Extraction Of Residues Research Articles

Segmentation and Proportion Extraction of Crop, Crop Residues, and Soil Using Digital Images and Deep Learning

Conservation tillage involves covering the soil surface with crop residues after harvest, typically through reduced or no-tillage practices. This approach increases the soil organic matter, improves the soil structure, prevents erosion, reduces water loss, promotes microbial activity, and enhances root development. Therefore, accurate information on crop residue coverage is critical for monitoring the implementation of conservation tillage practices. This study collected “crop–crop residues–soil” images from wheat-soybean rotation fields using mobile phones to create calibration, validation, and independent validation datasets. We developed a deep learning model named crop–crop residue–soil segmentation network (CCRSNet) to enhance the performance of cropland “crop–crop residues–soil” image segmentation and proportion extraction. The model enhances the segmentation accuracy and proportion extraction by extracting and integrating shallow and deep image features and attention modules to capture multi-scale contextual information. Our findings indicated that (1) lightweight models outperformed deeper networks for “crop–crop residues–soil” image segmentation. When CCRSNet employed a deep network backbone (ResNet50), its feature extraction capability was inferior to that of lighter models (VGG16). (2) CCRSNet models that integrated shallow and deep features with attention modules achieved a high segmentation and proportion extraction performance. Using VGG16 as the backbone, CCRSNet achieved an mIoU of 92.73% and a PA of 96.23% in the independent validation dataset, surpassing traditional SVM and RF models. The RMSE for the proportion extraction accuracy ranged from 1.05% to 3.56%. These results demonstrate the potential of CCRSNet for the accurate, rapid, and low-cost detection of crop residue coverage. However, the generalizability and robustness of deep learning models depend on the diversity of calibration datasets. Further experiments across different regions and crops are required to validate this method’s accuracy and applicability for “crop–crop residues–soil” image segmentation and proportion extraction.

Role of extractive compounds in emulsion stabilisation capacity of wood hemicelluloses

Abstract Hemicellulose-rich extracts obtained by pressurised hot water extraction of wood residues show promise as emulsion stabilisers. However, pressurised hot water extracts (PHWEs) from wood also contain lower molecular weight extractive components that may influence emulsion performance. This study investigated the effect of extractives on emulsion stability using PHWEs obtained from spruce and birch sawdust with or without solvent pre-extraction. The results indicated that extractives negatively affect the physical stability of emulsions in both spruce and birch and influence oxidative stability in spruce after prolonged storage. However, the roles of different extractives in emulsion performance require further investigation.

Two-pot synthesis of polypyrrole‐coated rubber foam for the extraction of carbendazim residue in orange juice

Natural rubber foam was coated with polypyrrole (PPy) via a rapid two-pot synthesis. This PPy-coated rubber foam was used as sorbent for the solid-phase extraction of carbendazim in fresh orange juice. The extracted carbendazim was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Under the optimal conditions, the method exhibited linearity in the range of 25–1000 µg kg−1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 24.1 µg kg−1 and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 80.5 µg kg−1. Good reproducibility (RSD < 2.5 %, n = 6) and good reusability (RSD < 3.8 %, n = 10) were achieved. The sorbent was applied to extract carbendazim in fresh orange juice. Accuracy was excellent and recoveries were attained from 81.6 % to 104.8 %. The found carbendazim in real samples ranged from 40.0 µg kg−1 to 101.1 µg kg−1. The developed sorbent can be produced in large quantities at a reasonable cost and utilized as an environmentally friendly sorbent for the extraction of pesticides and other trace organic substances.

Silver nanoparticles synthesized with green methods using spruce plant extract and their synergistic antibacterial activity

Abstract This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using spruce needle extract, comparing the performance of AgNPs with residual plant extract to that of purified AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed nanoparticles mostly spherical in shape with an average diameter ranging from 16.8nm (nanoparticles in plant extract medium) to 22.6 (pure nanoparticles). Antibacterial tests with the food product showed that the nanoparticles in the plant extract completely inhibited the growth of microorganisms, while in the case of pure nanoparticles a slight microbial growth was observed (34, 7, 41 colonies). This antibacterial activity may be due to the synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles with bioactive compounds found in spruce needle extract - phenolic compounds, flavonoids. They can act as a stabilising medium for nanoparticles and enhance the interaction with bacteria. Also, the high temperatures used purify nanoparticles could cause sticking and agglomeration of the particles, reducing their antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that the use of plant extracts is rational for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, and is applicable in the food industry, where effective and non-hazardous antibacterial agents are required.

