Faceted Classification Research Articles

Novel comprehensive unified classification system toward smart standardized built environment knowledge and low-risk international collaborations: UniCCC

The Construction Industry (CI) data is acknowledged to still be unstructured and high-dimensional. Efforts were undertaken to tackle this problem using regional Unified Classification Systems (UCSs). The study emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive international UCS to manage the growing trend of international collaborations within the CI and associated data risks. Existing UCSs exhibit significant inconsistencies, such as regional omissions, terminological disparities, and diverse data structuring, underscoring the need for a unified approach. Accordingly, using a 3-stage mixed method, the novel UCS ‘Unified Classification of Construction Components_ UniCCC’ was developed, comprising 4 phyla, 9 divisions, and 54 classes, and was shown to have good adaptability/scalability, structure/breakdown, clarity, codifiability, and inclusivity of the 11 key CI aspects. By addressing inconsistencies and smartly structuring CI knowledge from North America, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, using a faceted classification scheme aligned with ISO 12,006, and being developed using a conventional modeling language, UniCCC represents a significant advancement in UCSs, with promising implications for global CI practices and research, paving the way for new avenues in CI performance, innovation, and sustainability. It demonstrated efficiency in various CI aspects, including risk reduction, automation, and sustainability enhancement. As evidence of its performance, using UniCCC for scheduling might decrease up to 58.17%, 66.85%, and 31.74% of the related time, request for information, and omissions, respectively. The study suggests future research perspectives to explore UniCCC's applicability in different regions, its integration with emerging technologies, its proficiency metrics for different purposes, and strategies for organizational implementation.

The Relationship-building Role of Non-profit Organizations’ Communication on Social Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article examines how non-profit organizations communicate through social media to build relationships with stakeholders during one of the major fundraising events of the COVID-19 pandemic period. In order to achieve the research objective, we used mixed methods, such as a content analysis of selected non-profit organizations’ Facebook profiles, in-depth interviews, and research notes. We divided the collected research material following the facet classification proposed by Herring (2007). Therefore, we described user activity on selected Facebook official profiles which we found to coincide in character with affective publics, namely a group of stakeholders mobilized and united or divided through expressions of sentiments (Papacharissi, 2014). Our research results add to the literature on methods of enhancing organizations’ two-way communication with stakeholders.

CCLitBox. A Wikidata Gadget to Classify World Literature

The Wikidata gadget, CCLitBox, for the automated classification of literary authors and works by faceted classification and using Linked Open Data (LOD) is presented. The tool reproduces the classification algorithm of Class O Literature of the Colon Classification and uses data freely available in Wikidata to generate Colon Classification class numbers. CCLitBox is completely free and allows any user to classify literary authors and their works. It is also easily accessible to everyone. It also uses LOD (Linked Open Data) from Wikidata where available, but if data on an author and/or their works are not available in Wikidata to be used by CCLitBox, it can be freely added, even using semi-automatic tools such as OpenRefine. Finally, CCLitBox is ready for any collaborative and networked project.

Formation the set of combat capabilities parameters of the strike unmanned flight apparatus based on a faceted classification system

One of the main approaches to improving the strategy and tactics of the use of strike unmanned aircraft systems is the creation of a methodology for the formation of requirements for their combat capabilities in accordance with the place of the aircraft in the accepted classification system. Today, there are several classification systems for unmanned aircraft systems according to different principles. These classification systems complement each other, but none of them provides full coverage of the set of parameters that characterize an unmanned aircraft complex. There is an urgent need to combine various systems and principles of classification into a single organized system that covers all types and classes of unmanned aerial vehicles. types The facet system makes it possible to delineate the boundaries of the requirements for the combat capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles depending on their position in the classification system.
 The article provides a list and content of parameters of the combat capabilities of strike unmanned aerial systems and briefly considers the interrelationships between them. It is shown that the mass of the combat unit, which the aircraft is capable of carrying, is the basic criterion in the set of combat capabilities. This mass functionally depends on a number of factors, the main of which are the gross take-off weight, the passport duration of the flight and the cruising speed of the aircraft. The nature of this dependence was established on the basis of a statistical analysis of the combat and tactical-technical indicators of attack unmanned aerial vehicles weighing up to 250 kg, which are in service with a number of countries of the world.
 A method of forecasting the values of the parameters of the combat capabilities of strike unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed, depending on their place in the faceted classification system. The application of the method makes it possible to establish a relationship between the types of combat tasks and the types of aircraft suitable for solving them.

