Work Environment Factors Research Articles

Factors affecting healthcare workers burnout and their conceptual models: scoping review

BackgroundThe occupational stress that contributes to the development of burnout syndrome remains one of the greatest scientific challenges. Despite years of research into burnout and its determinants, burnout continues to attract the attention of researchers, and healthcare workers (HCWs) continue to experience burnout in large numbers. Burnout has a significant impact on both the mental and physical well-being of HCWs and reduces patient-centered healthcare. This review aims to identify the factors affecting healthcare workers’ burnout (FAHCWB) and their conceptual models.MethodsThe review was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley's framework using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, ProQuest, Sage, Science Direct, and EBSCO using the following keywords: healthcare professionals, burnout, and internal/external factors. Empirical, qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design research articles published in English with full-text access in peer-reviewed journals that investigated the FAHCWB were included. For an in-depth analysis of the included articles, the authors developed a data synthesis table, and thematic analysis was applied to the analysis.ResultsAccording to the inclusion criteria, 38 articles were selected for further data analysis. Six main themes were identified: (1) FAHCWB; (2) conceptual models of FAHCWB; (3) research tools for studying FAHCWB; (4) findings on FAHCWB in the context of different models; (5) differences between findings from different models; (6) what is known and not known about FAHCWB. The results of the review show that most researchers conduct research on factors affecting burnout (FAB) based on factors related to the work environment, with fewer studies based on individual factors, including personality factors. Most of the research is based on the model developed by Maslach et al. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) has been used in most studies.ConclusionsDespite years of research, burnout continues to evolve rapidly, indicating that scientific research needs to be re-focused. Research should be conducted using different conceptual models and new research tools that allow the syndrome to be studied from a multidimensional perspective, including both the work environment and individual factors.

Work Environment and Socio-Demographic Factors of Psychiatric Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hospitals of Eastern Saudi Arabia.

The work environment in healthcare institutions, especially in psychiatric hospitals, plays a crucial role in shaping the experiences and efficacy of nurses' performance. This environment is influenced by various factors such as facility design, resource availability, workplace culture, support systems, and interpersonal dynamics. Understanding the intricate dynamics of the work environment in psychiatric hospitals is essential for ensuring the provision of high-quality mental healthcare services and enhancing the overall quality of life for both patients and healthcare providers, including nurses. However, the work environment of psychiatric nurses in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia is still inadequately understood. Objective: This study aimed to examine the work environment of nurses working in psychiatric hospitals in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional research design was employed on a sample of 346 nurses using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The survey method was adopted with the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (revised, Arabic version). Results: The study found a significant association between psychiatric nurses' work environment and their socio-demographic characteristics. Demographic factors, such as age and years of experience, were identified as influencing factors of nurses' perceptions of their work environment. Younger nurses and those with fewer years of experience reported greater job satisfaction when their work environment was positive. Conclusions: This study underscores the critical importance of maintaining a supportive work environment for psychiatric nurses due to its possible direct influence on their job satisfaction, work performance, quality of life, and overall well-being. Tailoring interventions to address demographic variations in perceptions of the work environment can enhance the well-being of nurses and improve the quality of care provided to psychiatric patients. These findings contribute to the body of knowledge on psychiatric nursing and have clinical implications for healthcare institutions that aim to optimize their work environments and retain a skilled and satisfied nursing workforce.

An Analytical Exploration of Factors Contributing to Increasing Turnover and Employee Retention Challenges in a Private Educational Institution

This study examines the factors contributing to increasing turnover and retention challenges in a private educational institution in the Philippines. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were gathered using a descriptive-correlational methodology, while semi-structured interviews with current and former employees were used to acquire qualitative insights. Results reveal a very high level of turnover intention among respondents, with compensation and benefits and leadership and management found as the most significant factors, followed by work environment and culture and external factors. Age, marital status, and work status all show varying degrees of significance when it comes to perceived primary factors, while gender and length of service showed no significant influence on all the factors of turnover intention. Findings suggest the importance of addressing compensation and benefits, leadership and management, and work environment and external factor issues to enhance retention efforts in educational institutions.

