Facial Skin Appearance Research Articles

The Effects of an Oral Supplementation of a Natural Keratin Hydrolysate on Skin Aging: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study in Healthy Women.

Keratin hydrolysates are active components used in food supplements to alleviate aging signs on skin, hair, and nails. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluates a novel keratin hydrolysate obtained from poultry feathers. This feather keratin hydrolysate (FKH) results in a characteristic mix of free L-amino acids (≥ 83.5%). FKH was administered as a food supplement to a panel of adult women showing aging physiological signs. Participants were randomly assigned in three groups to receive daily dosages of 500 or 1000 mg of FKH or placebo for 90 days. Parameters of skin roughness, wrinkle features, deep skin moisturization, skin maximum elongation and elasticity, skin thickness, skin anisotropy, skin density, gloss of skin, hair and nails, and nail hardness were evaluated. Subjects also answered a questionnaire related to the treatment efficacy perception. Both FKH treatments showed a significant improvement of all parameters compared to day 0 and to placebo, with an exception for fiber anisotropy and fiber density which showed a significant improvement compared to day 0 and a tendency to improve compared to placebo. These measurements were bolstered by the results of a self-assessment questionnaire, showing an overall set of positive answers for both treatments compared to placebo. Oral supplementation of FKH for 90 days is associated with an improvement in the appearance of facial skin, hair, and nails. This study highlights the benefits of free L-amino acids mix as potential aminobiotics and not just as building blocks of proteins, suggesting a new perspective of nutricosmetic food.

Treatments using elements of Kobido massage for anti-ageing prevention and relaxation

The growing emphasis on maintaining a youthful appearance is driven by increased public awareness of the importance of good health and an attractive appearance, which going hand in hand with social development. Kobido massage is a suggested technique for enhancing the look and state of facial skin, serving as a non-surgical alternative to a facelift. The procedure employs specific manual techniques executed by a skilled specialist. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of selected elements of kobido massage on improving the appearance of the skin, relaxing facial muscles, reducing their tension and improving blood and lymph circulation in the head area. The study included a group of 27 women who received 10 of the same treatments. The most frequently observed effects of the sequence of procedures were a reduction in tension and smoothing of facial skin folds, as well as a change in facial contour. The obtained results were consistent with the expectations of the majority of the participants. Kobido massage can be an effective method of improving the appearance of facial skin and may be a safe alternative to surgical lifting.

Multisensory contributions to skin-cosmetic product interactions.

The human face is one of the most salient regions of the body surface. Ratings of facial attractiveness, as well as judgements of a person's age, are influenced by the appearance of facial skin (not to mention the presence/absence of wrinkles). Unsurprisingly, many consumers spend huge amounts of money on trying to protect, maintain, and/or enhance their facial appearance. As highlighted by the evidence presented in this narrative review, both the skin and the cosmetic products that many consumers use are fundamentally multisensory in nature. The complex interaction between the particular skin site stimulated and the multisensory attributes of the product (e.g., when it is applied) can exert a number of effects on an individual's mood, their emotions, as well as on their self-perception (and self-confidence), over-and-above any functional effects that the cream or lotion may have on the skin itself. In this narrative historical review, the literature on the multisensory perception of facial skin is summarized and critically evaluated. Multisensory interactions taking place between the cosmetic product, its packaging, as well as its use/application at the sensory, cognitive, and emotional levels are all discussed.

Long Term Rejuvenation of Facial Skin by Transplantation of Autologous Stromal Vascular Fraction and Pre-conditioned Matrix: A Clinical Study

Background: For skin rejuvenation, today no procedure describes a specific treatment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) combined with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue. A new product AmeaCell® , allows SVF extraction and ECM preconditioning in hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia significantly increased the adhesion of adipose derived stem cells and enhace their proliferation and differentiation. Objective: This clinical study aimed to evaluate safety and efficiency of this new procedure, over one year. Material and methods: The study was performed on 23 patients. After a liposuction and fat proceed, SVF and the matrix were extracted and preconditioned following Ameacell® procedure, then injected into wrinkles. Results were scored for WSRS and GAIS scales at 6, 12 months after surgery. Results: No serious adverse reactions occurred. Regarding efficiency, whatever the baseline, the Ameacell® procedure triggered an improvement of WSRS score in most patients after one year follow-up: 75% of patients when WSRS score at baseline 2; 83% of patients when WSRS score at baseline 3. This is in accordance with the GAIS scored by both investigators and patients. Conclusion: This one-year follow-up clinical study using Ameacell® procedure, exhibited an improvement of facial skin appearance.