Facet Analysis: The Evolution of an Idea

Facets are widely encountered in information and knowledge organization, but there is much disparity in the use and understanding of concepts such as “facet,” “facet analysis,” and “faceted classification.” The paper traces the history of these ideas and how they have been employed in different contexts. What may be termed the classical school of faceted classification is given some prominence, through the ideas of Ranganathan and the Classification Research Group, but other interpretations are also explored. Attention is paid not only to the idea of what facet analysis is, and what purpose it serves, but also the language utilized to describe and explain it.

Concerns identified in code review: A fine-grained, faceted classification

Code review is a valuable software process that helps software practitioners to identify a variety of defects in code. Even though many code review tools and static analysis tools used to improve the efficiency of the process exist, code review is still costly.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПОНЯТТЯ ФІНАНСОВИЙ ТРЕЙДИНГ

Background. Financial trading is a crucial aspect of modern economies. Nowadays it is also a field of study that has received great attention from researchers and financial institutions worldwide. At the same time, the concept of financial trading has gradually become more complex against the background of globalization and the digital economy. The purpose of the article is to scientifically and comprehensively define the concept of "financial trading." To achieve this purpose, the following tasks were done: to construct the definition of financial trading; to generalize the characteristics of the main financial trading participants (individual traders, institutional investors, high-frequency traders, market makers, brokers, and sovereign wealth funds); to create a comprehensive classification of financial trading. Methods. During this research, a seven-stap methodology of definition construction by A. Starostina and V. Kravchenko was applied, a grouping method for dividing financial trading participants into categories, and a combination of hierarchical and faceted classification methods were used. Results. Consequently, a scientific definition of financial trading (including three components: essence, content, and result), a grouping of the main participants of financial trading (systemic and investment participants) and a comprehensive classification of financial trading were suggested. Conclusions. These findings are basic for financial regulators and market practitioners seeking to improve the efficiency, stability, and inclusiveness of financial trading. For academics, this study will contribute to the future research of seeking the profitability improvement of financial investment through financial trading and exploring the perspective development of financial trading technology.

The Standardization Method and Application of the BIM Model for Interchanges

Research on the standardization of interchange BIM components is required to encourage the use of BIM technology in interchange and quicken the development and improvement of relevant standards and specifications. The depth level of the model, classification, and coding of interchange BIM components, and the design and administration of the component library are the main topics of this work. First, the concept and main research content on the standardization of interchange BIM components were proposed. Second, the common forms of interchange were summarized. The basic components of interchanges include through lanes, ramps, connections, overpass bridges, and traffic safety facilities, and can be divided into 14 second-level components, such as the main line, the minor cross highway, the speed-change lane, etc. On this basis, a method for interchange BIM components classification based on faceted classification and a coding method based on a combination code was proposed. The model depth grading of the BIM component of the interchange was studied, and grading was carried out considering three aspects: the level of detail (LOD), geometric accuracy, and information level. Finally, the process of creating interchange BIM component libraries was proposed. The results showed that the interchange BIM components can adopt a three-level coding method, namely “the overall spatial code–classification code–instance code”, and the LOD, geometric accuracy, and information level of the interchange BIM components can be divided into four levels. Additionally, interchange BIM component libraries can be created using five steps: an overall plan of component resources, standard determination, component creation, component audit, component storage, and application.

The semantics of place-related questions

The trend to equip information systems with question-answering capabilities raises the design problem of deciding which questions a system should be able to answer. Typical solutions build on mining human conversations or logs from similar systems for question patterns. For the case of questions about geographic places, we present a complementary approach, showing how to derive possible questions from an ontology of spatial information and a classification of place facets. We argue that such an approach reduces the inherent and substantial data bias of current solutions. At a more general level, we provide a novel understanding of spatial questions and their role in designing and using spatial information systems.

