Extraction Of Cu Research Articles

Improvement of recovery performance in the solvent extraction of Cu(II) using [bmim][Tf2N] and a β-diketone as extractant and its stripping with supercritical carbon dioxide

This study deals with the improvement of the recovery performance in the solvent extraction of Cu(II) using the ionic liquid [bmim][Tf2N] and the β-diketone 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione (TFA) as extractant and its stripping with supercritical carbon dioxide.This work describes a modified procedure, which shows better L-L extraction percentages with a decreasing of the concentration of TFA, the contacting time and the volumetric O/A ratio respect to the previously reported tests. Thus, the extraction was implemented with a concentration of TFA in [bmim][Tf2N] equal to 60molm−3, a contacting time of 5min and an O/A ratio equal to 1:7.The stripping of the metal complex from the organic phase was achieved in semi-continuous mode with scCO2. This configuration allowed obtaining a stripping percentage higher than the obtained with a previously tested procedure in batch mode with a consumption of CO2 4.3 times lower than the observed one in previous work.

Cross-linked graphene oxide sheets via modified extracted cellulose with high metal adsorption

We have studied the extraction of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from different types of aqueous solution by novel cross-linked graphene oxide sheets by modified extracted cellulose. The novel sorbent cellulose was extracted from the mangrove trees (Avicennia marina) and it was then grafted with acrylamide and immobilized by ethylenediamine for cross-linking process. The cross-linked graphene oxide sheets were identified by means of FT-IR, SEM and XRD. The adsorption studies of synthesized sorbent was optimized. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used for establish sorption equilibria. The cross-linked graphene oxide sheets showed maximum adsorption capacity 46.39 and 186.48mgg−1 for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The potential applications of this sorbent was applied to remove Cu(II) and Pb(II) metal ions from hard water samples by using a multi-stage micro-column technique.

A hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metal values from spent Cu–Cr catalyst

ABSTRACTThe Cu–Cr catalyst has been used in many chemical processes and dumped in the landfill after losing the catalytic property. Owing to the toxicity of chromium, the dumping of catalyst is not environmentally acceptable. So metal values should be removed before disposal. One typical Cu–Cr catalyst was leached with H2SO4 and from the leach liquor Cu and Cr were extracted using LIX 860N and NaD2EHPA, respectively. The McCabe–Thiele diagram at pH 3.5 with 20% LIX 860N indicated two stages at A:O = 1:1 for quantitative extraction of copper. The stripping of Cu was achieved by 10% H2SO4. After the extraction of Cu, the extraction of Cr was carried out with NaD2EHPA. The McCabe–Thiele diagram for Cr extraction with 0.5 M NaD2EHPA at pH 3.0 showed two stages at A:O ratio of 1:1. The loaded organic of chromium was stripped with the mixture of Na2CO3, NaOH and H2O2.

Effect of the Structure of Alkyl Salicylaldoxime on Extraction of Copper(II)

Four kinds of alkyl salicylaldoxime (AS) were investigated to probe the effect of molecular structure on the extraction of Cu(II). With the augment of R groups, tert-octylsalicylaldoxime and nonylsalicylaldoxime have much stronger extraction ability for Cu(II) than salicylaldoxime and tert-butylsalicylaldoxime, which is consistent with the rise of hydrophobicity (Log P) of the extractants. The umbrella structure of the R group can endow tert-octylsalicylaldoxime with stronger steric-hindrance effect than nonylsalicylaldoxime, which results in the better separation efficiency of Cu(II) from Fe(III) for tert-octylsalicylaldoxime. The extraction ability of the extractants for Cu(II) is related to the hydrophobicity and molecular size, as predicted from quantum chemistry calculation.

