Family Caregiver Burden Research Articles

Shared Medication PLanning In Home Hospice to Address Medication Regimen Complexity and Family Caregiver Burden: A Brief Report.

Objective: Medication management in home hospice is challenging for family caregivers (FCGs). We tested a patient-centered medication review and FCG support program delivered by hospice staff called "Shared Medication PLanning In (SiMPLIfy) Home Hospice." Methods: A pilot cluster-randomized trial at two U.S. home hospice agencies measured the primary outcome of reduction in Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) (range 0 [no medications]-no upper limit) and secondary outcome of Family Caregiver Medication Administration Hassle Scale (FCMAHS) (range 0 [no hassle-120 [greatest hassle]). Results: Twenty-two patient-FCG dyads enrolled. Mean baseline MRCI in the intervention group = 39 (95% CI: 30.9, 47.1) and control group = 25.5 (95% CI: 21.0-30.1). Half of intervention patients (3 of 6) had reduced MRCI compared with 26.7% (4 of 15) control patients (p = 0.07). MRCI was not significantly associated with caregiver burden. FCMAHS differed between spousal and nonspousal FCGs (p = 0.12). Conclusion: A clinician-FCG-patient communication program in home hospice is feasible and may reduce medication complexity. SiMPLIfy has the potential to reduce polypharmacy.

Does Social Support Alleviate the Caregiving Burden of Adult Children? Evidence from Chinese Long-Term Care Insurance Pilot Program

ABSTRACT In China, and many other developed nations, public long-term care insurance (LTCI) is a commonly adopted approach to meet long-term care needs, but its impact on the burden of family caregivers remains uncertain. This study investigated whether a parent having LTCI alleviates the caregiver burden for the adult child caregiver. Data derived from the 2011, 2013, and 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 4595 adult child caregivers). Guided by the stress-appraisal model, Difference-in-Difference (DID) methods were used to investigate the spillover effects of LTCI on caregiver stressors and burden. The results show that having public LTCI in place in a location is associated with reduced caregiver burden among adult child caregivers through its effects on secondary stressors (wealth, health, and sleep problems) and hours of caregiving. Findings suggest that the LTCI is an effective form of social support for aiding family caregivers and alleviating their burden.

The Importance of Honoring Family Caregiver Burden: Challenges in Mental Health Care Delivery.

There is growing recognition of the profound mental health challenges faced by the 53 million U.S.family caregivers, and the need for increased access to psychosocial care for this vulnerable population. Family caregivers are increasingly seeking support from hospital-based counseling centers. This trend-combined with a public policy landscape that promotes the delivery of caregiver-specific supports and services-highlights challenges faced by mental health professionals to provide and bill for psychosocial care to family caregivers. In this paper, we discuss three interrelated challenges that mental health professionals face in providing care to family caregivers and which our field needs to confront as healthcare transfers more responsibilities onto the shoulders of family caregivers: (1) caregiver burden is not recognized as a formal diagnosis; (2) current documentation for caregivers is typically linked to patient encounters; and (3) support for family caregivers occurs within larger systematic barriers to mental health integration. By accurately describing and documenting caregiver burden and advocating for increased parity in mental health coverage, we hope that the field can bridge the gap between emerging research, momentum in policy, and available psychosocial services for this vulnerable population.

Investigating the Relationship between the Health Literacy of COVID-19 Patients and the Burden of Family Caregivers

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with the challenge of health literacy of patients and the care burden of family caregivers. Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between the health literacy of patients discharged with the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the care burden of family caregivers. Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was conducted on 290 people who were COVID-19 patients and 290 people who were their family caregivers in 2022. The study used the convenience sampling method in hospitals located in 22 Bahman Khaf and Allameh Bohlol Gonabadi. The data were collected using the health literacy questionnaire of Montazeri et al. (2005) and the burden of care questionnaire of Zarit et al. (1998). The data were analyzed using SPSS-22 statistical software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent t, Pearson correlation coefficient, and ANOVA tests at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The level of health literacy in most patients was weak. The burden of care for most family caregivers was severe. There was a negative and significant relationship between the health literacy of patients in general and the care burden of family caregivers in general (p<0.001). For an increase of one health literacy score in general, the care burden score decreases by 0.44. Conclusion: As the health literacy of patients increases, the care burden of their family caregivers decreases. Therefore, scientific and practical training plans for patients are recommended to health policymakers to improve health literacy and ultimately reduce the care burden of family caregivers.

