Faculty Of Odontology Research Articles

Factors associated with gingival recession prevalence in undergraduate students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Universidad de los Andes in the year 2022.

To determine the prevalence of gingival recessions in students of the faculty of odontology at Universidad de Los Andes and the factor associated with its presence. In this cross-sectional study, a randomized stratified sampling was used to select the students. The sample included 311 undergraduate students evaluated between March and December 2022. The year spectrum was from 17 to 29 years old. Two calibrated examiners intra e interoperator completed a clinical evaluation with a periodontal probe, where the purpose was to diagnose gingival recessions and identify if there were any related factors such as smoking, braces, bruxism, marginal insertion frenulum, fine phenotype, and malposition. The total prevalence was described with each trust interval of 95%. The association between categorical variables was analyzed with the chi-square test, and the t-student test of the Mann-Whitney test analyzed the difference between continuous variables and recession prevalence. 93,56% of the students presented at least one gingival recession. The highest prevalence related to teeth occurred in pieces 1.6, 3.4, 2.6, and 4.1, and the most severe were 3.3, 4.3, and 1.3. The most associated factor related to recessions was orthodontics, with a prevalence of 75,2%. Bruxism showed a positive association with the number of recessions, with a prevalence of 60,7%. Buccal gingival recessions were very prevalent in undergraduate students at the dental school of Universidad de los Andes during 2022, and they were strongly associated with the history of orthodontics.

OralImmunoAnalyser: a software tool for immunohistochemical assessment of oral leukoplakia using image segmentation and classification models.

Oral cancer ranks sixteenth amongst types of cancer by number of deaths. Many oral cancers are developed from potentially malignant disorders such as oral leukoplakia, whose most frequent predictor is the presence of epithelial dysplasia. Immunohistochemical staining using cell proliferation biomarkers such as ki67 is a complementary technique to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of oral leukoplakia. The cell counting of these images was traditionally done manually, which is time-consuming and not very reproducible due to intra- and inter-observer variability. The software presently available is not suitable for this task. This article presents the OralImmunoAnalyser software (registered by the University of Santiago de Compostela-USC), which combines automatic image processing with a friendly graphical user interface that allows investigators to oversee and easily correct the automatically recognized cells before quantification. OralImmunoAnalyser is able to count the number of cells in three staining levels and each epithelial layer. Operating in the daily work of the Odontology Faculty, it registered a sensitivity of 64.4% and specificity of 93% for automatic cell detection, with an accuracy of 79.8% for cell classification. Although expert supervision is needed before quantification, OIA reduces the expert analysis time by 56.5% compared to manual counting, avoiding mistakes because the user can check the cells counted. Hence, the SUS questionnaire reported a mean score of 80.9, which means that the system was perceived from good to excellent. OralImmunoAnalyser is accurate, trustworthy, and easy to use in daily practice in biomedical labs. The software, for Windows and Linux, with the images used in this study, can be downloaded from https://citius.usc.es/transferencia/software/oralimmunoanalyser for research purposes upon acceptance.

EVALUATION OF THE CONDYLAR POSITION IN RELATION TO THE DIFFERENT MALOCCLUSIONS OF A STUDENT POPULATION

Studying the position of the condyle in the glenoid cavity is an important aspect of achieving the diagnosis and the treatment plan in dentistry. The posterior position of the condyle in the glenoid cavity is not a completely reliable predictor of the lack or appearance of disc displacement, although they are related (1). The TMJ is a small joint with a complex morphology surrounded by bony tissues that create a superimposition of images, especially in the petrous region of the temporal bone, the mastoid process and the articular eminence (1). Studies on the ideal position of the condyles have shown that the healthiest condyle-fossa relationship in which the condyle is centered anteriorly in the mandibular fossa. The following research aims to evaluate the condylar position in relation to different malocclusions of thirty-two students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca.The research has a quantitative approach, carried out by means of numerical analysis. The population used was thirty-two students from the Faculty of Odontology in the University of Cuenca, aged between 21 and 29 years, who underwent cone beam computed tomography. The research was carried out as a descriptive retrospective sample and provides systematic information. The research used is of a primary source, using CBCT scans obtained from an image bank at the CERIOM Radiology Centre in the city of Cuenca, and the tomographic examination will be imported in DICOM format into the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software (64-bit).