Automated Classification Using Linked Open Data. A Case Study on Faceted Classification and Wikidata

The Wikidata gadget, CCLitBox, for the automated classification of literary authors and works by a faceted classification and using Linked Open Data (LOD) is presented. The tool reproduces the classification algorithm of class O Literature of the Colon Classification and uses data freely available in Wikidata to create Colon Classification class numbers. CCLitBox is totally free and enables any user to classify literary authors and their works; it is easily accessible to everybody; it uses LOD from Wikidata but missing data for classification can be freely added if necessary; it is readymade for any cooperative and networked project.

A knowledge organization framework for influencing tourism-centered place-making

PurposeThis study demonstrates the synthesis of a knowledge organization framework from tourist reviews and an ontological model with its implementation in graph database, which is based on this framework. The aim is to influence place-making outcomes at tourist destinations.Design/methodology/approachThe faceted classification approach has been used for generating and validating the framework based on online reviews about urban tourism parks. The framework was used to develop an ontology using Protégé ontology editor that was implemented using GraphDB.FindingsThree fundamental facet categories, namely Component, Aspect and Outcome, each consisting of several sub-facets, were synthesized from the analyses of the reviews. Besides helping in constructing the ontology, the analysis also helped in calculating an importance-score for the reviews that helped in ranked information retrieval.Research limitations/implicationsThe analyses of the reviews were done manually and may carry human bias. But it is robust as it is based on a canonical faceted methodology.Practical implicationsIt is envisaged that this study will help tourist destination planners in decision-making by easing the utilization of tourist generated reviews by the knowledge management systems they use. Opinions of tourists will be induced in destination planning thereby helping in the production of quality “places.”Originality/valueThe presented faceted framework aims to specifically aid knowledge organization pertaining to online reviews related to tourist destinations. The focus is on organizing knowledge to facilitate tourism development for better place-making outcomes, which is an important area of research though it has little contributions.

Migrating a complex classification scheme to the semantic web: expressing the Integrative Levels Classification using SKOS RDF

PurposeThe Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) is a comprehensive “freely faceted” knowledge organization system not previously expressed as SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System). This paper reports and reflects on work converting the ILC to SKOS representation.Design/methodology/approachThe design of the ILC representation and the various steps in the conversion to SKOS are described and located within the context of previous work considering the representation of complex classification schemes in SKOS. Various issues and trade-offs emerging from the conversion are discussed. The conversion implementation employed the STELETO transformation tool.FindingsThe ILC conversion captures some of the ILC facet structure by a limited extension beyond the SKOS standard. SPARQL examples illustrate how this extension could be used to create faceted, compound descriptors when indexing or cataloguing. Basic query patterns are provided that might underpin search systems. Possible routes for reducing complexity are discussed.Originality/valueComplex classification schemes, such as the ILC, have features which are not straight forward to represent in SKOS and which extend beyond the functionality of the SKOS standard. The ILC's facet indicators are modelled as rdf:Property sub-hierarchies that accompany the SKOS RDF statements. The ILC's top-level fundamental facet relationships are modelled by extensions of the associative relationship – specialised sub-properties of skos:related. An approach for representing faceted compound descriptions in ILC and other faceted classification schemes is proposed.

Orthogonality, dependency, and music: An exploration of the relationships between music facets

AbstractThe classification of Western art music is a complex area of knowledge organization, yet the reasons for those complexities have not been fully studied. This research dissects the concept of orthogonality, in particular regard to music classification. Orthogonality (antonym: dependency) means that one facet acts independently from another facet. Although orthogonality is an assumed quality of facets, it has attracted relatively little attention in knowledge organization discourse. This research utilizes bibliographic classification schemes, musicological writings, and musical works to analyze orthogonality in music classification. The relationships between the medium, form/genre, and function facets are unpicked and a strong dependency is found between these facets. Whether this orthogonality exists as a construct of faceted classification or stems from the domain knowledge is explored. Furthermore, the analysis initiates new thinking about the general concept of orthogonality. The idea of a spectrum of dependency is proposed. In addition, novel, orthogonality‐derived phenomena are discussed—“dynamic facets” and “meta‐dependency”—where the boundary between what is and is not a facet is blurred. The concluding model visualizes the chain of dependencies between music facets, ultimately showing how the lack of orthogonality plays a key role in the complexity and issues found in music classification.