Easing Caregiver Strain: The Power of Health Check-ups

Against the backdrop of global aging and escalating pressures on family caregiving, this study delves into the impact of health check-ups for the elderly on alleviating the objective burden of family caregiving by analyzing China's Free Health Check-up Program (FHCP). Using an unbalanced panel dataset spanning 2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020, comprising approximately 35,000 observations of the elderly population aged 65 and above, the research employs the Difference-in-Differences method. The research reveals a significant 9.18% reduction in family caregiving time following the implementation of FHCP, primarily attributed to the enhancement of the elderly's self-care abilities and health awareness. This study elucidates, for the first time, the efficacy and mechanisms of health check-ups in alleviating caregiving objective burdens, providing evidence for the formulation of pertinent policies. It underscores the significance of routine health check-ups as a public health intervention in supporting family caregivers and addressing the challenges of aging.

Community-based elderly home care services policy and household consumption enhancement: Evidence from China

The influence of elderly consumption is increasing, and community-based elderly home care service (CEHCS), as an important social security system, will have a significant impact on household consumption levels and consumption structure. This paper utilizes data from five batches of CEHCS pilot policies implemented in China from 2016 to 2020, combined with data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2020, to design a dynamic difference-in-differences model to systematically evaluate the dynamic effects and mechanisms of CEHCS on elderly household non-durable goods consumption. The study found that after the coverage of CEHCS, the consumption levels of non-durable goods such as clothing, daily necessities, and cultural and entertainment products in middle-aged and elderly households significantly increased year by year, while consumption of durable goods significantly decreased. Moreover, the impact of CEHCS was more pronounced in households with lower housing assets and rural households. Mechanism analysis suggests that CEHCS promote the increase in non-durable goods consumption by alleviating children's labor constraints, reducing the family's caregiving burden, and diminishing precautionary savings. This paper provides further empirical evidence on the pathways through which elderly care services influence household consumption behavior, which holds significant implications for proactively addressing population aging and unlocking household consumption potential through micro-institutional design.

Care burden and associated factors among caregivers of patients with bipolar type I disorder

BackgroundFamily caregivers play a significant role in providing care for these people at home and need new evidence on the outcomes of their caregiving. Caregiving for people with chronic psychiatric disorders, especially Bipolar type I Disorder (BD-I), is a major challenge in the healthcare system. This study aimed to examine the relationship between caregiver burden, resilience and optimism in family caregivers of patients with BD-I.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional design and involved 209 family caregivers of people with BD-I by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R). The participants were selected from the list of family caregivers covered by the Ibn Sina Hospital’s health clinic in Mashhad, Iran. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 0.05.ResultsThe average ages of the caregivers and their patients were 45.43 (13.34) and 36.7 (14.05), respectively. The average caregiver burden score was 41.92 (19.18), which was moderate (31 to 60). The predictors of caregiver burden in this study were caregiver-related factors such as optimism (p < 0.001, β = 0.25) and employment status (housewife: p = 0.038, β = 0.43; self-employed: p = 0.007, β = 0.12; retired: p < 0.001, β = 0.23), and patient-related factors such as the presence of psychotic symptoms (p < 0.001, β = 0.33), daily caregiving hours (p < 0.001, β = 0.16), history of suicide attempts (p = 0.035, β = 0.43), and alcohol consumption (p < 0.001, β = 0.85). These variables explained 58.3% of the variance in caregiver burden scores.ConclusionThe study concluded that family caregivers of people with BD-I had moderate levels of caregiver burden and low resilience, influenced by various factors related to themselves and their patients. Psychological education interventions within the framework of mental health support systems are recommended to reduce caregiver burden in these people.