Macromorphometric Analysis of Metastatic Lesions in Bones due to Breast Cancer: Contribution to Human Identification.

This study aimed to report the metastatic lesions observed in identified skeletons whose deaths were caused by breast cancer complications to provide information and evidence that can be used in cases of human identification forensics. The research was conducted at the Centre for Forensic Anthropology Studies of the Faculty of Odontology of the University of Pernambuco (CEAF/FOP/UPE), Recife, Brazil. The data bank of the CEAF/FOP/UPE was searched for skeletons with the cause of death reported as due to breast cancer, resulting in five cases. The skeletons were arranged in anatomical positions and macroscopically inspected to register, describe and measure the lesions present to establish the macroscopic patterns of bone destruction caused by breast cancer. Of the five skeletons, two presented metastatic lesions. In the first, lesions were observed in a disseminated form, affecting almost all bones. The lesions were predominantly osteolytic and ellipsoid-shaped; however, mixed and circular lesions were also found. The second skeleton presented four lesions of mixed characteristics. The finding of bone lesions in the macroscopic analysis of skeletons may reveal a more advanced stage of the neoplasm, as well as its dissemination in areas little rich in hematopoietic tissue, such as the diaphyses of long bones, a situation widely observed in the first reported case. Besides providing more excellent knowledge of their macroscopic presentation, bone metastatic lesions may act as an individualizing factor in human identification cases, narrowing the sample of possible victims.

Potential analgesic activity of the methanolic F4 fraction of leaf extracts of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae)

Objectives: Pain management is provided by analgesics. While considerable progress has been made in recent years due to better knowledge of the pathophysiology and mechanism of pain, the search for new, more effective analgesics with fewer side effects remains relevant. Previous work carried out at the pharmacology laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology of UCAD (Senegal) had shown an anti-inflammatory activity of the ether extract, as well as that of the methanolic fraction and of ethyl acetate from Annona senegalensis leaves. This study concerns the fractionation of the total methanolic and ethyl acetate fractions by chromatography on a Sephadex column. A phytochemical characterization of the fractions obtained, followed by the study of the analgesic activity of the derivative fractions of the methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts carried out in mice.
 Methods: Sephadex gel fractionation yielded ten fractions. Characterization tests were carried out on the total extracts and the different derivatives fractions.
 Results: Phytochemical characterization of the fractions revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes. The F4 and F'4 fractions, rich in sterols and triterpenes, significantly reduced the number of cramps at low doses (1 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg).
 Conclusion: The presence of sterols and triterpenes in the methanolic F4 fraction of the leaves of Annona senegalensis could be the cause of the analgesic activity of the plant.
 Keywords: Annona senegalensis, phytochemistry, sterols and triterpenes, analgesic.

BECOMING OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY AT POLTAVA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY SINCE ITS FOUNDATION AND ITS MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS

In its becoming, Poltava State Medical University has passed a thorny path from the odontology faculty, created on the basis of the Kharkov Medical Academy in 1921, to the leading specialized institution for training medical and healthcare professionals. In 2021 the university has celebrated its 100th anniversary. In 1950, the Department of Human Anatomy moved to a new location and dedicated to the training of medical professionals, research activities. The scope of scientific research conducted at the department covered issues on the structure of glands of the mucous membranes, lymphoid tissue of the initial section of the digestive system, structural peculiarities of autonomic nervous system. The department put a lot of effort to equip microscopic, histological, histochemical and photo laboratories, to create the museum of the department. Scientists developed and manufactured various devices and techniques for conducting morphological studies, which made it possible to publish numerous methodological recommendations, textbooks, and to conduct research for the candidate and doctor degrees. The anatomical museum, refurbished and modernized in 2005 and known even abroad is the subject of honour not only for the department, but for the University as well. The museum is also a matter of utmost interest to young visitors during the Open Days, students from other universities. The Department of Human Anatomy seeks to capitalize on a number of pedagogical experiences and research achievements to transfer knowledge and know-how to young generation of students and scientists.

