Fakultas Pertanian Research Articles

Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Rumput Laut Eucheuma spinosum pada Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the additional flour eucheuma spinosum on feed to the growth and survival of goldfish. Research carried out for 40 days in the Laboratorium basah, Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, universitas mataram. The method used is the experimental random complete (RAL) which includes 4 treatments and 3 replacements, so the total of this experiment is 12 units. The treatment that research is the addition of different flour E. Spinosum in feed, consists of: P1: control (without additional flour E. Spinosum), P2: flour E. Spinosum 4 %, P3: flour E. Spinosum 8 %, P4: flour e. Spinosum 12 %. The results of this study indicate that the addition of flour E. spinosum feed has a significant effect on the growth of absolute, the specific growth rate and efficiency of feed, but does not affect conversion of feed and survival rate (SR). The addition of flour E. spinosum feed up to a dose of 4% can give an increase in absolute weight 4.79 g, absolute length 2.38 cm, specific growth rate (SGR) 2.62%, efficiency of feed 66.54% and feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1.47.Keywords: Eucheuma spinosum, Feed, Fish carp

Effect of additional Eucheuma spinosum seaweed flour on feed towards the growth and survival of fish carp (Cyprinus Carpio)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the additional flour eucheuma spinosum on feed to the growth and survival of goldfish. Research carried out for 40 days in the Laboratorium basah, Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, universitas mataram. The method used is the experimental random complete (RAL) which includes 4 treatments and 3 replacements, so the total of this experiment is 12 units. The treatment that research is the addition of different flour E. Spinosum in feed, consists of: P1: control (without additional flour E. Spinosum), P2: flour E. Spinosum 4 %, P3: flour E. Spinosum 8 %, P4: flour e. Spinosum 12 %. The results of this study indicate that the addition of flour E. spinosum feed has a significant effect on the growth of absolute, the specific growth rate and efficiency of feed, but does not affect conversion of feed and survival rate (SR). The addition of flour E. spinosum feed up to a dose of 4% can give an increase in absolute weight 4.79 g, absolute length 2.38 cm, specific growth rate (SGR) 2.62%, efficiency of feed 66.54% and feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1.47.Keywords: Eucheuma spinosum; Feed; Fish carp

The Effect of Spacing and Weeding Time on growth and production of Bawang Sabrang (Eleutherine Americana Merr.)

The potential of sabrang onions as a medicinal plant for industrial scale is very large because these plants can grow and adapt in all climates and types of soil with a relatively short harvest time (3-4 months). This research aim was to determine the effect of spacing treatment and weeding time as well as their interaction with the growth and production of sabrang onions (Eleutherine americana Merr.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan dengan ketinggian + 32 meter di atas permukaan laut, yang dimulai pada bulan September hingga Desember 2017. The research design used was Factorial Randomized Group Design with two factors. The first factor is the spacing with 3 types, namely: 10 cm x 20 cm; 15 cm x 20 cm; 20 cm x 20 cm and the second factor is the time of weeding with 4 types, namely: Weeds are weeded up to 28 days after planting, then weeds are left to harvest; Weeds are weeded up to 56 days after planting, then weeds are left to harvest; Weeds are weeded up to 84 days after planting, then weeds are left to harvest; Weeds are weeded up to 14 days after planting, then weeds are left until harvest. The observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves per clump, number of tubers per clump, tuber wet weight per clump, tuber dry weight per clump, tuber wet weight per plot, tuber dry weight per plot, and weed wet weight. The research results showed that the treatment of spacing significantly affected the number of leaves at 6 & 7 weeks after planting and the number of tubers. The treatment of weeding time significantly affected the number of tubers and weed wet weight per plot. Interaction treatment between spacing and weeding time did not significantly affect all observed parameters. The best result obtained was at a spacing of 20 cm x 15 cm or weeding time up to 84 days after planting, then weeds are left until harvest.

