School Facilities Research Articles

The impact of rural human capital on household energy consumption structure: Evidence from Shaanxi Province in China

The structure of rural household energy consumption is crucial for rural residents' living standards and quality of life, constituting an integral component of energy transition and promoting Chinese-style modernization. Meanwhile, rural human capital is a prerequisite for agricultural and rural modernization. Drawing on survey data from 791 households in Shaanxi Province, this study empirically examines the impact and mechanisms of human capital on the household energy consumption structure with the ordinary least square (OLS) model and instrumental variable (IV) method. The findings indicate that human capital significantly reduces traditional energy consumption while increasing the adoption of transitional and advanced energy. This conclusion remains robust after rigorous testing. Mechanism analysis reveals that human capital facilitates the shift from traditional to transitional and advanced energy by enhancing purchasing power, environmental awareness, and the frequency of energy-saving technology usage within households. Further analysis demonstrates that higher levels of human capital correlate with a greater likelihood of households transitioning from traditional energy to transitional and advanced energy. Particularly, households with a high school education exhibit a significant increase in the consumption of transitional and advanced energy while notably reducing traditional energy consumption. Moreover, compared to low-income households, human capital has a significantly positive effect on increasing the adoption of advanced energy in high-income households. Hence, prioritizing investment in rural education, providing more educational resources, improving school facilities, and implementing incentive policies to emphasize education within households are recommended strategies to enhance rural residents' human capitals. This, in turn, facilitates their adoption of transitional and advanced energy, reducing dependence on traditional energy.

Analysis of access to amenities in peri-urban areas in West Africa: A GIS-based approach in Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin

Urban facilities and services are essential to human life. Access to them varies according to the geographical location of the population, whether urban, peri-urban or rural, and according to the modes of transport available. In view of the rapid development of peri-urban areas in developing countries, questions are being asked about the ability of the inhabitants of these areas to access these facilities and services. This study examines the ability of the inhabitants of Hêvié, Ouèdo and Togba, three peri-urban districts of Abomey-Calavi in the Republic of Benin, to access commercial, educational, school and health facilities. To this end, we have adopted a GIS-based methodology. It is a combination of isochronal method and accessibility utility measurement. The isochrones were produced according to the main modes of travel recorded on the study area and over a time t ≤ 20 min divided into intervals of 05 min. Analysis of the data enabled us to understand that the main modes of travel adopted by residents are walking, motorcycle and car. Access to educational and health facilities is conditioned by the mode of travel used. Access to commercial and entertainment facilities in t ≤ 20 min is not correlated with the modes of transport used.

Effective Utilization of Capitation Grants and Its Influence in Improving Educational Facilities in Public Secondary Schools in Arusha City, Tanzania

Effective Utilization of Capitation Grants and Its Influence in Improving Educational Facilities in Public Secondary Schools in Arusha City, Tanzania

Analisis Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru di SDN 37 Pekanbaru: Dengan Fokus Pada Tantangan Yang Dihadapi dan Solusi

This study aims to analyze the pedagogical competence of teachers at SDN 37 Pekanbaru, focusing On the challenges faced and solutions that can be applied. The methods used 1n this study were field observation and in-depth interviews with teachers and principals. The results of the analysis indicate that the pedagogical competence of teachers still faces various challenges, including a lack of understanding of innovative learning methods, limitations in the use of educational technology, and low student learning motivation. In addition, environmental factors and parental support also play an important role in the learning process. To overcome these challenges, this study recommends several solutions, such as ongoing training for teachers on creative teaching methods, improving technology facilities in schools. and parental involvement programs in children's education. With the implementation of these solutions, it is hoped that the pedagogical competence of teachers can increase, thus having a positive impact on the quality of learning at SDN 37 Pekanbaru.

