Family History Of Suicide Attempt Research Articles

Suicide attempts in schizophrenia – A large retrospective cohort study from a tertiary care psychiatry centre in India

The extent of variability in identified risk factors for suicide attempts (SA) in schizophrenia limits their generalization. This study aimed to identify the rates and associated correlates of SA in schizophrenia by reviewing a large cohort (n=500). Nearly one-fourth had a history of SA, which was independently associated with a family history of SA, more inpatient admissions, and better long-term treatment response. These findings highlight the complex interaction between biological factors influencing SA and illness determinants in schizophrenia. Furthermore, they reinforce the need for future research to unravel the association between suicide vulnerability and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia to attenuate morbidity and mortality associated with the same.

Factors associated with suicidal ideation among medical residents in Tehran during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicentric cross-sectional survey.

The mental health of medical residents, challenged by their intensive training, is of utmost concern. In light of reported suicides among Iranian medical residents in 2021, this study investigates the factors behind suicidal ideation among medical residents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tehran. This study conducted a cross-sectional online survey among medical residents in various specialties in Tehran, Iran, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), while depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the DASS-21. It also collected demographic and clinical data from the participants. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and multiple linear regression to examine the prevalence and determinants of suicidal ideation among medical residents. The study enrolled 353 medical residents and found that 34.3% of them had suicidal ideation, with 10.2% indicating a high risk. The study also found high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants. The variables that significantly predicted suicidal ideation were depression, history of alcohol/substance use, personal history of suicide attempts, history of self-mutilation, family history of suicide attempts, number of shifts in a month, death of close persons because of COVID-19, and income. Depression was the strongest predictor of suicidal ideation. These findings underscore the urgent need for effective interventions and support systems to address the mental health needs of medical residents in Iran. The strategies should prioritize destigmatizing mental health, promoting access to mental health services, fostering a supportive training environment, and enhancing income opportunities.

Network analysis of depression, cognitive functions, and suicidal ideation in patients with diabetes: an epidemiological study in Iran.

The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and previous suicide attempts among Iranian patients diagnosed with Type-1 diabetes (T1D) and Type-2 diabetes (T2D). Additionally, the study sought to estimate the network structure of depressive symptoms and cognitive functions. 1073 patients participated in the current study. We used Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Ask Suicide-Screening Questionnaire, diabetes-related factors, and a battery of cognitive functions tasks to estimate network structures. Also, suicidal ideations and suicide attempts prevalence have been estimated. Statistical analyses were performed using R-studio software, including mixed-graphical models (MGMs) for undirected effects and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) for directed effects. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 29.97% in T1D and 26.81% in T2D (p < 0.05). The history of suicide attempts was higher in T1D (10.78%) compared to T2D (8.36%) (p < 0.01). In the MRF networks for T1D, suicidal ideation was directly linked to 'feeling guilt (PHQ.6)', 'Suicide (PHQ.9)', HbA1c, and FBS, while the Inhibition node was directly related to suicidal ideation. The DAGs suggested connections between 'depression', HbA1c, and 'inhibition' with suicidal ideation, along with a link between the current family history of suicide attempts and the patient's history of suicide attempts. For T2D, the MRF networks indicated direct links between suicidal ideation and 'anhedonia (PHQ.1)', 'suicide (PHQ.9)', age, being female, and BMI, with inhibition also being directly related to suicidal ideation. The DAGs revealed connections between 'depression', age, and 'inhibition' with suicidal ideation, as well as links between being female or single/divorced and the patient's history of suicide attempts. The findings suggest that suicide ideation is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes, and these symptoms should be carefully monitored in these patients.

Magnitude and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among High School Adolescents of Jimma Town, Ethiopia.

