Family Conversation Orientation Research Articles

Role of family communication patterns as predictors of behavioral health among students of public universities in north of Iran.

Communication is one of the oldest and greatest human achievements and the basis of social life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of family communication patterns as predictors of behavioral health among students of public universities in the north of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 461 students from all the public universities of Babol, Iran, were selected in 2019. A stratified sampling random method was used to select the samples. The demographic characteristics, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, and Communication Skills Interpersonal Test were used to collect data. Simple and multi-variate linear regressions as well as Pearson's correlation coefficient were utilized for data analysis. The mean and standard deviation scores of conversation orientation and conformity orientation were 35.61 ± 0.55 and 19.31 ± 0.41, respectively. Family conversation orientation was a significant predictor of behavioral health scales of students (except for acceptance and action), predicting negatively and significantly depression, anxiety, stress, and positively self-esteem and inter-personal communication skills of students. Family conformity orientation was also a significant predictor of behavioral health scales (except for inter-personal communication skills) of students, which predicted positively and significantly depression, anxiety, stress, and negatively acceptance, action, and students' self-esteem. To prevent behavioral health problems, it is necessary to observe conformity orientation and rely on conversation orientation.

Generation Z’s Financial Behaviour: The Role of Islamic Financial Literacy

Purpose — This research aims to examine the effect of family communication patterns on Islamic financial literacy (IFL) and risk tolerance of Generation Z (Gen Z) in Indonesia. It also examines the link between IFL, risk tolerance and financial behaviour. Finally, it highlights the moderating impact of IFL on the link between risk tolerance and financial behaviour. Design/Methodology/Approach — This study used Muslim members of Gen Z in West Sumatra Indonesia who were born between 1995 and 2001 as the population. This study collected 668 responses in two months. After some preliminary tests, such as missing value and normality test, it employed 571 usable responses as the sample. Purposive sampling was conducted and variance-based structural equation model-partial least square (SEM-PLS) was employed as the method for data analysis. Findings — The results show that family communication patterns, both conformity and conversation orientation, positively and significantly influence IFL and risk tolerance. IFL has a positive and significant impact on risk tolerance and financial behaviour. Surprisingly, IFL also moderates the link between risk tolerance and financial behaviour positively and significantly. Finally, risk tolerance significantly affects financial behaviour. Originality/Value — This research makes three theoretical contributions. First, it provides a better understanding and a more complex model of the relationship between IFL with its antecedents such as family communication patterns and also with its consequences, including risk tolerance and financial behaviour. Second, it reveals that IFL affects Gen Z’s financial behaviour significantly—an aspect which is neglected in previous research. Third, it has expanded the scope of prior studies by addressing IFL as a moderator of the link between risk tolerance and Gen Z’s financial behaviour. Research Limitations/Implications — Even though this study has carried out Harman’s single-factor analysis to anticipate a common method bias, it faces the common method bias problem due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Secondly, the study focuses on Gen Z, which means that most of the respondents are students and their financial behaviour is still affected by the decisions of their parents. Practical Implications — This study has some contributions for decision makers such as Otoritas Jasa Kewangan (Financial Services Authority) and management of Islamic banks and financial institutions. First, to increase Gen Z’s IFL, the decision makers have to educate the parents using the two-way communication orientation method. Second, the financial behaviour of Gen Z is influenced by financial literacy and risk tolerance; hence, decision makers such as the government and society have to educate Gen Z on IFL and inform them about financial risks which influence their risk tolerance when conducting financial activities. Article Classification — Research paper

A Conditional Process Analysis of Emerging Adults’ Motivated Information Management with Parents, Family Conversation Orientation, and Intentions to Vaccinate for COVID-19

ABSTRACT Using the theory of motivated information management (TMIM), this study tested the effect of emerging adults’ uncertainty discrepancy about COVID-19 vaccines on their intentions to vaccinate. In March and April of 2021, 424 emerging adult children reported on the likelihood of seeking or avoiding information from a parent about COVID-19 vaccines in response to their uncertainty discrepancy and negative emotions related to the vaccines. Results supported the direct and indirect effects specified by the TMIM. Moreover, the indirect effects of uncertainty discrepancy on intentions to vaccinate via the TMIM’s explanatory mechanisms were conditioned by family conversation orientation. Consequently, the family communication environment may alter motivated information management in parent-child relationships.