Development of School Tour Video with Wall Tracking Technique (Planar Tracker) as a Promotional Media for The Introduction of Kak Seto School Facilities

This study aims to assess the quality improvement of the newly developed video (School Tour Sekolah Kak Seto) compared to the old video (Fasilitas Sekolah Kak Seto) and to understand user responses to the school tour video. This research was carried out because Kak Seto School faces challenges in utilizing digital media as the primary tool in its strategy to promote the school's facilities. Previously, Kak Seto School had a video titled “Fasilitas Sekolah Kak Seto” on its YouTube Channel, focusing on introducing all the facilities available at the school. However, the video has yet to implement visual effects, the text used in the video is still fundamental, the color grading remains dark and inconsistent, and the camera/footage techniques have not met current industry standards. Therefore, developing a new School Tour video for Kak Seto School is necessary, incorporating innovations such as wall-tracking visual effects to convey the school’s facilities better. This study uses the ADDIE development method by Robert Maribe Branch, consisting of analyzing, designing, Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating. The results demonstrate that the school tour video is of higher quality than the previous video, as it has greater engagement. User responses from media and content experts rated the video as "Very Good," while respondent assessments rated it as "Good" as a promotional medium for introducing school facilities.

Analisis Pembiasaan Pendidikan Karakter Islami di MI Pembangunan Desa Tanggulrejo

The With the increase in modern knowledge, technology, and information, Indonesia faces many challenges. If the foundation of principles and strong moral standards is not upheld, then the character of the nation's children will deteriorate. The implementation of religious character education through habituation is very important to develop a character with noble character. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation and supporting and inhibiting factors of religious character education through habituation in schools. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with the research subjects being school principals, teachers, and students. The data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that religion-based character education through habituation responds to the evaluation of daily habituation activities, voluntary habituation, exemplary habituation, and religious indicators of attitude and activity development. In addition, there are factors that support implementation such as teacher support, parent cooperation, and school facilities. The inhibiting factors include the child's own will and lack of support and recognition from their parents, teachers, and classmates.

Bibliometric Analysis of Education Budget Management and School Infrastructure Quality in Disadvantaged Areas

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research focused on education budget management and school infrastructure quality in disadvantaged areas from 2000 to 2024. The analysis explores key themes such as financial management, infrastructure development, and the role of technology in enhancing educational outcomes. Results reveal that effective budget management and strategic resource allocation are pivotal in improving school facilities and overall educational quality, particularly in under-resourced regions. The integration of technology, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, offers promising solutions for bridging gaps in access and learning quality, although the digital divide remains a significant challenge. Furthermore, strong leadership and community involvement are identified as crucial for the successful implementation of educational reforms. This study underscores the importance of a holistic approach that combines financial management, infrastructural improvements, and technological integration to address educational disparities in disadvantaged areas.

Effect of Physical Work Conditions on the Work Performance of Academic Staff in Private Universities in Kenya

The working conditions (physical and psychological) in an organization have key linkage with and work performance including academic institutions. The aim of this paper was to examine the effect of physical working conditions and performance of academic staff in private universities in Kenya. The study is informed by Fredrick Herzberg’s two factor theory on motivation of employees and work performance. The study research design is descriptive that incorporates quantitative and qualitative methods. The target population for this study involved academic staff of selected private universities in Kenya. Considering the target population was high, a sample size was chosen who were selected using stratified and purposive sampling technique. The data has been collected using questionnaire. Data analysis has been undertaken using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis. The study has found out that physical working conditions are a key determinant of employee performance in private universities in the country. Those universities with poor physical working conditions reported poor work performance amongst their academic staff compared to those that had conducive physical working conditions. The paper recommends that for private universities to remain competitive in the tertiary education sector, they have to ensure that the physical working conditions of school facilities are conducive for use by their members of staff. There is also need for the Commission for University Education in Kenya to regularly inspect universities physical infrastructure to ensure they are fit for use by both academic staff, non-academic staff and students. When all these recommendations are addressed, the academic staff productivity would significantly improve

Development of Powtoon Media in IPAS Learning Assisted by The PBL Model in Fourth Grade Elementary School

Learning is still carried out conventionally, even though school facilities support carrying out learning using renewable technology-based learning media. However, teachers lack innovation in learning media to be used in the learning process. Apart from that, student learning outcomes are still low. This research aims to develop Powtoon learning media assisted by the problem-based learning model in science and science learning in class IV elementary schools that is valid, practical, and effective. This type of research is research and development (R&D). The development model used is ADDIE. The methods used to collect research data are observation, interviews, questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. Subject validation is carried out by material, language, and media expert validators. The test subjects were Class IV elementary school students and class teachers. The validation results by material, media, and language experts stated that they were valid for the media being developed. The practicality results in both small and large groups obtained a very valid practicality category. Meanwhile, the results of effectiveness tests in small and large groups have increased. In this way, the media developed is declared valid, practical and effective, and suitable for use in science and science learning in Class IV.

