Family Endowment Research Articles

Kedudukan Hukum Pembagian Harta Warisan pada Perempuan di Minangkabau dengan Sistem Matrilineal Ditinjau dari Hukum Islam

ABSTRACT The Minangkabau kinship system, which adheres to a matrilineal descent, especially in the context of inheritance division, presents a unique situation due to the differences between Minangkabau customary law, which values female heirs, and the Islamic inheritance law, which is bilateral. Despite the philosophy of "Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah" emphasizing adherence to Islamic Sharia in customs, distinctions arise, particularly concerning the role of women in the ownership and management of inheritance. This research aims to identify the factors that lead to women in Minangkabau receiving more inheritance than men, and to examine the impact from an Islamic legal perspective. The research methodology employed is qualitative normative, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary literature data. The research findings indicate that the main factor for women in Minangkabau receiving more inheritance is their elevated status as holders of "amban puruak" and their right to use the inherited property. The distribution of inheritance to women is considered a form of family endowment (wakaf) that holds significant benefits in supporting the economic livelihood of Minangkabau women

Factors associated with perceived caregivers' willingness to provide care among older adults with disabilities in China.

The aim of this study was to analyze the status quo and associated factors of care recipients' perceptions of caregivers' willingness to provide care among disabled older adults in China. Thus, this study contributes to our understanding of vulnerable older populations who are at a high risk of receiving support from informal caregivers who are unable or unwilling to take the caregiver role. We analyzed the cross-sectional data of 3,539 disabled older adults who received informal care at home from the seventh wave of the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the variables associated with the respondents' perceived caregivers' willingness to care from five aspects: respondents' sociodemographic attributes, health-related data, family endowment, access to health care services and community-based long-term care services (CBLTCS). This study found that the majority of disabled older adults (90.9%) had a positive attitude toward their caregivers' willingness to care and the care they received; however, 7.0% of the adults were concerned about their caregivers' ability to handle the care. Moreover, there was a small number of disabled older people (2.1%) who felt that their caregivers were reluctant to care or lacked patience. The results from the multiple logistic regression showed that disabled older adults with socioeconomic disadvantages (living in rural areas, being poor and with no children who frequently visited) or high demand (with severe disabilities or cognitive impairment) were more likely to consider that their caregivers needed respite care. Those adults with anxiety symptoms, a lower amount of care time, poor self-rated financial status and poor accessibility to health care services were more likely to report that their caregivers were reluctant to administer care. This study found that living in rural areas, being poor, with no children who frequently visited, severe disabilities or CI were positively associated the care recipients' perception that caregivers needed respite care. While anxiety symptoms, a lower amount of care time, poor self-rated financial status and poor accessibility to health care services were significantly associated with care recipients' perception of caregivers' reluctance to care. Our findings highlight the awareness of monitoring informal carers' willingness to care or capability to enact caring tasks.

Zip14 ablation modulates HDAC activity through zinc transport in intestinal epithelial cells

Zinc is known for its modulation of proinflammatory responses, in part by targeting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸβ), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and expression of specific cytokines, including IFNγ. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Zn-induced cellular response to inflammation remains largely unknown. Our studies, using isolated mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and mouse intestinal organoids, both derived from Zip14 (Slc39a14) knockout mice, as well as intestinal-specific Zip14 knockout mice, with corresponding control genotypes, were used as models to evaluate the molecular basis for zinc-related inflammatory response in IECs, particularly a potential role for epigenetic modifications. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays employing chromatin from IECs, NF-ĸβ was found a major regulator of the Zip14 gene, at steady state. Compared to transcription factors (TFs) STAT3, ATF4 and ATF6, the involvement of NF-ĸβ supports the responsiveness of Zip14 expression with proinflammatory conditions. Similarly, more NF-ĸβ binding was found for iNOS, Cldn-2 and Cldn-8 promoters; all are genes that upregulate in IECs with ablation of Zip14. In contrast, markedly less NF-ĸβ was bound to the promoter of the defense gene IL-18 and C ldn-1; both of which were downregulated with Zip14 ablation. Differential gene expression with Zip14 ablation, as measured by RNA-seq, was limited to ~ 1% of total gene targets, at a false discovery rate of ± 2. RNA from control and Zip14 knockout IECs, intestinal organoids derived from those mice, and an IEC cell line treated with siRNA for Zip14, confirmed the differential expression profiles via qPCR. IECs from the models used here consistently show reduced histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity when Zip14 expression is limited. Moreover, that reduction in activity is concurrent with reduced zinc uptake as measured fluorometrically with the zinc probe, FluoZin-3. Additionally, histone acetylation is greater in IECs when Zip14 is deleted. Treatment of IECs with HDAC inhibitors support a link between Zip14 ablation and HDAC activity. Many HDACs are zinc-metalloenzymes and activity is inhibited with zinc chelation. We propose that deletion of Zip14 lessens HDAC activity, allowing for greater TF occupancy for promoters of specific genes. In summary, we demonstrate that histone acetylation is involved in a zinc-induced anti-inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells that is regulated by HDAC activity. Our study shows an important connection between histone modification and the pathological process of zinc-related intestinal inflammation and provides a mechanism for zinc-mediated epigenetic regulation in IECs. Supported by NIH grant DK 094244 and Boston Family Endowment Funds of the University of Florida Foundation. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