Lithuanian dental practitioners’ with less than five years of work experience knowledge about premature loss of deciduous teeth and space maintenance

Gabrielė Jurgelytė1, Austėja Mitalauskienė1, Arūnas Vasiliauskas2 1Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Faculty of Odontology 2Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, faculty of Odontology, Clinic of Orthodontics Abstract Introduction. Premature loss of deciduous teeth is a common complication of dental caries, which can lead to space loss, crowding of teeth. The problem can be prevented by the use of space maintainers. Therefore, dentists must be aware of space maintenance methods. Aim. To analyze Lithuanian dentists’ with less than 5 years of work experience knowledge about premature deciduous teeth loss and space maintenance. Material and methods. An anonymous online survey of 36 closed questions was prepared. The survey was posted on Facebook.com group of Lithuanian dentists. Statistical data analysis was performed using “IBM SPSS” program, version 24.0. In analytical statistics, two-dimensional data analysis of the Chi-square (x2) criterion was applied to compare the distribution of phenomena between groups, when its assumptions are not met, Fisher’s exact criterion (F) was applied. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. 166 Lithuanian dentists participated in the study. A correlation between their amount of knowledge about premature deciduous teeth loss and space maintenance, and the frequency of practical work with children was found. Dentists working with children daily, answered correctly to survey’s questions more often compared to those working with children only a few times per year (p<0.05). 50% of dentists estimated their knowledge to be “satisfactorily”, while 38.6% of the participants evaluated their knowledge as “good”. Few participants (6.6%) evaluated their knowledge as “very good”. The rest of the participants (4.8%) evaluated their knowledge as “poor”. Conclusions. Dental practitioners working with children daily have better knowledge about primary teeth loss and space maintenance than those working with children a few times per year. Most of the dentists have satisfactorily knowledge about deciduous teeth loss and space maintenance methods. Therefore, it is essential to renew and expand their awareness. Keywords: preventive orthodontics, dentists, premature teeth loss, space maintainers. https://doi.org/10.53453/ms.2021.06.21

Linfangioma en maxilar de un recién nacido: Reporte de un caso clínico

Los linfangiomas son neoplasias benignas que ocurren predominantemente en la infancia, son muy infrecuentes, y nacen del sistema linfático. Cuando ocurren en la cavidad oral, la localización más común es el dorso de la lengua, seguido por los labios, la mucosa bucal, el paladar blando y el piso de la boca. La prevalencia es de 1 a 3 /10.000 nacidos vivos, afectando ambos generos por igual, involucran en un 75% la cabeza y el cuello, seguido por el tronco, abdomen y extremidades. En esta publicación presentamos una situación de una paciente de sexo femenino de menos de 24 horas de vida que reside en el Servicio de Neonatología H.I.G.A. Pte. Perón en la que se decidió realizar la exéresis de la patología. El objetivo del tratamiento instaurado fué la remoción del tejido exofítico, con margen de seguridad del mismo debido al pequeño tamaño y su base pediculada. Dicho material fué remitido a la Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y su diagnóstico histopatológicos, morfológico e inmunohistoquímicos comprobaron la compatibilidad de linfangioma. A los 18 meses de seguimiento post operatorio la paciente no muestra signos evidentes de recidiva o asociados a la patología diagnosticada.

Is C Reactive Protein a Risk Indicator for Periodontal Disease?