Budi daya Terapung Tanaman Sawi Hijau dengan Perbedaan Dosis Pupuk NPK, Ukuran Polibag, dan Waktu Pemupukan

Cultivation of mustards green on floating raft is one of alternative cultivations which is applied by traditional farmers during flooding period in Riparian Wetland. The cultivation will increase Cropping Index and farmer’s income. The objective of this research is to evaluate growth and yield of mustards green on floating cultivation with the application of different NPK doses, polybag sizes, and fertilization times to find cultivation of mustards green which effective and efficient. This research was conducted on October 2016–February 2017 in Jakabaring Facility (104°46’44” E; 3°01’35” S) and Kimia Hasil Pertanian (LKHP) Laboratory, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang. This research consisted of two steps. The first experiment used a completely randomized design with four doses of NPK (16:16:16) namely 0 (control), 5, 10, and 15 g plant-1. The second experiment used a Split Plot Design consisted of two factors namely polybag size (A1 and A2) and fertilization time (F1, F2, and F3). The result of the first experiment showed that utilization three doses of NPK significantly increased shoot length, number of leaves, and fresh weight compared control. The second experiment showed that polybag size and fertilization time did not significantly affect growth and yield parameters. Utilization of 5 g plant-1 of NPK on 1 week after transplanting (WAT) which used polybag size of 30 x 30 cm on growing media consisted of soil, manure, and rice husk (1:1:1/v:v:v) produced an effective and efficient cultivation of mustards green.
 
 Keywords: fertilizing, floating cultivation, green mustard, NPK

Domination in the communal space

Space is an integral aspect of individual identity-forming, group and social. Some incidents at the Fakultas Pertanian (FP), one of 15 faculties in Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), show the space used as a tool and where students display the identity of the group. Communal space domination becomes a strategy used as a seniority identity. Junior students choose to step away from the senior space. Domination is a form of asymmetric power relations where the dominated subject has limited space to maneuver the choice of action. This dominant group predisposed to structure themselves as group-based social hierarchies and that the major forms of group oppression, prejudice, and discrimination. University is intended as a place where ideas, people, majors, in contrast to the concept of domination occur in the FP area. But senior domination through space strengthening the relationship between alumni after graduate students. By the qualitative research method, the research is done by supervision, questioning and answering with the student repeatedly. This paper explains how the concept of domination of the space succeeded in strengthening the relationship between groups when junior willingly it happened so that the experience of this event is interpreted as a way to build the next relationship.

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Fosfor dan Kalium Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Talas (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott var. Antiquorum)

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk fosfor dan kalium serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman talas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan 2 dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dari bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2018. Unit-unit penelitian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3x3 dengan 3 ulangan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata terkecil taraf 5% pada hasil uji F yang signifikan. Adapun faktor yang diteliti adalah dosis pupuk fosfor 3 taraf yaitu 100, 200 dan 300 kg SP36 ha-1 dan dosis kalium 3 taraf yaitu 200, 300, dan 400 kg KCl ha-1. Dosis fosfor berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah daun tanaman talas umur 2 dan 10 MST serta bobot umbi basah dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 2 MST, bobot berangkasan basah, dan jumlah umbi tanaman talas. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman talas terbaik dijumpai pada dosis pupuk fosfor 200 kg ha-1. Dosis kalium berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah daun tanaman umur 2 MST dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot berangkasan basah tanaman talas. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman talas terbaik dijumpai pada dosis kalium 300 kg ha-1. Terdapat interaksi yang tidak nyata antara perlakuan dosis fosfor dan dosis kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman talas.The Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Doseson the Growth and Yield of Taro Plants (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott var. Antiquorum)Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dosing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well as their interactions with the growth and yield of taro plants. This research was carried out in Experimental Garden 2 and Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University, Banda Aceh from February to August 2018. The research units were compiled based on Randomized Block Design 3x3 factorial pattern with 3 replications and continued with Real Difference test Honest level of 5% on significant F test results. The factors studied were the dosage of phosphorus fertilizer with 3 levels, namely 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 and potassium doses with 3 levels namely 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1. The dosage of phosphorus had a very significant effect on the number of leaves of taro plants aged 2 and 10 MST and the weight of wet tubers and significantly affected plant age 2 MST, wet weighted weight, and the number of taro tubers. The growth and yield of taro plants are best found at a dose of 200 kg ha-1 phosphorus fertilizer. The dosage of potassium fertilizer had a very significant effect on the number of plant leaves aged 2 MST and had a significant effect on the wet weight of taro plants. Growth and yield of taro plants are best found at potassium doses of 300 kg ha-1. There were no significant interactions between the treatment of phosphorus doses and potassium doses on the growth and yield of taro plants. Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dosing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well as their interactions with the growth and yield of taro plants. This research was carried out in Experimental Garden 2 and Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University, Banda Aceh from February to August 2018. The research units were compiled based on Randomized Block Design 3x3 factorial pattern with 3 replications and continued with Real Difference test Honest level of 5% on significant F test results. The factors studied were the dosage of phosphorus fertilizer with 3 levels, namely 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 and potassium doses with 3 levels namely 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1. The dosage of phosphorus had a very significant effect on the number of leaves of taro plants aged 2 and 10 MST and the weight of wet tubers and significantly affected plant age 2 MST, wet weighted weight, and the number of taro tubers. The growth and yield of taro plants are best found at a dose of 200 kg ha-1 phosphorus fertilizer. The dosage of potassium fertilizer had a very significant effect on the number of plant leaves aged 2 MST and had a significant effect on the wet weight of taro plants. Growth and yield of taro plants are best found at potassium doses of 300 kg ha-1. There were no significant interactions between the treatment of phosphorus doses and potassium doses on the growth and yield of taro plants.