Tracing the geographic origin of wood in pulp and paper by GC-MS analysis of extractives

Abstract This study explores the application of chemotaxonomic methods to trace the geographic origin of wood used in paper production. Utilizing thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) and principal component analysis (PCA), distinct chemical profiles were identified in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic extracts. Residual wood extractives, that are capable of origin differentiation, were found in acetone extracts of the CITES-protected genus ramin (Gonystylus Teijsm. et Binn. spp.), petroleum ether extracts of red meranti (Rubroshorea (Meijer) P.S.Ashton et J.Heck. spp.) and n-hexane extracts of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) pulp. The PCA results demonstrate the potential of these chemical fingerprints to serve as reliable indicators of wood provenance, which could potentially be crucial for the practical execution of the European Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) and the US Lacey Act in the paper industry. Despite the promising findings for ramin and teak, the effectiveness of the method to distinguish the origin of red meranti pulps was limited in some cases.

A Study on Filter-Based Adversarial Image Classification Models

In view of the fact that adversarial examples can lead to high-confidence erroneous outputs of deep neural networks, this study aims to improve the safety of deep neural networks by distinguishing adversarial examples. A classification model based on filter residual network structure is used to accurately classify adversarial examples. The filter-based classification model includes residual network feature extraction and classification modules, which are iteratively optimized by an adversarial training strategy. Three mainstream adversarial attack methods are improved, and adversarial samples are generated on the Mini-ImageNet dataset. Subsequently, these samples are used to attack the EfficientNet and the filter-based classification model respectively, and the attack effects are compared. Experimental results show that the filter-based classification model has high classification accuracy when dealing with Mini-ImageNet adversarial examples. Adversarial training can effectively enhance the robustness of deep neural network models.

Study on the Repair Performance and Carbon Emission Analysis of Magnesium Phosphate Cement Prepared from Lithium Extraction Residue

Study on the Repair Performance and Carbon Emission Analysis of Magnesium Phosphate Cement Prepared from Lithium Extraction Residue

Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) Pod Residue: A Source of Phenolic Compounds as Valuable Biomolecules.

This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition and a selected group of bioactivities of jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) pod residue. An aqueous extract (deionized water; AE) and a hydroethanolic extract (ethanol: deionized water, 70:30 v/v; ETOH) were obtained via maceration. Ten phenolic compounds were characterized via LC-DAD-ESI/MSn: seven procyanidins, two quercetin derivatives and one taxifolin derivative, with dimers and trimers of procyanidins being the main components of both extracts. Total phenolic compound levels of 2.42 ± 0.06 and 11 ± 1 mg/g were found in AE and ETOH, respectively; however, only seven compounds were identified in ETOH. The jatoba pod residue extracts showed notable antioxidant activities: ETOH had greater antioxidant potential in the OxHLIA and DPPH assays (IC50 = 25.4 μg/mL and 0.71 μg/mL, respectively); however, EA demonstrated greater potential in the FRAP system (IC50 = 2001.0 µM TE/mg). Only AE showed antiproliferative potential, being effective against cell lines of gastric (GI50 = 35 ± 1 µg/mL) and breast (GI50 = 89 ± 4 µg/mL) adenocarcinomas. Likewise, only AE showed modest anti-inflammatory potential (IC50 = 225 ± 2 µg/mL) in mouse macrophages. Bacteriostatic effects against bacteria were exerted by both extracts. Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes (MICs = 2.5 mg/mL) were especially sensitive to the ETOH extract. Taken together, the results suggest potential for jatoba pod residue as a source of molecules with biological activities and with possible industrial applications.

