Facial Nerve In Temporal Bone Research Articles

Clinical anatomy of greater petrosal nerve and its surgical importance

Background: Surgical approach towards greater petrosal nerve has to be done with caution as many surgeons are unfamiliar with the anatomy of the facial nerve. The anatomical landmarks selected must be reliable and above all easy to identify for identification of the greater petrosal nerve so as to avoid injury to the structures in the middle cranial fossa. Observation and Results: The present study is carried out on 100 temporal bones by examining the following measurements of the right and the left sides a) length of the hiatus for grater petrosal superficial nerve b) distance from superior petrosal sinus c) distance from lateral margin of middle cranial fossa d) arcuate eminence and e) distance from exit to the foramen ovale. Discussion: The anatomical landmarks selected must be reliable and above all easy to identify. Bony structures are more suitable than soft tissue or cartilaginous landmarks because of their rigid and reliable location. These anatomical landmarks will definitely help the surgeon while performing vidian nerve neurectomy and also the anatomical relationship of the facial nerve in temporal bone. The middle fossa approach involves a temporal craniotomy in cases of perineural spread of adenoid cystic carcinomas hence these anatomical landmarks will serve as useful guide for the surgeons and radiologists.

Book Review: The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery

Book Review: The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery

Microanatomical study of the horizontal segment of facial nerve in temporal bone

Objective To explore the microanatomy of the horizontal segment of the facial nerve (FN)in temporal bone and its adjacent structures,in order to provide microanatomical datag for the clinical works.Methods In 20 adult wet skull specimens(40 temporal bones),horizontal segment of FN and their adjacent structures in temporal bones were observed according to operational layers by simulating transmagtoid approach.Results The lenglh of the horizontal segment was[(8.85±1.01)(7.10～11.25)]mm;The diameter of the horizontal segment wag[(1.88±0.65(1.55～1.90)]mm;The angle opening towards anterior direction between horizontal segment and vertical segment wag[(115.5±6.89)(109.5～128.6)]..The ansh towards posterior direction between horizontal segment of FN and tympanic tegmen wag [(28.5±3.66)(25.8～31.5)°;The vertical distance from the cochlear form process to the horizontal segment of the FN wag[(1.89±0.58)(0.90～3.05)]mm;The vertical distance from the head of the stapes to the horizontal segment of the FN wag[(2.30±0.85)(1.97～3.11)]mm;The distance between the summit of pyramidal segment of FN and the apex of shor limb of incus wag 2.55±0.21(2.10-2.90)mm;The distance between the summit of pyramidal segment of FN and the eminence of the lateral semicircuiar canal wag[(2.86±0.31)(2.23～3.56)]mm;No branching or dislocated nerve of the horizontal segment of the FN wag found in all 40 cases.Five percent(2/40)distal part of the horizontal segment of FN tracks forward lateral to the eminence of the literal semicircular canal.Conclusion Geniculate ganglion,cochlearform process,stapes,tympanic tegmen,lateral semicircular canal,incus are important landmarks by which horizontal segment of FN might be located in manipulation of mastoid;The relations of horizontal segment of FN and its adjacent structures are complicated,compact.It will be good that the manipuliter absorb a great deal of anatomical knowledge about landmarks that can be used in locating horizontal segment of FN. Key words: Temporal bone; Facial nerve; Microanatomy

The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery

Otology & Neurotology: June 2008 - Volume 29 - Issue 4 - p 421 doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e318164cb9b

The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery ‐ by Mario Sanna, Tarek Khrais, Fernando Mancini, Alessandra Russo and Abdelkader Taibah

The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery ‐ by Mario Sanna, Tarek Khrais, Fernando Mancini, Alessandra Russo and Abdelkader Taibah

The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery. Maria Sanna, Tarek Khrais, Fernando Mancini, Alessandra Russo, and Abdelkader Taibah. New York, NY: Thieme Medical Publishers, 2006; 311 pp. $199.00.

<i>The Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone and Lateral Skull Base Microsurgery</i>. Maria Sanna, Tarek Khrais, Fernando Mancini, Alessandra Russo, and Abdelkader Taibah. New York, NY: Thieme Medical Publishers, 2006; 311 pp. $199.00.

Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Images of the Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone Using Multi-slice Scan CT

Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Images of the Facial Nerve in Temporal Bone Using Multi-slice Scan CT

The Blood Supply of the Facial Nerve in the Human Temporal Bone

The gross blood supply and intrinsic vascular anatomy of the facial nerve in the temporal bone are described, and their significance is discussed. At the vertical part of the facial nerve, the stylomastoid artery lies on its anteromedial side as far as the upper third of the nerve. The artery then loops around the lateral or medial side of the nerve, and divides into several branches. At the convex aspect of the genu, these branches anastomose with one another to form an arterial network, passing to the horizontal part. The petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery reaches the geniculate ganglion and forms a profuse, fine arterial network. The main arterial trunk extends toward the second bend in the nerve, but it never reaches the vertical part. Studies on the draining veins are also described. Duplication of blood vessels from different sources was seen at the horizontal part of the nerve. This would suggest a special vulnerability of this area to vascular injury, since in our topographical study of Bell's palsy within two weeks of its onset, 72 out of 117 cases (61.5%) were found to have suprastapedial lesions.