Faculty Of Agriculture Research Articles

Pengaruh Pemberian Nutrisi Daun dan Jenis Pupuk terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annum L.)

The research was carried out in an experimental garden at the Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinagor District, Sumedang Regency. The altitude of the place is 700 meters above sea level. This research was conducted from May to August 2022. The purpose of this study is to determine the interaction of foliar nutrition and fertilizer type on the growth and yield of large red chili plants (Capsicum annum L). The environmental design of this research is a Split Plot Design which consists of two treatments and is repeated four times. The main plot is the administration of a foliar nutrient solution (F) consisting of two levels: f0 (without administration) and f1 (one-time 10-day administration). The plot is a type of fertilizer (P) consisting of three levels: p1 cow manure 4 t ha-1 p2, Soil Conditioner Growth Booster (SCGB) 6 kg ha-1 and p3 ameliorant plus 4 t ha-1. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance with Duncan's double-spacing advanced test at a rate of 5%. The results showed that there was an interaction with growth (Plant height 1 Week After Planting (WAP), 2 WAP, 3 WAP, Number of leaves 3 WAP, stem diameter 2 WAP, 3 WAP, 4 WAP, 5 WAP) and yield (Weight per fruit). The best results were shown in foliar nutrition and SCGB administration against plant height growth of 2 WAP, 3 WAP, leaf count of 3 WAP and stem diameter of 3 WAP as well as foliar nutrition and ameliorant plus feeding of 5 WAP stem diameter. Types of ameliorant plus fertilizers that were not fed foliar nutrition show the best results against plant height growth of 1 WAP stem diameter of 2 WAP, 4 WAP and weight yield per fruit.

Pengaruh Campuraan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Menghasilkan

Intercropped farming utilizez used open spaces as an alternative to making empty land more productive. In certain periods, oil palm plantations have open spaces that can be used for planting intercropped plants. The problem is, in general, that oil palm plantations are planted on marginal land, such as inceptisol that is weak in phosphate, so if they are planted with palm oil, it is necessary to provide fertilizer with the main macro element content for palms to grow optimally, such as phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). Efforts can be made to meet the P and N requirements by applying combinations of microorganisms such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB). The study aims to find out the effect of various dosages of PSB and NFB combinations on the growth and yield of corn crops, as well as the effect of corn crops on the growth and physiology of palm oil crops. The experiment was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, January to April 2024. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments repeated four times. The treatments included the application of a combination of Pseudomonas sp. and Azotobacter sp., which included: 10 kg/ha of PSB and NFB per plant, 20 kg/ha of PSB and NFB per plant, 30 kg/ha of PSB and NFB per plant, 40 kg/ha of PSB and NFB per plant, and 50 kg/ha of PSB and NFB per plant. Experimental results showed that the PSB and NFB mixture increased crop height 5.28%, stem diameter 3.19%, cob length 9.2%, cob diameter 9.8%, dried weight by 100 seeds 14.5%, and dried weight by corn plant 33.46%. The 40 kg/ha and 50 kg/ha dose of PSB and NFB per plant is the most efficient dose for the growth and of palm oil crops producing 2.

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Microgreens Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) pada Berbagai Jarak Tanam

The diminishing amount of land available for agriculture and the growing demand for nutritious food have made it necessary to find alternative sources of fresh vegetables. Urban farming, especially the cultivation of microgreens, can help meet this demand. Microgreens offer several advantages, such as time and cost savings, and they require minimal space while growing quickly. However, the optimal spacing for different types of microgreens is not extensively documented, as research on microgreens is still limited in Indonesia. The Brassicaceae family is one of the most commonly cultivated families for microgreens. This study was carried out at Room A, Faculty of Agriculture, Singaperbangsa Karawang University, Campus 2. The experimental method used was a factorial randomized block design (RBD Factorials) with two treatments for varieties and three for spacing, repeated five times, resulting in 30 experimental units. Factor I, Varieties, consisted of v1 (Tosakan) and v2 (Shinta). Factor II, Spacing, consisted of j1 (1 cm x 1 cm), j2 (1 cm x 2 cm), and j3 (2 cm x 2 cm). The data were analyzed using an analysis of variance (Uji F) at a 5% level. If the results of the analysis of variance were significantly different, the study continued with a multiple range test (DMRT) at a 5% level to determine the best-performing treatment. There was an interaction between the treatments for microgreen varieties and spacing on parameters such as plant density, dry weight of the plant, and fresh weight. There was a significant effect of the variety on the parameter of chlorophyll content, and a significant effect of spacing on the parameters of plant growth rate and the age of leaf appearance. Additional types of plants are needed to determine significant differences related to spacing and their interactions.