MP55-10 LOWER RATES OF CLINICALLY-SIGNIFICANT PROSTATE CANCER ARE PRESENT IN PI-RADS 4 AND 5 LESIONS IN THE TRANSITIONAL ZONE THAN PERIPHERAL ZONE

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP55-10 LOWER RATES OF CLINICALLY-SIGNIFICANT PROSTATE CANCER ARE PRESENT IN PI-RADS 4 AND 5 LESIONS IN THE TRANSITIONAL ZONE THAN PERIPHERAL ZONE Jessica Shannon, Sabrina L. Noyes, Andrew Moriarity, Grand Rapids, Mi, Ji Qi, Bruce Lyu, Brian R Lane, and For the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative Jessica ShannonJessica Shannon More articles by this author , Sabrina L. NoyesSabrina L. Noyes More articles by this author , Andrew MoriarityAndrew Moriarity More articles by this author , Grand RapidsGrand Rapids More articles by this author , Mi Mi More articles by this author , Ji QiJi Qi More articles by this author , Bruce LyuBruce Lyu More articles by this author , Brian R LaneBrian R Lane More articles by this author , and For the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement CollaborativeFor the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003308.10AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: There is limited data comparing prostate cancer (PC) detection rates in lesions identified within the peripheral zone (PZ) and transitional zone (TZ) on prostate MRI (pMRI). We compared the diagnostic performance of PIRADSv2 for detecting clinically significant (CS) PC in the PZ and TZ. METHODS: Data were queried from the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC) and Spectrum Health EMR to identify patients undergoing MRI assessed using PIRADS v2 by Advanced Radiology Services physicians between June 2016 and September 2022. All patients identified as having one or more PIRADS 4 or 5 lesions were included if they underwent targeted biopsy within 12 months of the MRI. The primary outcome was CSPC defined as GG2 or greater in biopsy of the targeted lesion. RESULTS: A total of 322 lesions in 224 patients were identified, with mean age 67 years, mean PSA 7.1 ng/ml, and mean prostate volume 63.4 cm3. Overall detection of PC was 75.2%, CSPC was 47.2%, and predominant pattern 4-5 (GG3-GG5) was 47.2%. 131 lesions were in the TZ and 191 in the PZ. CSPC was detected in 41.2% of TZ lesions and 51.3% of PZ lesions (p=0.075). CSPC detection was significantly higher for PI-RADS 4 lesions in the PZ compared to TZ (44.7% vs. 29.4%, p=0.034) and trended towards significance in PI-RADS 5 lesions (70.0% vs. 54.0%, p=0.0823). For GG3-GG5 PC, there was also a significant difference seen with PI-RADS 4 (8.8% vs. 20.6%, p=0.033) and a trend with PI-RADS 5 lesions (12.7% vs. 24.0%, p=0.117). CONCLUSIONS: Overall detection of PC was consistent with prior literature for PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions. Lesions in the TZ were more likely to be benign or low-grade PC. This is important information for clinicians managing patients with TZ lesions and may suggest re-consideration of the precise features leading to PI-RADS assignments in the TZ in subsequent revisions. Source of Funding: The corresponding author would like to thank the Betz Family Endowment for Cancer Research for their continued support. Funding was provided in part by the Spectrum Health Foundation. Funding was provided in part by the Value Partnerships program at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan. © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e767 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Jessica Shannon More articles by this author Sabrina L. Noyes More articles by this author Andrew Moriarity More articles by this author Grand Rapids More articles by this author Mi More articles by this author Ji Qi More articles by this author Bruce Lyu More articles by this author Brian R Lane More articles by this author For the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