The impact of religious spiritual care training on the spiritual health and care burden of elderly family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a field trial study

BackgroundFamily caregiving is associated with many physical and psychological problems for caregivers, but the effect of spiritual support on reducing their issues during a crisis is also the subject of research. The study aims to examine the impact of religious spiritual care training on the spiritual health and care burdens of elderly family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe randomized controlled field trial involved 80 Iranian family caregivers in Bushehr City, who were selected by convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and divided into experimental (40 people) and control (40 people) groups by simple random sampling in 2021 and 2022. Data collection was conducted using spiritual health and care burden questionnaires using the Porsline software. The virtual intervention included spiritual and religious education. Four virtual sessions were held offline over two weeks. The first session was to get to know the participants and explain the purpose, The second session focused on the burden of care, the third on empowerment, and the fourth on mental health and related issues. In the control group, daily life continued as usual during the study.ResultsMean changes in existential health (3.40 ± 6.25) and total spiritual health (5.05 ± 11.12) increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups for existential health (t = 3.78, p = 0.001) and spiritual health (t = 3.13, p = 0.002). Cohen’s d-effect sizes for spiritual health and caregiving burden were 0.415 and 0.366, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in mean changes in religious health (p = 0.067) or caregiving burden (p = 0.638) between the two intervention and control groups.ConclusionGiven that the religious-spiritual intervention had a positive effect on existential health and no impact on religious health or care burden, it is recommended that comprehensive planning be undertaken to improve the spiritual health of family caregivers to enable them to better cope with critical situations such as a COVID-19 pandemic.Trial registrationIRCT code number IRCT20150529022466N16 and trial ID number 48,021. (Registration Date2020/06/28)

The role of psychoeducation and yoga in reducing the burden of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease

The role of psychoeducation and yoga in reducing the burden of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Breathing on Strain, Burden, and Burnout in Family Caregivers of Palliative Care Patients: Randomized Controlled Study.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of online mindfulness-based breathing therapy combined with music on the levels of perceived strain, caregiver burden and burnout in caregivers of palliative care patients. This was a prospective, single-blind, randomized-controlled study. A total of 100 caregivers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). Participants in the intervention group agreed to 3 sessions of mindfulness-based breathing therapy per week. Participants in the control group agreed to sit in a comfortable position in a quiet environment for 30 minutes for 3 consecutive days. We found statistical differences in groups in strain (P < .001), burden (P = .015) and burnout (P = .039) when comparing intervention and control groups. Mindfulness-based breathing therapy combined with music is a non-pharmacological approach that may reduce perceived strain, caregiver burden and burnout in caregivers.

Translation and validation of the caregiving burden scale for family caregivers of children with cancer in chinese population

BackgroundEffective response and reducing the burden of family care for children with cancer is critical, and China currently lacks a specific assessment tool.AimsThis study aimed to translate and validate the Caregiving Burden Scale for Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer (CBSFC-CC) and then test and implement the tool.MethodsAccording to the Beaton cross-cultural debugging guide, preliminary Chinese version of CBSFC-CC scale was formed, which was suitable for Chinese language environment and clinical context. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to verify structural validity. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability were also conducted.ResultsA total of 529 family caregivers of children with cancer participated in the survey. EFA extracts and combines four factors and explained 65.80% of the total variation. CFA proved that all the goodness-of-fit indicators were acceptable. The Cronbach’s alpha of the Chinese version of CBSFC-CC was .96, and the test–retest reliability coefficient was .95. Four dimensions and 29 items were identified in the final Chinese version of CBSFC-CC.ConclusionThe chinese version CBSFC-CC is scientifically reasonable and has good reliability and validity, which can be applied to the investigation of the nursing burden of family caregivers of children with cancer in China.