Effect of Optimization Use of Nutrient on Yield and Productivity of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of optimization use of nutrient on yield and productivity of mung bean, variety “SML-832‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum yield attributes such as number of pods per plant (13.35), number of seed per pod (8.52), grain yield (1170.55 kg/ha), stover yield (3260.47 kg/ha) and maximum net return (67329.45 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (2.28) was recorded with T8-100% RDF (Refuse-Derived Fuel) + Vermicompost @ 1.0 t ha-1 + Rhizobium. The minimum yield and profitability obtained with control treatment. Therefore, conclude be application of 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.0 t ha-1 + Rhizobium are indigenous sources of nutrient to enhance yield and productivity of mung bean.

Effect of Different Zn Concentrations on Crop Growth and Root Nodulation in Yard-Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata L.)

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of Zinc (Zn) as a micronutrient on growth and nodulation in Vigna unguiculata L. The experiment was carried out as a pot experiment in the Crop Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Palachcholai, Eastern University, Sri Lanka from August to November 2023. The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments are T1 (Control), T2 (50 mg ZnSO4/kg soil), T3 (100 mg ZnSO4/kg soil), T4 (150 mg ZnSO4/kg soil), T5 (200 mg ZnSO4/kg soil) & T6 (250 mg ZnSO4/kg soil). The experiment used source of Zinc in the form of Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4,5H2O) which yard-long bean plants can grow. The experiment results showed that, T2 treatment, the soil treated with 50 mg ZnSO4/kg soil significantly increase the Plant height, Chlorophyll content, Leaf area, Fresh weight of shoot & root, Dry weight of shoot & root, Number of nodules, Effective nodule percentage, as well as Soil respiration compared to the other treatments. However, beyond the level of 200 mg ZnSO4/kg soil, reduces the growth & nodulation of Vigna unguiculata L. and this shows that the level 200 mg ZnSO4/kg soil and beyond that level were the toxic level to the Vigna unguiculata L. Accordingly, the treatment T2 (50 mg ZnSO4/kg soil) was at the micronutrient level of Zn concentration which involved in many key cellular functions and show the best positive effect on growth and nodulation in Vigna unguiculata L. The results clearly indicate that, Zn can be use as a micronutrient up to a trace level in inducing plant growth and nodulation. However, at higher levels of Zn may act as heavy metal and cause phyto-toxicity in plants.

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Tanaman Microgreens Famili Brassica terhadap Jenis Media Tanam

This research aims to determine the growth of Brassica plant species under various planting media. The study was conducted in a room at Building A, Faculty of Agriculture, Campus 2, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, in Margasari Village, East Karawang District, Karawang Regency, West Java. The experiment took place from April to May 2024. The research method employed a Randomized Block Design with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor is the Brassica family (t), divided into three levels, while the second factor is the planting media (m), also divided into three levels. There were a total of nine treatments, each repeated three times, resulting in 27 experimental units. Each unit contained seven plant samples. The effects of treatments were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the F-test at the 5% significance level was significant, a post hoc Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was conducted. The experimental results showed an interaction between Brassica family and planting media on growth parameters, including plant height growth rate, leaf emergence age, fresh weight, and dry weight. Cabbage plants grown in soil yielded the best results in terms of fresh weight, while purple cabbage plants grown in cocopeat media performed best in terms of dry weight. Radish plants grown in peatmoss media exhibited the best growth rate, leaf emergence age, fresh weight, and dry weight. Broccoli plants grown in soil showed the best results in terms of leaf emergence age, while broccoli plants in cocopeat media excelled in fresh weight.