Studies show that suicidal ideation and attempt are major predictors of suicide. Flourishing technologies such cyber bullying, increased local and global events, like pandemics, wars, and effects of climate change exacerbate vulnerability of adolescents to mental health problems. Thus, timely epidemiological information is important for evidence-based practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among school adolescents. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2022 on randomly selected 1144 school adolescents using multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Then, data were cleaned, entered into Epi-data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify predictors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among adolescents. Adjusted odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) were respectively used to measure statistical associations and their statistical significance. The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt were 22.5%, and 13.3%, respectively, while 12-month suicidal ideation and attempt were found to be 14.6% and 10%, respectively. Being female, disappointment in school results, family history of suicide attempt, current alcohol intake, anxiety, and chronic medical condition were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt while cyber bullying was significantly associated with suicidal ideation only. Unsupportive home environment plus behavioral and medical conditions predispose school adolescents to suicidal ideation and attempt. The Ministry of Education and school administrations should facilitate favorable environment that enhance mental health awareness and protection of school adolescents. Building better parent-child relationship and parental discretion on the use of mobile phones can mitigate suicidal ideation and attempt.

Literacy and stigma of suicide among Islamic religious leaders (Imams) in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Literacy and stigma of suicide among religious leaders affect help-seeking behaviours for suicidal behaviour in the community. We did not find any study assessing the literacy and stigma level among religious leaders in Bangladesh to date. We aimed to assess the status of suicide literacy and stigma and factors related to them among religious leaders in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2023. Data were collected from 162 religious leaders (Imams) by self-reporting instrument purposively. The instruments contain several parts, like socio-demographic variables, suicidal behaviour, suicide literacy, and stigma towards suicide. The mean literacy score was 4.75 ± 1.56 (range 1–8). We did not find any relationship between suicide literacy and stigma. We found a positive correlation between stigma and isolation subscales (r = 0.67; p < 0.001) and a negative correlation between isolation and glorification subscales (r = −0.28; p < 0.001). Suicide literacy was higher in Imams with better income (p = 0.025), and Imams who observed suicide in close persons (p = 0.017). Isolation was lower in Imams with a family history of suicide attempts (p = 0.036), and lifetime suicidal thoughts (p = 0.020) whilst glorification was higher in persons with suicide attempts (p < 0.007). In conclusion, suicide literacy among the Islamic religious leaders (Imams) of Bangladesh is low and similar to the levels among the students. Strategies are warranted to improve the situation, as religious leaders can play important roles in suicide prevention and help-seeking for suicidal behaviour.

Literacy and Stigma of Suicide among Medical Students of Bangladesh: Status and Associated Factors

Background: Literacy and stigma of suicide have been poorly assessed across the groups in Bangladesh even though they affect help-seeking behavior and have an enduring effect on suicide prevention. Objectives: We aimed to determine the status of literacy and stigma of suicide along with associated factors among medical students of Bangladesh. Methods: This study was conducted from January to June 2022 among 172 undergraduate medical students in Bangladesh by Google form. Literacy and stigma were assessed by the Bangla literacy of suicide scale (LOSS[1]B), and the Bangla stigma of suicide scale (SOSS-B). Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.81 ± 1.8 (range 19-28) years, 64% were females, and 95% were unmarried. The LOSS-B score ranged from 0-10 with a mean of 4.72 ± 1.97. The literacy was significantly higher in married students, students with chronic physical illness and psychiatric disorder, lifetime suicidal thoughts, and suicidal thoughts in the past year while stigma was significantly lower among females, with mental disorders, with a family history of suicide attempts, and students with suicidal thoughts in a lifetime and past year. Conclusions: The study determines the level of suicide literacy and stigma towards suicide among medical students of Bangladesh. Having history of previous mental health services consumption of mental health services and past suicidal behavior revealed a better level that indicates the effectiveness of mass media campaigns for raising awareness and reducing stigma. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 225-230

Principal component regression analysis of familial psychiatric histories and suicide risk factors among adults with opioid use disorder