Pretreatment of Se-Containing Lead Matte by Alkaline Pressure Leaching

Se-containing lead matte has so far not been efficiently treated for recovering valuable elements. In this study, a two-stage method has been developed for processing lead matte. The first stage is the pretreatment of lead matte by alkaline pressure leaching. It is shown that NaOH solution was the most efficient for lead-matte pressure pretreatment, compared with Na2CO3 solution or NaOH + Na2CO3 mixed solution. Furthermore, the effects of various experimental parameters on pressure pretreatment were investigated, including the concentration of NaOH, the temperature at which oxygen is introduced, oxygen partial pressure, liquid-to-solid ratio, stirring rate, and time. It was observed that the concentration of NaOH played a key role in maximizing the extractions of S and Se while minimizing the dissolution of Pb and As and leaving them in the solid residue. Optimal pressure pretreatment was achieved under the following conditions: NaOH concentration 110 g L−1, oxygen introduction temperature 125 °C, oxygen partial pressure 0.4 MPa, liquid-to-solid ratio 4:1, and time 1.5 h. The average extractions of S, Se, Pb, and As under this condition were 98.07, 96.83, 4.09, and 0.42%, respectively. The second stage is the atmospheric pressure acid leaching of the alkaline-pretreated solid residue. Very high extractions of Cu (>99%) and low leaching ratios of Fe (2.81%) and As (2.66%) were achieved. The advantages of this two-stage method include (1) effective separation and recycling of valuable elements Se, S, and Cu; (2) low energy consumption due to heat produced by exothermic reactions of sulfides’ oxidation; and (3) little waste being produced. Overall, the alkaline pressure pretreatment is not only suitable for the separation of S and Se from Se-containing lead matte, it can also produce simple oxidized copper residues for producing copper sulfate solution by atmospheric acid leaching, having the potential for simplifying the downstream electrodeposition for the recovery of high-purity copper.

Time and Nanoparticle Concentration Affect the Extractability of Cu from CuO NP-Amended Soil.

We assess the effect of CuO nanoparticle (NP) concentration and soil aging time on the extractability of Cu from a standard sandy soil (Lufa 2.1). The soil was dosed with CuO NPs or Cu(NO3)2 at 10 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg of total added Cu, and then extracted using either 0.01 M CaCl2 or 0.005 M diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) (pH 7.6) extraction fluid at selected times over 31 days. For the high dose of CuO NPs, the amount of DTPA-extractable Cu in soil increased from 3 wt % immediately after mixing to 38 wt % after 31 days. In contrast, the extractability of Cu(NO3)2 was highest initially, decreasing with time. The increase in extractability was attributed to dissolution of CuO NPs in the soil. This was confirmed with synchrotron X-ray absorption near edge structure measurements. The CuO NP dissolution kinetics were modeled by a first-order dissolution model. Our findings indicate that dissolution, concentration, and aging time are important factors that influence Cu extractability in CuO NP-amended soil and suggest that a time-dependent series of extractions could be developed as a functional assay to determine the dissolution rate constant.

Hydrometallurgical separation of copper and cobalt from lithium-ion batteries using aqueous two-phase systems

A new green hydrometallurgical method was developed for the selective extraction of copper and cobalt from spent lithium-ion batteries, using an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) extraction technique. The method was optimized for the extraction of Cu(II) and Co(II), considering the influence of the following parameters: type and concentration of extractant (1-(2-pyridyl-azo)-2-naphthol (PAN), 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (1N2N), or bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272)); pH (1.00, 6.00, or 11.0); ATPS-forming electrolyte (Na2SO4 or Na3C6H5O7); tie-line length (TLL) of the system; and mass ratio of the top and bottom phases (mTP/mBP). The recovery efficiency was evaluated in terms of the extraction percentage (%E) and the separation factor (S) between copper and cobalt. The best conditions for selective extraction were achieved using an ATPS composed of L64+Na2SO4+H2O, with pH=6.00, TLL=50.3% (w/w), mTP/mBP=1, and PAN as the extracting agent, which resulted in βCu,Co=3.22×102. The method was subsequently applied to a real lithium-ion battery sample, previously leached with HCl and HNO3. Improved separation of copper and cobalt was achieved using successive extraction steps, resulting in βCu,Co=5.40×105. A stripping assay was also performed, and after a single step, 70.5% of the copper was available for an electrowinning process.