PD23-02 LONG LASTING IMPACT OF EARLY LIFE VOIDING DYSFUNCTION ON LOWER URINARY TRACT FUNCTION IN A MURINE MODEL

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023PD23-02 LONG LASTING IMPACT OF EARLY LIFE VOIDING DYSFUNCTION ON LOWER URINARY TRACT FUNCTION IN A MURINE MODEL Nao Iguchi, Duncan Wilcox, Anna Malykhina, and Dan Wood Nao IguchiNao Iguchi More articles by this author , Duncan WilcoxDuncan Wilcox More articles by this author , Anna MalykhinaAnna Malykhina More articles by this author , and Dan WoodDan Wood More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003296.02AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate long term outcome of voiding dysfunction during early childhood in mice. Despite the association between childhood dysfunctional voiding and lifelong bladder dysfunction with or without renal failure, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Neonatal maternal separation (NMS) disturbs the physiological voiding cycle in mouse pups; which is normally maintained by perigenital-bladder reflex via their mother licking the perineum. METHODS: Newborn mouse pups were divided into control and NMS groups after birth. NMS pups were removed from their dam and housed individually (6 h/day) from postnatal day 2 to 14. Pups in the control group stayed with their dam all the time. Long-term effects of early life voiding dysfunction on LUT were assessed in vivo by void spot assay at 3-, 6-, and 12-months old, and in vitro by detrusor contractility studies using bladder strips at 12 months old. RESULTS: NMS male mice showed urinary frequency with small voids by 1.6 to 2.2-fold through middle-age (12mo≈40yr-old human) (Figure 1). There was a trend towards increased number of small voids in females experienced NMS compared to the control group, however, the change was statistically insignificant (1.2 to 1.5-fold, p>0.05). A significant increase in nerve-mediated (electric field stimulation, EFS) and purinergic agonist (ATP)-induced detrusor contractility was observed in NMS group compared to the control group (1.4-fold, p<0.05). There were no changes in contractility in response to carbachol or substance-P (SP), however, preincubation of the bladder strips with SP induced a 1.6-fold larger decrease in nerve-mediated contractility (TmaxEFS) in NMS group than that in the control group (p<0.005, Figure 2). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence that the early life disturbance of normal voiding cycle had prolonged impacts on LUT function accompanied with an enhanced involvement of purinergic and peptidergic neurons/signaling in detrusor contractility in later of life. Source of Funding: Ponzio Family Endowment Fund (D.W.) © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e670 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Nao Iguchi More articles by this author Duncan Wilcox More articles by this author Anna Malykhina More articles by this author Dan Wood More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

MP41-06 ASSESSING UTILIZATION OF RENAL MASS BIOPSY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF T1A VS. T1B RENAL MASSES

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP41-06 ASSESSING UTILIZATION OF RENAL MASS BIOPSY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF T1A VS. T1B RENAL MASSES Dennis Boynton, Sabrina Noyes, Mahin Mirza, Brian Seifman, Edward Schervish, Mohit Butaney, Ji Qi, Craig Rogers, Brian R. Lane, and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative, Ann Arbor, MI Dennis BoyntonDennis Boynton More articles by this author , Sabrina NoyesSabrina Noyes More articles by this author , Mahin MirzaMahin Mirza More articles by this author , Brian SeifmanBrian Seifman More articles by this author , Edward SchervishEdward Schervish More articles by this author , Mohit ButaneyMohit Butaney More articles by this author , Ji QiJi Qi More articles by this author , Craig RogersCraig Rogers More articles by this author , Brian R. LaneBrian R. Lane More articles by this author , and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative, Ann Arbor, MI More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003279.06AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The appropriate and optimal use of renal mass biopsy (RMB) lacks standardization and varies from physician to physician. Our objective is to explore the impact that RMB has on active surveillance (AS), nephron-sparing intervention (NSI), and radical nephrectomy (RN) rates for cT1 renal masses (cT1RM). METHODS: Data regarding 3,466 patients with a newly diagnosed cT1RM and managed with AS, NSI (partial nephrectomy, tumor ablation, and stereotactic body radiation), or RN was collected retrospectively by MUSIC-KIDNEY registrars. Patient, tumor, RMB, and management data were extracted from the registry. RESULTS: Of 3,466 patients, 626 (18%) underwent RMB, including 17% with T1a and 20% with T1b tumors. There were no significant differences in age, race, sex, GFR >or ≤60, or T1a vs. T1b in the cohorts with or without RMB. Management differed somewhat between the cohorts with vs. without RMB; AS was elected by 41% vs. 50%, NSI by 45% vs. 35%, and RN by 14% vs. 15% (p<0.001, Fig. 1). In patients with T1a masses with or without RMB, AS was elected by 44% vs. 58%, NSI by 48% vs. 36%, and RN by 7.8% vs. 6.0% (p<0.001). In contrast, management in T1b patients with or without RMB, AS was elected by 33% vs. 23%, NSI by 37% vs. 33%, and RN by 30% vs. 44% (p=0.0027, Fig. 2). CONCLUSIONS: While academic discussion of RMB tends to focus more on patients with T1a renal masses, RMB appears to impact treatment choice for T1b more than for T1a masses. Utilization of RMB in patients with T1b renal masses resulted in increased rates of NSI and AS; for every 8 RMB in this group of patients, 1 kidney will be saved from RN. More patients with T1a masses underwent intervention after RMB than those not having RMB. Perhaps providing a cancer diagnosis to patients who were initially considering AS for their ‘renal mass’ pressured them to pursue unnecessary intervention. Source of Funding: The corresponding author would like to thank the Betz Family Endowment for Cancer Research for their continued support. Funding was provided in part by the Spectrum Health Foundation. Funding was provided in part by the Value Partnerships program at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan. © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e556 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Dennis Boynton More articles by this author Sabrina Noyes More articles by this author Mahin Mirza More articles by this author Brian Seifman More articles by this author Edward Schervish More articles by this author Mohit Butaney More articles by this author Ji Qi More articles by this author Craig Rogers More articles by this author Brian R. Lane More articles by this author for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative, Ann Arbor, MI More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Understanding the Governance of Family Endowments in the Context of Dual Accountability