WASH recommendations for improving disaster preparedness and recovery in schools in Indonesia

Access to functional and clean toilets which maintain privacy and dignity and support girls’ Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) plays a crucial role to getting girls back to school post-disaster. This could also help in managing feelings of shame and disgust experienced when using toilets in schools in post disaster settings. In this paper, we report on our assessment of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools three-years post the 2018 multi-hazard event in Indonesia. We used a mixed-methods approach using visual observations, interviews with school principals, surveys with schoolgirls and focus group discussions with schoolgirls and teachers to understand the lived experiences of students using toilets at school. Our results highlight that across schools descriptive and injunctive social norms were supportive of littering, inadequate toilet facilities for girls to manage their menstruation and bullying and antisocial behaviour by opening toilet doors while the facilities were occupied. Based on these results, we developed two types of interventions, physical and behavioural, piloted in three schools to increase WASH and MHM awareness and the safety of sanitation facilities. Our interventions showed that approaches for WASH interventions in schools can only be designed if we understand the local barriers to carrying out interventions that integrate maintenance plans. We provide recommendations to support practitioners in mitigating risk and improving circumstances for girls in schools in Indonesia, which have the potential to address SDG 4 on inclusive and equitable education and SDG 5 on gender equality and girls’ empowerment.

Perancangan Company Profile SMKN 3 Kota Solok Menggunakan Macromedia Director

By utilizing multimedia technology, this research has produced an interactive and engaging video profile for SMK Negeri 3 Kota Solok. This video was created using Macromedia Director software. The objective is to increase awareness of the school among prospective students and the community. The video showcases various important information such as available study programs, school facilities, and achievements. With this video profile, it is expected that more students will be interested in enrolling at SMK Negeri 3 Kota Solok. The video production process involved several stages, starting from data collection, video design, to video editing using the software. The final outcome of this research is expected to be an effective promotional tool for the school

UTILIZATION OF CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SUB COUNTY LEVEL SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA

School infrastructure is a key pillar for effective learning process in any educational institution. The purpose of this study was to utilization of classroom environment affect academic performance in Sub County level secondary schools in Uasin Gishu County. This study was guided by Production theory. The study was guided by pragmatism philosophy and adopts descriptive survey research design. The study area was carried out in Uasin Gishu County. The target population of the study was 18960 respondents. Stratified simple random and purposive sampling was employed to select the respondents. The sample size was 530 respondents comprising of 48 principals, 97 teachers, 384 students and a Quality Assurance and Standards Officer The data collection instruments were questionnaire, interview schedules and observation check list. A pilot study was carried out in five public schools in the neighboring Trans Nzoia County to check on the consistence of the instruments. The researcher yielded both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics that resulted in percentages and frequencies that were represented in tables, pie charts and bar graphs and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. Therefore, from the research findings based on the multiple regression models, the coefficient of determination (R squared) of 0.441 showed that 44.1% of the variation in student performance was explained by the utilization of selected school infrastructure. The study found out that the classroom environment influenced academic performance. The study concluded that the more conducive the classroom environment the higher the academic performance. The research recommended that sub county level secondary schools management in Uasin Gishu County should develop infrastructural development initiatives to solve the inadequacy of these facilities and enhance their utilization in the schools. There should be consistent routine supervision of quality of facilities in schools done by the government to ensure that schools are operating with good facilities that would help the learners. KEY WORDS: School infrastructure utilization of classroom environment, academic performance

Examining the Nexus between School Infrastructure and Instructional Materials on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Gombe State

The main purpose of the study was to examine the nexus between school infrastructure and instructional materials on the academic performance of secondary schools in Gombe State. The study was guided by two specific objectives, two research questions, as well as two null hypotheses. The research which was conducted in the Gombe State adopted a correlation research design. The population of the study was 24,216 subjects comprising 3,178 teachers and 21,038 Senior Secondary (SS II) students in public Secondary Schools in Gombe State. A multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted for the study in which simple random and purposive sampling were used. To determine the sample size, the Taro Yamane formula was used and a sample size of 348 was determined. Impact of School Facilities on Academic Performance Questionnaire” (ISFAPQ) was used as the instrument for data collection. The ISFAPQ was subjected to face validation by three experts and a trial test was conducted in Bauchi State which a reliability index of 0.89 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. Data were collected through a questionnaire, and End of third-term results form. The data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation as well as linear regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed that school buildings and instructional materials had a significant impact on the academic performance of secondary school students in Gombe State. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made; The Government should ensure that school buildings are well-built and painted to facilitate teaching and learning. Instructional materials should be made available by the government and management of secondary schools to enable effective teaching and learning.