Enhancing Outcomes in Alzheimer's Disease: Exploring the Effects of a Diversified Rehabilitation Program Combined with Donepezil on Apathy, Cognitive Function, and Family Caregiver Burden.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and functional impairments. Apathy, a common symptom in Alzheimer's disease, refers to a lack of motivation, interest, and emotional responsiveness. It can significantly impact patients' quality of life and increase caregiver burden. This study aimed to determine the effects of a diversified rehabilitation program combined with donepezil on apathy, cognitive function, and family caregiver burden of Alzheimer's disease patients. A total of 105 Alzheimer's disease patients treated at our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected and analyzed retrospectively. They were assigned to the control group (n = 50) or the observation group (n = 55). The two groups did not differ in terms of general data such as age and sex. All patients were treated with donepezil orally. The control group was given routine nursing, whereas the observation group was given a diversified rehabilitation program intervention, including cognitive training and emotional support. The Hasegawa's dementia scale, mini-mental state examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment scale were adopted to evaluate the cognitive function of the two groups before and after treatment. A caregiver burden scale, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and the Apathy Evaluation Scale Informant version (AES-I) were used to evaluate the caregiver burden and apathy of the two groups. A significantly higher overall response rate to treatment was found in the observation group (94.55%) than in the control group (80.00%) (p = 0.024). After treatment, scores on the Hasegawa's dementia scale, mini-mental state examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment scale of the two groups increased to varying degrees, with greater increases in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The ZBI and AES-I scores of the two groups decreased to different degrees after treatment, with greater decreases in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). A diversified rehabilitation program combined with donepezil can substantially alleviate the apathy of Alzheimer's disease patients, improve their cognitive function, and reduce the burden on their families.

Palliative care for patients with heart failure and family caregivers in rural Appalachia: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) is a debilitating disease with worsening symptoms and family caregiving burden. HF affects more than 8 million Americans. West Virginia has the highest HF death rate in the U.S. and limited healthcare services. This study tested whether the family HF palliative and end-of-life care intervention (FamPALcare) improved patient and caregiver outcomes at 3- and 6-month study endpoints.MethodsThis study used a randomized controlled trial design. Patients with HF and their caregivers were randomly assigned together to the intervention (n = 21) or control (n = 18) group. The intervention included five telephone coaching sessions on the HF home, palliative, and end-of-life care. The outcome data collected at baseline and at 3 and 6 months were from the patients’ (a) HF-related health status and depression/anxiety scale scores; and from caregivers’ (b) caregiving burden and depression/anxiety scale scores; and (c) anonymous ratings on the 11-item FamPALcare helpfulness scale, completed by the intervention participants.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 65.66 (SD = 13.72) years, and 67% were White males. The mean age of the caregivers was 62.05 (SD = 13.14) years, and 77% were White females. Compared to the controls, patients in the intervention group had significantly greater scores for HF-related health status (p < .05) and lower depression/anxiety scores at 6 months, the study endpoint. The family caregivers in the intervention group had significantly lower scores on caregiving burden (p < .05) and depression/anxiety (p < .01) at 3 months. The mean helpfulness rating was M = 4.46 out of 5 (SD = 0.49).ConclusionsThe FamPALcare intervention was found to be effective at improving patient HF-related health status and reducing caregiver burden and improving both patient and caregiver depression and anxiety scores. The FamPALcare HF intervention was found feasible and consistently delivered (fidelity). The FamPALcare intervention’s cost-effectiveness and helpfulness ratings information will be used to plan for subsequent clinical trials.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04153890, Registered on 4 November 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04153890.

The CAREPAL-8: a short screening tool for multidimensional family caregiver burden in palliative care

BackgroundFamily caregivers of terminally ill and dying people do not only experience varying levels but also different dimensions of caregiver-related strain and burden. The aim of the study was to develop a short multidimensional screening tool for the detection of burden in family caregivers in palliative care.MethodsFamily caregivers of cancer patients newly admitted to specialist inpatient palliative care (N = 232) completed questionnaires on psychological burden, quality of life, social support and need fulfillment. A latent class mixture model was used to identify discrete classes of family caregivers related to their multidimensional caregiver burden. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the most predictive items from a set of established questionnaires.ResultsFour latent classes of family caregivers were identified: Currently stable caregivers (37%), Caregivers with unmet needs (20%), Psychologically burdened caregivers (30%), and High-risk caregivers (13%). Each of these classes describes a different risk profile of multidimensional family caregiver burden, although family caregivers exhibit high levels of distress across all classes. From a set of 48 items, we identified eight items that predicted the class membership best. These items represent the items of the novel multidimensional screening tool: The 8-item Screening Tool for Family Caregiver Burden in Palliative Care (CAREPAL-8). Except for social support, the items maintained fidelity to the conceptualization of multidimensional caregiver burden used in this study. A preliminary classification system was developed, which has yet to be validated.ConclusionsThis study represents the first step in the establishment of a practical, self-administered screening tool that might help healthcare providers to tailor caregiver care according to their burden in daily practice. Brevity of the 8-item tool might facilitate its use in routine clinical care.