Treatment with synchronized radiofrequency and facial muscle stimulation: Histologic analysis of human skin for changes in collagen and elastin fibers.

Skin's exposure to intrinsic and extrinsic factors causes age-related changes, leading to a lower amount of dermal collagen and elastin. This study investigated the effects of a novel facial muscle stimulation technology combined with radiofrequency (RF) heating on dermal collagen and elastin content for the treatment of facial wrinkles and skin laxity. The active group subjects (N = 6) received four 20-min facial treatments with simultaneous RF and facial muscle stimulation, once weekly. The control subject (N = 1) was untreated. Skin biopsies obtained at baseline, 1-month and 3-month follow-up were evaluated histologically to determine collagen and elastin fibers content. A group of independent aestheticians evaluated facial skin appearance and wrinkle severity. Patient safety was followed. In the active group, collagen-occupied area reached 11.91 ± 1.80 × 106 μm2 (+25.32%, p < 0.05) and 12.35 ± 1.44 × 105 μm2 (+30.00%, p < 0.05) at 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits. Elastin-occupied area at 1-month and 3-month follow-up was 1.64 ± 0.14 × 105 μm2 (+67.23%, p < 0.05), and 1.99 ± 0.21 × 105 μm2 (+102.80%, p < 0.05). In the control group, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in collagen and elastin fibers. Active group wrinkle scores decreased from 5 (moderate, class II) to 3 (mild, class I). All subjects, except the control, improved in appearance posttreatment. No adverse events or side effects occurred. Decreased dermal collagen and elastin levels contributes to a gradual decline in skin elasticity, leading to facial wrinkles and unfirm skin. Study results showed noticeable improvement in facial appearance and increased dermal collagen and elastin content subsequent to simultaneous, noninvasive RF, and facial muscle stimulation treatments.

Aesthetic Efficacy of a Novel Topical Combination Brightening Regimen to Treat Facial Hyperpigmentation

Purpose: Hyperpigmentation is a multifaceted condition that is often challenging to treat. Due to this complexity, a combination therapy providing a holistic approach of removal and prevention of pigmentation has shown greater efficacy than a monotherapy treatment. A clinical usage study was conducted to assess the cosmetic changes of a combination take-home skincare topical regimen of a novel brightening platform in subjects with mild to severe facial hyperpigmentation.&#x0D; Procedure: Participants received a take-home multimodal brightening skincare regimen (EC Regimen) that consisted of twice-daily use of EC brightening Pads and EC serum, and once-daily evening use of EC spot cream. Clinical Efficacy and tolerability assessments, and participant self-assessments of facial skin appearance were conducted.&#x0D; Results: Nineteen participants aged 31-69 years, with Fitzpatrick Skin Types I-IV, who self-identified their ethnicity as Asian, White, American Indian, and Hispanic, were included in the study. The EC Regimen provided statistically significant improvements as early as week 1 in Dark Spot Severity and Dark Spot Contrast grades with continued significant improvements through week 12 versus baseline (p&lt;0.01). There were significant improvements in Overall Hyperpigmentation and the validated Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index scores as early as week 2 with continued significant improvements through week 12 versus baseline (p&lt;0.03). Additionally, improvements in a variety of photoaging concerns such as Overall Photodamage, Tactile Roughness, Skin Tone Evenness, Fine and Coarse Lines/Wrinkles and Radiance were observed at all time points.&#x0D; The EC Regimen was highly rated by participants with an overall satisfaction of 94% by week 12. At week 12, participants stated that EC Regimen “faded the dark spots that I have had for more than 5 years” (89%), “helped prevent new dark spots” (94%), and “improved my most stubborn spots that bother me the most” (89%). At week 12, EC Regimen improved quality-of-life parameters and participants stated that EC Regimen “makes me feel happier with how I look” (83%) and “makes me more confident” (83%). EC Regimen was well-tolerated as tolerability assessments remained mild for the duration of the study.&#x0D; Conclusions: Combination therapy of EC Regimen provides a well-tolerated, effective treatment for multiple hyperpigmentation and photoaging parameters with high patient satisfaction.