Parent–Child Relationship Satisfaction: The Influence of Family Communication Orientations and Relational Maintenance Behaviors

This study examined emerging adults’ satisfaction with parent–child relationships as a function of family communication orientations and relational maintenance behaviors. Two hundred and eleven emerging adults completed measures assessing family communication orientations (conversation and conformity), relational maintenance behaviors (shared tasks, shared networks, positivity, openness, and assurances), and satisfaction with parent–child relationships. Results demonstrated that family conversation orientation and relational maintenance behaviors were positively associated with relationship satisfaction; family conformity orientation was not related to relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, findings indicated support for a model in which positivity and openness mediated the association between family conversation orientation and children’s satisfaction with parent–child relationships.

The influence of family relationship schemas, parental support, and parental verbal aggression on mental well-being

ABSTRACT This study examined children’s mental well-being in adulthood as a function of family relationship schemas, parental support, and parental verbal aggression. Three-hundred and fifteen college students completed measures assessing family conversation and conformity orientations; parental support and verbal aggression; and mental well-being. Results demonstrated that family conversation orientation and parental support were positively associated with mental well-being. Conversely, family conformity orientation and parental verbal aggression were negatively related to mental well-being. Furthermore, findings indicated partial support for a statistical model in which parental support and parental verbal aggression mediated the association between family relationship schemas and mental well-being.

Family Communication Patterns, Received Social Support, and Perceived Quality of Care in the Family Caregiving Context

Family caregivers need greater support to provide optimal assistance to their care recipients. Using family communication patterns theory (FCPT), this study examined conversation and conformity orientation, received social support by caregivers from family members, and perceived quality of care (i.e., caregiving mastery). An online survey of 191 adults caring for or who had previously cared for family members with a variety of health conditions revealed that conversation orientation is positively related to received social support, which is positively associated with quality of care. Received social support mediated the relationship between family conversation orientation and quality of care, though indirect effects for conformity orientation were not observed.

Children’s Empathy and Family Income: The Mediating Role of Family Communication Pattern

The research examined whether the communication patterns in the family by conversation and conformity orientations served as mediators of the relation between children’s empathy and family income. The research was conducted to parents of children age six to eight years old as the participants (N = 233) in Jakarta, Indonesia. The parents’ completed parent’s questionnaire for children’s empathy, family income, and family communication pattern. The relation analyzed using PROCESS Hayes. The results that the family communication pattern partially mediated the children’s empathy and family income. This research result shows a couple of findings. First, the children who come from a low-income family with family conformity orientation have lower empathy. The second finding is that the children with the family who have family conversation orientation have higher empathy. This second finding works for both low and high incomes family. Besides, only conformity orientation is found to mediate the effect of family income on child’s empathy. This research finds there are connections between family environment and children’s behavior. Developing the children’s empathy going to be positive for their social-emotional outcomes in the future is paramount because the children learn to express and regulate their emotion in a positive way when they have higher empathy.

The Family Environment of “Quick-Witted” Persons: Birth Order, Family Communication Patterns, and Creative Facility

“Creative facility” refers to the ease, rapidity, or fluency with which people are able to formulate and produce novel, appropriate messages. Previous research indicates that people differ in this regard and that the phenomenon is linked to various personality and cognitive-style variables. This study aims to investigate whether aspects of family structure (i.e., birth order) and family processes (i.e., family communication patterns) are related to creative facility. Results indicated a significant interaction between birth order and family conversation orientation such that, for first-borns, higher levels of conversation orientation were associated with slower message production. No effects were observed for family conformity orientation. Among the implications of the findings is the need to assess birth order in studies of family communication patterns.

Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence Between Family Communication Patterns and Achievement Motivation Among High School Students

Background: Achievement motivation is among the structures that have been attracting the attention of many researchers in the field of psychology and education. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the mediating role of emotional intelligence in relationship between family communication patterns and achievement motivation. Methods: In this correlational study, 291 high school students (all male) were selected from Shiraz city using the random multistage cluster sampling method. To collect data, the scale of family communication patterns, emotional intelligence and achievement motivation questionnaires were used. The research conceptual model was analyzed and assessed using the simultaneous sequential regression method and the steps proposed by Baron and Kenny. All analyses were performed using the SPSS software version 22. Results: The results showed that family conversation orientation was a positive predictor of achievement motivation (P < 0.01) and emotional intelligence (P < 0.01). Also, the results revealed that family conformity orientation was a negative predictor of achievement motivation (P < 0.01) and emotional intelligence (P < 0.01). Emotional intelligence was a positive predictor of achievement motivation (P < 0.01) and emotional intelligence played a partial mediator between family conversation orientation and conformity orientation with achievement motivation. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, increasing of conversation orientation and emotional intelligence and decreasing of conformity orientation are accompanied by increasing high school students’ achievement motivation.

The Prediction of Test Anxiety Based on Family Communication Pattern Dimensions: The Mediating Role of Academic Resilience Among First Year High School Students

Objectives: The aim of present study is to investigate the mediating role of academic resilience in the relationship between dimensions of family communication pattern and test anxiety in first-grade high school male students. Materials and Methods: The study comprised 291 male high school students, selected by random multi-stage cluster sampling method in Shiraz, Iran. The family communication patterns questionnaire, academic resilience inventory (ARI) and test anxiety questionnaire were used for collection of data. The Cronbach’s coefficient was used to ascertain the reliability of research. The results showed an acceptable reliability of the instrument. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, and simultaneous multiple regressions for predicting variables. Results: Results showed that 1- Family conversation orientation was negative and significant predictor of test anxiety, 2- Family conversation orientation was positive and significant predictor of academic resilience, 3- Family conformity orientation was positive and significant predictor of test anxiety, 4- Academic resilience played a complete mediating role in the relationship between family conversation orientation and test anxiety. Conclusions: According to these results, increasing of conversation orientation and resilience and decreasing of conformity orientation leads to reduction of test anxiety in first-grade high school male students.

Buy Now, Pay Later: Family Communication Patterns Theory, Parental Financial Support, and Emerging Adults’ Openness about Credit Card Behaviors

Guided by family communication patterns (FCP) theory, the current study investigated the ways that family interaction contributes to emerging adults’ likelihood to discuss their credit card behaviors with their parents. Data from 188 emerging adults were analyzed. Results indicated that family conversation orientation and the interaction of family conversation and conformity orientation were significantly related to emerging adults’ openness about their credit card behaviors. Further, emerging adults who paid their own credit cards shared less with their parents about their credit card behaviors. Although not statistically significant, moderation analyses suggested that emerging adults who paid their own credit card bills were perhaps less influenced by FCPs regarding openness with their parent(s) about their credit card use than emerging adults whose parents paid their credit card bills. These findings add to the literature on family openness regarding credit card behaviors by examining this phenomenon through a FCP theory lens.

Formative Communication Experiences and Message Production Ability in Adulthood: Family Communication Patterns and Creative Facility

Everyday experience suggests that there are individuals who are “glib,” who are “quick-witted,” and who can “think on their feet.” This ability to formulate fluent, novel messages has been termed creative facility, and previous research has identified various personality trait and information processing correlates of the phenomenon. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether formative communication experiences (i.e., family communication patterns) might be related to creative facility in a sample of young adults. The results indicated that people reporting a high family conformity orientation tended to be less fluent in formulating simple novel narratives and, further, that this effect was heightened under more cognitively demanding encoding conditions. Family conversation orientation did not have an effect on message fluency.