This study explores familial psychiatric risk factors that are closely linked to suicide risk among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) as measured by the Family History Assessment Module (FHAM). Data was derived from adults diagnosed with OUD (N = 389). To analyze the covariance between the 11 items of the FHAM, principal component analysis was applied to infer principal components (PC) scores. Log-binominal regression was conducted to quantify the associations between PC scores and mental health symptoms (e.g., lifetime suicidal attempt, P30D suicidal ideation, depression, and anxiety). Analyses revealed that the first 3 three PCs could account for 56% of the total variance of the FHAM items within the data. Family history of substance misuse (PC1) was positively associated with lifetime suicide attempts and severe anxiety. Family history of serious mental illness (PC2) and of suicidal behavior (PC3) were not significantly associated with any outcomes. Our findings suggest current suicide risk is associated with an array of familial psychiatric issues among people with OUD. However, family history of suicide attempts and death by suicide has less bearing on current suicide risk in OUD patients whereas family history of substance use confers significant risk. Findings underscore suicide-related preventive interventions as necessary components of treatment plans among people with OUD, who commonly report family histories of substance misuse.

Combined effects of nitric oxide synthase 3 genetic variant and childhood emotional abuse on earlier onset of suicidal behaviours

Marked heterogeneity in suicide attempters has been observed, with earlier onset being linked to stronger heritability, more childhood maltreatment. Nitric oxide signalling system might be implicated in this relationship through its role in the stress response/adaptation. This study examined how NOS genetic variants and childhood maltreatment were associated with age at first suicide attempt (SA). Adult patients with SA history (N = 414) filled in the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and six functionally relevant NOS2 and NOS3 polymorphisms were genotyped. Analyses included χ2, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kendall's regression, multivariate linear and Cox survival regressions, and a moderation analysis. The NOS3 promotor 27-bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) bb homozygous state and childhood emotional abuse were independently associated with earlier age at first SA, which was robust after controlling for confounders [regression coefficient − 3.975, 95% CI −6.980 – (−0.970), p = 0.010, and − 1.088, 95% CI −2.172 – (−0.004), p = 0.049]. No interaction was observed. In the Cox proportional hazards model for age at first SA, the hazard ratio for patients with childhood emotional abuse and NOS3 27-bp VNTR bb was 0.533 (95% CI 0.394–0.720, p < 0.001) compared to patients without. Intermediate scores were observed with either only the risk genotype or only childhood emotional abuse. A graded relationship was also observed for repeated SA, family history of SA, and severe SA history. These results are preliminary due to a low statistical power and call for replication and further characterization of the role of nitric oxide system in the susceptibility to early-onset SB.

Suicidal behaviors among undergraduate medical students in Bangladesh

Background: Suicide among medical students is a global public health concern; however, it is often addressed poorly in developing countries like Bangladesh. This study aims to examine suicidal behaviors among undergraduate medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between February and July of 2019. Data were collected from 583 MBBS students at Bangladesh’s public and private medical colleges. A convenience sampling method was used, and data were collected through a pretested semi-constructed questionnaire. Results: A lifetime suicidal ideation was found among 23.8% of the participants. Significant associations were found among lifetime suicidal ideation, plan and attempt with depression, comorbidity, and family history. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed that a family history of suicide attempts or death by suicide increased the odds six-fold for ideation, over sixfold for a plan, and threefold for an attempt. Females were twice likely to be susceptible to suicide ideation, plan, and attempt. Conclusion: Suicidality appears high among medical students in Bangladesh. Levels of depression, comorbidities, as well as substance abuse affect lifetime suicide ideation. A previous history of attempting or committing suicide in the respondent’s family increases the individual risk for ideation, plan, and attempt. Females are more vulnerable than males.

Correlates of suicidal behaviour among adults in Guyana

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviour (SB) among adults in Guyana. Secondary data were analysed from the national cross-sectional 2016 Guyana STEPS survey, which sampled 2 662 adults aged 18-69 years (female = 59.9%; East Indian = 42.3%; median age = 37.4 years). Following logistic regression analyses, results indicated that the prevalence of past 12-month SB was 4.6% (ideation 4.4%, suicide plan 1.5%, and/or suicide attempt 1.1%). Mixed and other ethnicities, childhood physical abuse, childhood sexual abuse, adult sexual abuse, experience of threats, exposure to violent injuries, family history of suicide attempts, and history of heart attack, angina, or stroke were associated with a high risk of SB. Being male sex and higher education were associated with lower risk for SB. In addition to psychosocial distress, considering a history of cardiovascular disorder is essential in devising population-based suicide prevention strategies in Guyana.

