Family Health Education Research Articles

HUSM endocarditis team's approach to acute ruptured chordae tendineae in chronic rheumatic heart disease.

Neglected rheumatic heart disease (RHD) can lead to severe complications and change patients' quality of life, particularly that of young patients. This report highlights the importance of public health education for patients and families in preventing RHD complications. In RHD management, prevention is better than cure.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Techniques in Occupational Therapy for Babies and Children with Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy.

(1) Background: Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is an unpredictable and unpreventable neurological injury, caused by shoulder dystocia during birth, that affects the brachial plexus and leads to motor and sensory deficits in the child's upper extremity. The limited literature on early therapeutic assessment of newborns with OBPP highlights a gap in specialized care that, if filled, could enhance decision-making and support timely treatment. The objective of this paper is to analyze the therapeutic intervention techniques used at an early stage and their functional impact, from the occupational therapy discipline in the treatment of the upper extremity in babies and children with OBPP. (2) Method: Systematic review design and meta-analysis. A systematic review is a comprehensive analysis of existing research on a specific topic, using rigorous methods to identify, evaluate, and synthesize studies. Meta-analysis, often part of a systematic review, combines results from multiple studies to identify overall trends and enhance reliability, providing a clearer summary of evidence. Articles that included pediatric patients (from birth to 12 years of age) with a diagnosis of OBPP were reviewed. The results of the techniques used were analyzed according to each study, with the scale or method of assessment considered by the study for the presentation of data. The articles were assessed for methodological quality using the "PEDro Validity Scale". (3) Results: A total of 2190 articles were found, with 108 analyzed and 22 fully meeting this study's standards. Fourteen had a quantitative design, while the others included clinical guidelines. The most statistically reliable intervention techniques were CIMT (constraint-induced movement therapy) and splinting (dynamic and static), with second-tier techniques like joint manipulation, NMES, early infant management education, and serial casting used when needed. This study focused on children from birth to eight years old, with assessment tools primarily measuring upper limb range of motion, external rotation, supination, and impairment levels, though bimanual activity assessment was less common. (4) Conclusions: The early implementation of the techniques that provide us with the most data are CIMT, splinting, NMES, and joint manipulation linked to health education for families. In second place, we have the use of TB infiltrations and serial casts, when the treatment of the previous techniques fails in some cases.

Preliminary Studies : Digital-Based Family Health Education on Prevention of Anemia in Junior High School Students

This study aims to describe a digital-based family health education model for the prevention of anemia in Junior High School Students. This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach involving 100 families of female students, who filled out questionnaires regarding their knowledge of anemia, health education, use of digital media, and knowledge and compliance with consuming iron tablets. The data analysis technique in this research used frequency distribution. The results showed that most families lacked knowledge about the signs, consequences, and prevention of anemia, although almost all respondents recognized the importance of family education for anemia prevention. In addition, almost all Junior High School Students had good knowledge of anemia, and almost all families had access and use of WhatsApp as digital media. However, the compliance of Junior High School Students in consuming iron tablets needed improvement. These findings highlight the need for developing a digital-based family health education program utilizing WhatsApp to enhance knowledge and compliance in anemia prevention. It is hoped that this intervention will create sustainable behavioral changes and positively impact the health of adolescent girls.

Empowering communities for sustainable stunting prevention: A comprehensive approach to enhance child nutrition and family health education

Empowering communities for sustainable stunting prevention: A comprehensive approach to enhance child nutrition and family health education

Edukasi Kesehatan dalam Pengambilan Keputusan dan Perilaku Mencari Pengobatan pada Pasien Akut Miokard Infark

This study aims to identify health education in treatment decision-making and treatment-seeking behavior in AMI patients. The research method used was a systematic review with a literature search strategy using six databases: Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Proquest, Taylor & Francis Online, and Clinical Key Nursing. The research results show that health education for AMI patients to improve decision-making and treatment-seeking behavior consists of narrative-based health education and decision-making aid. In conclusion, health education for patients or families can improve patients and families' decision-making and increase behavior in seeking health assistance in patients or families in AMI patients. Keywords: Acute Myocardial Infarction, Health Education, Treatment Seeking Behavior