Response of Nutrient Spray and Pruning on Growth, Yield and Quality of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Agriculture (Horticulture), Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during summer season of 2023-24 to response of nutrient spray and pruning on growth, yield and quality of bitter gourd variety “Arka Harit ‟ was used in this study. The result revealed that the both levels maximum vine length (192.29 and 187.26 cm), number of branches per plant (8.98 and 8.79), minimum appearance of first female flower (44.43 and 44.75 days) and yield parameter such as maximum number of fruit per plant (17.04 and 16.67), length of fruit (13.14 and 13.09 cm), girth of fruit (4.24 and 4.29 cm), average fruit weight (85.04 and 84.26 g), fruit yield (10.79 and 10.74 t/ha) and quality parameters such as leaf chlorophyll content (1.24 and 1.24 mg/g), TSS (2.67 and 2.65 0Brix), Vitamin C (69.20 and 68.93 mg/100 g) recorded with treatment combination of 3% spray and pruning at 9 nods. Therefore, it was concluded that the application of 3% spray and pruning at 9 nods found superior to all treatment.

Performance Assessment of the Small and Medium-Scale Coconut Weeder Cum Fertilizer Applicator Developed by Rajarata University of Sri Lanka

The enhancement of coconut yield significantly hinges on proper weeding and chemical fertilizer application. In Sri Lanka, several mechanical methods have been introduced for weeding and fertilizer application of coconut, but the traditional manual approach persists most popular, despite being time, labor cost intensive. Moreover, the introduced technologies were suited for large-scale coconut cultivation and could not cope with medium or small-scale. Furthermore, most of them are designed for a single application; weeding or fertilizing. Thus, the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka (RUSL), developed a coconut weeder cum fertilizer applicator for medium and small-scale coconut cultivations. However, it has not been properly evaluated and recommended for farmers. Consequently, this study sought to evaluate the performance of the above machine by conducting a comparative performance evaluation with the conventional method. A healthy, well-maintained, proper-spacing coconut plantation was selected from the faculty research unit, and each weeding and fertilizer application method was replicated ten times. In terms of performance parameters: effective field capacity, field efficiency, and weeding efficiency in mechanical and manual methods were 0.172 ha h-1, 61.86%, 66.62%, and 0.048 ha h-1, 55.34%, 60.35%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicates the mechanical method had higher field capacity and efficiency than the manual method, while weeding efficiency was not significantly different (p≤0.05). In addition, the machine had a fertilizer spreading uniformity of around 99.98% when operating at an optimum speed of 1.45 km h-1. Fertilizer application rate and performance index as a weeder were 1.7 kg/min and 1145.86, respectively. Furthermore, the fuel consumption rate of the machine was 0.733 L h-1 and its break-even point was recorded as 2.85 ha yr-1. Consequently, the coconut weeder cum fertilizer applicator proves suitable for medium and small-scale coconut cultivations in Sri Lanka.

Investigation of the differences in designers' spatial perception in interior spaces using Kokedama

The word kokedama consists of the Japanese words "koke" (moss) and "dama" (ball). Due to its easily accessible materials and easy construction, it has become an application that almost everyone can do, and its use is expected to become widespread. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in the spatial perceptions of designers who have received basic design education in different faculties in the case of interiors that including kokedama. To measure the differences in spatial perception, photographs of 8 different public interiors were processed and a survey was administered to the subjects. The survey results were analyzed statistically. According to the results of the study, the increase in the value of the perceptibility and simplicity criteria also increases the value of other criteria. As the value of perceptibility and simplicity increases in kokedama applications, the perception of complexity decreases. This data explains that the use of kokedama contributes positively to spatial perception. The criteria that have the most effect when they are together are the structure/identity and perceptibility criteria. The highest scorers on the criteria affecting spatial perception were graduates of the faculty of fine arts, while the lowest scorers were graduates of the faculty of agriculture.

