as the predominant occupation (76%). The majority of cauliflower growers in the study area have marginal farm sizes, primarily irrigated using canal water. While several critical information sources were conveniently located near the study area, including the agriculture office and input stores, access to others such as the SAU, KVK and the market was more distant. Respondents occasionally sought information from nearby sources in their villages.

Exploring Cultural Hindrances: A Thorough Examination of Men's Views on Family Planning, Decision-Making Authority, and Use of Contraception

The wellbeing of individuals and families is dependent on family planning, which is also necessary to promote reproductive health. Although women's viewpoints and experiences have received a lot of attention in the field of family planning, whereas men's views and perceptions have often been overlooked. The purpose of this study is to learn more about men's perceptions of family planning and its impact on reproductive health outcomes. In order to obtain more specific information, the study employs a qualitative research approach and conducts in-depth interviews with men for data collection. In order to capture a wide range of viewpoints and experiences about family planning, the research participants are drawn from a variety of different age groups, socio-economic backgrounds, and cultural settings. The results of the study show that a significant number of males think that different cultural barriers, like financial constraints, less awareness, religious limitations are leading causative barriers of family planning. However, findings of the study also revealed that men’s perceptions and practices about the utility of contraception heavily depends on family setup. Hence, a split among men was observed regarding these methods in religious families. Some males were against such practices while others preferred these practices because of its effectiveness to control birth rate and securing well-being of the individuals.

Exploring Cognitive Fluidity: A Comparative Study of Male and Female Adults in Nuclear and Joint Family Structures

This study explores the assessment of cognitive fluidity among male and female adults residing in nuclear and joint family setups in India. With the country's diverse societal fabric marked by varied traditions, languages, and belief systems, understanding cognitive fluidity's role becomes imperative in navigating this complex landscape. Through the meticulously developed Cognitive Fluidity Scale, validated for this study, 120 young adults aged 25 to 30 were evaluated within the Udaipur district, Rajasthan. The district's mix of urban and rural populations provided a rich environment for studying the influence of familial structures on cognitive fluidity. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring demographic diversity and representation across family types. Findings indicate a predominant display of moderate cognitive fluidity levels across both family structures. However, noteworthy variations emerged between genders and family types, with joint family environments correlating with higher cognitive fluidity levels compared to nuclear families. Specifically, individuals within joint family setups exhibited greater adaptability, learning capacity, and flexible thinking skills. This suggests that shared experiences and cognitive stimuli within familial environments contribute significantly to shaping cognitive processes. The study underscores the importance of considering family dynamics when assessing cognitive abilities among adults, providing valuable insights for interventions aimed at promoting cognitive development and well-being within diverse family systems in India.

Children's Content Exposure and Academic Performance: A Quantitative Study to Explore Parental Perceptions

This research delves into investigating the impact of children's TV content exposure on the academic performance of children through parental perceptions. It has also examined the moderating role that a mother's education and occupation, family setup, and income have in the association between school-age children's academic performance and content exposure. Parents' perceptions about the impact of content exposure on the academic performance of children were investigated through a survey (N = 520). Respondents were selected through a multistage sampling technique. The role of mothers' education, occupation, family income, and setup were studied as moderators between children's content exposure and academic performance. The findings showed a positive association between children's content exposure and their academic performance according to their parents. Furthermore, findings also showed that education, occupation of the mother, and family income are positive moderators in the relationship between children's content exposure and academic performance.