Parental Invasive Behaviors and Emerging Adults' Privacy Defenses: Instrument Development and Validation

Building from previous efforts by Petronio (1994) and Ledbetter, Heiss, Sibal, Lev, Battle-Fisher, and Shubert (2010), the chief purposes of this investigation were to (a) develop instruments measuring parental invasive and children's defensive privacy behaviors and (b) validate the instruments by examining associations with family satisfaction and family communication patterns. Confirmatory factor analysis identified three dimensions of parental invasion (verbal, spatial, and mediated) and five dimensions of children's defense (secrecy, mediated, avoidance, direct, and peer). Both parental invasions and children's defenses were negatively associated with family satisfaction and conversation orientation, and positively associated with family conformity orientation. High family conversation mitigated against the positive contribution of conformity to secrecy, direct, and peer defenses.

The Role of Family Communication in Individual Health Attitudes and Behaviors Concerning Diet and Physical Activity

This study explored associations among family communication patterns (conversation and conformity orientations), health-specific communication variables, health attitudes, and health behaviors in a sample of 433 family dyads (N = 866). As expected, results of multilevel models revealed that individuals’ health attitudes were strongly associated with their self-reported health behaviors. Findings also suggested that perceived confirmation from a family member during health-specific conversations (a) directly influenced health attitudes, (b) partially accounted for the positive relationship between family conversation orientation and health attitudes, and (c) partially accounted for the inverse relationship between family conformity orientation and health attitudes. Similarly, frequency of health-specific communication (a) directly influenced health attitudes, (b) partially accounted for the positive relationship between family conversation orientation and health attitudes, and (c) directly associated with health behaviors. Results from an actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) supported the aforementioned within-person association between a person's own health attitudes and health behaviors, as well as a positive relationship between young adults’ health attitudes and their influential family member's health behaviors. Implications of these findings are discussed as they relate to theory and obesity prevention.

Family Communication Patterns Moderate the Relationship Between Psychological Reactance and Willingness to Talk About Organ Donation

Considerable research has investigated how psychological reactance affects individuals' responses to health promotion messages, but little is known about how family processes might moderate the reactance process. In this study, 301 participants were exposed to a persuasive message about organ donation. The moderating role of family communication patterns in the reactance process was tested using hierarchical regression. We found that family conversation orientation had a direct effect on willingness to talk with family members about being an organ donor and that family conformity orientation and family conversation orientation each interacted with reactance to predict willingness to communicate with family about donation. Theoretically, these results extend psychological reactance theory by considering how interpersonal factors affect the reactance process. Practically, the findings suggest that for optimal impact, family processes should be considered in the design of messages promoting organ donation.

P01-281 - Relationship between family communication patterns with locus of control, self esteem, shyness and communication skills in adolescents

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigation the relationship between the dimensions of Family communication patterns (conversation orientation and conformity orientation) with adolescents’ locus of control, self esteem, Shyness and communication patterns.MethodThe participant in this study includes 367 students (232 girls and 135 boys) of first and second graders in high school in the first region of Tehran, that were chosen by available sampling method and filled the Revised family communication patterns questionnaire (RFCP), Levenson locus of control scale (IPC), Rosenberg self esteem questionnaire, shyness questionnaire of Cheeck and Buss and communication skills questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to predict each of the criterion variables by Dimensions of family communication patterns.ResultThe regression analysis result revealed that the Family conversation orientation has a positive and significant relationship with internal locus of control, high self esteem and communication skills and predicts them positively. Also Family conformity orientation has a positive and significant relationship with external locus of control and shyness and predicts them positively. And has a significant negative relationship with self esteem and predicts it negatively.ConclusionThe finding of present research show that the families with conversation orientation, who have the free, comfortable and rich relationships as a need of joyful family life, lead to the formation of internal locus of control, higher self esteem, less shyness and more communication patterns in children in comparison with the families with conformity orientation.