Sustainable use of agricultural residues to improve corn silage quality: Co-ensiling with oregano oil residues

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of oregano essential oil extraction residues (ORES) on the fermentation quality of corn silage. Non-fungal infected (NFI) and fungal infected (FI) corn were ensiled with 20% (wet weight) of ORES for 180 d. The inclusion of ORES delayed pH decline regardless of fungal infection. The inclusion of ORES did not adversely affect lactic acid (LA) production in NFI silages but retarded the initial LA fermentation of FI silages. Co-ensiling corn with ORES significantly decreased ethanol content. Co-ensiling FI corn with ORES significantly increased the fungal Chao1 and Shannon indices compared to FI-CON silages but did not affect the bacterial Chao1 and Shannon indices. The fungal infection aggravated the risk of Paenibacillus and Clostridium contamination, which was mitigated by co-ensiling with ORES. In conclusion, fungal infection suppressed ensiling fermentation, and heightened the risk of proliferation of undesirable bacteria, while ORES relieved these risks. Ensiling ORES with corn as forages is a potential and promising strategy for the efficient reusing of agro-industrial waste.

Determination of strobilurin fungicides residual in vegetables based on amino modified magnetic graphene oxide solid phase extraction coupled with GC–MS/MS

This research investigated the creation and utilization of an amino-functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (Fe₃O₄-NH₂@GO) nanocomposite as a selective sorbent for extracting and identifying strobilurin fungicides (SFs) from vegetable samples. The investigation utilized a method where magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) was integrated with Gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC–MS/MS) for analysis. The physicochemical properties of synthesized sorbent were characterized using Scanning electron microscope (SEM) , Fourier infrared transform spectrum (FT-IR) , X Ray Diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. The adsorption performance of Fe₃O₄-NH₂@GO aligned with the pseudo-second-order kinetics, Elovich, and Freundlich isothermal adsorption models, suggesting various interactions with SFs, including π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic forces. The maximum adsorption capacity of two selected representative SFs (Picoxystrobin and E-metominostrobin) for the adsorbent were 55.85 mg/g and 47.35 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the amino group exhibited notable potential for SFs adsorption. Parameters for MSPE, such as the quantity of sorbent, adsorption duration, eluent types and volumes, and sample pH, were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the developed method showed satisfactory performance within a range of 10 to 2000 µg L⁻¹ (R² ≥ 0.9969), low detection limits (0.01–0.080 µg/kg), high analyte recovery (80.5–104.3 %), and good precision (RSD ≤ 4.96 %, n = 6). This method is rapid, straightforward, environmentally friendly, demonstrates good sensitivity and providing a new perspectives on developing sorbents for SFs in complex food matrices. Also Fe₃O₄-NH₂@GO as a sorbent firstly used for extraction and enrichment of phenyl fungicides residues in food samples exhibits remarkable promise, thereby contributing to the advancement of pesticides residue determination methodologies.

Mild degradation of corncob extraction residue in a novel sodium metavanadate and aqueous hydrogen peroxide/acetic anhydride system for monophenolic compounds

A novel sodium metavanadate and aqueous hydrogen peroxide/acetic anhydride system, was used to convert corncob extraction residue (CCER) for producing monophenolic compounds (MPCs). The system demonstrates excellent performance for producing MPCs in a high yield from CCER and CCER conversion to soluble portion (SP) is ca. 97.7 wt%. According to multiple analyses the SP is rich in aromatics. The system is also effective for oxidatively degrading other lignin-rich raw materials to produce aromatics as the main products. In the initial step, H2O2 breaks a >C-O- bond in a peroxy chain of lignin structure to produce phenylpropanoid, followed by H2O2 attacking Cβ and Cα to produce H, G, and S-type aromatics.