O uso de figuras de linguagens do domínio da lesbiandade no acervo fotográfico do Lesbian Herstory Archives: uma proposta de taxonomia

Objetivo: Explorar os termos metafóricos empregados na representação temática (assunto) em uma amostra de fotografias do Lesbian Herstory Archives (LHA), no intuito de organizá-los semanticamente para o ambiente web. Método: Utiliza o metafiltro proposto por Orrico (2001b), baseado na Classificação Facetada de Ranganathan, para categorizar as figuras de linguagem selecionadas por meio de sua Essência, Função e Modo, e, a partir disso, estabelecer as características que nortearão os renques e as cadeias da proposta taxonômica.Resultado: Demonstra que a comunidade lésbica utiliza as figuras de linguagem como meio de afirmação de identidade. Aponta a urgência de soluções práticas que corrijam os desvios na representação de assunto sobre lésbicas e propõe uma estrutura taxonômica baseada em figuras de linguagem que proporcione visibilidade em ambiente web.Conclusões: Destaca a necessidade e a urgência das discussões sobre gênero e sexualidade no contexto da representação temática, principalmente no que diz respeito a lesbiandade e a representação das lésbicas e das suas relações afetivo-sexuais, de forma que essa comunidade discursiva se veja eticamente representada nos instrumentos de controle de vocabulário.

Exploiting pivot words to classify and summarize discourse facets of scientific papers

The ever-increasing number of published scientific articles has prompted the need for automated, data-driven approaches to summarizing the content of scientific articles. The Computational Linguistics Scientific Document Summarization Shared Task (CL-SciSumm 2019) has recently fostered the study and development of new text mining and machine learning solutions to the summarization problem customized to the academic domain. In CL-SciSumm, a Reference Paper (RP) is associated with a set of Citing Papers (CPs), all containing citations to the RP. In each CP, the text spans (i.e., citances) have been identified that pertain to a particular citation to the RP. The task of identifying the spans of text in the RP that most accurately reflect the citance is addressed using supervised approaches. This paper proposes a new, more effective solution to the CL-SciSumm discourse facet classification task, which entails identifying for each cited text span what facet of the paper it belongs to from a predefined set of facets. It proposes also to extend the set of traditional CL-SciSumm tasks with a new one, namely the discourse facet summarization task. The idea behind is to extract facet-specific descriptions of each RP consisting of a fixed-length collection of RP’s text spans. To tackle both the standard and the new tasks, we propose machine learning supported solutions based on the extraction of a selection of discriminating words, called pivot words. Predictive features based on pivot words are shown to be of great importance to rate the pertinence and relevance of a text span to a given facet. The newly proposed facet classification method performs significantly better than the best performing CL-SciSumm 2019 participant (i.e., the classification accuracy has increased by + 8%), whereas regression methods achieved promising results for the newly proposed summarization task.

Multiplicity of Research Programs in the Biological Systematics: A Case for Scientific Pluralism

Biological diversity (BD) explored by biological systematics is a complex yet organized natural phenomenon and can be partitioned into several aspects, defined naturally with reference to various causal factors structuring biota. These BD aspects are studied by particular research programs based on specific taxonomic theories (TTs). They provide, in total, a framework for comprehending the structure of biological systematics and its multi-aspect relations to other fields of biology. General principles of individualizing BD aspects and construing TTs as quasi-axiomatics are briefly considered. It is stressed that each TT is characterized by a specific combination of interrelated ontological and epistemological premises most adequate to the BD aspect a TT deals with. The following contemporary research programs in systematics are recognized and characterized in brief: phenetic, rational (with several subprograms), numerical, typological (with several subprograms), biosystematic, biomorphic, phylogenetic (with several subprograms), and evo-devo. From a scientific pluralism perspective, all of these research programs, if related to naturally defined particular BD aspects, are of the same biological and scientific significance. They elaborate “locally” natural classifications that can be united by a generalized faceted classification.