Suicide attempts and deaths by self-immolation: A population-based study in Fars (Iran), 2011-2019.

Background: Self-immolation is a leading public health challenge with a relatively high mortality, especially in some low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate epidemiological factors of attempts and completed suicide by self-immolation during 2011-2019 in Fars province (Iran). Materials and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 506 cases of attempted self-immolation suicide during 2011-2019 in Fars province (Iran). Demographic characteristics and suicide information were collected from the Fars Suicide Surveillance System. The first fatality rate and age-standardized mortality rates were calculated. Then, chi-square tests were performed to evaluate suicide trends and examine differences between qualitative variables and outcomes. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with self-immolation death. Result: The mean age of study participants was 32.11 ± 14.04 years. The highest age-standardized rates of attempt and completed self-immolation suicide were seen in the age group 25-34 years. The fatality rate of suicide by self-immolation was 61.89%, and the risk of death was around three times higher in people with a history of suicide attempts compared to those who had no history of suicide attempts. However, a family history of suicide attempts was shown to be a protective factor against completed self-immolation suicide. Conclusion: The rate of self-immolation is higher in women and young adults. The results of our study can assist health policy-makers to design comprehensive plans and determine the necessary strategies aimed at identifying vulnerable people, then preventing self-immolation suicide.

Adverse childhood experiences, sexual victimization, and suicide ideation and attempts: A longitudinal path analysis spanning 22 years.

Suicide is an urgent public health problem. The purpose of this study was to determine if adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increased the risk for suicide ideations and attempts approximately 22 years later, and if sexual victimization (SV) in adulthood mediated these associations. Prospective data from a nationally representative sample of 10,914 participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were used to test direct associations of ACEs (physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, neglect, family history of suicide attempts, and parental death, alcoholism, and incarceration) with suicide ideation and attempts and their indirect effects through sexual victimization in adulthood. All but one ACE significantly predicted increased odds of making a suicide attempt. Physical, sexual, and emotional abuse as well as family history of suicide attempts and parental incarceration predicted seriously considering suicide. All forms of childhood abuse and family history of suicide attempts predicted increased odds of sexual victimization. In multivariate longitudinal models controlling for age, race, and gender, the odds of seriously considering suicide and making a suicide attempt increased as the number of ACEs increased. Experiencing two or more ACEs also was associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing sexual victimization in adulthood, which in turn mediated the effects of ACEs on suicide ideation but not suicide attempts. Findings indicate that reducing ACEs is an important strategy for suicide prevention not only due to ACEs' direct association with suicide ideation and attempts, but also due to their indirect association via subsequent sexual victimization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Suicide in Older Adult Men Is Not Related to a Personal History of Participation in Football.

Introduction: It is reasonable to estimate that tens of millions of men in the United States played high school football. There is societal concern that participation in football confers risk for later-in-life mental health problems. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is an association between a personal history of playing high school football and death by suicide.Methods: The subjects were obtained from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development (LIBD) brain donation program in collaboration with the Office of the Medical Examiner at Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine. Donor history was documented via medical records, mental health records, and telephone interviews with the next-of-kin.Results: The sample included 198 men aged 50 or older (median = 65.0 years, interquartile range = 57–75). There were 34.8% who participated in contact sports during high school (including football), and 29.8% participated in high school football. Approximately one-third of the sample had suicide as their manner of death (34.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of suicide as a manner of death among those men with a personal history of playing football compared to men who did not play football or who did not play sports (p = 0.070, Odds Ratio, OR = 0.537). Those who played football were significantly less likely to have a lifetime history of a suicide attempt (p = 0.012, OR = 0.352). Men with mood disorders (p < 0.001, OR = 10.712), substance use disorders (p < 0.020, OR = 2.075), and those with a history of suicide ideation (p < 0.001, OR = 8.038) or attempts (p < 0.001, OR = 40.634) were more likely to have suicide as a manner of death. Moreover, those men with a family history of suicide were more likely to have prior suicide attempts (p = 0.031, OR = 2.153) and to have completed suicide (p = 0.001, OR = 2.927).Discussion: Suicide was related to well-established risk factors such as a personal history of a mood disorder, substance abuse disorder, prior suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and a family history of suicide attempts. This study adds to a steadily growing body of evidence suggesting that playing high school football is not associated with increased risk for suicidality or suicide during adulthood.