Periodontitis is an inflammatory multifactorial chronic disease, caused by microorganisms that destroys periodontal tissues. In the last years, several studies have described an association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This relationship has been made since both diseases share the same risk factors and they both increase C reactive proteins levels. C-reactive protein (C-RP) is a well-known inflammatory marker. This study was designed to try to stablish the relationship between C-RP levels and periodontitis in a group of patients that need periodontal treatment at Odontology Faculty in Universidad de Costa Rica. Periodontal examinations were done to 30 patients and blood samples were taken. The mean value of C-RP found was 3.72mg/L (IC95%: 2.06-5.38) which represents a medium-high risk level. 54% of the patients had generalized chronic periodontitis, without statistical difference when compared gender (p=0.416) or age (p=0.477). 43% had chronic localized periodontitis and 3% gingivitis. Females showed a higher risk for cardiovascular disease (p=0.640). No statistical differences were found between C-RP values relating gender, age or other comorbilities, even though mean values were always higher in those suffering metabolic diseases (5.5mg/L) compared to those values from patients not suffering the same diseases (2.7mg/L).

Diversidades socioeconômico-culturais e a saúde bucal: representações do processo saúde-doença de usuários das clínicas da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil socioeconômico-cultural, as representações do processo saúde-doença e as expectativas e satisfação dos usuários das clínicas da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará (FO-UFPA) quanto ao atendimento ofertado.&#x0D; Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 170 usuários que procuravam/aguardavam atendimento na FO-UFPA nos meses de abril e maio de 2019. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas, aplicados por uma única pesquisadora. Os dados coletados foram analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. As respostas às questões abertas foram transformadas em categorias para serem analisadas de forma descritiva e por meio da associação de variáveis utilizando o teste de Contigência C, no programa BioEstat 5.5 com nível de significância α = 0,05.&#x0D; Resultados: Quanto ao perfil dos usuários constatou-se que a maioria é do sexo feminino (70,6%), de 36 a 59 anos (55,9%), heterossexual (96,5%), pardo (70,6%), evangélico (47,0%), com renda de até 2 salários mínimos (48,8%) e com ensino médio completo (40,6%). Constatou-se que a escolaridade tem associação com as representações do processo saúde-doença, assim como, a faixa etária está associada às percepções e satisfação com relação ao serviço ofertado nas clínicas de ensino da FO-UFPA. Quanto à satisfação ao atendimento recebido nas clínicas, 48,2% dos entrevistados se declarou satisfeito ou muito satisfeito (45,3%).&#x0D; Conclusão: As clínicas da FO-UFPA são procuradas por diferentes grupos socioeconômico-culturais, com representações e definições limitadas do processo saúde-doença. Há expectativas positivas e satisfação com o atendimento recebido.&#x0D; Descritores: Determinantes sociais da saúde. Processo saúde-doença. Diversidade cultural. Satisfação do paciente. Promoção da saúde.

Study of Antioxidant Activity of Stalk and Fruit of Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae)

Background : Nowadays with the appearance of diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, free radicals are often singled out. What motivates scientific research in natural antioxidants.&#x0D; Aim/Objective : The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the stalks and the fruit of Solanum melongena L.&#x0D; Study Duration : The period of the study was done on 25th July, 2015 at the Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medecine, Pharmacy and Odontology, University of Dakar, Senegal.&#x0D; Methodology : Antioxidant activity was evaluated through two methods (DPPH and FRAP).&#x0D; Results : For the FRAP test, at the highest concentration (83.3 µg/ml) the aqueous extract of the fruit (0.90±0.08) has a higher reducing power compared to those of ethanol extracts from the fruit (0.77±0.41) and the stalk (0.85±0.004). These results remain inferior to that of tannic acid (0.95± 0.0005). The DPPH test reveals that the ethanolic extract of the fruit is more effective in reducing the free radical DPPH with an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC 50) equal to 3.37±0.03 μg / ml, followed by the ethanolic extract of the stalks (IC 50 = 4.46±0.24 μg / ml) and finally the aqueous extract of the fruit (IC50 = 9.6±0.026 μg / ml).&#x0D; Conclusion : These results make it possible to confirm the in vitro activity of the parts studied, but in vivo studies are necessary in order to know the acute and chronic toxicities. Finally, perform a bio-guided fractionation to determine the molecules responsible for the antioxidant activity.