Extraction of copper species from the nanoporous sorbent with an ionic liquid

Abstract The extraction of copper species from the nanoporous sorbent into an ionic liquid ([C 4 mim][PF 6 ], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) was studied herein by means of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopies. The nanoporous sorbent is composed of adsorbed humic acid (HA) on nanoporous SiO 2 to simulate copper-contaminated nanoporous soils. During extraction with [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] at 298, 323 and 393 K, approximately 20, 40 and 54%, respectively, of the copper species on the nanoporous sorbent were extracted into [C 4 mim][PF 6 ]. Using the least-square fitted XANES spectra, the major copper species on the nanoporous sorbent was determined to be Cu(II)-HA (Cu(II) adsorbed on HA) (86%). At 298, 323 and 393 K, the copper dissociated from the extracted Cu(II)-HA and immediately formed Cu(mim) 4 2 + (mim = 1-methylimidazole) in [C 4 mim][PF 6 ]. At 323 and 393 K, Cu(mim) 4 2 + was oxidized with oxygen in [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] to form nanosized CuO. In this study, it was found that at least three reaction paths for the extracted copper to take from the nanoporous sorbent to [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] at 298–393 K: (1) extraction of Cu(II)-HA from the nanoporous sorbent to [C 4 mim][PF 6 ]; (2) dissociation of copper from extracted Cu(II)-HA to form Cu(mim) 4 2 + in [C 4 mim][PF 6 ]; and (3) oxidation of Cu(mim) 4 2 + to form nanosized CuO in [C 4 mim][PF 6 ]. Combining 1 H and 31 P NMR spectra, nanosized CuO interacted with [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] at 393 K. The fitted EXAFS spectra show the Cu(mim) 4 2 + in [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] possessed a Cu N bond distance of 1.82 A at 298 and 323 K. It is also found that the Cu O bond distance was 1.93 A at 393 K. This work demonstrates that the XANES technique can reveal structural changes of the copper species from the nanoporous sorbent into [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] during extraction.

Adsorption-photometric and test-determination of copper in aqueous media using the oxides modifi ed with polyhexamethylene guanidine and bathocuproinedisulfonic acid

Adsorbents based on aluminium, zirconium and titanium oxides sequentially modified with polyhexamethylene guanidine ( PHMG ) and bathocuproinedisulfonic acid ( Batocuprsulfo ) were proposed for the adsorption-photometric and test-determination of copper in the variant of test tubes. An effective reagent fixation on the surface of inorganic oxides preliminarily modified with PHMG was attained in the range of pH 3-7. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents for Batocuprsulfo was 22, 11, 7 mmol/g for Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and TiO 2 , respectively. Complex compound of Cu(I) with Batocuprsulfo and stoichiometry Cu:Batocuprsulfo=1:2 was formed on the adsorbents surface during Cu(II) adsorption in the presence of reducing agent – hydroxylamine; it was orange colored with maximum at 490 nm in the diffuse reflectance spectra. The quantitative extraction of Cu(I) and the maximum intensity of the surface color of Cu(I) complex was attained from the solutions with pH 6.0–7.0. This effect was used for developing the procedures for adsorption-photometric determination of Cu(I). The most sensitive procedure used aluminium oxide as an adsorbent matrix. The detection limit of Cu(I) determination calculated by the 3s-criterion was 0.02 μg/0.1 g of the adsorbent. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.1 - 15.0 μg/0.1 g. The test-procedure for determination of copper by the length of colored area was developed. The minimum determined concentration of copper was 2 mg/L. The proposed methods were used for the determination of Cu(I) in mineral and natural waters. The results obtained were confirmed by the added−found method, and the results of atomic-emission method with inductively coupled plasma. Key words : copper(II), adsorption, inorganic oxides, modified, bathocuproinedi sulfonic acid, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, test determination (Russian) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2017.21.1.005 Didukh S.L., Losev V.N. Scientific research engineering centre “Kristall” Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi pr., 79, Krasnoiarsk, 660041, Russian Federation

Ditopic receptors containing urea groups for solvent extraction of Cu(ii) salts.