A Hybrid Graph-Based Imitation Learning Method for a Realistic Distributed Hybrid Flow Shop With Family Setup Time

A Hybrid Graph-Based Imitation Learning Method for a Realistic Distributed Hybrid Flow Shop With Family Setup Time

Association between Maternal Depression and Autistic Child’s Characteristics A Mediating Role of Treatment

A child's diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) alters family dynamics, heightens marital discord and parenting stress, and may result in parental psychopathology. This may impact the long-term prospects for their children. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression among parents of autistic children and the factors that predict these conditions. Two hundred and thirty file children were diagnosed with autism and their mothers were enlisted from the Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (SIPM&R), Karachi Sindh Pakistan. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to assess depression and the severity of autism, respectively. The demographic information was composed through a predesigned questionnaire. Data were analysed on SPSS version 20. Descriptive and correlation analyses were used for statistical evaluations. The analysis outcomes exhibited that mainstream mothers hold a master’s degree (54.5%), belong to middle-class families (72.8%), have a nuclear family setup (67.2%), and are housewives (86.8%). The mothers of these children tended to experience moderate depression (65.1%). The severity of an ASD child’s IQ level, adaptive behaviour, and communication characteristics were significantly correlated with depression in the mother (p<0.01). The mothers of children who were receiving treatment had significantly higher BDI scores than those mothers whose children were not under treatment (p<0.01). Hence, offering mental health support to mothers experiencing distress along with researching to explore the root causes of depression is found to be crucial. There is a need to strategise financial and moral support for couples with ASD children to help reduce depression among them.

Emerging old folk home trend in developing Asia: case of Pakistan

Purpose The purpose of this study to highlight the changing living patterns in the Pakistani community from joint family to nuclear family setup which is becoming the main reason for the loss of days when family members used to be responsible for elderly care. The ageing population in Pakistan are suffering from severe health and care issues. The Pakistani society, which once used to consider the senior citizen as a blessing now started considering them as a forced liability. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts the qualitative research strategy and interviews conducted in the local language with five women and men elderly each residing in old folk homes. Findings The study revealed that the main reasons behind increasing old folk trends in Pakistan are lack of family support, migration of children, less community awareness, economic issues, loneliness, dementia and invasion of western culture. Originality/value This study adopts the qualitative research strategy and interviews conducted in the local language with five women and men elderly each residing in old folk homes. The study revealed that the main reasons behind increasing old folk trends in Pakistan are lack of family support, migration of children, less community awareness, economic issues, loneliness, dementia and invasion of western culture.

Struggles and Motivational Stories: Reflective Experiences of a Student with Dysfunctional Family Relationship

The family is considered the basic unit of society and portrays an important function as one of the main social institutions. However, the family system is confronted by challenges thus, suffers disintegration which results in dysfunctional family relationship. Numerous studies have been conducted exploring family relationships and how an unhealthy living environment could affect the well-being of an individual from properly portraying his or her vital role in society. This study also focuses the research process around what works, rather than trying to fix what does not. This study however aims to focus on the reflective experiences – the stories of struggles and motivation of an individual dealing with dysfunctional family relationship. The researcher utilized appreciative inquiry as the main design and used a single case study approach, in which the main participant faces a dysfunctional family set-up but still finds ways to live a productive life through engaging in the community. Through thematic analysis, the study revealed that individuals coming from dysfunctional homes are not always the ones who misbehave, are in conflict with the law, or become a rebel. Oftentimes, they value their life and develop their coping mechanisms to be a productive member of society. Through the narrative and experiences of the participant, this study has established that a dysfunctional home can also create and develop the most goal-driven and not disinterested in civic involvement and activities type of individuals.

Recognising socio-cultural barriers while seeking early detection services for breast cancer: a study from a Universal Health Coverage setting in India

BackgroundBreast cancer is the commonest cancer among women in India, yet the uptake of early detection programs is poor. This leads to late presentation, advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and high mortality. Poor accessibility and affordability are the most commonly cited barriers to screening: we analyse socio-cultural factors influencing the uptake of early detection programmes in a Universal Health Coverage (UHC) setting in India, where geographical and financial barriers were mitigated.MethodsTwo hundred seventy-two women engaging in an awareness-based early detection program were recruited by randomization as the participant (P) group. A further 272 women who did not participate in the early detection programme were recruited as non-participants (NP). None of the groups were previously screened for breast cancer. Interviews were conducted using a 19-point questionnaire, consisting of closed-ended questions regarding demographics and social, cultural, spiritual and trust-related barriers.ResultsThe overall awareness about breast cancer was high among both groups. None of the groups reported accessibility-related barriers. Participants were more educated (58.09% vs 47.43%, p = 0.02) and belonged to nuclear families (83.59% vs 76.75%, p = 0.05). Although they reported more fear of isolation due to stigma (25% vs 14%, p = 0.001), they had greater knowledge about breast cancer and trust in the health system compared to non-participants.ConclusionsThe major socio-cultural barriers identified were joint family setups, lower education and awareness, and lack of trust in healthcare professionals. As more countries progress towards UHC, recognising socio-cultural barriers to seeking breast health services is essential in order to formulate context-specific solutions to increase the uptake of early detection and screening services.