Genetic components of human pain sensitivity: a protocol for a genome-wide association study of experimental pain in healthy volunteers

IntroductionPain constitutes a major component of the global burden of diseases. Recent studies suggest a strong genetic contribution to pain susceptibility and severity. Whereas most of the available evidence relies...

Orthodontic-surgical treatment of a class II division 1 patient. Case report

The objective of this case report was to show the correction of a class II division 1 malocclusion in an adult patient. A female patient of 20 years of age attended the Orthodontics Clinic of the Division of Postgraduate Studies and Research of the Odontology Faculty at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Her main reason for consultation was: «When I removed the wisdom teeth I was told that I could have orthognathic surgery but fi rst I needed braces»; this in order to correct the dentofacial disharmony. Upon facial clinical examination, the patient presented a mesofacial biotype with competent lips; vertically she presented an increased lower third. Her profile was convex with deficient chin projection. Intraorally, the patient exhibited upper and lower crowding, molar and canine class II, considerably increased overbite and overjet as well as noncoincident dental midlines. The cephalometric diagnosis showed a skeletal class II due to maxillary protrusion. It was suggested an orthodontic-surgical treatment in three phases: presurgical, surgical and postsurgical. In the presurgical phase the patient was decompensated in order to prepare her for surgery. During the surgical phase, mandibular sagittal osteotomies were performed to advance the mandible in combination with an advancement genioplasty. During the post-surgical phase, ideal occlusal relationships were achieved in terms of canine classes, overbite, overjet, dental midlines and fi nal detailing of the case. Through the treatment, the occlusion and facial harmony of the patient were improved.

Caries y otras condiciones de la boca de niñas escolares de diferente nivel económico y social

1. Con el fin de obtener bases concretas para una efectiva educación den­tal en los niños costarricenses, el Departamento de Odontología Infan­til y Preventiva de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica, ha iniciado un estudio estadístico sobre caries y otras condiciones de la boca, en Las niñas escolares de San José. 2. Este trabajo comprende la primera parte de la investigación, o sea el de la parte femenina, en el cual se ha hecho un estudio comparativo entre dos grupos de niñas escolares de diferente nivel económico y social, las cuales se denominaron grupo A y grupo B, con un total de 349 mues­tras. 3. El estudio efectuado por medio de interrogaciones y exámenes clínicos abarcó los siguientes aspectos: I. Condiciones generales: A. Estado de la boca. B. Consumo de azúcar. C. Frecuencia de las visitas al dentista. D. Higiene de la boca. II. Condiciones de los dientes: A. Dentición permanente: a. por pieza y por superficies. b. Número de caries. c. Número de obturaciones. d. Indice de saI.ud dental. e. Indice de mortalidad dentaria. f. Relación entre caries oclusales, proximales y de otros tipos. g. Índice de afección del primer molar. B. Dentición temporal: a. coe por pieza y por superficies. b. Número de caries. c. Número de obturaciones. d. Relación entre caries oclusales, proximales y de otros tipos. e. Mortalidad dentaria. 4. Los resultados se han clasificado en siete cuadros y en diez gráficas, y de muestran una superioridad de condiciones en todo sentido en las niñas del grupo B.

Long Term Dental Work Force Build-Up and DMFT-12 Improvement in the European Region.