Aplikasi Bakteri Penambat N (BPN) dan Pupuk Kotoran Sapi (PKS) pada Fitoremediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Bumi


 
 
 Biostimulants plays an important role in the phytoremediation process of soil contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds. This experiment aims to determine the best treatment between N-fixing bacteria (BNF) and cow manure (CM) that can improve oil-polluted soil. The experiment was conducted in January-April 2019 at Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, used a randomized block design method with four combinations (without BNF + without CM, Azotobacter sp. + without CM, without BNF + CM dose of 100% and Azotobacter sp. 4% + CM dose of 100%). The results showed there was not significant with control, except combination of without BNF + CM dose of 100% treatment could increase the population of Azotobacter sp. of 4.8 x 108 CFU/g, while Azotobacter sp. + without CM can increase the degradation of hydrocarbons and dry weight of ramie plants 0.1047 ppm/day and 40.433 g.
 
 

PENAMBAHAN SARI BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi) PADA PAKAN UNTUK MENGOBATI IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG (Clarias sp.) YANG DIINFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila

ABSTRACT Motile Aerhomonas Septicemia (MAS) is one of bacteria diseases which is often attack freshwater fish. Motile Aerhomonas Septicemia (MAS) or hemmorage septicemia caused by bacteria A. hydrophila. The aim of this reserch examine Averrhoa bilimbi juice mixed on feed in order to effect sangkuriang catfish by A. hydrophila. The research was conducted at September until October 2016 in Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya and Laboraturium UPT Klinik Universitas Sriwijaya. Method of the research uses Completely Ranomized Design with six treatments and three replications. This research was conducted for 25 days of rearing. The catfish given feed mixed A. b ilimbi juice about 150 mL.kg-1 (P1), 200 mL.kg-1 (P2), 250 mL.kg-1 (P3) dan 300 mL.kg-1 (P4) with frequency was three times a day. The parameters of this reserch is wound diameter, the percentage of cured fish, hematocrit, growth, food convertion ratio, survival rate, and chemical properties (temperature, pH, DO and ammonia). The results showed that the addition of A. bilimbi juice at P1 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 64.47% and survival rate was 71.11%. P2 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 68.89% and survival rate was 73.33%. P3 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 72.53% and survival rate was 80.00%. P4 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 95.40% and survival rate was 95.56%. P4 with dose 300 mL.kg-1 feed is the best treatment bacterial A. hydrophila infection of hematocrit was 32%, the percentage of cured fish was 95.40%, and survival rate was 95.56%. Water quality parameters during maintenance is still in a state of optimum range. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Sangkuriang catfish, Averrhoa bilimbi juice.