Improved Early-Stage Maize Row Detection Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery

Monitoring row centerlines during early growth stages is essential for effective production management. However, detection becomes more challenging due to weed interference and crop row intersection in images. This study proposed an enhanced Region of Interest (ROI)-based approach for detecting early-stage maize rows. It integrated a modified green vegetation index with a dual-threshold algorithm for background segmentation. The median filtering algorithm was also selected to effectively remove most noise points. Next, an improved ROI-based feature point extraction method was used to eliminate residual noises and extract feature points. Finally, the least square method was employed to fit the row centerlines. The detection accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated using the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image data set containing both regular and intersecting crop rows. The average detection accuracy of the proposed approach was between 0.456° and 0.789° (the angle between the fitted centerline and the expert line), depending on whether crop rows were regular/intersecting. Compared to the Hough Transform (HT) algorithm, the results demonstrated that the proposed method achieved higher accuracy and robustness in detecting regular and intersecting crop rows. The proposed method in this study is helpful for refined agricultural management such as fertilization and irrigation. Additionally, it can detect the missing-seedling regions and replenish seedings in time to increase crop yields.

Complete extraction of main pancreatic duct residual and microstones using an 8-wire basket catheter

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), pancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are primary treatments for symptomatic main pancreatic duct (MPD) stones. However, incomplete clearance of residual/microstones post-treatment may cause symptom recurrence. We hypothesized that the 8-wire biliary basket catheter could be suitable for MPD stone extraction and aimed to analyze its ability to achieve more complete clearance of MPD residual/microstones. Patients suspected to have MPD residual/microstones ≤5 mm because of abdominal symptoms, computed-tomography examination results, and pancreatography results after previous therapy, including ERCP, EHL, and ESWL, were retrospectively enrolled. Patients with severe MPD stenosis/biliary obstruction requiring ERCP drainage were excluded. Extraction of residual/microstones was attempted using an 8-wire basket that is widely expandable in the narrow pancreatic duct and can capture and sweep stones in the narrow pancreatic duct. Technical success was defined as the extraction of residual/microstones. The primary outcome was the technical success rate. Secondary outcomes were therapeutic details of stone extraction using the 8-wire basket catheter, including symptom improvements. The technical success rate was 100% for seven patients; 1–8 residual/microstones were extracted. An improvement was observed in five patients with symptoms after the previous therapy. Three patients underwent residual stone extraction after extraction using a dedicated basket. No patient experienced symptom recurrence during the 270-day follow-up period. The 8-wire basket resulted in successful MPD residual/microstone extraction and pancreatic symptom improvement. This method may prevent symptom recurrence caused by incomplete residual/microstone clearance.

Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Hybrid Rye Ground to Two Particle Sizes and Fed With or Without Multienzyme Supplement to Young Growing Pigs.

A newly developed hybrid rye with enhanced ergot resistance has potential as an alternative energy source for pigs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of particle size (PS) and multienzyme supplement (MES) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs. Bono and Gatano, two hybrid rye varieties, were ground to either a coarse (1111 and 1210 μm) or a fine (594 and 717 μm) PS using a hammer mill. Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW = 18.2 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a replicated 9 × 3 incomplete Latin square design to give six observations per treatment. Among the nine experimental diets, eight featured two hybrid rye varieties (Bono or Gatano), either coarsely or finely ground, as the only source of AA with or without MES, while an N-free diet was used to estimate the endogenous losses of AA at the distal ileum. All diets contained titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. Each period lasted 9 days, with the first 5 days being for adaptation followed by 2 days each for faecal and ileal digesta collection. Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, with the final model having variety, PS, MES, their two-way interactions, and a three-way interaction. No interactions were noted except that the apparent ileal digestibility and SID of crude protein (CP) and most AA in Gatano had greater effects of MES than Bono (Variety × MES; p < 0.05). The ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) and CP were greater (p < 0.05) in Bono diets than in Gatano diets. Finely ground hybrid rye diets had higher (p < 0.05) ATTD of neutral detergent fibre assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash (NDF) and ether extract compared to coarsely ground hybrid rye diets. Dietary MES supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, acid detergent fibre expressed inclusive of residual ash, and ash in hybrid rye diets. In conclusion, the nutrients digestibility of hybrid rye can be affected by its variety. PS reduction improved the nutrient digestibility in hybrid rye, and MES supplementation improved the energy and AA digestibility in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs.