his research aims to conceptualize the governance of family endowment (waqf ahli) to provide both social and economic benefits. The significance of this research lies in the fact that parties involved in waqf development in Indonesia, such as Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) and traditional leaders, must establish appropriate policies to ensure the sustainability of waqf ahli. Furthermore, this research not only aims to enrich waqf literature but is also crucial for preserving the potential of local wisdom in efforts to promote socio-economic development in the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with ethnography as its research design. The research employs in-depth interviews and documentation as data collection methods. Interviews were conducted in an unstructured manner with open-ended questions involving key stakeholders directly involved in the management of waqf ahli in several regions. In analyzing the data, the researchers used the thematic network method. The findings of this research indicate the need for a serious approach to the organization of family waqf so that the agenda for waqf revitalization can proceed effectively.

Understanding farmers’ eco-friendly fertilization technology adoption behavior using an integrated S-O-R model: The case of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology in shaanxi, china

The rapid development of high-standard farmland construction has triggered explosion of farmland cultivated land protection technologies in recent years. Contemporary, eco-friendly fertilization technology (EFFT) are rapidly becoming main force to achieve food security and promote the national ecological strategy. Hence, based on the extended stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theoretical analysis framework, this empirical research 295 field interview data of farmers in the high standard farmland grain main production area in Shaanxi Province, a developing country context, to analyze the mechanism of external incentives on farmers’ eco-friendly fertilization technology adoption behavior, further tested to examine the mediating effect of intrinsic perception and moderating effect of the family endowment. We applied the methodological approach, partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), to test the hypothetical model. The results show that external incentives can effectively improve farmers’ technology adoptive behavior; internal perception has a significant positive effect on adoptive behavior, and it plays an intermediary role between external incentives and eco-friendly fertilization technology adoption behavior; family endowment has a significant positive effect on farmers’ technology adoption behavior, but the moderating effect of family endowment in external incentive-technology adoption behavior relationship is not significant. Therefore, we should choose appropriate and flexible government regulations, and give full play to the role of premium incentives, so as to improve the motivation of farmers to adopt eco-friendly fertilization technology.

The care types choice in filial culture: A cross-sectional study of disabled elderly in China.

For the past few decades, studies of care types choice have been restricted to the scope of individual characteristics and health status. Meanwhile, the historiography of the research largely ignores the role of filial culture within China. This study sets out to examine the influence of the factors in the cultural context of filial piety on the choice of care types for older people with disability in China. According to the characteristics of filial culture, the factors influencing the choice of care type for the older people in China are summarized as family endowment and support. The study concludes that gender, residence, living alone or not, family income, real estate, pension and community service have momentous effects on the choice of care type of older people with disability; informal care has a substitutive effect on formal care. The research was based on cross-sectional data of CLHLS 2018 and utilized binary logistic regression analysis to compare the factors influencing the choice of old disabled people between formal and informal care. The study implies that in the context of filial culture, the older people's choice of care types is affected by family endowment and community service supply for the older people in China. In the background of filial culture, the government should give informal care official support such as cash and services, so as to change its attribute of private domain of it and enhance the quality of long-term care.

FRANK PLUMPTON RAMSEY AND THE POLITICS OF MOTHERHOOD

This paper is an attempt to historicize Frank Plumpton Ramsey’s Apostle talks delivered from 1923 to 1925 within the social and political context of the time. In his talks, Ramsey discusses socialism, psychoanalysis, and feminism. Ramsey’s views on these three intellectual movements were interconnected, and they all contributed to his take on the policy debates occurring then on the role of women in economy. Drawing on archival materials, biographical facts, and the historiographical literature on the early interwar politics of motherhood, I show that Ramsey held a positive view of the feminist campaign for family endowment. He demanded government financial support for motherhood in recognition of the economic significance of women’s domestic works, which, as such, could bring economic independence to them. In addition, he found such an economic scheme compatible with the kind of maternalism endorsed by Freudian psychoanalysis—his favorite theory of psychology.