Platelet‐Rich Fibrin as an Effective Method of Skin Revitalization

The objective of this retrospective study was to verify with the use of high‐frequency ultrasonography whether Platelet‐Rich Fibrin (PRF) can increase skin density and become an effective method of skin revitalization as well as to determine an optimal procedure protocol for the use of Platelet‐Rich Fibrin to revitalize skin of the periorbital region. Ten patients (women, age 32–45) were assigned for the observation. They reported thinning and wrinkles of the skin in the periorbital area. For each individual two vials (18 mL) of peripheral blood were collected and placed in preprogrammed centrifuge (60g, 3 minutes). After centrifugation injectable‐PRF (i‐PRF, 2 mL) was collected and injected intradermally in the periorbital area, using the mesotherapy technique with 4 mm 30 G needles. The patients underwent four procedures in one month intervals. A high‐frequency ultrasound device was used to measure skin density. Skin density analyses were performed before PRF administration, a month after the second and a month after the third procedure in the crow’s feet area. The results demonstrated an increase in skin density in all patients after just one procedure: on average it was 1.66 times higher compared to the baseline after the second and 5.08 times higher after the third treatment which was visualized using the DUB SkinScanner imaging. The enrolled patients’ satisfaction with their facial skin appearance was measured with the visual analogue scale (VAS). Digital photographs were taken before the first treatment and a month after the last treatment. The VAS assessment results were as follows: the average score before the treatment was 4 and the average score after the treatment was 8.5, indicating a significant increase in patient satisfaction. i‐PRF seems to be a promising treatment modality for skin rejuvenation in the periorbital area and might be a solution for those seeking natural methods. Although the results of this observation are very promising, there is need for larger controlled research to definitely confirm Platelet‐Rich Fibrin efficacy in the skin revitalization processes.

Efficacy and safety of 1565-nm non-ablative fractional laser versus long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser in treating enlarged facial pores

Facial pores are visible openings of pilosebaceous follicles, and they are one of the major factors influencing facial skin appearance. This article aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of 1565-nm non-ablative fractional laser (NAFL) and long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser (LPNY) in treating enlarged facial pores. All subjects were treated with NAFL on their left faces and LPNY on their right. Five treatments were administered at 2-week intervals, with one follow-up session 2 months after the final treatment. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by subjective (pore improvement and subject satisfaction ratings) assessments and objective (pore number) assessments. At each appointment, any side effects or complications were recorded to evaluate the safety of the two lasers. A total of 18 individuals participated in this study. At the 2-month follow-up, NAFL and LPNY sides had significant reduction in pores (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean number of pore reductions on either side (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in pore improvement ratings and satisfaction ratings between the two sides (p > 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively). Both lasers showed minimal side effects. Both lasers effectively treated enlarged facial pores and were well tolerated. The side effects of the 1064-nm LPNY were less severe than those of the 1565-nm NAFL. ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT05360043.

Facial skin characteristics and concerns in Indonesia: A cross-sectional observational study.

Facial skin characteristics and appearance vary according to ethnicity. While much of this knowledge is derived from the Caucasian population, lately there have been efforts to gain such understanding in various regions in Asia.In this paper, we have built an understanding of such features in Indonesia. In Indonesia, a section of females wears a traditional veil (hijab) to cover the scalp and part of face. The influence of the hijab on facial skin attributes was also investigated. Ina cross-sectional observational study designinvolving 419 female volunteers in Jakarta, Indonesia, facial skin attributes (colour, radiance, hydration, trans-epidermal water loss [TEWL], wrinkles, fine lines, pores, and sebum levels) and conditions (melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), solar lentigines/ senile lentigines, seborrheic keratoses and acne) were assessed by trained operators and dermatologists using standard validated instruments and scales. With age, facial skin colour showed darkening in cheek; forehead on the other hand showed slight lightening. The skin evenness and radiance decreased, substantially. Aging attributes measured in terms of lines, wrinkles, and under-eye dark circles showed deterioration with age; the decline was progressively faster than colour change. Facial image data analysis corroborated these findings.Skin hydration remained similar across the age groups even though the skin barrier function measured in terms of TEWL improved with age. Sebum levels in the skin were similar up to the age of 50 but declined in the next group of 50-60 year.Pore severity increased with age. Melasma, seborrheic keratosis and PIH showed a high prevalence (>∼50%) at the young age group (20-30 years), itself. Melasma prevalence attained 100% in the age group of 41-50 year and onwards, and its severity similarly showed a steady rise with age. PIH on the other hand showed a steady decline with age. Solar lentigines prevalence (∼30%) did not change much across age groups, and the severity scores were similar in age groups up to 50 year but increased substantially in 51-60-year age groups. Seborrheic keratosis was similar (∼47%) in age groups up 20-40 year but steadily increased in upper age groups.Its severity was similar in the age groups of 20-30 year and 31-40 year but showed a two-fold increase in subsequent age groups. Acne was 10% in the age group of 20-30 year and declined gradually to 0.7% in the 51-60-year age group. Hijab wearers showed slight protection in skin colour darkening and improvement of evenness and radiance but were similar on aging (fine lines and wrinkles on crow's feet, under eye and peri-oral areas) markers to non-wearers. In general, in majority of age-groups, hijab wearers showed a higher prevalence of melasma, solar/senile lentigines, seborrheic keratosis and PIH.