Nutrient Management for Enhancing Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Rajasthan, India

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of different nutrient management on growth and yield of mustard variety “NRCHB-506‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum growth parameters such as plant population (19.65 per m2), plant height (134.85 cm), number of branches per plant (11.95), dry matter accumulation (38.65 g), length of siliqua (4.72 cm), days required for maturity (130.45 days), leaf area index (2.48) and yield parameter such as number of siliqua per plant (265.08), number of seed per siliqua (11.95), seed yield (2120.44 kg/ha), straw yield (5125.12 kg/ha), biological yield (7245.56 kg/ha) recorded with treatment T6-100% RDF + Sulphur (40 kg/ha) + Zinc sulphate (25 kg/ha) + Boron (1 kg/ha) + Azotobacter. Therefore, conclude that application 100% RDF + Sulphur (40 kg/ha) + Zinc sulphate (25 kg/ha) + Boron (1 kg/ha) + Azotobacter superior among all treatments.

Socialization of aquaponics techniques for business efficiency at Aling Hydroponic Farm, Sandakan Sabah Malaysia

Aquaponics is the application of integrated agricultural techniques between the cultivation of fish and vegetables that are environmentally friendly with efficient use of inputs and optimizing production. Aling Hydroponics Farm has long applied hydroponic techniques for cultivating vegetables, apart from also cultivating fish using fiber ponds. However, the application of these two techniques has not been integrated so that it is not efficient in using production inputs. This international collaborative community service activity aims to socialize aquaponic techniques to Aling Hidroponik Farm partners as an effort to increase the efficiency of resource use in farming. The method of implementing activities uses visits and discussions at hydroponic cultivation and fish cultivation locations. This activity was attended by lecturers from the Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar and lecturers from the Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, students and the community. The results of the activity showed that the participants were very enthusiastic about taking part in the activity, the participants actively asked questions and expressed opinions regarding the opportunities and obstacles to implementing the aquaponic system from economic and social aspects.

Investigating the Relationship between Awareness and Ecotourism Engagement among Academic staff in the Faculty of Agriculture Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

The study examined awareness of ecotourism among academic staff in the faculty of agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto using semi structured questionnaire to elicit information on socioeconomic factors, awareness, participation in ecotourism, constraints to participation in ecotourism and perception of respondents towards ecotourism. Complete enumeration was used to administer questionnaire to eighty respondents (N=80) belonging to seven departments: Agricultural economics (n=10), Agricultural extension and rural development (n=08), Animal science (n=15), Crop science (n=12), Fisheries and Aquaculture (n=09), Forestry and Environment (n=09) and Soil science (n=16). Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and ordinal regression. Results showed that majority of the respondents are male (96.3%) and married (98.8%). Majority have PhD (78.7%) with 10-20 years lecturing experience. Most of the respondents are aware of ecotourism (90%) and they got the information through academic line (52.2%) but only 36.3% have ever embarked on ecotourism trip. Busy office schedules were the major problems that affect respondents’ participation in ecotourism (55%). A significant relationship exists between age and respondents’ participation in ecotourism activities (χ2 =13.137). Ordinal logistic regression results showed that age (1.315) and educational qualifications (1.671) are significant predictors of respondent’s perception towards ecotourism (R2=0.27). Travels to ecotourism destinations are quite poor among the members of academic staff in the faculty of Agriculture in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, despite their level of education and their stance on biodiversity conservation practices. Academic staffs in tertiary institutions are encouraged to make use of their annual leave to embark on ecotourism trip.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth Parameters of Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.)