Analysis of the Application Effect of Extended Care Combined with Family Health Education in The Treatment of Pediatric Eczema

Objective: To analyze the application effect of continuity of care combined with family health education in the treatment of pediatric eczema. Methods: Sixty cases of pediatric eczema children who were admitted from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 30 cases each. The control group received routine care and the observation group received continuation of care combined with family health education. Family knowledge, eczema basic receding time, family satisfaction, and recurrence rate between the two groups were compared. Results: The aftercare family knowledge mastery score and family satisfaction of the observation group were higher than the control group, where eczema basic receding time and recurrence rate in six months were lower in the observation group as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of pediatric eczema, continuity of care combined with family health education improved the family’s awareness of the disease, controlled eczema symptoms, and reduced the recurrence rate.

Pocket money and the risk of dental caries and oral pain in children

BackgroundTooth decay affects 40–90 % of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), contributing to adverse consequences, including oral pain, difficulty focusing in school, lifelong dental problems, and overall lower quality of life. Few studies have examined the relationship between pocket money given to children, their purchase of sugary snacks and drinks with that money, and the risk for tooth decay. MethodsThis secondary cross-sectional analysis utilized data which were collected in 2014 as part of an oral health promotion program in rural El Salvador. A convenience sample of 279 children and their mothers who participated in the program were recruited to complete an interview with trained community health workers, and children received a dental examination from trained and licensed Salvadoran and U.S. dentists. Only children with teeth (primary, mixed, or permanent dentition) were included in this analysis; as such, children ranged in age from 6 months through 14 years. Descriptive, multivariate logistic regression, and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial analyses were used to identify associations between pocket money given to children and three oral health outcomes: number of decayed, missing/extracted due to decay, and filled teeth (dmft for primary teeth and DMFT for permanent teeth); presence of deep decay; and occurrence of oral pain. ResultsOverall, almost two-thirds of children received daily pocket money with which over 70 % purchased unhealthy snacks/drinks; 83 % of children had tooth decay, with a mean dmft/DMFT of 6.0. After adjusting for covariates, receiving pocket money was associated with 0.18 (95 % CI: 0.05–0.54) times the odds of having zero-dmft/DMFT (i.e., being cavity-free) (p = 0.002). Among children with at least one decayed tooth, receiving pocket money was associated with 1.22 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.53) times the expected dmft/DMFT count (p = 0.04), 3.39 (95 % CI: 1.59–7.22) times the odds of deep decay (p < 0.001), and 2.66 (95 % CI: 1.24–5.70) times the odds of oral pain (p = 0.007) compared to children who did not receive pocket money. ConclusionInterventions to reduce the prevalence and severity of tooth decay should include nutrition and oral health education for children and families—including addressing pocket money and healthy vs. unhealthy purchases—in schools, communities, and primary health clinics; school programs to provide healthy foods and beverages for children; and enforcement of policies to prohibit the sale of ultra-processed foods and sugary drinks in and around schools.

Research on the Problems and Improvement Strategies of Rural Early Childhood Teachers' Health Education Competence

The health concept of the new era calls for the return and renewal of the identity of rural early childhood teachers, as health educators, what makes them competent in their professional roles? The health education ability of rural early childhood teachers has become an important factor affecting the physical and mental health of rural young children. This study points out that the development of rural early childhood teachers' health education ability is not balanced, rural early childhood teachers' health education curriculum resources development ability is weak, and it points to the lack of rural early childhood teachers' family health education guidance ability. Therefore, based on the analysis of the problem, we start by updating the concept of health education for rural early childhood teachers, establishing the evaluation system of rural early childhood teachers' health education ability, integrating the rural early childhood health education resources, and carrying out rural early childhood health education garden-based teaching and research. Therefore, based on the analysis of the problem, we put forward the strategies to improve the health education ability of rural kindergarten teachers from four aspects: updating the health education concept of rural kindergarten teachers, establishing the evaluation system of rural kindergarten teachers' health education ability, integrating rural kindergarten health education resources, conducting rural kindergarten health education garden-based teaching and research and reflection.