Bicriteria single-machine scheduling with multiple job classes and customer orders

Customer order scheduling problems focus on completing all jobs of the same order consecutively to reduce the holding costs. Multiple job-class scheduling problems involving sequence independent family (class) setup times require completing all jobs of the same class consecutively to reduce the setup times. While these problems have been extensively studied in the literature, the scheduling problems jointly incorporating job classes and customer orders are relatively unexplored in the existing literature. Therefore, in this paper, we contribute to the existing literature by (1) addressing a single-machine scheduling problem involving multiple job classes with setup times and customer orders to minimize the bicriteria objective that is a linear combination of the makespan of all jobs and the sum of the holding costs of all orders; (2) proposing a mixed integer linear programming formulation; (3) developing a branch and bound algorithm that is equipped with a lower bound and two dominance properties to find an optimal solution needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic algorithms; and (4) proposing six two-phase polynomially bounded heuristic algorithms and six variants of the water-wave optimization algorithms for producing approximate solutions The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms are empirically evaluated through extensive computational experiments.

The Role of Generation - Z in Implementation of the Generation Program Planning (GENRE) Going to Generation Setup Life Family

This research paper explores the significant role of Generation Z individuals in the successful execution of the Generation Program Planning (GENRE) and its impact on shaping the family setup and lifestyle of the future. Generation Z, born roughly between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, represents a generation that has grown up in a technologically advanced and interconnected world. As they enter adulthood and become active members of society, understanding their influence on the family structure and lifestyle choices is essential for policymakers, educators, and families themselves. The findings reveal that Generation Z plays a crucial role in the implementation of the Generation Program Planning, actively shaping the family setups and lifestyles of the future. Their unique perspectives, tech-savvy nature, and emphasis on social and environmental consciousness influence the ways families function and interact. However, the research also identifies certain barriers to successful implementation, such as traditional norms, resistance from older generations, and socioeconomic disparities.Ultimately, this study sheds light on the Generation Z cohort's impact on the Generation Program Planning and its implications for family life. Policymakers and educators can use these insights to design more effective programs that cater to the needs and values of this generation. As Generation Z continues to grow in influence, understanding their role in shaping family setups and lifestyles becomes paramount for a sustainable and thriving society.

Reproductive Autonomy of Women in India: A Socio-legal Analysis

Indian reality pertaining to pregnancy and reproductive justice is different as the traditional values, myths and patriarchal role assumed by the society paves way for undermining the decision-making capacity of the women within a family setup. They are considered subordinate to their male counterparts and are having less power in relationships due to many factors like economic, political, and socio-cultural status and at times, not in a position to protect themselves from gender-based violence. They are considered incapable to decide on their own even in a matter pertaining to their own reproductive choices. The concept of autonomy in healthcare in general has a full-fledged acceptance by the judiciary as it affects the bodily integrity of a person. Likewise, the same idea must be reiterated in the pregnancy decision making, as women are the sole person who undergoes the physical and mental transformation during the process. Women should therefore, have the right to choose when and under what circumstances they should bear a child. So, the interest of the woman is a determinant and she should be mentally prepared to conceive, continue the same and give birth to a child. There are various social and ethical factors that pose a hindrance to pregnancy decision making of women in India. Family and social pressure forms the key factor that knocks upon the decision-making capacity of women.