Association Between Caregiver Strain and Self-Care Among Caregivers With Hypertension: Findings From the REGARDS Study.

Self-care for adults with hypertension includes adherence to lifestyle behaviors and medication. For unpaid caregivers with hypertension, the burden of family caregiving may adversely impact self-care. We examined the association between caregiver strain and hypertension self-care among caregivers with hypertension. We included participants of the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study who identified as caregivers and had hypertension. Caregiver strain, assessed by self-report, was categorized as "none/some" or "high." Hypertension self-care was assessed individually across 5 domains (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH] diet, physical activity, alcohol use, cigarette smoking, and medication adherence) and a composite self-care score summing performance across them. The association between caregiver strain and hypertension self-care was examined with multivariable linear regression. Among the 2128 caregivers with hypertension, 18.1% reported high caregiver strain. Caregivers with high strain versus those with none/some were less adherent to the DASH diet (50.8% versus 38.9%, P<0.002), physically inactive (44.4% versus 36.2%, P<0.009), current smokers (19.7% versus 13.9%, P<0.004), and had lower overall self-care scores (6.6 [SD 1.7] versus 7.0 [SD 1.7], P<0.001). In an age-adjusted model, high caregiver strain was associated with worse hypertension self-care (β=-0.37 [95% CI, -0.61 to -0.13]); this remained significant but was reduced in magnitude after adjustment for sociodemographics (β=-0.35 [-0.59 to -0.11]), comorbidities (β=-0.34 [-0.57 to -0.10]), caregiving intensity (β=-0.34 [-0.59 to 0.10]), and psychological factors (β=-0.26 [-0.51 to 0.00]). High caregiver strain was associated with worse hypertension self-care overall and across individual domains. Increased awareness of caregiver strain and its potential impact on hypertension self-care is warranted.

Caring for a Parent With a Blood Cancer: Sibling Communication Challenges and Psychosocial Outcomes

This exploratory survey study used quantitative and qualitative analyses to (a) identify challenges communicating with siblings that adult child caregivers of a parent with a blood cancer encounter and (b) examine how these challenges are related to caregivers’ burden, social support, family openness, and clinical communication quality. A total of 95 caregivers with siblings participated in an online survey. We conducted a qualitative content analysis on an open-ended response to understand their challenges and statistical analyses on responses to validated scales to examine associations between the challenges and psychosocial/communication outcomes. Caregivers encountered nine challenges communicating with siblings (lack of agreement and competing obligations). Caregivers’ family openness, social support, and caregiver burden differed based on several challenges. The number of siblings was linked to poorer outcomes (burden). Adult child caregivers face sibling-related challenges, which may inhibit their communication and well-being.

Normality and compassionate care: experiences from advanced cancer patients in their last time at home