Study on the Demand and Influencing Factors of Elderly Care Service in Urban Community

Urban community pension is a new pension model proposed in view of China's social transformation and aging problem. Urban community old-age service refers to the old-age model in which the government, non-governmental organizations and other institutions provide various services for the elderly in the communities where they belong. Urban community endowment covers the advantages of the traditional family endowment and institution endowment, it costs low, the elderly can according to their own economic bear ability of freedom to choose to choose to service content, also can satisfy the elderly are not willing to leave their familiar homes with the requirements of the community, but also can not out of the house or out of town can enjoy all kinds of professional services. This paper will study the current situation of urban community pension service demand, urban community pension service demand and its influencing factors.

PD41-12 ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE VS. EMBOLIZATION VS. NEPHRECTOMY: RENAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ANGIOMYOLIPOMAS

You have accessJournal of UrologySurgical Technology & Simulation: Instrumentation & Technology II (PD41)1 Sep 2021PD41-12 ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE VS. EMBOLIZATION VS. NEPHRECTOMY: RENAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ANGIOMYOLIPOMAS Silvia Mora, Ithaar Derweesh, Margaret Meagher, Juan Javier-Desloges, Sabrina L. Noyes, and Brian R. Lane Silvia MoraSilvia Mora More articles by this author , Ithaar DerweeshIthaar Derweesh More articles by this author , Margaret MeagherMargaret Meagher More articles by this author , Juan Javier-DeslogesJuan Javier-Desloges More articles by this author , Sabrina L. NoyesSabrina L. Noyes More articles by this author , and Brian R. LaneBrian R. Lane More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002051.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment for angiomyolipomas (AML) can include active surveillance (AS), embolization, and nephrectomy. Our study investigates renal outcomes of these modalities. METHODS: Two-center (UCSD, Spectrum Health) retrospective analysis of AML patients treated with AS, embolization, or nephrectomy. Demographics and renal function were collected. Primary outcome included renal function, by treatment type, at three timepoints: diagnosis, interim (6-12 months post-diagnosis), and latest. CKD was grouped as 1 (>90), 2a (75-90), 2b (60-75), 3a (45-60), 3b (30-45), 4 (15-30), 5 (<15). RESULTS: 318 patients diagnosed with AMLs were identified with a median follow-up of 3.3 years. 184 (57.9%) underwent AS, 30 (9.4%) underwent embolization, 103 (32.4%) underwent nephrectomy, and 1 (0.3%) underwent radiofrequency ablation. Of the 103 surgical patients, 62 (60.2%) had minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy (PN), 31 (30.1%) had open PN, 3 (2.9%) had laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (RN), and 7 (6.8%) had open RN. Baseline features of AS, embolization, and nephrectomy groups were different in respect to age, sex, and race (p<0.05). The average AML size at diagnosis was 2.1cm for AS, 5.3cm for embolization, and 4.9cm for nephrectomy (p<0.001). When compared to diagnosis GFR, the interim % change in GFR showed a greater decrease for embolization (-14.0%) when compared to AS (-4.1%) and nephrectomy (-11.8%)(p=0.04). Interim CKD stage worsened in AS (26.6%), embolization (26.7%), and nephrectomy (21.4%)(p<0.001). The latest % change in GFR showed a greater decrease for nephrectomy (-14.7%) when compared to AS (-6.6%) and embolization (-14.1%)(p=0.03). Latest CKD stage worsened from diagnosis in AS (42.4%), embolization (53.3%), and nephrectomy (39.8%)(p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced renal function is commonly observed over time in AML patients, whether managed conservatively, with embolization, or with surgery. Even so, the majority of AS and surgical patients and slightly less than half of embolization patients had no evidence of worsening CKD stage at latest follow-up. Renal functional surveillance should be obligatory for all AML patients; within the limitations of this retrospective study, surgical intervention appears an appropriate treatment option for selected AML. Source of Funding: Betz Family Endowment for Cancer Research © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e685-e686 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Silvia Mora More articles by this author Ithaar Derweesh More articles by this author Margaret Meagher More articles by this author Juan Javier-Desloges More articles by this author Sabrina L. Noyes More articles by this author Brian R. Lane More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

MP50-12 PELVIC LYMPH NODE DISSECTION AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR INTERMEDIATE RISK PROSTATE CANCER: ASSESSING UTILITY AND NODAL METASTASES WITHIN A STATEWIDE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT CONSORTIUM