Pengaruh Health Education Perawat IGD Tentang Penurunan Kesadaran Pada Pasien Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Pasien Di IGD RSU Manado Medical Center

Loss of consciousness is a common problem in the health world. This situation dominates the Emergency Guard Unit in the hospital service. Unconsciousness is a mental and behavioral condition of decreased comprehension, coherence, and motivational capacity. As a result of the loss of consciousness in the patient that occurs, sometimes the family does not know when an unwanted situation occurs because of something that happens and resulting in that loss of awareness occurs. The aim of this study is to find out the impact of IGD nurses' health education on the decline in patient awareness on the knowledge of the patient's family at the IGD RSU Manado Medical Center. Research uses experimental research methods using one group research design pretest-posttest design. Sample of 15 respondents using purposive sampling. Data collection using questionnaires. Analysed with Mc Namer's statistical test. Gender survey results most female respondents 8 (53.3%), age most 17-25 years and 26-35 years 6 respondents (40,0%), most college education 8 respondents (53,3%), most employment private employees 7 respondents (46.7%). The Mc Namer test results are given a p value of 0,000 where &lt; α 0.05. The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence of health education nurses IGD on decreased awareness in patients to the knowledge of the family of patients at IGD RSU Manado Medical Center. The recommendation is that the hospital should pay attention to health education for families, especially in the IGD room.

The impact of online interprofessional learning on family health education to prepare collaborative-ready health professionals: A mixed-method study.

Interprofessional education (IPE) is an experience that occurs when students from two or more professions learn about, from, and with each other to improve the quality of health services. One of the IPE teaching strategies is to use an online approach. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the community needs effective health education to prevent disease transmission. This study aims to assess the attitudinal changes toward IPE among health students in Indonesia after attending an online course during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a mixed-method study design with a concurrent approach. It was conducted in 2021 at a health profession education school of a University in Indonesia. An online project-based interprofessional learning in family health education was conducted. The quantitative analysis was carried out using pre- and post-tests with The Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) survey. Meanwhile, the qualitative methods used the phenomenological approach to Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and student reflective essays. The qualitative data were coded using thematic content analysis. The paired samples t-test was used if the data were normally distributed, or the Wilcoxon test if the data had abnormal distribution. The students' attitudes regarding team and collaboration; professional identity; roles and responsibility improved significantly from pre- to post-test (<0.001). The participants perceived that all four interprofessional core competencies were achieved in their learning. They also mentioned their experiences regarding factors contributing to the success of the online course. The family health education project gave the participants more insight into professionalism and patient-centered care. Online IPE courses can increase student readiness in collaborative practice and support students' learning to achieve interprofessional core competencies. The students feel the benefit of family health education for their profession.

Percepção de profissionais de enfermagem sobre o cuidado prestado ao neonato com estomia de eliminação intestinal

Abstract Objectives To understand the perception of the nursing team of the neonatal unit about the care provided to hospitalized newborns with intestinal ostomy and to discuss the factors that interfere in nursing care. Method Exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach. Eight nurses and eight nursing technicians who work in a Neonatal Unit in Rio de Janeiro took part. Data were collected between April and June 2022, through semi-structured interviews and content analysis. Results Two categories emerged: “perceptions of the nursing team regarding the care of hospitalized newborns with intestinal ostomies and family health education”; and “facilitating and hindering aspects of nursing care for newborns with intestinal ostomy and the importance of continuing education in the setting of the Neonatal Unit”. Conclusion and implications for practice The management of newborns with intestinal ostomies is current and involves nursing care with the stoma and skin of the newborn, extending to the practice of health education for family members. The management of complications, the unavailability of materials and fragmented care are challenging. This finding can support the development of systematized nursing interventions for newborns and their parents in the neonatal unit.