The Identification of Mercury in The Urine of Night Cream Users in Midwifery Program Abdurrab University

White and bright skin is everyone's dream. Many women who do facial skin care in order to obtain healthy facial skin and attractive appearance. Facial skin care that is mostly done is the use of facial whitening creams. Face whitening cream is believed to be able to remove or lighten black spots on facial skin. Whitening cream that is often used is a night cream. Some of the night creams sold have not received permission from National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Indonesia. Usually these creams contain heavy metals, such as mercury. Mercury is toxic which when exposed and absorbed by the body can cause loss of enzyme ability in the body to cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence or absence of mercury in the night cream and urine of night cream users at Abdurrab University Midwifery Study Program students. The method of this research is a qualitative examination on samples of night cream and urine used KI reagent. The results showed that the night cream sampled gave a positive test result and the urine of night cream users gave a negative test result. The conclusion of this study is that the night cream sampled contained mercury and the urine of night cream users did not contain mercury.

Oxidative stress in the skin: Impact and related protection.

Skin, our first interface to the external environment, is subjected to oxidative stress caused by a variety of factors such as solar ultraviolet, infrared and visible light, environmental pollution, including ozone and particulate matters, and psychological stress. Excessive reactive species, including reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, exacerbate skin pigmentation and aging, which further lead to skin tone unevenness, pigmentary disorder, skin roughness and wrinkles. Besides these, skin microbiota are also a very important factor ensuring the proper functions of skin. While environmental factors such as UV and pollutants impact skin microbiota compositions, skin dysbiosis results in various skin conditions. In this review, we summarize the generation of oxidative stress from exogenous and endogenous sources. We further introduce current knowledge on the possible roles of oxidative stress in skin pigmentation and aging, specifically with emphasis on oxidative stress and skin pigmentation. Meanwhile, we summarize the science and rationale of using three well-known antioxidants, namely vitamin C, resveratrol and ferulic acid, in the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Finally, we discuss the strategy for preventing oxidative stress-induced skin pigmentation and aging.

25877 Efficacy evaluation of a topical hyaluronic acid serum

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an anionic nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix in the basal layer of the epidermis where proliferating keratinocytes are present. HA acts as a biologic humectant thus retaining water in the skin making it useful as a topical moisturizing ingredient. The goal of the research was to evaluate the ability of a HA facial serum to deliver skin benefits by promoting skin plumpness and hydration while minimizing fine lines/wrinkles and improving the overall global assessment of facial skin appearance.

Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Attributes in Healthy Adults

Abstract Objectives Consumption of supplements have been found to improve skin health, but there is only a limited number of studies to support these claims. The main objective of this single center, randomized placebo-controlled study was to determine the effects of a nutritional supplement containing collagen peptides, wheat extract oil containing ceramides, and lutein on skin appearance in healthy adults. Methods Sixty healthy, nonsmoking men and women between the ages of 40 and 75 years with Fitzpatrick skin types I and II were recruited to participate in the study. The variables measured were changes in skin attributes including skin color, skin carotenoids levels, skin hydration, and visible results as assessed by a dermatologist and self-assessment between groups given supplement: collagen peptides, ceramides, and lutein (CCL) or placebo. The study also investigated if using a facial cleansing device along with CCL influenced facial skin appearance. Results Skin carotenoid levels significantly increased from baseline with CCL at 30 and 120d with a mean increase of 10,750 Raman Intensity Units (RIUs) following 120d supplementation. Significant improvements in facial skin radiance, texture, and overall appearance were found for CCL, cleansing device or combination of both. An increase was found in skin facial color (b*) at 30 and 120d with CCL supplementation while placebo treatment was unchanged between baseline and 30d, but then increased between 30 and 120d. No changes in lines and skin firmness were noted. Conclusions Supplementation for 120d with CCL with and without a cleansing device supported skin health and improved several skin attributes thus confirming evidence of benefit on skin health and identifying potential for added benefit of device along with supplementation. Funding Sources NSE Products, Inc., Provo, Utah.