The ditopic receptor L3 [1-(2-((7-(4-(tert-butyl)benzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)urea] containing a macrocyclic cyclen unit for Cu(ii)-coordination and a urea moiety for anion binding was designed for recognition of metal salts. The X-ray structure of [CuL3(SO4)] shows that the sulfate anion is involved in cooperative binding via coordination to the metal ion and hydrogen-bonding to the urea unit. This behaviour is similar to that observed for the related receptor L1 [1-(2-((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)urea], which forms a dimeric [CuL1(μ-SO4)]2 structure in the solid state. In contrast, the single crystal X-ray structure of [ZnL3(NO3)2] contains a 1 : 2 complex (metal : anion) where one anion coordinates to the metal and the other is hydrogen-bonded to the urea group. Spectrophotometric titrations performed for the [CuL3(OSMe2)]2+ complex indicate that this system is able to bind a wide range of anions with an affinity sequence: MeCO2- > Cl- > H2PO4- > Br- > NO2- > HSO4- > NO3-. Lipophilic analogues of L1 and L3 extract CuSO4 and CuCl2 from water into chloroform with high selectivity over the corresponding Co(ii), Ni(ii) and Zn(ii) salts.

Two-Step Leaching of Valuable Metals from Discarded Printed Circuit Boards, and Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is an important secondary source of valuable metals. Particularly discarded printed circuit boards (PCB) contain high concentrations of valuable metals, varying greatly among the type of board, the manufacture year, source device, and utilized PCB production technology. Chemical hydrometallurgical processing is an efficient method to selectively extract and subsequently recover metals from discarded polymetallic PCB. In this work, we propose a two-step process to extract copper (Cu) and gold (Au) from a discarded high-grade telecom server PCB. The boards contained 262.4 and 0.320 mg/g Cu and Au, respectively, which constituted the 98.1% of the total value of metals. The metal extraction process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by central composite design (CCD). The optimized process parameters showed that 3.92 M sulphuric acid, 3.93 M Hydrogen peroxide, 6.98% (w/v) pulp density and 3.7 hours contact time, and 0.038 M Copper sulphate, 0.3 M 0.38 M Ammonium Hydroxide, 10.76% pulp density (w/v) 6.73 hours were optimal for the maximal extraction of Cu and Au, respectively. At optimal conditions, 99.2% and 92.2% of Cu and Au, respectively, were extracted from the discarded PCB.

Assessment of major and trace element bioavailability in vineyard soil applying different single extraction procedures and pseudo-total digestion

A different single extraction procedures (CH3COOH, Na2EDTA, CaCl2, NH4NO3, deionized water), and pseudo-total digestion (aqua regia) were applied to determine major (Al, Fe, K, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si) and trace (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) element bioavailability in a topsoil from the experimental vineyard (“Radmilovac”, Belgrade, Serbia). For the first time, the extraction with deionized water during 16 h was tested as an alternative method for isolating bioavailable major and trace elements from the soil. Concentrations of the elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The extraction of Cu and S from the soil by deionized water during 16 h extracting, NH4NO3, and CaCl2 indicated that these elements could originate from the anthropogenic sources, such as fungicide. In addition according to the soil – plant experiment, performed as a preliminary experiment for future studies in vineyards, deionized water was recommended for isolation of bioavailable elements from grape seed and grape pulp; CH3COOH, Na2EDTA, CaCl2 and NH4NO3 for grape skin, while for assessment of leaf bioavailable elements from soil fraction, aqua regia was recommended. In addition, identification of similarities between the plant parts and the plant species were performed. Applying environmental risk assessment formulas, the most polluted vineyard parcel in the vineyard region “Radmilovac” was determined. The leaves of some grapevine species showed the high ability for accumulation some of the potentially toxic trace elements from the soil.

Fast, Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Extraction of Cu(II) and Zn(II) by Hybrid Silicas Impregnated with Acidic Organic Extractants

The extraction of copper and zinc by mesostructured silicas impregnated with organic acidic chelators, an acylisoxazolone 3-phenyl-4-benzoyl-5-isoxazolone (HPBI), an acylpyrazolone 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-stearoyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMSP) and an organophosphoric acid di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (DEHPA) was performed in a sulfate medium. Various factors such as the pH of the aqueous phase, the chelators’ concentration in the silica matrix, the extraction equilibrium time and the extraction capacity of the two cations on silica were studied. The cations were extracted at very acidic pH with very high extraction rates. The stripping of cations was achieved at pH’s that were more acidic than those utilized for the extraction by maintaining the structure intact. Finally, their separation was successfully conducted in the cases of the three chelators.