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Suicide Attempts Among Patients With Severe Psychiatric Disorders in Eastern Morocco.

Background: Suicide attempts are common in patients with severe psychiatric disorders; however, they are rarely studied in this population. Aims: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with suicide attempts among patients with severe psychiatric disorders. Method: This is a cross-sectional study of patients admitted to the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Psychiatry in Oujda, Morocco. Results: A total of 250 patients with a psychiatric disorder were recruited in this study. Among these, 78 cases (31.2%) had a personal history of suicide attempts. A personal history of suicide attempt was significantly higher among women compared to men (45.5% vs. 27.2%, p = .0099). The most common method of suicide attempts was jumping from heights (31%). Patients with a personal history of suicide attempts had a significantly higher prevalence of alcohol consumption (p = .0063), family history of psychiatric disorders (p = .002), family history of suicide attempt (p = .00004), and family history of suicide (p = .018) compared to those who had never made suicide attempts. Limitations: As suicidal behavior is highly stigmatized in Morocco, the number of patients who have made a suicide attempt may be underestimated. Conclusion: Our findings justify the need to provide specialized support to psychiatric patients with risk factors for suicide attempts.

Suicidality amongst young adults in South-south Nigeria

Background: Suicidality is a broad term that encompasses suicidal ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts. Suicide cuts across all age groups however the young adulthood phase is a critical time for the onset of suicidal behaviours. Often suicide is underreported because of the shame, as such it is a neglected public health problem in our environment. This study seeks to describe the pattern of suicidality and reported health seeking behaviour amongst young people in Bayelsa State.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the national youth service corps orientation camp, Bayelsa amongst 387 corps members. With the aid of an electronic, self-administered questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPwise manual on non-communicable diseases; information on socio demographic features, suicide ideation, plan and attempt were obtained. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.0.Results: The mean age was 25.37 (SD±2.38) years. Most participants were males (58.9%) and single (95.3%). Prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans and attempts was 7.5%, 4.4% and 3.1% respectively. Above one third (35.4%) of those who made suicidal plans in the past 12 months, actually attempted suicide, 4.4% and 2.6% of the respondents had a positive family history of suicide attempt and suicide death respectively.Conclusions: Young adults are a critical population for suicidality. Public health awareness on mental health promotion and uptake of mental health service should be encouraged. Decriminalisation of attempted suicide in Nigeria and better surveillance will enable more effective suicide prevention strategies.

Prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviour in adolescents with bipolar disorder

ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal behavior among adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD).Methods47 adolescents, ages 12 to 19 years (15.8 ± 2), meeting DSM-5 criteria for BD-I (n=40) and BD-II (n=7) were assessed using the KSADS-PL and tested with a battery of tests measuring mood, psychotic symptoms, life events and functioning. History of suicidal attempts (SA) was ascertained using the K-SADS-PL.Results: One third (n=15, 32%) of the BD sample had a lifetime history of SA. There were no differences in socio-demographics factors between SA versus non- SA. BD adolescents with lifetime SA, were more likely to have lower weight at birth, a lifetime history of comorbid eating disorder, non-suicidal self-injurious behavior, 2nd degree family history of suicide attempt, and more stressful life events as compared with non-attempters. Adolescents with lifetime history of SA also showed statistically significant higher scores in depression, suicidal ideation and anxiety as compared with BD adolescents without lifetime SA. Logistic regression analysis found that the most robust correlates of SA in adolescents with BD were having 2nd degree family history of SA, the interaction of self-injury behavior and comorbid eating disorder and increased number of life events. Limitations: Retrospective data. Small sample size. Since this is a cross-sectional study, no inferences regarding causality can be made. Conclusion: One third of the adolescents with BD have attempted suicide. These results are in agreement with previous studies. History of SA in adolescents with BD is strongly associated with family history of suicidal behavior, lifetime self-injury behavior with comorbid eating disorder and increased number of stressful life events.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Study of risk factors for suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) has the highest suicide attempt rate among psychiatric disorders. Many factors are associated with the risk of suicide attempt in BD, but the relation between them has still not been explicitly stated.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the clinical variables characterizing patients with BD with prior suicide attempt (PSA).MethodsThis was a descriptive and analytical study, conducted over 3 months, involving 31 euthymic patients with BD, followed up in the outpatient psychiatry department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). General, clinical and therapeutic data were collected using a pre-established questionnaire. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed with the «36 item Short-Form Health Survey» (SF-36). Impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).ResultsThe mean age was 47.25 years and the sex ratio was 1.6. Family history of suicide attempts was found in 25% of cases. Mean score of SF36 was 34 and high degree of impulsivity was noted in 62.5% of cases. The frequency of BD patients with PSA was 12.3% (N=8), with two of these (25%) having more than one PSA. Comorbid alcohol abuse (p=0.000), somatic illness (p=0.013), high degree of impulsivity (p=0.032), and impaired quality of live (p=0.003) were significantly more frequent in BD patients with PSA.ConclusionsWe found several clinical variables associated with PSA in BD patients. Even though these retrospective findings did not address causality, they could be clinically relevant to better understanding suicidal behavior in BD and adopting proper strategies to prevent suicide in higher risk patients.

Predictors of sleep quality in medical students during COVID-19 confinement

ObjectivesWe aimed to assess sleep quality of Tunisian medical students during home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and sociodemographic, clinical, confinement-related and psychological variables. MethodsA correlational cross-sectional study was conducted from April 11th to May 3rd 2020. Medical students who have been in home confinement and who accepted to participate in an online survey were targeted. Sociodemographic data, clinical variables, and data related to home confinement were collected. Participants also completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale. ResultsResults showed a high prevalence of poor sleepers among medical students (72.5%) with poor subjective sleep quality, increased sleep latency, sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that family history of suicide attempts, tobacco use, perception of home confinement and reduced physical activity during home confinement significantly contributed to poor sleep quality. Among the psychological variables, anxiety and hopelessness significantly contributed to poor sleep quality in medical students during home confinement. ConclusionsResults revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality in medical students who have been in home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Except family history of suicide attempts, factors that significantly contributed to poor sleep quality were modifiable factors. Sleep quality and sleep parameters need to be assessed in this particular population and adequate measures aiming to promote quality of sleep need to be enhanced, given the crucial regenerative, homeostatic and psychological roles of sleep.

Magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among people with epilepsy attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among people with epilepsy attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals, northwest Ethiopia using suicide module...

Association between family history of suicide attempt and neurocognitive functioning in community youth.

Suicidal behavior is highly familial. Neurocognitive deficits have been proposed as an endophenotype for suicide risk that may contribute to the familial transmission of suicide. Yet, there is a lack of research on the neurocognitive functioning of first-degree biological relatives of suicide attempters. The aim of the present study is to conduct the largest investigation to date of neurocognitive functioning in community youth with a family history of a fatal or nonfatal suicide attempt (FH). Participants aged 8-21years from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort completed detailed clinical and neurocognitive evaluations. A subsample of 501 participants with a FH was matched to a comparison group of 3,006 participants without a family history of suicide attempt (no-FH) on age, sex, race, and lifetime depression. After adjusting for multiple comparisons and including relevant clinical and demographic covariates, youth with a FH had significantly lower executive function factor scores (F[1,3432]=6.63, p=.010) and performed worse on individual tests of attention (F[1,3382]=7.08, p=.008) and language reasoning (F[1,3387]=5.12, p=.024) than no-FH youth. Youth with a FH show small differences in executive function, attention, and language reasoning compared to youth without a FH. Further research is warranted to investigate neurocognitive functioning as an endophenotype for suicide risk. Implications for the prevention and treatment of suicidal behaviors are discussed.