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Localized: Surgical Therapy III (MP50)1 Sep 2021MP50-12 PELVIC LYMPH NODE DISSECTION AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR INTERMEDIATE RISK PROSTATE CANCER: ASSESSING UTILITY AND NODAL METASTASES WITHIN A STATEWIDE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT CONSORTIUM Joshua Kuperus, Conrad Tobert, Ji Qi, and Brian Lane Joshua KuperusJoshua Kuperus More articles by this author , Conrad TobertConrad Tobert More articles by this author , Ji QiJi Qi More articles by this author , and Brian LaneBrian Lane More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002076.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: AUA guidelines for localized prostate cancer (PCa) states that pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is indicated for patients with unfavorable intermediate and high-risk disease and should be considered in favorable intermediate risk patients. NCCN guidelines recommend PLND when risk for nodal disease is ≥2%. Given the discrepancy in recommendations, we sought to assess which patients with intermediate risk PCa would benefit from a PLND across the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative. METHODS: Data regarding all robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) (03/2012-10/2020) were prospectively collected, including patient and surgeon characteristics. RESULTS: Among 8,664 men undergoing RARP for intermediate-risk PCa, 80.2% were performed with PLND (n = 6951), of which 3.0% were LN+ (n=207). According to the current AUA risk stratification system, 1.2% of favorable intermediate risk PCa and 4.9% of unfavorable intermediate risk PCa were positive for lymph node metastases (LN+). There were also differences in the LN+ rates among the subgroups of each of these categories (0.0% - 1.3%), and (3.7% – 5.2%). Additional factors, not accounted for in this system, that were associated with higher LN+ rates include ≥3 cores involved, ≥35% involvement at any core, and unfavorable genomic classifier result. CONCLUSIONS: When to perform PLND remains up for debate. Our data suggest patients with favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer should only undergo PLND if they have ≥3 cores involved, ≥35% involvement at any core, and/or unfavorable genomic classifier result. Source of Funding: The corresponding author would like to thank the Betz Family Endowment for Cancer Research for their continued support. Funding was provided to B.R. Lane in part by the Spectrum Health Foundation (RG0813-1036). The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided the Value Partnerships program at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e890-e891 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Joshua Kuperus More articles by this author Conrad Tobert More articles by this author Ji Qi More articles by this author Brian Lane More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

Family Endowment, Personal Characteristics, and Farmer’s Livelihood Differentiation — Based on an empirical study of 199 rural households in Sichuan Province

The differentiation of rural households’ livelihoods has become the most significant feature of rural social and economic development in the context of urbanization. Based on the survey data of 199 rural households in Sichuan Province in 2018, this article summarizes the types and characteristics of local rural households’ livelihood differentiation and uses the logit model. Family endowments and personal characteristics analyze the factors and degrees that affect the differentiation of farmers’ livelihoods. The results show that: (1) The number of part-time farmers in each survey location in Sichuan accounted for 66.66% of the total surveyed households, and parttime employment is very common. (2) In terms of family endowments, the greater the number of rural households’ labor, the more they tend to shift to the non-agricultural sector, and the higher the degree of migrant workers and the part-time employment of rural households, which promotes the differentiation of rural households’ livelihoods; The number of middle-aged and young people has a significant negative impact on farming households’ choices for farming, and it has a significant positive impact on migrant workers and self-employment; the number of minors and the elderly in the household has no significant impact on farming households’ choice of farming and migrant work; the number of households’ farmland has a significant impact on farming households Farming and part-time employment have a significant positive impact. The number of relatives and the availability of cars only have a significant impact on migrant workers. (3) In terms of personal characteristics, male, well-educated, well-healthy, and young and middle-aged laborers are more likely to go out, self-employed, and part-time. This leads to the fact that the rural surplus labor force is mostly feminized, aging, and low. The degree is based on academic qualifications.

Mufti Muhammad Šakir efendi Muidović’s Library

Muhammad Šakir efendi Muidović, born and bred in Sarajevo, spent almost his entire working life serving as the mufti of Sarajevo. During his lifetime, he collected a valuable library of works from different scientific disciplines, and he bequeathed it in his will to his heirs as evladiyyat waqf (family endowment), provided that his most capable and competent descendants would look after the library. Considering that the descendants did not abide by the waqif’s (endower’s) last will and testament and that they sold out of the library by the middle of the 20th century, this paper focuses on the way in which Mufti Muidović’s library was sold out. Our goal in this paper was to determine the exact number of preserved manuscripts from Mufti Muidović’s library and the place where they are stored and kept today. Moreover, this paper presents the activities that the Islamic community had undertaken in order to safeguard and protect Mufti Muidović’s library, while the appendixes to this paper contain the title and type of the works in Mufti Muidović’s library, registered on the list made by Muhammad Enveri Kadić, which is, to be sure, of major significance, since hitherto conducted research mentions only the number of the works that Mufti Muidović had left to his library.

Do the rich give more? The effects of family wealth and entrepreneurial effort on firm philanthropy and growth.