The aim of the study is to identify a suitable nutrient management practice for enhancing the growth characteristics viz. plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), number of tillers per plant and number of leaves per plant of citronella. The study was carried out in Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, between 2023-2024. The experiment comprised of 10 treatments each replicated thrice was executed following the principles of Randomized Block Design. They are (T1) 100% RDF (NPK 75:40:40 kg/ha) (Basal Dose N: 25 kg/ha), (T2) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha, (T3) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha + Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha, (T4) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2%, (T5) 75% RDF+ Goat Manure 5 t/ha, (T6) 75% RDF + Goat Manure 5 t/ha+ Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha, (T7) 75% RDF + Goat Manure 5 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2%, (T8) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha, (T9) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha + Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha and (T10) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2 % . The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis. This was done by standard procedure of Panse and Sukhatme (1985) and the results were interpreted. The level of significance are used in “F” and “t” tests at P=0.05. Critical differences (CD) were worked out whenever F test was found significant. The WASP 2.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of data. The study showed significant difference in the growth, yield and quality among the different treatments. The highest plant height (cm) (128.30, 131.32 and 132.20), plant spread (cm) (109.80, 112.03 and 115.75), number of tillers per plant (43.78, 45.90 and 48.16), number of leaves per plant (208.46, 212.15 and 210.00) of citronella were recorded with the application of 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer with vermicompost 5 t/ ha and 2% foliar spray of seaweed extract improved the growth, yield and quality of citronella. The application of 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer with vermicompost 5 t/ha and 2% foliar spray of seaweed extract has been identified as the best treatment for maximizing the growth characters of citronella. Hence, could be recommended for satisfactory growth, yield and quality of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.).

Members’ Awareness in Financial Management and Financial Performance of Tarlac College of Agriculture- Faculty Association-Multipurpose Cooperative

It is recognized that cooperatives help uplift the lives of their individual members. In a broader sense, this is one of the many ways in which people join together to create a better quality of life for themselves. The financial performance of the cooperative is essential for it measures how profitable the organization is, in a specific period. In this context, understanding the relationship between financial performance and the management skills of its leaders is important for overall success. This study was conducted to determine the financial performance and level of awareness in the financial management of the officers and management staff of Tarlac College of Agriculture Faculty Association Multipurpose Cooperative (TCA-FA MPC) at Tarlac Agricultural University. A total of eight (8) officers and staff served as respondents in this study. The study used a descriptive research method to describe the level of financial management awareness of its officers and management staff. The preliminary information was gathered using a questionnaire distributed personally to the respondents. The study divulged that the management staff and officers are aware of the financial management practices of the cooperative. Additionally, the cooperative's financial performance is contingent upon the extent of awareness with financial management practice.

Effect of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of organic manures and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of green gram, variety “SML-832‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum growth parameters like, plant height (51.45 cm), number of branches per plant (4.08) and yield parameters like, number of pods per plant (20.58, number of seeds per pod (8.65), test weight (38.92 g), grain yield (1106.45 kg/ha), straw yield (2583.85 kg/ha) and maximum net return (48100 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (1.58) was recorded with T9-75% Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha. The minimum growth and yield obtained with control treatment. Therefore, concluded that impact of different organic manures and chemical fertilizers on the growth and yield of the green gram. Among different T9-75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha registered the maximum production with higher net return. So, it was concluded that the treatment 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha superior among all treatments.

Efektivitas Asap Cair Kayu Rambutan dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum sp Secara In Vitro

Leaf blight is one of the main diseases in oil palm nurseries, as a result of the attack of the pathogen Colletotrichum sp. The initial symptoms are found on the edges of the leaves. Colletotrichum sp. is a pathogenic fungus that causes blight in oil palm, so it needs to be controlled. One of the alternative controls is by using rambutan wood liquid smoke. This study aims to obtain an effective concentration of rambutan wood liquid smoke that can inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp. in vitro. This research was carried out from November 2023 to January 2024 at the Laboratory of Pathology, Entomology, Microbiology and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University, Riau. This study used an experimental method with a complete randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) with each treatment repeated 4 times, so that there were 24 experimental units. Observation parameters include total phenol analysis and PH test of liquid smoke, macroscopic, growth rate (cm/day) and inhibition (%) Colletotrichum sp. The results showed a total phenol content of 3.47% and a PH test. Rambutan wood liquid smoke with a concentration of 4% is very effective in inhibiting Colletotrichum sp. 100% inhibition and growth rate of 0 cm/day.