Effects of Oral Supplementation of TrichovitalsTM on Human Skin, Hair and Nail Physiology

In this study, Microcore’s oral supplements of TrichovitalsTM contains Collagen type (I,III,V,X), elastin, ellagic acid, Sabbery b glucogallin, Biotin, Curcumin C3 reduct ODN and Murraya koenigii. ESM ingestion is associated with significant impact on hair thickness, reduction in hair breakage and improvement in hair growth. This study leads to evaluate the impacts of a nutritional intervention as compared to control group (without oral supplements intake) on the appearances of hair, skin, and nails in healthy middle-aged adults. Two pilot studies were run to assess TrichovitalsTM on skin parameter. 1. Self-assessment questionnaire intended to perform an assessment on skin, hair, and nail health after 12 weeks of treatment for a group of 25 female volunteers 2. Evaluated the efficacy of TrichovitalsTM effect of 5-week treatment on hydration of skin by corneometry, on elasticity with the cutometer, and on pigmentation with themexameteron for a group of 7 female volunteers, Microscopic studies of hair strength and nail growth. In study 1-Participants were predominantly satisfied with the effects obtained on general face (100% volunteers satisfied) and (94% volunteers satisfied) body skin condition and skin properties (100% volunteers satisfied) with facial skin softness, 95% ith facial skin hydration, 63% of facial skin brightness and 89% with body skin hydration and significant effects on hair damages (100% volunteers satisfied), hair falls (95% volunteers satisfied) and hair growth (96% volunteers satisfied) and nail appearance (80% volunteers satisfied) and improvement in brittle nails. In this open-label 5 weeks study, Oral Microcore’s TrichovitalsTM ingestion was associated with a significant improvement in skin appearance such as increase skin hydration and skin elasticity, reduces skin pigmentation after 5 weeks treatment and facial skin tone, with significant impact on hair thickness, reduces split ends, hair loss, hair breakage and improvement in hair growth after 5 weeks treatment, increase of 80% nail growth rate and a decrease of 42% brittle nails after 6 weeks. Microcore’s TrichovitalsTM achieved significant change improvement in skin, hair and nail appearance (thickness/density) than control group (without oral supplements intake) by week 12 of the study. From the result analysis, Microcore’s TrichovitalsTM is deemed to be one of the most effective anti-aging products in cosmetic sector and overall physical appearance. Oral supplementation of 500mg/day of Microcore’s TrichovitalsTM for 12 weeks is associated with significant improvement in the appearance of facial skin, hair and nail. Increases in skin hydration and skin elasticity with reduced pigmentation on skin were observed after 5 weeks treatment, which is a very important marker for skin aging. Also significant impact on hair thickness reduces split ends, hair loss, hair breakage and improvement in hair growth and healthy development of nails after 5 weeks treatment.

Effects of Oral Supplementation of Muttaijow complexTM on Human Skin, Hair and Nail Physiology