A Non-Contact AI-Based Approach to Multi-Failure Detection in Avionic Systems

The increasing electrification and integration of advanced controls in modern aircraft designs have significantly raised the number and complexity of installed printed circuit boards (PCBs), posing new challenges for efficient maintenance and rapid failure detection. Despite self-diagnostic features in current avionics systems, circuit damage and multiple simultaneous failures may arise, compromising safety and diagnostic accuracy. To address these challenges, this paper aims to develop a fast, accurate, and non-destructive, multi-failure diagnosis algorithm for PCBs. The proposed method combines a self-attention mechanism with an adaptive graph convolutional neural network to enhance diagnostic precision. A convolutional neural network with residual connections extracts features from scalar magnetic field data, ensuring robust input diversity. The model was tested on a typical dual-phase amplitude boosting circuit with up to four different simultaneous failures, achieving the experimental results of 99.08%, 98.50%, 98.78%, 98.01%, 98.93%, 98.25%, 97.03%, and 99.77% across metrics including overall precision, per-class precision, overall recall, per-class recall, overall F1 measure, and per-class F1 measure. The results demonstrated its effectiveness and feasibility in diagnosing complex PCBs with multiple failures, indicating the algorithm’s potential to improve failure diagnosis performance and offer a promising PCB diagnosis solution in aerospace applications.

Analysis, Quantification and Identification of Pesticides from Lettuce in Ouagadougou City (Burkina Faso)

In Burkina Faso, chemical inputs are used massively in market gardening to increase the yields. The misuse of these chemicals is responsible of contamination of market garden products, leading to the rapid rotting of vegetables. The objective of this study was to determine the pesticides in chemical inputs applied on vegetables produced in Ouagadougou City. To do this, lettuce has been sampled from producers in three sites (Tanghin, Boulmiougou and Kossodo) and pesticides amounts have been analyzed using Gas Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Chemical analyses have carried out on three lettuce samples and the extraction of chemical input residues was done according to QuEChERS (Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe) method. Results revealed the presence of six (06) pesticide molecules (chlordimeform, quintozene, lindane, cypermethrin, α-cypermethrin, δ-deltamethrin) in Boulmiougou sample, four (04) molecules (methomyl, cypermethrin, α-cypermethrin, δ-deltamethrin) in Kossodo sample and three (03) molecules (cypermethrin, α-cypermethrin, δ-deltamethrin) in Tanghin sample. In this regard, analysis of pesticide amount revealed that the quantity of molecules was acceptable for the consumer, but these pesticides could contribute to the rapid rotting of our vegetables which generates economic and social losses for the country.

Evaluation of green residues management of selected grape varieties

The paper presents the possibilities of energy management of residues from the cultivation of grapes of the ‘Regent’, ‘Rondo’ and ‘Seyval Blanc’ cultivars. The research was conducted in southeastern Poland in the Sandomierska Upland in 2022. The aim of the research was to demonstrate the influence of grape variety on yield capacity in relation to the extraction of biomass residues in the form of leaves. An attempt was made to identify the variety that is characterised by obtaining the most effective and average parameters, i.e. yield size and quality, leaf mass and surface area, and their impact on energy and fuel parameters. The study analysed the following crop parameters, i.e. number and mass of grapes, number and mass of berries; leaf quality parameters, i.e. mass including petioles and area. An energy assessment in Laboratory in Department of Power Engineering and Transportation was carried out by performing proximate and ultimate analysis and estimating emission factors and volumetric composition of exhaust gas. The study showed that the material with the highest energy potential was characterised by ‘Regent’, while the lowest potential was shown for ‘Rondo’. Grapevines of the ‘Rondo’ cultivar were characterised by the highest obtained biomass among the evaluated varieties. The research showed that the most effective in practical cultivation is the use of the Regent variety, which was characterised by the average parameters of the obtained yield and growth values, and the highest fuel energy potential.