As Mikiko Hayashi noticed in an amazingly poetic way, dentistry remains in majority of national health systems across the globe: “the Cinderella of health care.” Regardless of undisputed progress of scientific knowledge there is a growing gap in service utilization patterns among the world's rich and poor citizens. The first tend to consume much of a rather cosmetic expensive treatments without essential health added value. At the same time almost three billion of people belonging to the low income households, lack access to basic dental services or do not pay a visit to a dentist for years (Hayashi et al., 2014). Although the issue of affordability is high at stakes in these countries, uneven distribution between rural and urban areas adds to the challenge. Prime example is definitely India whose giant population was served by 117,825 registered dentists out of whom almost 90,000 were concentrated in only four out of thirty Indian federal states (Vundavalli, 2014). Another case is Australia with its huge geographic area and recently reported ratio of almost 40,000% differential between dentist density in the suburbs of core coastline cities and desert Aboriginal communities (Tennant et al., 2013). Due to international efforts addressing global oral health deficiencies national capacities worldwide have increased sharply over past few decades (Petersen, 2003). Important part of this capacity build-up was grounds laid down by establishment of “WHO Oral Health Country/Area Profile Programme” (or “CAPP”) by the World Health Organization (WHO) back in 1990s. Its cause was the fact that evidence based policy needed reliable and internationally comparable field data. The two main WHO Collaborating Centers whom we own existence and maintenance of these public registries are the Niigata University, Japan and Faculty of Odontology, Malmo, Sweden. The first is in charge of Periodontal Country Profiles and the latter pursues the uneasy task of providing broader Country Oral Health Profiles. Nevertheless other comprehensive sources of evidence on oral health status across regions and nations developed independently. FDI World Dental Federation provides access to the its own Data Hub which consists of fusioned national data sources originating from WHO and World Bank (WB) and Globocan official registries. The European Health for All database (HFA-DB) created and updated by the WHO Office for the European Region and refers to a total of 53 countries located in the European continent. Some of the aforementioned investments allowed for revelation of hidden long term national patterns in oral health care and identification of core weaknesses that might serve as appropriate policy targets in future. So far there is scarcity of published evidence comparing efficiency of all European countries in dental workforce build-up and its relationship to the dental health status of school children in a several decades long time horizon.

Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction and pain syndrome and associated factors in dental students

Background: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and pain syndrome (TMJD) has been identified as one of the principle causes of non-dental pain in the orofacial region. Objective: To describe the prevalence of TMJD and associated factors in the students of the faculty of odontology of the University Cooperativa de Colombia (UCC), Envigado campus. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. 98 randomly selected students were evaluated. A survey, clinical examination, Helkimo index, emotional distress and anxiety test was performed. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed (Chi2, p&lt;0,05). Results: 66% were women. The average age was 21 years (SD±3). 26,5% had dental clenching habit, 26,5% and 18,4% onicofagia bruxism. 31,6% reported joint click, 30,6% headache or neck pain, 18,4% pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 12,2% mandibular stiffness. Clinically, 44,5% presented unilateral chewing. 62,2% showed deviation on opening and 81,6% on closing. 42,9% had anxiety disorder and to a lesser extent panic disorder. 74,7% had mild TMJD. No difference was found with statistical significance between the prevalence of sex TMJD. (Chi2, p=0,255) or any association with anxiety disorders (Chi2, p=0,060), and distress. Conclusions: Mild TMJD was most frequent among the student population. Clenching habits, nail biting and unilateral chewing were identified. No difference was found by gender or any association with anxiety disorder or anxiety. Particularly striking is the high prevalence of unilateral chewing and anxiety disorder, which are important to study.

Questionable effect of lavage for treatment of painful jaw movements at disc displacement without reduction: a 3-year randomised controlled follow-up.

The present randomised controlled study compared the 3-year outcome of local anaesthetics with anaesthetics and lavage in patients suffering from painful temporomandibular joint (TMJ) locking. The study included 45 patients referred for treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) to the Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden. All patients received a history questionnaire and clinical examination according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD, panoramic radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging at baseline. Twenty-five patients were randomised to anaesthetics alone and 20 patients to anaesthetics and lavage. Three years after treatment, we sent the 37 patients who were available for follow-up a questionnaire that evaluated pain intensity, physical and emotional functioning, and global improvement. Thirty-four patients responded. The primary outcome was defined as ≥ 30% pain relief. In an intention-to-treat analysis, 28 of 45 patients (62%) reported ≥ 30% pain relief at the follow-up. At 3 years, improvement in pain relief, physical functioning, emotional functioning and global improvement differed non-significantly between local anaesthetics and anaesthetics and lavage. Compared with baseline, significant improvements (P < 0.05) in pain intensity, physical functioning, emotional functioning and global changes had occurred in both groups after 3 years. Because outcome measurements in the local anaesthetics and lavage and the local anaesthetics groups differed non-significantly 3 years after treatment of painful TMJ disc displacement without reduction, use of lavage (50 mL saline) has an equivalent effect as local anaesthetics.