Separation of Copper and Zinc from aqueous solution using Liquid-Membrane-Gel (LMG) containing Trioctylphosphine Oxide TOPO as Carrier

Transfer and extraction of metallic species (Ag + and Cu 2+ ions) through a flat sheet dense supported-liquid-membrane was investigated previously [1, 2 ] using thin sheets of polybutadiene rubber cross-linked with 0.1% and/or 0.4% of dicumylperoxyde at 160°C for 15 minutes noted BR 1 and for 5 minutes noted BR 2 [3]. In this work, column filled with a liquid-membrane-gel LMG in form of beads impregnated beforehand with the solvating organo-phosphoric carrier the trioctyl phosphine oxide TOPO, was used to study the extraction-concentration-recovery and the transport of Cu (II) and Zn (II) from an aqueous solution. Extraction of Cu (II) at different pH aqueous solutions has been described. The speciation of the extracted complexes in the membrane supported organic phase (extractant) was also, performed using the theoretically derived equations to elucidate the stoichiometry and the Cu (II) mechanism complexation through the liquid-membrane-gel LMG. Kinetic parameters were calculated from the experimental data. About 86-97 % and 50-82 % of respectively copper and zinc, were extracted from aqueous solutions at pH = 6 according to first-order kinetics and t he separation factor away from the unit . The solvated copper species by TOPO are of the type [Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ]TOPO.

Metal speciation of historic and new copper mine tailings from Repparfjorden, Northern Norway, before and after acid, base and electrodialytic extraction

In Kvalsund, Northern Norway, a permit for submarine mine tailings disposal in Repparfjorden was recently issued for a copper mine with expected operation from 2019. A copper mine was active in the same area in the 1970s and also deposited mine tailings in the fjord. Investigations of the metal binding in the historic and new mine tailings (produced from bedrock in the area) have been undertaken in this study. Acid and base extraction experiments provided desorption curves of mine tailing suspensions as a function of pH (0.5–12.7), and showed that Cu was more easily desorbed in the historic mine tailings. Substantial desorption (>40%) for both historic and new mine tailings occurred at pH values below 3 and above 12. These results combined with metal speciation, showing that the binding of Cu in the sediment changes around pH values 3 and 10, indicate potential for extraction of more Cu from the new mine tailings. Electrodialysis, based on applying an electric field of low intensity to extract metals from polluted soils/sediments, was designed for acidic and alkaline extraction, and in both cases more Cu was extracted than in the pure acid/base extractions, while maintaining low mobilisation of other metals. Electrodialysis can hence be designed to target extraction of Cu while limiting the mobilisation of other metals.

Bioleaching of Indian Ocean nodules with in situ iron precipitation by anaerobic Mn reducing consortia

In the present study selective iron-free extraction of Cu, Ni, Co and Mn from Indian Ocean manganese nodules by manganese reducing consortium is described. The consortium isolated from manganese ore mines of Joda, Odisha (India) and enriched with Indian Ocean manganese nodules was used for bioleaching under facultative anaerobic conditions in mineral salt media using organic carbon source. Bioleaching was carried out at 30°C without agitation. Recoveries of Mn, Ni and Co increased with time, while maximum Cu recovery occurred during the initial period followed by a decrease. A notable finding was that Fe dissolution remained extremely low, i.e. less than 42mgL−1 (3.0%), possibly due to in situ precipitation of iron. X-ray diffraction patterns of bioleach residues indicated formation of FePO4 and MnCO3 phases. Iron dissolution remained consistently low even with increasing pulp density and decreasing particle size. The Mn reducing consortia may thus help in selective leaching of Mn while preventing Fe from contaminating the leach liquor, which is desirable in downstream processing of metal production from Mn-nodule and ferromanganese ores.