Family Communication Patterns and Willingness to Engage in Family Discussion about Organ Donation

While individuals may register as organ donors via state organ donor registries, it is important for people who wish to donate their organs in the future to engage in family discussion about these wishes as well because family members need to consent to the wishes of the deceased. In order to better understand possible reasons why young people may or may not engage in family discussions about organ donation, the current study examined two dimensions of family communication patterns, conformity and conversation orientations, as possible moderators for organ donation related attitudes and behaviors. Undergraduate participants (N = 461) in the United States of America responded to a questionnaire assessing general communication patterns in their family, altruism, attitudes about organ donation, intention to sign an organ donor card, and willingness to talk to family about organ donation. Findings showed that attitude toward organ donation was a stronger predictor of willingness to engage in family discussion among individuals whose family communication was lower on a conformity orientation (simple slopes, b = 0.28 versus b = 0.07) than among individuals whose family communication pattern was higher on a conformity orientation. On the other hand, intention to sign a donor card was a stronger predictor of willingness to engage in family discussion (simple slopes, b = 0.70 versus b = 0.45)) among individuals whose family communication was higher on a conversation orientation than among individuals whose family communication pattern was lower on a conversation orientation. Additionally, willingness to engage in family discussion was positively related to the self-reported behavior of family discussion about organ donation one week later.

Family Communication Patterns and Cognitive Processing: Conversation and Conformity Orientations as Predictors of Informational Reception Apprehension

This study examined the unique and combined associations among family communication patterns (i.e., conversation and conformity orientations) and young adult children's informational reception apprehension (IRA; i.e., listening anxiety and intellectual inflexibility). Participants included 592 young adult children from first-marriage and postdivorce families. Results indicated that family conversation orientations are inversely associated with listening anxiety and intellectual inflexibility, whereas conformity orientations are positively associated with both traits. Furthermore, an interaction effect between conversation and conformity orientations emerged, such that high-conformity orientations moderate (or reduce) the inverse association between family conversation orientations and young adults' listening anxiety. Among the more important implications in this study is the finding that family communication patterns have a small but meaningful association with individuals' information-processing skills.

Communication Processes That Mediate Family Communication Patterns and Mental Well-Being: A Mean and Covariance Structures Analysis of Young Adults From Divorced and Nondivorced Families

In this study, demand/withdraw patterns and feeling caught were tested as mediators of family communication patterns and young adults' mental well-being. Participants included 567 young adults from divorced and nondivorced families. For young adults in nondivorced families, family conversation orientations had both a positive, direct effect on mental well-being and an indirect effect on well-being through witnessing marital demand/withdraw patterns and feeling caught. For young adults in divorced families, however, conversation orientations had only a direct, positive effect on well-being, whereas conformity orientations had a negative, indirect effect through witnessing demand/withdraw patterns. Interestingly, respondents from divorced families reported more feelings of being caught between their parents, yet such feelings predicted diminished well-being only for respondents from nondivorced families.

Family communication patterns, rebelliousness, and adolescent reactions to anti-drug PSAs.

Research suggests that adolescents' family communication patterns should predict their reactions to anti-drug messages. The authors propose that the impact of such patterns is contingent upon the extent of adolescent rebelliousness. Fifty-one adolescents saw six anti-drug PSAs, and assessed whether they considered the messages believable and likely to persuade them and people they knew. Respondents were split into high/low groups with respect to conformity-orientation (authoritarian family communication patterns), conversation-orientation (open family communication patterns), and rebelliousness. As predicted, rebellious adolescents from the more authoritarian, conformity-oriented families considered the messages relatively less believable than did the non-rebellious adolescents from authoritarian, conformity-oriented families. Predicted negative relationships between family conversation-orientation and assessments of anti-drug PSA believability and persuasiveness were not found. Youth who had experimented with drugs, as predicted, did assess the anti-drug PSAs as less persuasive than those who did not.