Efecto del aumento de la dimensión vertical oclusal en la posición natural de cabeza en pacientes portadores de prótesis removible

ObjectiveTo determine the variation in the natural head positionon increasing the Occlusal Vertical Dimension (OVD) in patients who use removable dentures. Patients and methodsAn analytical, quasi-experimental study was conducted on 56 elderly patients volunteers, carriers of removal full and partial (only with group V remaining) dentures seen in the Odontology Faculty of the University of Chile in 2011. An analysis was made of the head position in a sagittal direction to change the OVD, gradually increasing the occlusal height by 5, 10 and 15 millimeters, using standardized profile photographs of the natural head position. Hypothesis: The increase in the OVD is associated with a posterior rotation of the head. ResultsAll the volunteers showed a change in the natural head position, posteriorly rotated to change the OVD. The ANOVA test showed that this change was not statistically different. There was a positive association between a gradual change in OVD and the degree of head rotation. The Pearson test showed a statistical association. ConclusionIt could be concluded from the results that, the greater the increase in occlusal height, the greater is the posterior rotation of the head. The findings of this study support the concept that there is an anatomical integration between the different elements that make up the cranio-cervico-mandibular unit, acting together against the variation of one of its components.

DETERMINACIÓN DEL DOSAJE DE TROMBOSPONDINA (TSP) EN PLASMA Y SALIVA EN PACIENTES CON HIV/SIDA CON ALTERACIONES ENDOBUCAL

La presente investigación comprendió 65 muestras desdoblados en 15 alumnos la Facultad de Odontología, aparentemente sanos de 20 a 26 años de edad, 50 pacientes infectados con HIV/SIDA; de ellos: 10 de Al a A3 y 17 de B1 a B3 y 23 de Cl a C3 (sistema clasificación CDC 1993). El dosaje trombospondina (TSP1) en plasma que 0.25 a 4 ug/ml. yen saliva 4 a 5ug/ml del grupo control.- trombospondina (TSPl) yen saliva de pacientes con HIV/SIDA, 10 A 35 ug/ml. El pH de la saliva 6.50 A 6.70 en el grupo control en la muestra de pacientes con HIV/SIDA 6.8 A 7.0. La candidiasis evoluciona progresivamente predominando la pseudo membranosa, cambios en el flujo salival y presencia de proceso periodontal (gingivitis). Como constante la emigración del proceso carioso se deteriora progresivamente como consecuencia de la disminución de la respuesta inmune agravándose el cuadro clínico. (patología bucal). Periodo de evolución de las infecciones oportunistas con la patología bucal su relación es directamente proporcional. (TSP1) en saliva y Plasma, -HIV/SIDA - pH Salival.

Actitudes de los estudiantes y bachilleres acerca de la tesis como modalidad para optar el título de cirujano dentista en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las actitudes de los estudiantes y bachilleres acerca de la tesis como modalidad para optar el título de Cirujano Dentista en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el mayor porcentaje (58.4%) de los bachilleres muestran indiferencia en la actitud hacia la tesis existe un 21.6% de aceptación que sumado dan un 80% en comparacion, con solo un 2% que muestran una actitud de rechazo. Aun cuando existen factores limitantes para realizar los trabajos de tesis los bachilleres opinan que es satisfactorio el poder realizar trabajo de tesis para optar el título profesional El mayor porcentaje (57.65%) de los estudiantes muestran indiferencia en la actitud hacia la tesis, existe un 10.59 % de accptación que sumado dan un 68.24% en comparación con solo un 31 % que muestran una actitud de rechazo. Los factores que límitan la elaboración de tesis de parte de los estudiantes son administrativos, económicos y no los factores académicos, lo que constituye una fortaleza para mejorar las actitudes hacia la realización de la tesis como modalidad para optar el título profesional.