PENGGUNAAN KAPUR DOLOMIT [CAMG(CO3)2] PADA DASAR KOLAM TANAH SULFAT MASAM TERHADAP PERBAIKAN KUALITAS AIR PADA PEMELIHARAAN BENIH IKAN PATIN (Pangasius sp.)

ABSTRACTAcidic waters was common problem in aquaculture in acidic soil area. Poor water quality in the acid sulfate soil pond has potential to decrease fish survival rate dan fish growth. Liming pond is one of method to neutralize (buffer) acid in fish pond. The aim of the research is to determine the best dosage of dolomite lime [CaMg(CO3)2] in acid sulfate soil pond to water quality, survival rate and growth of catfish. The research conducted on September-October 2016 in Laboratorium Kolam Percobaan, Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya. The research based on completely random design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were different dosage of dolomite lime that are 6 (P1), 9 (P2), 12 (P3), and 15 (P4) ton/ha equivalent CaCO3. The research parameter were water quality, survival rate, and growth. The result showed that dosage 12 ton/ha was the best treatment that has highest survival rate 96.6 %, absolute growth of length 3.5 cm, weight 7.91g and feed efficiency 106,77%. Keywords: liming, dolomite, acid sulfate soil, seedling catfish

Retracted: Analysis of production affecting factors milkfish (Chanos chanos) in Muna Regency

Following a rigorous, carefully concerns and considered review of the article published in Akuatikisle: Jurnal Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil to article entitled “Analysis of production affecting factors milkfish (Chanos chanos) in Muna Regency” Vol 2, No 2, pp. 49-51, November 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.2.2.49-51. The article contained redundant material, the editor investigated and found that the paper double published in Buletin Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Haluoleo, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 75-78, November 2019. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/bpsosek.v21i2.7751. The document and its content has been removed from Akuatikisle: Jurnal Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil and reasonable effort should be made to remove all references to this article

Pengaruh Model Tumpangsari dan Pengaturan Jarak Tanam Kacang Nasi (Vigna angularis L.) Kultivar Lokal terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

Tanaman jagung dan kacang nasi adalah dua jenis tanaman yang cocok diterapkan pada pola tumpangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung dalam pola tanam tumpangsari; 2) model tumpangsari terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung; dan 3) pengaturan jarak tanam yang baik dalam pola tanam tumpangsari jagung dan kacang nasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor, pada bulan Desember 2016 sampai Maret 2017, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama adalah model tumpangsari yang terdiri dari tiga aras yaitu tumpangsari standar nasional (sistem sela), tumpangsari salome (model timor) dan gabungan. Faktor kedua adalah pengaturan Jarak tanam yang terdiri dari dua aras yaitu single row dan doble row. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara model tumpangsari dan pengaturan jarak tanam terhadap parameter pengamatan berat kering biji per petak, berat kering biji per hektar. Tanaman jagung yang ditumpangsarikan dengan kacang nasi pada perlakuan model tumpangsari salome dengan pengaturan jarak tanam doble row menghasilkan berat kering biji per petak paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 269,31 g dan 0,89 t/ha.

Noblesse Oblige! Membangun Semangat Zaman, Menuju Kebangkitan Ekonomi Negeri: Konteks Indonesia