The Effect of Work Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT. Liza Christina Garment Industry Sukabumi Regency

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how employee performance at PT. Liza Christina Garment Industry Sukabumi Regency is impacted by work motivation and discipline. Descriptive and associative research methods with a quantitative approach are employed. 35 respondents from PT. Liza Christina Garment Industry Sukabumi Regency made up the sample for this study, which was carried out utilizing a total sampling approach in conjunction with the non-probability sampling technique. The validity and reliability test was the instrument utilized, followed by the classical assumption test. Multiple linear regression analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and coefficient of determination analysis were the methods employed to ascertain the link and effect. The findings of the studies that have been done indicate that job motivation has an impact. impact employee performance of 0.588, meaning that a one-time increase in the work variable will result in a 0.588-fold rise in employee performance. The effect of partial work discipline on employee performance is 0.270; a one-time increase in the work discipline variable will result in a 0.270-fold rise in employee performance values. Together or separately, work motivation and work discipline have a 63% positive impact on employee performance, according to the computation results and coefficient of determination. The remaining 37% is influenced by the work environment, collaboration, pay, and other factors that were not examined. Based on these findings, it can be said that work motivation and work discipline, either separately or in combination, significantly impact employee performance as the dependent variable

The International Spinal Cord Injury Survey in Iran (InSCI-IR)

Background and Aim: Spinal cord injury patients are faced with many neglected side effects that threaten the health, wealth, and life of the patients and their families. For this purpose, the international spinal cord injury survey (InSCI) was conducted in 2017 by adding 22 countries to follow up the patients facing spinal cord injury. Iran as a developing country was added to the survey in 2022 focusing on the catastrophic health expenditures of spinal cord injury patients. The survey is named: The International spinal cord injury survey in Iran (InSCI -IR). Methods and Materials/Patients: This study will be performed in Guilan Province, Iran and the primary data of the patients will be gathered from the Poursina Hospital of Rasht and the Iranian National Registry of Spinal Cord Injury Patients. InSCI-IR contains two parts; the general questionnaire which gathers the data for the InSCI and the specific questionnaire which gathers data for calculating catastrophic expenditures. Results: It is estimated that 600 patients will participate in the study and more than 200 cases are faced with paraplegia or tetraplegia. The international questionnaire contains 11 sections on the living situation of patients with SCI, sociodemographic questions, injury characteristics, mental and physical health, feeling and work conditions, environmental factors, and access to health services. The catastrophic expenditure part contains questions about the cost of treatment, medication, caregiving, transportation, and household income loss related to spinal cord injury, wealth index, and household total income. Both parts will be edited in psychometrics processes.

Factors affecting retention of occupational therapists in adult mental health service: A systematic review with narrative synthesis

Introduction: There are over 43,000 occupational therapists across the United Kingdom, with mental health occupational therapists being acknowledged as a main workforce of OT services. However, staff shortages are occurring, and urgent action is needed to retain this important workforce. Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in the CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus databases to identify research literature published since 2008. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a narrative synthesis was utilized. Results: A total of 20 studies (21 papers) were included in the review. Five thematic factors – well-being at work, organizational work environment factors, job resources, supervision and staffing, along with various subtheme factors emerged from the synthesis. The findings suggest that retaining mental health occupational therapists is a complex issue, affected by many factors. The study emphasizes the triangular relationship among three aspects of well-being (job satisfaction, professional identity and burnout) at work and introduces the concept of a ’Retention Ecosystem’. This illustrates how subtheme factors interconnect and influence the retention of mental health occupational therapists. Conclusion: The retention of mental health occupational therapists is revealed to be a multifaceted challenge. There is a need for developing more targeted, meaningful and holistic strategies for retaining the current mental health occupational therapist workforce.

Guardians under pressure, a spotlight on hypertension among healthcare workers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease impacting over a billion people worldwide. Work environment factors could adversely affect workers’ cardiovascular health, including contributing to hypertension. Healthcare workers who treat patients are also affected. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, limited studies explored the work environment factors associated with hypertension. This study aimed to examine hypertension prevalence and determine the associated risk factors among healthcare workers in Kinshasa.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Kinshasa’s healthcare facilities from December 2023 to January 2024 among healthcare workers selected by multistage stratified random sampling. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire using a modified WHO STEPwise approach and Karasek questionnaire. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The prevalence of hypertension was assessed. All sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle variables associated with hypertension were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis at the 5% significance level.ResultsThe study encompassed 614 participants, comprising 55.2% females and 44.8% males. The mean age of participants was 38.8 ± 10.4 years, ranging from 20 to 78 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 22.6% and over half of those with hypertension (56.1%) were unaware of their condition. Of the known hypertensive participants before the study, 60.7% had uncontrolled blood pressure. In the multivariable analysis, identified risk factors for hypertension were age ≥ 40 years (aOR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.64–4.61), seniority ≥ 10 years (aOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.54–4.58), multiple job holding (aOR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.81–5.34), job stress (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.17–2.89), physical inactivity (aOR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03–2.68), overweight (aOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.06–2.90) and obesity (aOR = 3.75, 95% CI: 2.10–6.70).ConclusionOur results underline an important prevalence of hypertension among healthcare workers in Kinshasa, despite their medical knowledge of the causes and the risks. A healthy lifestyle among healthcare workers is fundamental for ensuring the efficiency and productivity of the healthcare system. Regulating multiple job holding and implementing a hypertension prevention intervention encompassing their holistic support is crucial for reducing job stress and promoting well-being.

