Fabrication Of Photonic Crystal Devices Research Articles

Reconfigurable plasma-dielectric hybrid photonic crystal as a platform for electromagnetic wave manipulation and computing

The introduction of 3D printing has enabled fabrication of photonic crystal devices with complex crystal structures that would be challenging to construct using other fabrication methods. In this paper, we construct and characterize a photonic crystal consisting of two 4 × 8 × 8 cubic lattices composed of spherical silicon nitride elements straddling a layer of 8 plasma discharge tubes, creating a 3D hybrid plasma photonic crystal device. Integrating under-dense gaseous plasma elements provides a unique coupling dynamic between the dielectric spheres and the cylindrical plasma discharges, creating a monolithic hybrid photonic crystal with solid state and reconfigurable elements. The device has resonant modes that have attenuation peaks that are either switchable, tunable in amplitude, or tunable in frequency with variations in plasma density. The response of these bands seen with varying plasma density is confirmed through simulations when effects due to the heating of the photonic crystal from the gaseous plasma elements are accounted for in the experiments. We discuss how this reconfigurable device may be used and expanded upon for applications in photonic artificial neural networks and optical computing systems.

Photonic crystal devices: some basics and selected topics

AbstractThis review article is concerned with basic aspects and some selected topics in photonic crystal (PhC) devices. It starts with a significantly historical aspect of basic principles for photonic crystals that it is hoped will help the reader to develop a critical appreciation of the research literature. It continues by describing topics such as PhC beamsplitters, slow‐light structures, micro‐/nanoresonators, coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) and PhC‐based semiconductor lasers. Emphasis is placed on both the conceptual and the practical matters that need to be addressed in order to fulfill the tasks of designing and realizing devices that exploit photonic crystal principles. The review also addresses some of the problems encountered in the fabrication of photonic crystal devices using the planar technologies of integrated photonics, which are those that are most likely to be used in future commercial production.

Calculation of photonic band-gap of one dimensional photonic crystal

Photonic crystal is a composite dielectric with periodic modulation of refractive index that brings about unique photonic band-gap effect by which light could be totally reflected on the surface of such material regardless of any incident angle or mode. Many applications based on this mechanism have been developed and introduced into new waveguides. Such band-gap effect could be understood by investigating the optical performance of one dimensional photonic crystal. In this paper, the principle of band-gap effect of one dimension photonic crystal is firstly explained by Bragg reflection, the band-gap centre is obtained; then the modelling of band-gap of one dimension photonic crystal is conducted as well, the result is in agreement with the Bragg results and shows that the centre of photonic band-gap shifts to larger wavelength with higher refractive index (RI) ratio or dimension ratio between the two component dielectrics, but the involved boundary condition in simulation leads to higher onset RI ratio (3.5) responsible for the presence of photonic band-gap. This work would be useful to the design and fabrication of photonic crystal devices.