ABSTRACT : In this early of 21st century, Indonesians are currently facing weighty challenges. The social contract between the citizens and the government that was made during the establishment of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is now under a threat such as bleak economy caused by poverty and social problems. There is no other way to escape from the threat but to forestall by implementing integrated economic development plans nationally. The implementation of the economic plans aforementioned would not possibly be detached of the roles of human beings as human capital and man of culture that are involved directly in the process of developing and re-building the Indonesia nation. In relation to this matter, this paper discusses one part of the cultural dimension, i.e. ethos or characters possessed by a group of people and used as their foundation to work. In “re-building” the country, Indonesians are in need of a group of agents of development who can revive the new and better soul of age (zeitgeist) in this Reform era. The zeitgeist can only appear if those agents are familiar with ethos upheld by the former ones, that is Noblesse Oblige, which means that inside the specialty, power and authority are inherent with responsibility to the people. Therefore, the agents are the people who have important roles and positions in re-building the economy of Indonesia in pursue of the realization of the nation-state aspiration to become a truly developed, harmonious, and free nation. Key word: economic crisis, to re-build the social contract among the citizens, positions and roles of the statesmen, and aspirations of Indonesian people in economy and politics. About the Author: Dr. Ir. Burhanuddin Abdullah, M.A. adalah Gubernur BI (Bank Indonesia) di Jakarta periode 2003-2008; dan anggota MWA (Majelis Wali Amanah) UPI di Bandung. Lahir di Garut, Jawa Barat, pada tahun 1947. Menyelesaikan pendidikan Sarjana (Ir.) di Fakultas Pertanian UNPAD (Universitas Padjadjaran) Bandung tahun 1974; Master of Arts (M.A.) di bidang ekonomi dari Michigan State University, Amerika Serikat, tahun 1984; dan Doktor ( Honoris Causa ) di bidang ekonomi dari UNDIP (Universitas Diponegoro) Semarang, Jawa Tengah, tahun 2006, dan UNPAD Bandung, tahun 2007. Menulis buku, di antaranya adalah Menanti Kemakmuran Negeri: Kumpulan Esai tentang Pembangunan Sosial Ekonomi Indonesia (Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2006). Untuk keperluan akademik, beliau dapat dihubungi dengan alamat kantor: Gubernur Bank Indonesia, Gedung Sjafruddin Prawiranegara Lt.3 Bank Indonesia, Jalan M.H. Thamrin No.2 Jakarta 10350. E-mail: aspensi@yahoo.com How to cite this article? Abdullah, Burhanuddin. (2008). “ Noblesse Oblige! Membangun Semangat Zaman, Menuju Kebangkitan Ekonomi Negeri: Konteks Indonesia” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan , Vol.1, No.1 [Mei]. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press, UPI Bandung, and UMS Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, ISSN 1979-0112, pp.69-78. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 19, 2008); Revised (April 5, 2008); and Published (May 20, 2008).

PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN, KOMPETISI, DAN TOLERANSI DARITIGA KLON UBIJALAR PADA SISTEM TUMPANG SARI DENGAN JAGUNG

ABSTRACT Paulus, J.M. 2005. Land Productivity, Competition, and Tolerance of Three Sweet Potato Clones Planted as Intercroping with Maize. Eugenia 11 (1): 1-7. A field experiment was conducted in Cikeumeuh Experimental Garden of Food Crop Biotechnology Research Station (BAUTBIO) Bogor to study Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Competition Ratio (CR), and Stress Tolerance (TOL) of sweet potato and maize. The highest tuber yiled of sweet potato was 16,83 ton ha-[1] gained by CIP-2 at 100 cm planting distance of maize and the highest maize yiled was 4,50 ton ha-1 Cangkuang in intercropping with Cangkung clone. The LER, CR, and TOL, CIP-2 and SQ were suitable for intercrops at all planting distance but Cangkuang was not suitable for intercrops with maize. Keywords: Ipomoea batatas, clon, intercroping [1] Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian UNSRAT Manado, 95115

KARAKTERISASI FISIKOKIMIA NANOKALSIUM HASIL EKSTRAKSI TULANG IKAN NILA MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN BASA DAN ASAM