Co-workers’ Solidarity and Citizenship Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement

ABSTRACT The work environment plays a detrimental role in shaping workplace behavior of employees. Recent studies focused on the influence of work environment factors on individual and organizational level outcomes. We extend this work by exploring the impact of coworkers’ solidarity on organizational citizenship behaviors through work engagement in private universities in Ethiopia. A survey method was used to collect data from 335 employees selected using a proportionate stratified sampling method. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect primary data from employees composed of academic and administrative staff. The data collected was examined using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling through Smart PLS 3.0 software. A bootstrapping path analysis algorithm with a resample of 5000 was employed to generate direct and indirect effects and significance of path coefficients in testing hypotheses. The study found that solidarity among coworkers affects citizenship behavior of employees positively and significantly and work engagement played a partial mediating role in this relationship. The study recommends that private universities should give due attention to cultivating coworkers’ solidarity to derive the required behavior on the part of employees.

Upaya Peningkatan Kepuasan Kerja Guru SMK Islam Miftahul Huda Berbasis Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Non Fisik

An upsurge in the rate of teacher absences at Miftahul Huda Islamic Vocational School occurred during the academic year 2022-2023, necessitating an evaluation and enhancement of the school's infrastructure. Enhancing teacher job satisfaction yields numerous advantages for both teachers and students, particularly in the context of teaching and learning activities. The objective of this study is to examine endeavours to enhance teacher job happiness by concentrating on several elements of the work environment, encompassing both tangible and intangible factors. This research is characterised as quantitative and involved a total of 34 respondents. The sampling technique used was saturation sampling. The data gathering process involves the utilisation of library research and field research methodologies, along with data analysis methods such as descriptive and associative approaches. Data analysis involves the interpretation of the output table generated by the SPSS version 26 programme. This table is derived from previously processed data. The findings of this study indicate that both the tangible and intangible aspects of the work environment have a simultaneous impact on job satisfaction at Miftahul Huda Islamic Vocational School.

The work environment and hospitalist work well-being and burnout.

Hospital medicine is the largest growing specialty in the United States. It is important to understand factors that are related to burnout and work well-being (WWB), both predictors of workforce retention. To examine the relationship between work environment factors and hospitalist burnout and WWB. An online cross-sectional survey was completed by hospitalists in July-October 2020. Burnout was assessed using the Mini-Z burnout scale and the Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory. WWB was assessed using the Work Well-Being Scale. Work structure variables included hours worked per week, frustration at work, safety level of clinical workload, lack of control over schedule, lack of control over daily work, continuity of patient care, and ability to optimize license. The current desire to practice medicine was also examined. Eight-eight hospitalists participated. There were statistically significant differences between levels of safety of workload (F(2,85) = 9.70, p = <.005), frustration at work (F(2,85) = 12.29, p = <.005), control over schedule (F(2,85) = 3.17, p = .04), control over daily work (F(2,85) = 6.17, p = .003), and desire to practice medicine (F(2,85) = 42.34, p = <.005) with WWB. There were statistically significant associations between the presence of burnout and the safety of workload (χ2 = 8.167, p = .017), frustration at work (χ2 = 15.29, p = .005), control over daily work (χ2 = 12.48, p = .002), and desire to practice medicine (χ2 = 7.12, p = .03). WWB was positively associated with years as a hospitalist (r = .249, p = .02)). Work environment factors are associated with WWB and burnout. Modifiable work environment factors may offer a point of intervention for reducing burnout and enhancing WWB among hospitalists.

Analisis Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Proses Bisnis pada Departemen Pengadaan Produksi Divisi Supply Chain di PT PAL Indonesia

The physical work environment and non-physical work environment play an important role in supporting the productivity and operational efficiency of a company. This study aims to analyze work environment factors on business processes in the Production Procurement Department of the Supply Chain Division of PT PAL Indonesia with the challenges of adapting to changes in the workplace and the application of new technology, through several aspects of the work environment, such as work atmosphere, relationships between coworkers and relationships between subordinates and leaders. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through interviews and observations. The results showed that a conducive work atmosphere, effective communication between colleagues, and leadership support play an active and significant role in operational success. A good work environment improves performance and supports the achievement of company goals.