MULTI-ASPECT CLASSIFICATION METHOD FOR VERIFICATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL INFORMATION MODELS OF OBJECTS OF GENERAL PLANNING

The introduction of digital technologies in the construction industry requires a revision of approaches to information modeling and planning of development areas (TPZ). The need for innovation in the process of general planning of the technical and vocational education by moving from a three-dimensional model to an object-oriented multidimensional information model entails the use of new information technologies in the construction industry and in the field of quality control of project documentation. The study determines the appropriateness of applying the multi-faceted facet classification method to verify the information model of the TPZ and general planning objects (GP) at each stage of the life cycle (LC) of the construction object. Five stages of the development of the BIM model of the TPZ are considered and the input and output data of the models of GP objects for each stage of the LC are found – concept, design, construction, operation and reconstruction. To classify the verification of information models of GP objects, five features were identified, on the basis of which the corresponding facets were formed. It is proved that the availability of the verification tool for the BIM model of the TPZ at the construction stage for the customer is a powerful management tool that will allow you to resolve conflicts and find solutions that affect the further progress of the construction and its successful completion, and for the future consumer of construction products during operation it will be the key to the safety of the built object.

FORMATION OF INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING BY FIXED ASSETS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Introduction. In today's market conditions, skillful and careful organization of the process of management and accounting in the agricultural sector of the economy becomes an essential factor in the efficient and rational use of fixed assets. Therefore, well-organized management and accounting of fixed assets at agricultural enterprises should be a holistic, unified system of interconnected, mutually agreed ways and methods. Methods. The methodological basis of scientific work is the following methods of cognition of economic phenomena. The following methods are applied, in particular: theoretical comparison – to build a facet-hierarchical classification model of fixed assets; tabular and graphic method – in order to visually display factual information; method of expert evaluations – in the development of methodological provisions for evaluating the choice and implementation of information technology for the management and accounting of fixed assets; abstract and logical, causal relations, description, concretization, formalization – for the formation of a system of management accounting and documenting the movement of fixed assets. Results. A comprehensive system of accounting for fixed assets at agricultural enterprises is proposed on the basis of generalized views of scientists on the organization of the management process, which provides maximum efficiency in the use of fixed assets with minimal costs for their maintenance and service. The key components and principles of the process of management and accounting of fixed assets, which became a prerequisite for building a classification of information on certain grounds, were determined. A faceted classification of fixed assets of an agricultural enterprise to assess the quality of their use is developed for this purpose. Discussion. The submitted proposals will improve the quality of management accounting of fixed assets through the development of its promising components, in particular, on the basis of facet-hierarchical classification of analytical display of information about their objects at all stages of the life cycle. An important achievement in this regard will be the creation of software products that allow you to quickly process information and respond instantly to the needs of management. Accordingly, work on their creation requires appropriate research in the future. Keywords: management, accounting, fixed assets, agricultural enterprises, organizational and information system, faceted classification.

Training ensembles of faceted classification models for quantitative stock trading

Forecasting the stock markets is among the most popular research challenges in finance. Several quantitative trading systems based on supervised machine learning approaches have been presented in literature. Recently proposed solutions train classification models on historical stock-related datasets. Training data include a variety of features related to different facets (e.g., stock price trends, exchange volumes, price volatility, news and public mood). To increase the accuracy of the predictions, multiple models are often combined together using ensemble methods. However, understanding which models should be combined together and how to effectively handle features related to different facets within different models are still open research questions. In this paper we investigate the use of ensemble methods to combine faceted classification models for supporting stock trading. To this aim, separate classification models are trained on each subset of features belonging to the same facet. They produce trading signals tailored to a specific facet. Signals are then combined together and filtered to generate a unified, multi-faceted recommendation. The experimental validation, performed on different markets and in different conditions, shows that, in many cases, some of the faceted models perform as good as or better than models trained on a mix of different features. An ensemble of the faceted recommendations makes the generated trading signals more profitable yet robust to draw-down periods.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ НАУЧНЫХ ПОДХОДОВ И РАЗРАБОТКА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ НОРМАТИВНО-СПРАВОЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific approaches to the classification of reference books and coding of titles. As a result of the analysis, recommendations were given on the use of the facet classification method and the ordinal coding method in creating a reference system for technological and engineering equipment of machine-building enterprises.