KARAKTERISASI FISIKOKIMIA NANOKALSIUM HASIL EKSTRAKSI TULANG IKAN NILA MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN BASA DAN ASAM[Physicochemical Characterization of Nano Calcium from Tilapia Bone Extracted by Alkaline and Acid Solution]Vanessa Lekahena1)*, Didah Nur Faridah2), Rizal Syarief2) dan R. Peranginangin3) 1) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara, Ternate2) Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor3) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Jakarta Diterima 26 Maret 2013 / Disetujui 29 April 2014 ABSTRACT The utilization of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bones as a source of natural calcium was done by alkaline (NaOH) and acid (HCl) extraction. The extraction process aims to soften the bones are milled using disc mill into nano sized calcium powder or nanocalcium. The objective of this research was to study the physicochemical properties of nanocalcium obtained from alkaline and acid extraction of tilapia bones. The results of physicochemical analysis properties of nanocalcium sample showed that nanocalcium extracted by alkaline solution had better properties than that of the untreated sample and nanocalcium extracted by acid solution. The results was indicated by the higher yield, brighter colors, smaller particle size, and calcium content (20.67%) and phosphorus (10.09%) with a ratio of Ca/P = 2.0. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra profile indicated the presence of phosphate group (PO43-) at the bands of 469, 563, 603, 961 and 1035 cm-1, and the presence of apatite carbonate group (CO32-) was indicated by intense bands at 873, 1416, 1456 and 1563 cm-1. The morphology of the sampel surface of the alkaline extracted sample was smoother, denser, and the grain size formed were relatively larger. The formed crystalline phases were HAp (hydroxyapatite), carbonate apatite type A [Ca10(PO4)6CO3] and B [Ca10(PO4)3(CO3)3(OH)2] with crystalline degree of 78.4%.

Kajian Defoliasi Sorgum Pada Tumpangsari Dengan Kacang Hijau

Study on Defoliation of Sorghum under Cropping Pattern by Mungbean . The aim of the research was to find out the effect of defoliation of sorghum under cropping pattern toward the yield of sorghum, Mungbean and total relative result of the best sorghum and Mungbean in intercropping system has been carried out in Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada in Banguntapan, Bantul Regency from February up to June 2006. The research method used was split plot design with 2 factors and 3 repetitions. The main factor was defoliation of sorghum comprising of 2 levels: sorghum defoliation (D 1 ) and without sorghum defoliation (D 2 ). The sub factor of sub was cropping pattern, comprising of 5 levels: monoculture of Mungbean (H 100 ). 75% sorghum: 25% Mungbean (S 75 H 25 ), 50% sorghum: 50% Mungbean (S 50 H 50 ), 25% sorghum: 75% Mungbean (S 25 H 75 ) and monoculture sorghum (S 100 ). The results of the study showed that 1) the defoliation sorghum did not affect the yield of mungbean and sorghum, 2) cropping pattern of mungbean monoculture resulted bean/plant amount, seed/plant weight and seed weight/ha of mungbean as higher compared to other cropping pattern, 3) cropping pattern of 25% sorghum: 75% mungbean resulted seed weight/malai sorghum was higher compared to other planting patterns and the highest seed weight/ hectare was resulted in sorghum monoculture planting pattern, 4) the highest total relative yield was 1,303 given planting pattern at 50% sorghum: 50% mungbean and 5) the form of the relation between sorghum and mungbean in intercropping pattern and sorghum defoliation was complementary, while intercropping and without sorghum defoliation was supplementary. Keywords: defoliation, intercropping, result of mungbean and sorghum, total relative yield

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Beauveria bassiana Vuill TERHADAP KEMATIAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN LARVA Spodoptera litura Fabricus DI RUMAH KACA

The effects of beauveria bassiana vuill apllication upon the mortality and development of spodoptera litura fabricus larvae in glasshouse. A research has been done in order to know the effects of Beauveria bassiana Vuill application on the Spodoptera litura Fabricus larvae. The research was conducted in glasshouse of Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya, by using completed randomized design with four Beauveria concentration as treatment and six replications. The treatments were 0, 104, 106 an d 108 Beauveria spores per cc of water. Each replication consists of four units of plant sample. The result of the study shows that 108 spores of Beauveria caused 70% larval mortality, the highest among all concentrations. The growth of the larval weight was decreeasing following the increasing of the Beauveria concentration. The changing in the body color and reducing in eating activities were showed by the larvae as the effects of Baeuveria apllication.