In this study, Microcore’s oral supplements of Muttaijow ComplexTM obtained from the egg shell that contains naturally occurring collagen Type (I, V, X), Elastin (Desmosine and isodesmosine), Hyaluronic acid, Glucosamine, Chondroitin, Glycosaminoglycans or Muco-polysaccharides, Membrane bound protein molecules, and Calcium are used in a group of volunteers. This study leads to evaluate the impacts of a nutritional intervention as compared to control group (without oral supplements intake) on the appearances of hair, skin, and nails in healthy middle-aged adults. Two pilot studies were run to assess Muttaijow ComplexTM on skin parameter. 1. Self-assessment questionnaire intended to perform an assessment on skin, hair, and nail health after 12 weeks of treatment for a group of 25 female volunteers 2. Evaluated the efficacy of Muttaijow ComplexTM effect of 5-week treatment on hydration of skin by corneometry, on elasticity with the cutometer, and on pigmentation with themexameteron for a group of 7 female volunteers, Microscopic studies of hair strength and nail growth. In study 1-Participants were predominantly satisfied with the effects obtained on general face (100% volunteers satisfied) and body (94% volunteers satisfied) skin condition and skin properties (100% volunteers satisfied with facial skin softness, 95% with facial skin hydration, 83% of facial skin brightness and 89% with body skin hydration) and partly with effects on hair (65-70%volunteers satisfied) and nail appearance (70% volunteers satisfied) and improvement in brittle nails. In this open-label 5 weeks study, Oral Microcore’s Muttaijow ComplexTM ingestion was associated with a significant improvement in skin appearance such as increase skin hydration and skin elasticity, reduces skin pigmentation after 5 weeks treatment and facial skin tone, with significant impact on hair thickness, reduces split ends, hair loss, hair breakage and improvement in hair growth after 5 weeks treatment, increase of 12% nail growth rate and a decrease of 42% brittle nails after 6 weeks. Microcore’s Muttaijow ComplexTM achieved significant change improvement in skin, hair and nail appearance (thickness/density) than control group (without oral supplements intake) by week 12 of the study. From the result analysis, Microcore’s Muttaijow ComplexTM is deemed to be one of the most effective anti-aging products in cosmetic sector and overall physical appearance. Oral supplementation of 500mg/day of Microcore’s Muttaijow ComplexTM for 12 weeks is associated with significant improvement in the appearance of facial skin, hair and nail. Increases in skin hydration and skin elasticity with reduced pigmentation on skin were observed after 5 weeks treatment, which is a very important marker for skin aging. Also, significant impact on hair thickness, reduces split ends, hair loss, hair breakage and improvement in hair growth and healthy development of nails after 5 weeks treatment.

Helium plasma dermal resurfacing: VISIA CR assessment of facial spots, pores, and wrinkles-Preliminary findings.

ObjectivesEffects of low energy, single‐pass helium plasma dermal resurfacing (PDR) treatment on brown spots, enlarged pores, and wrinkles—preliminary findings.MethodsTwenty two subjects (64.6 ± 6.6 years) with Fitzpatrick Wrinkle and Elastosis Scale score (FWS) of ≤2 and seeking improvement of facial appearance were included in this subanalysis. All subjects received a single, one‐pass, full face, and low power helium PDR treatment. Standard digital images were collected using the VISIA‐CR (Canfield Scientific Inc.) at baseline and 3 months after treatment with images assessed for improvement in FWS and for improvements in brown spots, enlarged pores, and wrinkles by proprietary automated image processing algorithms.ResultsNearly all subjects demonstrated ≥1‐point improvement in FWS and also reported improvement per modified Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale query. The numbers of brown spots and enlarged pores decreased by 45.1% and 28.3%, respectively. Stratification of brown spots data by presence or absence of post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation revealed paradoxically conflicting data. The improvement detected in wrinkle area and mean wrinkle thickness was less pronounced with overall reductions of 13.4% and 4.8%, respectively. 37 Non‐serious adverse events (AEs) in 22 subjects were reported with most resolving within 14 days or less, and no serious AEs were observed.ConclusionsWhile longer‐term follow‐up is needed, these early study results show that one single‐pass, low energy helium PDR treatment improves facial skin appearance both qualitatively and quantitatively. Studies evaluating higher energy levels and multiple treatment passes are ongoing.

Behavioral Study on the Use of Cosmetics and Skin-Care Products among Female University Students in their 20s

Purpose: To correct misperceptions about makeup use among younger age groups and to support opportunities for education, this study analyzed makeup use and skin-care behavior among young people in their 20s. Methods: A survey was conducted among 130 female students living in Seoul/Gyeonggi Province concerning general characteristics, skin knowledge, and behavior. Frequency analysis was applied to the survey data using SPSS WIN 12.0 software for statistical processing. Result: Most of the surveyed females in their 20s used base (foundation makeup) to cover defects, and there was wide recognition that warm water should be used when washing the face. Use of a professional facial cleanser improved facial skin appearance. Because of the financial burden, however, most participants usually used self-administered skin-care. Facial massage and packs were widely used self-care treatments, and most respondents believed these treatments to be effective. The most common causes of side effects from cosmetic products involved the cleaning of cosmetic tools (p=0.022) and skin-care methods (p=0.005). Conclusion: This study provides guidelines for young cosmetic product users to overcome misinformation, incorrect usage and bad habits related to cosmetic products. This paper also provides information to a variety of cosmetic products, and by applying information, students could experience lower incidence of skin trouble when using cosmetic products.