Pervasive biases in GWAS using family history of Alzheimer’s disease as proxy phenotypes

AbstractBackgroundUsing family health history as proxy phenotype has become a common approach in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This approach leverages large samples in population biobanks where most mid‐aged participants do not have any AD diagnosis. However, methodological issues in GWAS‐by‐proxy (GWAX) and quality of its association results have not been carefully investigated.MethodWe performed GWAX on parental AD history in UK Biobank (N = 48,031 proxy cases and 315,286 controls). We then applied GWAS‐by‐subtraction to obtain the non‐AD component underlying AD GWAX. We computed genetic correlations of AD case‐control GWAS, AD GWAX, and the non‐AD component underlying GWAX with a suite of complex traits. We also explored the impact of various quality control procedures and additional covariates in AD GWAX analysis.ResultAD GWAS and GWAX showed drastically different genetic correlations with several other complex traits especially cognitive abilities (Figure 1). AD GWAX had a surprising genetic correlation with higher education (rg = 0.167, p = 1.7e‐11) as opposed to the negative AD‐education correlation observed for GWAS (rg = ‐0.133, p = 2.4e‐5). The positive genetic correlation between AD and cognition is explained by the non‐AD component in AD GWAX (rg = 0.260 with education, p = 5.2e‐11). The non‐AD component in GWAX also showed correlations with lower risks of health outcomes such as coronary artery disease (rg = ‐0.136, p = 2.8e‐3) and diabetes (rg = ‐0.206, p = 2.8e‐3), indicating substantial survival bias in samples reporting parental AD history. Adjusting for parental age in GWAX substantially reduced but did not fully remove the genetic correlation of AD and higher education (rg = 0.013, p = 0.67), hinting at additional unaccounted factors in the current GWAX practice. We also provide evidence that genetic correlation between family health history awareness and education (rg = 0.285, p = 1.4e‐10) leads to these biases in GWAX associations.ConclusionGWAX based on parental health history introduces substantial and systematic biases in AD genetic associations due to the non‐representativeness of the biobank health history survey. Naively combining GWAX with regular case‐control GWAS will lead to misleading results both at the single variant level and in genome‐wide analyses such as genetic correlation estimation and polygenic risk score applications.

Environmental Factors as Sleep Disturbance on Critically Ill Patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU): A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Sleep disturbance is a major problem among critically ill patients in the Intensive care unit (ICU) and often leads to negative experiences during their treatment. Previous studies found that environmental factors including noises and lighting mainly associated with the patient's sleep disturbance. Objectives: This study purposed to explore the relationship between environmental noise and lighting with the experience of sleep disturbance among critically ill patients in ICU. Methods: Analytical descriptive with a cross-sectional study approach was used in this study in the population of critically ill patients who were treated in the ICU. Setting of the study was conducted at a public hospital in West Sumatra, Indonesia from June to August 2021. The sample size was calculated by using power analysis from a previous study which obtained 80 participants. A purposive sampling technique was used based on the inclusion criteria. Data was analyzed by using percentages for the descriptive statistic and the Spearmen rank test for the inferential statistic. Results: Results of the study showed that 37.5% of the participants had sleep disturbance from environmental noise and 31 participants 38.75% of participants had sleep disturbance from lighting. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between environmental factors with sleep dis- orders in critically ill patients. Conclusion: Environmental factors of noises and lighting associated with the experience of disturbance among critically ill patients in ICU. It should be expected that hospitals could provide health education for patients and families suffering from sleep disturbance to maintain a calm environment noise and good lighting.

Children’s health-related experiences in India: A scoping review

Background &amp; Objectives: The perspectives of children have becoming increasingly emphasized in healthcare research and practice in order to facilitate children’s inclusion, participation, and decision-making in matters related to their health. In India, however, little is known about children’s views regarding their health despite the various health challenges and ethical concerns they may face, such as poverty, malnutrition, and gender inequalities. The aim of this scoping review is to explore children’s health-related experiences from their own perspectives in India from 2000 to 2020. Methods: Five online databases were searched. Three independent reviewers screened articles for inclusion. Included texts were analyzed using thematic synthesis, which involved extracting and descriptively coding data, categorizing/grouping codes by similar topics, and comparing and contrasting topics to generate descriptive themes. The scoping review was reported using the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Results: Fifty-two articles were included, and five descriptive themes were identified. The articles typically overlapped in themes, which related to children’s health-related experiences (n=38), emotions (n=19), and knowledge (n=15); the impact of illness on children’s lives (n=41); and children’s ability to communicate their needs (n=12). Interpretation &amp; Conclusions: We identified the need to tailor research designs to better elicit children’s perspectives and provide comprehensive health education for children and families in India. This scoping review helped to highlight gaps in healthcare policy, practice, and research, providing a starting point for more focused investigation into children’s health-related experiences in India.