Separation of Cu from dilute Cu–Ni–Co bearing bioleach solutions using solvent extraction with Chemorex CP-150

ABSTRACTSolvent extraction of Cu from simulated and real bioleaching solutions obtained from a complex Cu–Ni–Co bearing tailing was investigated using Chemorex CP-150 extractant. The effects of several critical parameters, namely pH, contact time, extractant concentration, metal ion concentration, and organic/aqueous phase ratio on Cu extraction were evaluated. Isotherm studies showed that more than 99.9% Cu was transferred with a single stage for each of the extraction and stripping steps. A mixed Ni–Co sulfide was produced from the extraction effluent. A developed flow sheet was proposed to treat Cu–Ni–Co bearing sulfidic tailings by bioleaching, jarosite precipitation, solvent extraction, and sulfide precipitation processes.

A novel polymeric ionic liquid-coated magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the solid-phase extraction of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase

A novel magnetic adsorbent, benzyl groups functionalized imidazolium-based polymeric ionic liquid (PIL)-coated magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (m-MWCNTs@PIL), has been successfully synthesized and applied for the extraction of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD). The m-MWCNTs@PIL were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and zeta-potential nanoparticles. In this method, the m-MWCNTs@PIL could interact with Cu, Zn-SOD through hydrogen bonding, π-π and electrostatic interactions. The extraction performance of the m-MWCNTs@PIL in the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) procedure was investigated, coupled with the determination by UV–vis spectrophotometer. Compared with m-MWCNTs@IL and m-MWCNTs, the m-MWCNTs@PIL exhibited the highest extraction capacity of 29.1 mg/g for Cu, Zn-SOD. The adsorbed Cu, Zn-SOD remained high specific activity after being eluted from m-MWCNTs@PIL by 1 moL/L NaCl solution. Besides, the m-MWCNTs@PIL could be easily recycled and successfully employed in the extraction of Cu, Zn-SOD from real samples. Under the optimal conditions, the precision, repeatability and stability of the proposed method were investigated and the RSDs were 0.29%, 1.68% and 0.54%, respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 82.7–102.3%, with the RSD between 3.47% and 5.35%. On the basis of these results, the developed method has great potential in the extraction of Cu, Zn-SOD or other analytes from biological samples.

Selective separation of copper over solder alloy from waste printed circuit boards leach solution

The printed circuit boards (PCBs) from electronic waste are important resource, since the PCBs contain precious metals such as gold, copper, tin, silver, platinum and so forth. In addition to the economic point of view, the presence of lead turns this scrap into dangerous to environment. This study was conducted as part of the development of a novel process for selective recovery of copper over tin and lead from printed circuit boards by HBF4 leaching. In previous study, Copper with solder alloy was associated, simultaneously were leached in HBF4 solution using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant at room temperature. The objective of this study is the separation of copper from tin and lead from Fluoroborate media using CP-150 as an extractant. The influence of organic solvent’s concentration, pH, temperature and A/O phase ratio was investigated. The possible extraction mechanism and the composition of the extracted species have been determined. The separation factors for these metals using this agent are reported, while efficient methods for separation of Cu (II) from other metal ions are proposed. The treatment of leach liquor for solvent extraction of copper with CP-150 revealed that 20% CP-150 in kerosene, a 30min period of contact time, and a pH of 3 were sufficient for the extraction of Cu(II) and 99.99% copper was recovered from the leached solution.

A statistical approach to the experimental of the leaching of sulfide copper from the ores using lixiviant sulfuric acid

In the present paper, a review has been made for the recovery of copper from the ores using lixiviant sulphuric acid, the effects of the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, particle size and leaching temperature on the recovery of copper were examined. The results of leaching indicate that the recovery extraction of Cu increases with increasing acid concentration and temperature; while it decreases with particle size. The logical experimentation parameters for the extraction of copper were discovered. Later than 120 min of leaching treatment, the sulfuric acid concentration 2 mol/l-1, leaching temperature 85 °C, smaller particle size 63 μm at low stirring rates (100 rpm) and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10. The overall results of the dissolution studies indicated that the data fitted the shrinking core model for the controlled mechanism, with surface chemical reaction as the rate controlling step. The value of the activation energy Ea is calculated by multiplying the slope of the Arrhenius curve by the value of the universal gas constant 8.314 kJ/mol-1.