SEA’s Science Teacher Voices Through the Modified World Café

Abstract This study investigates the perspectives of science teachers in Southeast Asia (SEA) regarding future curriculum using a modified World Café method. The research involved 19 science teachers from SEA participating in dialogues and a plenary session. Data were collected during the discussions taken place in groups as well as in the plenary session. In addition, an affinity diagram was used to record teachers’ voices in each group. Thematic analysis of data from affinity diagrams and participatory discussions identifies key themes and priorities for future curriculum development. The intra-country analysis reveals diverse findings in terms of (1) curriculum and assessment, (2) funding and resource allocation (3) organizational, and (4) context-specific complexities without consensus on underlying causes. The study emphasizes key themes in the situational analysis including teacher competency, facilities, curriculum, and systemic support, uncovering both similarities and differences in these areas. Participants focused primarily on practical improvements rather than speculative possibilities, advocating for better school facilities, systematic professional training, and community engagement. This research contributes to the on-going discourse on educational reform, providing critical insights for policymakers, curriculum developers, and educators seeking to enhance science education in the region.

Going Back to School: Reflecting on School Space as “Shared Space” to Shape Cities and Communities

There has been a growing interest in Australia for public schools to share their facilities (space) with local communities, driven by the understanding that these substantial public investments have the potential to yield additional social, environmental, and economic benefits to their immediate neighbourhoods. Yet, there is limited critical research on this topic, particularly from an urban planning perspective. This article reflects on schools within the broader spatial environment to understand how outdoor recreational and green spaces of schools can be enhanced to optimize their role within the city and to advance “schools beyond schools.” This study deviates from prior research by examining the conceptual progress in urban planning that envisions educational institutions not merely as pedagogical entities but as pivotal urban nodes capable of enhancing the socio-spatial dynamics of shared spaces. Through a systematic review, this article exposes the concept of “shared space” in reference to educational spaces (school grounds). It draws on the Share Our Space program of the New South Wales Department of Education to provide an in-depth understanding of the “shared space” framework, analysing both the inherent advantages and potential challenges in the future evolution of this model. The findings revealed a prevalence of academic studies on shared use or joint use agreements as the primary approach for granting community access to school facilities. In these agreements, the main challenges to sharing school spaces with communities or partner organizations were managerial and legal considerations. The research emphasized the need for a collective reimagining of school facilities and a comprehensive re-evaluation of shared school space within the broader urban context, which is particularly vital in the pursuit of resilient urban futures. This will require addressing gaps in collaboration between education and planning disciplines, the participation of the communities they serve, and developing a frame of reference to guide the dialogue. Local planning authorities are crucial in facilitating and implementing such a multi-disciplinary approach to reposition school spaces as the focal point of sustainable city and community development.

Physical Fitness Test Implementation in Elementary Schools

Physical fitness is one of the main aims of the physical education program and must be included in the curriculum from Grades 4 to 10 according to the K–12 Basic Education Curriculum. From Grades 4 to 12, the administration and implementation of the testing program must be considered a crucial part of the physical education and school sports curriculum (DepEd Order No. 34, s. 2019). In this premise, this paper aimed to determine the extent of PFT implementation in Elementary Schools in a District under a medium-sized School Division during the S.Y 2021-2022. Data for this descriptive study was collected from 35 respondents using a self-made survey questionnaire that has passed the rigorist validity and reliability tests. Physical Fitness Test in Elementary schools regarding school facilities, equipment, and teaching strategy was indicated to a “great extent.” However, in teaching competence, it was to a “very great extent.” Furthermore, in school facilities and equipment, teaching strategy, and teaching competence according to length of service, both shorter-tenured and longer-tenured assessed to a “great extent.” In contrast, in teaching competence, longer respondents assessed a “very great extent.” Lastly, the study also revealed no significant difference in the extent of implementation when grouped according to age, educational attainment, and length of service. The findings call for concerned teachers to look at different teaching approaches, methodologies, and strategies and the contextualization and indigenization of teaching-learning in physical education. Keywords: education, Physical Education, Physical Fitness Test, Public Schools, Bacolod City Negros Occidental

Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of education infrastructure development (A case study of 33 regencies/city in North Sumatra Province)

This study explores the spatial distribution pattern of educational infrastructure development across districts and cities in North Sumatra, identifying significant disparities between urban and rural areas. The study aims to: (1) determine the distribution of educational development across districts and cities, (2) analyze global spatial autocorrelation, and (3) identify priority locations for educational development policies in North Sumatra Province. The methodology includes quantile analysis, Moran’s Global Index, and Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) using GeoDa software to address spatial autocorrelation. The results indicate that there are nine areas with a low School Participation Rate Index (SPRI), eleven areas with a low School Facilities and Infrastructure Index (SFII), and eleven areas with a low Regional Education Index (REI). Spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals that SFII shows positive spatial autocorrelation, while SPRI and REI exhibit negative spatial autocorrelation, indicating a high level of inequality between regions. Labuhan Batu Selatan and Labuhan Batu are identified as priorities for the provincial government in overseeing educational development policies.

Disaster Safe Education Unit Program As An Effort To Reduce Disaster Risk In School

Various sectors experienced losses as a result of the disaster. Education is one sector that is badly affected by disasters, especially when disasters occur during school hours. Students, who are the country's future assets, are the biggest victims. In addition, accidents can cause damage to the learning process, school documents, and school facilities. For this reason, disaster risk reduction management must be in place. One way to do this is by providing education about disaster risk reduction. This research uses a qualitative approach, which means describing and explaining what schools are doing to reduce disaster risk by implementing a disaster-safe education unit program. Steps to describe and explain data by referring to expert opinions. This study shows that the Disaster Safe Education Unit (SPAB) program is very important to implement in schools because it can increase the school community's understanding of matters related to disasters. It is hoped that the implementation of the SPAB program will enable schools to remain safe and comfortable and increase students' understanding of how to deal with disasters

Evaluation of the Management Policy of BOS Funds in Elementary Schools

General background however, the effective management of these funds remains a significant challenge, particularly in certain regions. Specific background this study focuses on evaluating the management policy of BOS funds at an elementary school, highlighting the need for systematic assessment criteria that align with established standards. Knowledge gap despite the existence of frameworks for evaluating fund management, there is limited research on their practical application in specific educational contexts. The aim is to analyze the BOS fund management by employing evaluation indicators based on Wirawan's framework, which includes input, process, output, and impact assessments. The results reveal that while the school’s facilities and infrastructure are generally in good condition, delays in fund distribution have adversely affected maintenance efforts. Key factors influencing successful fund management include meticulous planning, effective coordination, and accurate reporting. Furthermore, the study finds that BOS funds significantly reduce operational costs, benefiting both educators and students. Novelty this research contributes novel insights into the evaluation process of educational funding, illustrating how structured assessments can improve management practices. The implications of this study suggest that better fund management can lead to enhanced educational outcomes and resource allocation, ultimately fostering an environment conducive to learning. Highlights: Evaluation of BOS fund management enhances accountability and resource allocation. Delays in fund distribution impact maintenance of school facilities. Structured assessments improve educational outcomes and support effective learning environments. Keywords: BOS , Educational Management, Evaluation, Operational Costs, Infrastructure

The Influence Of Facilities And Infrastructure Management On The Effectiveness Of The Teaching And Learning Process At Superior High School Aceh Besar

Facilities and infrastructure are resources that are really needed in the school environment to support the smooth teaching and learning process. The role of the school principal is very important in managing facilities and infrastructure, including assistance from educational staff, facilities and infrastructure and cooperation with the school community in maintaining school facilities and infrastructure so that they remain strong and last a long time. Management of facilities and infrastructure greatly influences the teaching and learning process so that there are no obstacles such as damage and loss of facilities/equipment that have been provided. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of facilities and infrastructure management on the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process at SMAN Unggul Aceh Besar. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a qualitative and quantitative approach using the T and N-Gain tests. Based on research findings, there areThe significant influence of facilities and infrastructure management on the teaching and learning process as seen based on the T test shows very high significance (0.000) and the N-Gain test shows that the N-Gain value is 0.71 or around 71%. Therefore, management of infrastructure in the teaching and learning process is effective.