Past research has offered conflicting evidence concerning the effect of family wealth on philanthropy. Equality of Opportunity (EOP) theory has received wide scholarly attention to explain an individual’s philanthropic engagement through the simultaneous consideration of both family wealth and personal effort. Drawing on the insights of EOP, we extend EOP toward entrepreneurial theory and practice by examining how entrepreneurs’ family endowment and entrepreneurial effort impact their charity donation and business growth. Utilizing a large, national dataset with 2503 Chinese entrepreneurs, our findings suggest that entrepreneurs with higher level of entrepreneurial effort are more likely to donate to charity and achieve greater firm growth in the process. In addition, higher level of entrepreneurial effort attenuates the contribution of philanthropy to firm growth. Conversely, no significant effect with respect to family wealth was found.

Relações de poder: o instituto da dotação na família imperial na Constituição de 1824

Pesquisa realizada na Constituição Política do Império do Brazil de 1824 e legislação subsidiária do século XIX. Tem por objetivo deslindar o conceito de Dotação da Família Imperial, instituto expresso em 10 artigos na Constituição de 1824. Traz como problema de pesquisa entender os significados da expressão “Dotação da Família Imperial” e descrever sua importância e conteúdos demonstrando que a Constituição de 1824 garantia a propriedade dos bens materiais e imateriais e assegurava pelo instituto da Dotação uma série de direitos financeiros à família real, dentre eles: remuneração ao Rei, à esposa, pensão aos príncipes, às princesas, mordomos particulares para cuidar do acervo patrimonial, dote, educação com docente particular individual, et. em contraposição ao que se almejava na Europa do século XIX, contrária ao modus vivendi monárquico. A Metodologia proposta foi uma pesquisa histórica e descritiva com tratamentos de dados qualitativos, tendo como fontes primarias a Constituição de 1824 e o Decreto 151/1840. O método que deu suporte à pesquisa foi o indiciarismo. Os resultados demonstraram que a Dotação orçamentária foi importante instituto defendido pela monarquia e elite e dentre outros elementos, serviu como arrimo de poder e política.

Dynamics of Cancer- and Immune-Pathway Gene Expression During Colitis and Recovery from Gut Injury in Mice Fed the Total Western Diet

Abstract Objectives Consumption of a Western type diet is a known risk factor for colorectal cancer. Our group previously developed the total Western diet (TWD) for rodents with energy and nutrient profiles that emulate a typical Western diet. In prior studies, consumption of the TWD in C57BL6/J mice markedly enhanced gut inflammation and colon tumorigenesis. In this study, our objective was to assess the dynamics of immune and cancer pathway gene expression during the onset and resolution of DSS-induced colitis. Methods Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed the standard AIN93G diet or the TWD diet for 45 days; on day 21, mice were provided 1% (w/V) DSS in the drinking water for 10 days. On days 33 and 45, the colitis disease activity index was determined. Also, days 21, 33, and 45, colon mucosa was collected (n = 8 per group) and total mRNA was isolated for gene expression analysis using the NanoString nCounter Mouse PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel, which targets 750 cancer- and immune-related genes. Results Results of these targeted gene expression analyses point to striking up-regulation of hundreds of genes associated with interferon response, inflammation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and chemokines and receptor pathways in mice fed TWD as compared to the standard AIN diet during active colitis. In a pattern that mirrored the persistent elevation in inflammation and mucosal injury observed in our prior longitudinal studies with TWD and DSS exposure, dysregulation of many of these genes persisted through recovery from gut injury, in addition to the stimulation of other pathways, such as B-cell activation and antigen processing. Conclusions This study is the first to assess the dynamics of immune and cancer pathway gene expression during the onset and resolution of DSS-induced colitis and the first to employ highly multiplexed, direct digital detection NanoString technology for analysis of a colitis transcriptome in mouse colon mucosa. Our observations indicate that consumption of the TWD markedly enhanced colitis, delayed recovery from gut injury, and enhanced colon tumorigenesis likely via extensive changes in expression of immune-related genes in the colon mucosa. Funding Sources Supported by the Hatch Capacity Project from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the Dr. Robert and Carol Deibel Family Endowment.

PD63-01 RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR PATIENTS WITH HIGH-RISK, VERY-HIGH RISK, OR METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: ONCOLOGIC RESULTS FROM THE MUSIC STATEWIDE COLLABORATIVE