The impacts of urban–rural integrated medical insurance on the quality of labor supply for migrant workers in China

BackgroundThe transformation from the quantity of labor supply to the quality of labor supply is an important measure to improve the self-development of migrant workers.MethodBased on the 2018 China Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey data, this paper uses the 2SLS model based on instrumental variable estimation to analyze the impact of urban and rural integrated medical insurance on the quality of migrant workers' labor supply.ResultsThe study found that: First, urban and rural integrated medical insurance can significantly improve the quality of labor supply for migrant workers. Even with different instrumental variables and the use of propensity score matching for counterfactual inferences, the findings remain robust. Second, the impact of urban–rural integrated medical insurance on the quality of labor supply for migrant workers has nonlinear characteristics. At the low quantile, the impact of urban–rural integrated medical insurance on the quality of labor supply for migrant workers showed a downward trend, but with the increase of the quantile, the impact of urban and rural integrated medical insurance continued to increase, showing a U-shaped trend.ConclusionUrban–rural integrated medical insurance can not only directly reduce the labor time of migrant workers and ease the labor burden of migrant workers, but also indirectly improve the quality of labor supply for migrant workers through the intermediary role of promoting the availability of public services such as family contracted doctor services and health education.

Epidemic trends and predictive analysis of other infectious diarrhea in Jiangxi Province, 2017-2022

Objective: To analyze epidemic trends of other infectious diarrhea in Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2022, and explore the application of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model in the prediction of the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Jiangxi Province, providing reference for the prediction and prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea. Methods: To conduct a descriptive epidemiological analysis of other infectious diarrhea cases in Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2022, and establish an ARIMA model to predict the number of other infectious diarrhea cases in 2023. Results: From 2017 to 2022, Jiangxi Province reported 204 842 cases of other infectious diarrhea. The annual average reported incidence rate was 74.32/100 000. The cases were reported in each age group with obvious seasonal characteristics of the main peak. There were two peak periods of incidence in winter and spring (from January to March) and in summer and autumn (from July to September) and the peak value was higher in winter and spring. All parameters of the model ARIMA (0,1,2)(2,1,0)12 and ARIMA (1,0,0)(2,1,0)12 were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the minimum values of Bayesian information criterion were 13.83 and 9.12, respectively. The residual series were all white noise (P>0.05); The predicted value of the model is in good agreement with the actual value, and the predicted trend is consistent with the actual trend. The model has a good prediction effect. Conclusions: The other infectious diarrhea occurred in 2017-2022 was still the first case of notifiable disease in Jiangxi Province. The prevention and control situation cannot be ignored. Disease monitoring and health education for families of children under 3 years of age and scattered children among key populations for prevention and control should be strengthened during the epidemic season. The ARIMA model can be used for short-term prediction and trend analysis of other infectious diarrhea outbreaks in Jiangxi Province.

A proposal for an oral health educational programme for the first 1000days of life: from pregnancy to childhood.

The aim of this paper is to highlight the need to consider oral health during the first 1000days of a child's life with a view to developing appropriate educational programmes. The first 1000days of life represent a window of opportunity for prevention in children. This concept is built on a consideration of the overall health of mother and child, taking into account social inequalities in health. It is now established that the oral health of the mother determines the oral health of her child. Furthermore, parents' knowledge and behaviour have a direct influence on their child's health. The majority of the population does not have the necessary skills to adopt behaviours that promote oral health. The need for oral health education begins in the first 1000days of life. Following the model of family health education, these programmes would involve providing pregnant women and, therefore, families with the skills they need to manage their own oral health and that of their future child as early as possible.

Examining the Impact of Assistive Technology on Psychological Health, Family Education, and Curriculum Research in Japan: Insights from Artificial Intelligence.