BERAT POTONG AYAM BROILER YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria) DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA SECARA ORAL

This research was conducted to determine the effect of oral administration of white turmeric extract (Curcuma Zedoaria) at different levels on the slaughter weight of broiler chickens. This research will take place for 3 months, August – October 2023 at the Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Husbandry, Livestock Unit, Pattimura University, Ambon. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this study with 4 replications and 4 treatments, the replications consisted of 6 chickens. The treatments applied were P0 = feed without giving turmeric extract (control), P1= feed + turmeric extract 0.7 ml/head, P2= feed + turmeric extract 1.4 ml/head, P3= feed + turmeric extract 2.1 ml /tail. The variables observed were feed consumption and slaughter weight. The results of the research conducted showed that oral administration of white turmeric extract had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on feed consumption and slaughter weight of broiler chickens. However, numerically the administration of white turmeric extract resulted in a higher increase in the slaughter weight of broiler chickens compared to the slaughter weight of broiler chickens without the administration of white turmeric extract.

Pengaruh Pembenah Tanah Cair dan Pupuk N, P, K terhadap Pertumbuhan Serta Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium cepa, L.)

This research aims to determine the effects of humic acid application on soil pH, organic carbon (C-Organic), cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as the growth and yield of shallots. The study was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang, from November 2023 to February 2024. The experimental method used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and five replications. The treatments were: A; (0.5 Soil Amendment and 1 Standard N, P, K), B; (1 Soil Amendment and 1 Standard N, P, K), C; (1.5 Soil Amendment and 1 Standard N, P, K), E; Without Standard N, P, K and Soil Amendment (Control), and F; (Standard N, P, K). The results showed that the combination of soil amendments and N, P, and K fertilizers significantly affected the parameters of soil pH, C-Organic, CEC, and plant height at 14, 28, 42, and 56 days after planting (DAP); stem diameter at 14, 28, 42, and 56 DAP; number of tillers at 14, 28, 42, and 56 DAP; and shallot plant weight.

Growth and initiation of third stage of immature oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by giving oil palm frond compost and paclobutrazol

The third stage of immature oil palm is the phase where the plants enter preparation for flowering, so efforts are needed to initiate flowering, one of which is by using plant growth regulators (PGR) such as paclobutrazol. It is expected that the use of oil palm fronds as compost and application to oil palm plants can support sustainable oil palm management activities. Paclobutrazol, as a growth regulator, plays a role in stimulating the flowering of immature oil palm plants. This research aims to determine the response to the growth and development of immature oil palm plants in the third stage by administering palm frond compost and paclobutrazol at certain doses and concentrations. The experiment was carried out from June to December 2020 at the Ciparanje Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 12 treatments and three replications. The experimental results showed that the application of compost to oil palm fronds and paclobutrazol had a significant effect on plant height and stem girth, but there were no significant differences in the number of fronds, leaf area, chlorophyll index, and flowers. All treatments did not produce flower shoots but showed inhibition of vegetative growth in immature oil palm plants in the third stage. The application of 12.8 kg of oil palm frond compost and 150 ppm paclobutrazol had the best effect on the height and girth of the oil palm stem and had an effect that was not significantly different from other treatments on the parameters of a number of fronds, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll, and flower growth.

Enhancing Broccoli growth by bacillus rhizosphere bacteria

This study examines the enhancement of broccoli growth by Bacillus Rhizosphere. Bacteria Broccoli is a nutrient-rich vegetable known for its high content of polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and low calorie count, making it a recommended daily food. Tropical regions grow broccoli in mountainous areas. Sustainable agriculture emphasizes minimizing chemical fertilizers, and biofertilizers like Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as Bacillus, can reduce their use. Bacillus improves plant growth by fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate and potassium, and producing phytohormones. Understanding Bacillus growth dynamics is vital for optimizing its agricultural application. This study aimed to analyze growth curves of different Bacillus species and investigate their potential role in promoting broccoli growth. This study was carried out in January–April 2024 at the Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, and Bumi Agro Technology Company, Lembang. The research was divided into 3 stages: growth curve determination, Bacillus liquid inoculant preparation, and application of treatment to plants. The findings showed that isolates of B. safensis strain MDL5, B. altitudinis strain RPW2, B. subtilis strain YPS4, and Bacillus sp. strain SZ057 reached the highest point in their growth curves after 4 and 5 days of incubation. After that, the curves slowly went down. Inoculating Bacillus into broccoli plants resulted in an increase in plant height by 43.28–58.75% compared to the control.