Ultrasound-assisted continuous flow synthesis of natural phenolic-coated Fe3O4 for magnetic solid phase extraction of tetracycline residues in honey

Waste rubber bark abundant in phenolics can be used to produce an adsorbent for the enrichment and determination of tetracycline. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) coated with naturally extracted phenolics from waste rubber bark were synthesized for the first time by ultrasound combined with a continuous flow approach. The production of Fe3O4 MNPs with effective contact surface areas (45.3 m2 g−1) was employed as a novel attractive sorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) to selectively preconcentrate oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline before HPLC-UV analysis. This MSPE-HPLC exhibited wide linear ranges (14.0–260.0 μg kg−1), with low limits of detection (10.0 μg kg−1) and quantitation (14.0–20.0 μg kg−1), and was successfully applied to quantify tetracycline residues in honey samples, with recoveries ranging from 81.3 % to 117.9 %. This method offers a potential alternative for determining tetracycline in food with a high enrichment factor, high precision, and more effective accuracy, selectivity, and sensitivity.

Physicochemical and Antioxidative Properties of Protein Hydrolysates from Residual Goat Placenta Extract by Two Different Methods.

Protein hydrolysates from the goat placenta provide multiple benefits, such as immune system enhancement, antioxidant activities, and reductions in uric acid levels. Despite these benefits, their industrial applications have been underexplored. This study aimed to prepare extract protein hydrolysates (GPERPs) from residual goat placenta extract (GPER) and assess their functional properties, focusing on how different drying methods influence these properties. The essential amino acid contents were 30.94% for the GPER and 34.11% for the GPERPs. Moreover, all the essential amino acids were present, and the amino acid score (AAS) for each exceeded 1.0 in the GPERPs. The foaming properties of the spray-dried GPERPs (95.56 ± 5.89%) were significantly greater than those of the freeze-dried GPERPs (49.13 ± 4.17%) at pH values of 4.0~10.0. The emulsion stability (ES) of the spray-dried GPERPs (453.44 ± 8.13 min) was notably greater than that of the freeze-dried GPERPs (245.58 ± 7.12 min). Furthermore, the water retention capacity (WRC) of the freeze-dried GPERPs (201.49 ± 6.12%) was significantly greater than that of the spray-dried GPERPs (103.35 ± 7.13%), except at pH 10.0 (101.44 ± 8.13%). Similarly, at pH values of 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0, the oil retention capacity (ORC) of the freeze-dried GPERPs (715.58 ± 12.15%) was significantly greater than that of the spray-dried GPERPs (560.56 ± 11.15%), although the opposite trend was noted under acidic conditions. In terms of the antioxidant activity, the ability of the goat placenta extract residual protein hydrolysates (GPERPs) to scavenge DPPH radicals and superoxide anion radicals increased with the increasing peptide powder concentration, and the maximum scavenging rates of the DPPH radicals (39.5 ± 0.56%) and superoxide anions (81.2 ± 0.54%) in the freeze-dried peptide powder were greater than those in the spray-dried peptide powder. These findings contribute to the understanding of the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of GPERPs under various drying methods and provide fundamental data for the development of functional foods based on GPERPs.

Effect of integrated pest management practices on the occurrence of pesticide residue in okra cultivated by farmers in Kwara state.

Integrated pest management (IPM) is a sustainable approach for minimizing the negative impacts of pests on crops while reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides. This study was conducted in Kwara State Nigeria in 2023, to investigate the effects of implementation of IPM practices on the occurrence of pesticide residues in okra cultivated by the farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria, and identify the factors affecting the use of IPM practices for pest control in okra production. A sample of 245 okra farmers was selected across 4 agricultural zones of Kwara State using a multistage sampling technique. Additionally, okra samples were collected from the farmers of each community of the local government areas. The data collected from the farmers were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC). The collected okra samples were taken to the laboratory for pesticide residue extraction and analysis was performed using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometer (MS). The results showed that most okra producers in Kwara State were smallholder farmers who, despite practicing IPM, had limited knowledge of the technology. Some pesticide residues were detected in okra, out of which two were present in quantities above the maximum residue limit, while others were below the maximum residue limit. Therefore, this study recommends that the government should improve extension services in the State by providing adequate funds and training extension agents who can provide comprehensive training to farmers on the types and application of IPM as an eco-friendly technology for preventing pesticide residue in okra.