This study aims to analyze the effect of psychological health based on artificial intelligence agent technology on the implementation effect of Japanese family education. By combining mobile agent technology and education thought, the system structure and working mechanism of the education support system of agents are studied to build personalized support for the family education system based on mobile agents. A total of 320 Japanese middle school students were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 160 cases in each group. The control group received traditional family health education, while the experimental group received mental health education based on the Agent Technology family education system. The basic information and mental health scores of the two groups of students were compared. The results showed that there were no remarkable differences in the number of male and female cases, weight, height, average age, grade, home address, or family situation between groups (p > 0.05). The psychological health level of the experimental group was considerably superior to that of the control group regarding obsessional symptoms, interpersonal tension and sensitivity, depression, anxiety, learning pressure, maladaptation, emotional imbalance, and psychological imbalance (p < 0.05). In summary, compared with traditional family education, family education of the mental health education system based on agent technology can better improve the level of middle school students' mental health, which can improve student forced symptoms, interpersonal tension and sensitivity, depression, anxiety, learning pressure, maladjustment, emotional imbalance, psychological imbalance, and many other psychological states. Furthermore, personalized support for family education systems based on mobile agents has the advantages of autonomy, responsiveness, initiative, and mobility, which provides a new idea for family education.

Health education for preterm infants families during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of Indonesian nurses: A qualitative descriptive study

BackgroundBefore the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia was the fifth highest country in premature birth rates, and caring for preterm infants requires quite high costs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of Indonesia spent a lot of money to handle COVID-19 cases and improve the economy affected by COVID-19. Meanwhile, the cost of treating preterm infants in hospitals has added to the country's economic burden. Thus, proper discharge planning is needed so that preterm infants can immediately meet the discharge criteria and preterm infants who have been discharged are not readmitted. ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the nurses' perspectives on health education as part of the discharge planning of preterm infants. MethodsThis research is a qualitative descriptive study using focus group discussions (FGD) to obtain data from 17 nurses in the nursery who have experience caring for and conducting health education. Data from the two FGD groups were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. ResultsThree themes were obtained that described health education to families of preterm infants from a nurse's perspective, namely (1) the preparation of nurses before conducting education (2) several activities of nurses and mothers when conducting education (3) objectives and evaluation of health education. ConclusionHealth education is necessary for the discharge planning of preterm infants. The purpose of providing nurse education to parents is to improve the confidence of parents in caring for their preterm infant. Education is personalized according to each mother's readiness to learn and the preterm infant's condition. Structured education is needed so families can actively participate in their infant's care while in the hospital as well as at home.

Effects of online family health education on myopia prevention in children by parental myopia: a randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Clinical relevance Online family health education may be effective for myopia prevention in children, and the effects may be different between children with myopic and non-myopic parents. Background Myopia is a common cause of vision loss. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of online family health education on preventing the development of myopia in children, and to estimate whether the effects vary according to parental myopia. Methods A cluster randomised trial including grade 1 and grade 2 children from 12 primary schools was conducted in Guangzhou, China. Weekly online family health education messages were sent to parents in the intervention group. Data collection included eye examinations of children and questionnaires completed by parents. Results Among the 3123 children included at baseline (1703 boys [54.5%]; mean [SD] age, 6.83 [0.73] years), 2376 completed the follow-up after 3 years. The differences in the incidence of myopia and myopic shift between the study groups were not significant in total. However, the 3-year cumulative incidence rate of myopia in the intervention group (125 of 445 [28.1%]) was significantly lower than that in the control group (225 of 603 [37.3%]; difference, 9.2% [95% CI, −14.9% to −3.5%]; P = 0.001) among children with non-myopic parents. In parallel, among children with non-myopic parents, the mean myopic change in SER was less for the intervention group than for the control group (−1.10 D vs. −1.24 D; difference, 0.13 D [95% CI, 0.03 to 0.23 D]; P = 0.01). Conclusions Compared with children with myopic parents, online family health education was more effective in children with non-myopic parents. The incidence of myopia and myopic shift in refraction have been reduced in children with non-myopic parents. Further studies are needed to assess these differences by parental myopia.