Does the work environment matter in shaping English as a foreign language teachers’ teaching for creativity: A mixed‐methods investigation into the roles of perceived climate, peer group interaction, and supervisory relationship

AbstractTeachers play a critical role in fostering students’ creativity, especially in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes, known as teaching for creativity (TfC). Despite this, no comprehensive study has explored how the work environment influences EFL teachers’ TfC. Therefore, this study investigates how various holistic work environment factors affect TfC among Chinese EFL teachers. Drawing on the dynamic componential model of creativity, the study employs a mixed‐methods approach, combining quantitative data from a survey of 406 EFL teachers analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling in Smart PLS 3, and qualitative insights from semi‐structured interviews with 20 EFL teachers analyzed in MAXQDA 2022. The quantitative results reveal that perceived climate and peer group interaction positively and significantly impact TfC, whereas supervisory relationship (SR) does not show significant effects. The qualitative findings validate these outcomes and offer deeper insights into how PC and PGI specifically facilitate or impede TfC, alongside explanations for the non‐significant role of SR. Additionally, the qualitative analysis identifies another influential factor on TfC: teacher–student interaction. These findings carry theoretical and practical implications for teacher educators and the professional development of EFL teachers.

Two decades of women’s underrepresentation in public service leadership: the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

ABSTRACT During the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2001–2021), the expected representation of Afghan women in leadership and executive roles was not achieved. This study examines factors contributing to this glass ceiling effect. Our research involved 317 participants, comprising 302 civil service professionals and 15 civil society activists. Employing a mixed-methods approach, thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative data. For the quantitative data, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were utilized to characterize the data, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to explore differences in responses across key demographic and professional categories. We found that several glass ceiling perceptions, specifically ‘Cultural Barrier Factors’ including entrenched patriarchal norms and familial challenges; ‘Individual Factors’ such as work-family conflict (WFC); ‘Work-Environment Factors’ like nepotism and the absence of merit-based systems; and ‘Interpersonal Relationships’ including weak support networks and the existence of ‘Queen Bee Syndrome’, impeded the advancement of Afghan women in leadership roles.

Improving sleep health in paramedics through an app-based intervention: a randomised waitlist control pilot trial

BackgroundDue to work commitments, shiftworkers often obtain inadequate sleep, consequently experiencing negative health, wellbeing, and safety outcomes. Given shiftworkers may have limited control over their work commitments, lifestyle and environmental factors within their control may present an intervention opportunity. However, such interventions require tailoring to ensure applicability for this sleep-vulnerable population.MethodsA randomised waitlist control pilot trial investigated the effectiveness of mobile health application Sleepfit, which delivered a tailored sleep health intervention aimed at improving sleep health and sleep hygiene outcomes amongst paramedic shiftworkers. Outcome measures of self-reported sleep health (sleep need, duration, and quality, fatigue, Insomnia Severity Index, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores) and sleep hygiene (Sleep Hygiene Index score) were collected at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up.ResultsFifty-eight paramedics (aged 33.4 ± 8.0 years; 50% male) were recruited, and trialed Sleepfit for a 14-day intervention period between August 2021–January 2022. For all participants, there was a significant reduction in Insomnia Severity Index and Sleep Hygiene index scores after intervention engagement. Regression models demonstrated no significant intervention effect on sleep health or sleep hygiene outcomes (intervention versus waitlist control group). A high study drop-out rate (91.4%) prevented assessment of outcomes at 3-month follow-up.ConclusionsPilot trial findings demonstrate that Sleepfit may elicit improvements in sleep health and sleep hygiene outcomes amongst paramedic shiftworkers. However, low enrolment and retention means that findings should be interpreted with caution, further highlighting potential engagement challenges, especially among paramedics who are particularly in need of support for improved sleep.Trial registrationProspectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry 24/01/2020 (reference no. ACTRN12620000059965).

Pengaruh Etos Kerja Islam, Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Bengkulu

This examination plans to determine whether the factors of Islamic work ethic, work discipline, work motivation and work environment have an impact on employee performance. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Bengkulu Province was the subject of the research. The population of this study consisted of all employees of the Bengkulu Province Central Statistics Agency, totaling 61 respondents. The data analysis method is multiple linear regression. Based on the test results, the Islamic work ethic and work discipline variables have a partially significant influence on employee performance. For the time being, work motivation and work environment do not have much influence on employee performance. Then simultaneously or together the factors of Islamic work ethic, work discipline, work motivation and work environment essentially influence the implementation of employee performance at the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Bengkulu Province.