How Does Ambivalence Appear in Women's Relationship to Cosmetics?

Some studies have subtly demonstrated the existence of a tension of ambivalence in women's subjective feelings while wearing makeup. This paper consists in analyzing how feelings of ambivalence towards cosmetics appear in women, and how women feel when they remove or put on cosmetics. The study consists of an online survey and a walk-along experience. The survey included 261 women, among these 229 cosmetics users and 32 non-users. It used the double-blank method while asking the participants to express their feelings about various situations evoking their facial appearance, such as looking at their face when being in front of the mirror. A multiple case analysis of four selected survey respondents has also been done in order to compare 2 regular users and 2 non-users in regard to their way of dealing with tension. The walk-along experience included interviews and observations in the following conditions according to the groups: 1. Removing makeup (for regular users) / wearing makeup (for non-regular users) in front of a mirror; 2. Walking outside in public; 3. Wearing makeup again (for regular users) / removing makeup again (for non-regular users) in front of a mirror. Our findings showed that ambivalent tension (in most users and non-users) was mostly visible through a divergence going from positive feelings (such as feelings of satisfaction) to negative, contradictive feelings and that some similarities were present between users' and non-users' tensions despite the context differences. Ambivalence is shown not only toward the "masked" face (i.e. face with makeup on it), but also the natural face. Makeup is therefore not necessary to experience a tension of ambivalence towards one's own face. However, the tensions revealed themselves as being rather minimal, as the "mask" is minimal itself. An interesting possible direction in future research would be to explore the origin of this ambivalence about the natural (unmasked) face, especially with regard to the appearance of facial skin including the worry about facial flaws such as acne spots.

Single-shot high-quality facial geometry and skin appearance capture

We propose a new light-weight face capture system capable of reconstructing both high-quality geometry and detailed appearance maps from a single exposure. Unlike currently employed appearance acquisition systems, the proposed technology does not require active illumination and hence can readily be integrated with passive photogrammetry solutions. These solutions are in widespread use for 3D scanning humans as they can be assembled from off-the-shelf hardware components, but lack the capability of estimating appearance. This paper proposes a solution to overcome this limitation, by adding appearance capture to photogrammetry systems. The only additional hardware requirement to these solutions is that a subset of the cameras are cross-polarized with respect to the illumination, and the remaining cameras are parallel-polarized. The proposed algorithm leverages the images with the two different polarization states to reconstruct the geometry and to recover appearance properties. We do so by means of an inverse rendering framework, which solves per texel diffuse albedo, specular intensity, and high-resolution normals, as well as global specular roughness considering the subsurface scattering nature of skin. We show results for a variety of human subjects of different ages and skin typology, illustrating how the captured fine-detail skin surface and subsurface scattering effects lead to realistic renderings of their digital doubles, also in different illumination conditions.

The effect of oral hydrolyzed eggshell membrane on the appearance of hair, skin, and nails in healthy middle-aged adults: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BackgroundMany over the counter and consumer packaged goods are promoted to enhance the appearance of hair, skin, and nails for the consumer. Nutrition is a major factor in affecting the health and appearance of hair, skin, and nails. In addition to how one eats, dietary supplementation may play a role in overall health and in the physical appearance.AimsIt was the aim of this study to objectively and subjectively evaluate the impacts of a nutritional intervention as compared to placebo on the appearances of hair, skin, and nails in healthy middle‐aged adults.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled study with 88 subjects randomized evenly to Study Product (BiovaBio™ 450 mg/d, n = 44) or Placebo (n = 44) for 12‐weeks. Outcome tests included TrichoScan HD (hair), Canfield Visia®‐CR (skin), modified FACE‐Q (skin), and anchored Likert Scales (nails).ResultsOral hydrolyzed eggshell membrane ingestion was associated with a significant improvement in facial skin appearance in crow's feet in 4 weeks and skin tone in 8 weeks, with significant impact on hair thickness, reduction in hair breakage and improvement in hair growth at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. There were no observed subjective improvements for nails (appearance, strength or growth). ConclusionsOral supplementation of 450 mg/d hydrolyzed eggshell membrane for 12 weeks is associated with improvement in the appearance of facial skin and hair.