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Localized: Surgical Therapy V (PD63)1 Apr 2020PD63-01 RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR PATIENTS WITH HIGH-RISK, VERY-HIGH RISK, OR METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: ONCOLOGIC RESULTS FROM THE MUSIC STATEWIDE COLLABORATIVE Brian Lane*, Silvia Mora, Ji Qi, Todd Morgan, Christopher Brede, James Peabody, Arvin George, and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative Brian Lane*Brian Lane* More articles by this author , Silvia MoraSilvia Mora More articles by this author , Ji QiJi Qi More articles by this author , Todd MorganTodd Morgan More articles by this author , Christopher BredeChristopher Brede More articles by this author , James PeabodyJames Peabody More articles by this author , Arvin GeorgeArvin George More articles by this author , and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000980.01AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Guideline-recommended management of high risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa) is radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection (RP+PLND) or radiation therapy with/without systemic therapy. Increasingly, patients with regional (N1) and distant (M1) metastases are being considered for definitive local therapy. We investigated the oncologic outcomes of surgery for patients categorized as HR, very-high risk (VHR), or with suspected metastatic (N1 and/or M1) PCa at the time of RP. METHODS: The MUSIC registry was queried for all RP from 1/2012 to 12/ 2018. Of the 9208 patients, 2023 patients (22%) were classified as having HR PCa or higher. HR PCa was defined as having PSA≥20 or cT3-4 or biopsy grade group (bGG) 4-5;VHR PCa was defined as having ≥2 HR features, or >4 cores of bGG 4-5, or primary pattern 5. Metastatic PCa was defined as clinical N1 and/or M1 disease. The pre-treatment and oncologic outcomes of the HR, VHR, and metastatic groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier analysis of biochemical recurrence (BCR) and multivariable analyses were performed with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: At median follow-up of 20.8 months after RP, overall 3-year BCR-free probability was 66% for HR, 49% for VHR, and 47% for metastatic PCa patients (p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, the highly significant (p<0.001) predictors of BCR included PSA (Hazard Ratio: 3.35 (95%CI:2.32,4.83) for PSA>50, 2.35 (1.87,2.96) for PSA 20-50, and 2.07 (1.71,2.51) for PSA 10-20 vs. PSA<10) and risk group (1.63 (1.22,2.18) for metastatic and 1.45 (1.18,1.77) for VHR vs. HR). bGG 3-5, cT2-T4, and African-American race were significant BCR predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 25% of RP were performed for HR or higher PCa. Although these patients are clearly at higher risk for BCR and many received additional treatments for PCa, the majority are disease-free 3 years after surgery. RP appears to be an oncologically-sound approach for patients with HR and VHR PCa. Patients with suspicion of N1 or M1 disease that undergo RP appear to have similar oncologic outcomes to non-metastatic VHR patients. The value of local treatment in the setting of confirmed metastatic disease is the focus of ongoing clinical trials, and is best performed in this setting. Source of Funding: Betz Family Endowment for Cancer ResearchBlue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue Supplement 4April 2020Page: e1292-e1292 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Brian Lane* More articles by this author Silvia Mora More articles by this author Ji Qi More articles by this author Todd Morgan More articles by this author Christopher Brede More articles by this author James Peabody More articles by this author Arvin George More articles by this author for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Brain connectivity and activity during Alzheimer’s disease progression in a mouse model by manganese‐‐enhanced MRI in living brain correlated with post‐mortem histopathology.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) arises from inherited mutations in genes associated with plaque formation: amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau, and presenilin, or sporadically without these mutations. Studies of mice expressing these familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD)‐associated mutations has led to new insights into the biological processes in sporadic AD. We study a mouse model in which expression of the FAD protein, APPSwInd, can be suppressed after plaque formation. This mouse thus corresponds to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, where plaques are present in the absence of mutated protein. We use manganese‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), an emerging technology, coupled with histopathology of serial sections to investigate how plaques affect connectivity, neural activity degeneration throughout the whole brain as the mouse ages. MEMRI can be used in two ways: to determine axonal transport dynamics and to map neural activity in living mice. Stereotactic intracranial injection of Mn2+ traces transport in hippocampus occurring over 24h in the awake behaving mouse. Systemic Mn2+ enters active neurons in the brain of freely moving mice over 24h and is imaged retrospectively. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor to A□eta plaques. The cytoplasmic domain of APP mediates cargo‐motor attachments for axonal transport. Our results show that in APP‐KO mice, axonal transport on Mn2+ is decreased demonstrating the APP plays a role in Mn2+ transport. In old transgenic mice APPSwInd, with both over‐expression of mutated protein and plaques, axonal transport is altered, as detected by time‐lapse manganese‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) of the brain in living mice. Time‐lapse MR images were captured before and successive time points after stereotactic injection of Mn2+ (3–5nL) into CA3 of the hippocampus. Images of multiple individuals from the two groups (with plaques and no expression, or without plaques) were aligned and processed with our automated computational pipeline, and voxel‐wise statistical parametric mapping (SPM) performed. Whole brain neural activity was decreased in 3yr old mice with plaque and expressing APPSwInd compared to non‐expressing littermates, particularly in the hippocampus. Brains were harvested after MEMRI for biochemistry, or fixed, embedded and serially sectioned for histopathology. Histopathology detected mouse p‐tau–positive dystrophic neurites, decreases in the volume of septal nuclei, decrease in dentate gyrus width and cell death. Thus, plaque alone depresses transport in the important hippocampal to basal forebrain memory circuit, and decreases neural activity in the aging mouse.Support or Funding InformationSupported by NINDS RO1 NS062184 and The Harvey Family Endowment.