BackgroundMany cancer patients prefer to receive palliative treatment at home, as it allows them to be in a familiar and comfortable environment. Integrating Advance Care Planning (ACP) into routine practice in primary healthcare helps patients and their relatives prepare for end-of-life (EoL) care in accordance with patients’ preferences. This includes the option to spend their final days at home if desired. The aim of this study was to gain insights from experiences of advanced seriously ill cancer patients at home while receiving palliative treatment and being engaged in ACP within primary healthcare settings.MethodThis study employed a qualitative design, utilizing individual, semi-structured interviews that were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis, employing an abductive approach with a latent-level focus. The study included interviews with 12 participants with cancer who were receiving palliative care, had an estimated lifetime under 3 months, and had undergone an organized ACP approach in primary healthcare, documented with a palliative plan.ResultsParticipants emphasized the importance of (1) Preserving normality at home, maintaining a sense of routine, comfort, and familiarity in the face of present and future challenges. The top obstacles for success identified by participants included (1a) The challenge of deterioration and the dual aspects of (1b) The value and burden of family caregivers. Cancer treatment placed a significant demand on patients due to side effects. Family caregivers played a crucial role for participants, providing support in daily life and serving as a key factor in the overall decision to which extend they are able to involve in support and care at home in the future. (2) Compassionate health care personnel (HCP) made a difference by fostering a culture of understanding participants’ concerns, fears, and preferences, which was a key element that built and maintained trust for the participants. (3) Preparing for the future, especially EoL discussions initiated by healthcare personnel, was deemed important but, at times, uncomfortable for participants as it confronted them with reality. Guidance from ACP provided them with a sense of certainty and control.ConclusionPreserving normality at home, along with the desire to stay at home for as long as possible, is a crucial goal for advanced cancer patients. Consistent professional communication and care in primary healthcare play a key role in building and maintaining trust, as well as fostering a sense of certainty and control for the participants.

Burden of family caregivers in Alzheimer’s disease: The role of caregivers’ perception of cognitive impairment

Objectives This study examined the role of caregivers’ perception of cognitive impairment in burden of family caregivers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We hypothesized that the evaluation of cognitive impairment by family caregivers plays a pivotal role in burden. Methods The study included 110 dyads (person with AD and their caregiver) recruited from a Memory Unit in France. The cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms of person with AD were evaluated by a geriatrician using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Caregivers provided self-reports on the perception of cognitive impairment (IQCODE) of the care recipient, the caregiving burden (ZBI), depressive symptoms (GDS-15), and self-esteem (RSE). Descriptive analyses, comparison of different caregiver burden groups, and multinomial logistic regression analyses to understand correlates of caregiver burden were conducted with SPSS®, version 20. Results The findings show that the caregivers are on average 60 years old and the majority are women. They care for persons with AD, who are on average 82 years old and most of whom are women. Our results show that the duration of caregiving, depression of the caregiver, and caregivers’ perception of cognitive impairment contribute significantly to burden of caregiver. Discussion This study shows that it is necessary to adopt the caregiver-centered approach to support the dyad. The role of the caregivers’ perception of cognitive impairment in AD should be developed when supporting caregivers in suffering.

A Study of the Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, and Burden of Full-time Family Caregivers in the Care of Older Adults in Bengaluru, India

Abstract Background: Globally, the aging population is expanding rapidly, impacting every aspect of the society. In developing nations like India, where family members primarily serve as caregivers for older adults, inadequate knowledge about their complex needs increases caregiver burden. The topic of caregiving has been extensively studied worldwide, mainly focused on the negative aspects of caregiving. The present study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and burden of family caregivers providing care to older adults at homes in South India. Methods: This was a descriptive, observational study, which was conducted using a questionnaire-based approach. In this study, a purposive sampling technique was used, and a total of 56 family caregivers participated, who were caregivers to the patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in South India. Data Collection: A prevalidated questionnaire from previous studies was used to explore the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of caregivers of older patients.Caregiver burden was measured using Zarit Burden Interview. Results: The data were analyzed using SPSS v21. Caregiver burden was found to be high among those who cohabited with the patient (P &lt; 0.05). Sons/daughters and grandchildren had a better grasp about the medical conditions of older people, P &lt; 0.05. Attitude toward caring for older adults was strongly positive irrespective of the age category. Conclusion: Our study revealed that caregivers’ knowledge on the medical needs of the older population was inadequate. This study could pave the way for developing hospital policies, as well as planning action research, training, and counseling programs to strengthen family caregiver capacity and promote active and healthy aging.

The Relationship between Family of Origin Experiences and Aging Anxiety in Middle-aged Married Women: The Mediating Effects of Midlife Crisis and Family Caregiving Burden

The Relationship between Family of Origin Experiences and Aging Anxiety in Middle-aged Married Women: The Mediating Effects of Midlife Crisis and Family Caregiving Burden