Retention of Nursing Educators: A Qualitative Study of Personal and Work Environment Aspects.

Limited support for nurse educators can hinder their professional development, as they may struggle to apply best practices and innovative teaching strategies. This study aimed to identify the personal and work environment aspects that influence nursing faculty members' ability to remain in academia. This qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 18 faculty members working at 2 public universities in Saudi Arabia. Four focus group sessions were conducted, and a thematic analysis approach was used for the data analysis. The following themes emerged: appreciation and sense of security, individual and personal characteristics, work environment factors, cultural influences and responsibilities, and recommendations for individuals and organizations. Based on these themes, future research should implement appreciation initiatives such as recognition programs, mentorship opportunities, and regular feedback sessions, as well as evaluate their impact on educators' sense of appreciation and recognition.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Komitmen Karyawan (Studi pada Kantor BPBD Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)

This research aims to examine the influence of the organizational environment, work motivation and work discipline on employee commitment. The research took samples at the Yogyakarta Special Region BPBD office. The sampling technique used a non-probability sampling technique using saturated sampling (census). The sample in this study consisted of 50 employees who worked at the Yogyakarta Special Region BPBD office. In this research, multiple regression analysis techniques were used. The results of the research show that simultaneously environmental factors, motivation and work discipline influence employee commitment, but partially only work environmental factors have a significant influence on employee commitment at the Yogyakarta Special Region BPBD Office

Towards an assessment of psychosocial work factors in a multi-level mental health intervention in the workplace: results from the MENTUPP pilot-study.

Mental health in the workplace is a growing concern for enterprises and policy makers. MENTUPP is a multi-level mental health intervention implemented in small and medium size enterprises from three work sectors in nine countries. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, delivery, and instruments for the MENTUPP intervention to inform the planning of a clustered randomized controlled trial. We administered items from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study measuring psychosocial workplace factors. The questionnaire was answered by 382 participants at baseline, of which 98 participants also answered after six months at follow-up. We calculated mean scores of 19 psychosocial factors at baseline and conducted repeated measures ANOVAs to assess differences in eight psychosocial factors at follow-up. We also examined whether outcomes differed between work sectors and job positions at follow-up. The construction sector and workers with no or a lower leadership role reported more negative working environment factors at baseline. We observed a statistically significant decline in social support from colleagues and social community at work, and a marginally significant decline in justice at work. For the rest of the constructs, we did not observe statistically significant changes. We found significant differences in psychosocial work environment factors among work sectors and job positions at baseline. Contrary to our hypotheses, three psychosocial work environment factors decreased at follow-up. Possible explanations are the utilization of specific psychosocial factors as resources to cope with psychosocial stressors, high participant expectations that were not met by the intervention, insufficient time for structural changes, or the intervention prompting critical evaluations of the work environment. These findings will inform the design and implementation of the forthcoming clustered randomized controlled trial, where they will also be further investigated to validate their significance.

Mediating effect of moral sensitivity and professional identity between moral courage and compassion fatigue among nursing interns: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundCompassion fatigue in nursing interns contributes to career indecision and worsens the nursing shortage. While work environment and psychological factors are well-studied, the ethical dimension remains unexplored. Understanding these mechanisms, particularly the role of moral courage, is essential for designing interventions to combat compassion fatigue and address the workforce crisis. This study investigates the influence of moral courage on compassion fatigue among Chinese nursing interns, focusing on the mediating roles of moral sensitivity and professional identity.MethodsA quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. We used the convenience sampling method to recruit 467 nursing interns from four public junior colleges in Hunan Province, China in February, 2024. Data were collected using Compassion Fatigue Short Scale, Moral Courage Scale, Revised Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, and Professional Identity Scale. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 21.0.ResultsThe modified model exhibited a good fit (χ2/df = 3.437, AGFI = 0.928, IFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.976, CFI = 0.984, NFI = 0.977, RMSEA = 0.072). Moral sensitivity positively influenced both moral courage and professional identity, while professional identity negatively impacted compassion fatigue. Importantly, the effect of moral courage on compassion fatigue was entirely mediated by moral sensitivity and professional identity (β = -0.114, P = 0.001).ConclusionThis study suggests that moral courage in nursing interns mitigates compassion fatigue through the combined mediating effects of moral sensitivity and professional identity. Ethics education programs fostering moral courage, moral sensitivity, and professional values in nursing students could be crucial in alleviating compassion fatigue.

Factors of Work Environment and Employee Job Turnover Intentions: Evidence from Nigeria

Factors of Work Environment and Employee Job Turnover Intentions: Evidence from Nigeria