Extraction Of Bioactive Ingredients Research Articles

Recent Advances in the Extraction of Pittosporum angustifolium Lodd. Used in Traditional Aboriginal Medicine: A Mini Review

Numerous native Australian plants are widely used as traditional medicines by the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Among the native plants, Pittosporum angustifolium Lodd. (Gumby Gumby) is claimed to be a promising medicinal plant in the treatment of a wide range of diseases that includes viral symptoms (colds and coughs), eczema, cancer, muscle aches, varicose veins, and many more. Various extraction techniques are used to extract the bioactive compounds of P. angustifolium, which are formulated into nutraceuticals. The present paper will provide an overview of the recent development in the extraction of bioactive ingredients from P. angustifolium, as well as the findings on the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of P. angustifolium extracts.

Application of innovative processing methods for the extraction of bioactive compounds from saffron (Crocus sativus) petals

Extraction of bioactive ingredients from saffron petals was investigated using conventional hot water (CHW) and three green innovative processing techniques including ohmic heating assisted extraction (OHAE), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) systems, in terms of energy consumption, yield, and physicochemical properties. Process optimization by response surface methodology showed that the optimum operating conditions were 45min-225 V, 4.25min-500 W and 40.61 min-135.3 W for OHAE, MAE, and UAE, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, extracts obtained through OHAE, MAE, UAE and CHW methods show 928, 869, 863 and 721 mg/100 g of total phenolic content (TPC), 148, 115, 130 and 101 mg/100 g of total flavonoid content (TFC) and 238, 206, 205 and 189 mg/100 g of total anthocyanin content (TAC), respectively. The IC50 values of extracts were 178, 226, 335 and 517 μg/mL at the optimized condition of OHAE, MAE, UAE and CHW, respectively. The LC–MS profiles unveiled the presence of kaempferol derivatives and anthocyanins as main flavonols in all extracts. The extracts obtained using OHAE presented the maximum antimicrobial activity and lipase enzyme inhibitory. Based on overall analysis of the data, we recommend OHAE as an optimal technique providing saffron petals extracts having the highest combination of bioactives compounds in reasonably extraction time.

Extraction of bioactive ingredients from fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea assisted by high hydrostatic pressure.

The aim of this study was to use high hydrostatic pressure treatment to enhance the extraction efficiency of the active components from the fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea, and compare with those obtained by shake and ultrasonic extraction methods. The conditions of high pressure extraction (HPE) at 600MPa, a liquid/solid ratio of 40:1, and 3min of treatment yielded triterpenoids and adenosine concentrations of 410.41mg/100mL and 0.47mg/100mL, respectively, which did not differ significantly from those with the two other treatments-shake extraction at 180rpm for 8h and ultrasonic extraction at 50Hz for 60min. The HPE extracts significantly attenuated reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells than shake extracts did. SEM micrographs revealed that high-pressure caused physical morphological damage to the mycelium of fruiting bodies, such as distortion and disruption of mycelial cells, and increased the mass-transfer effectiveness of the solvent and solute. HPE can be employed as an efficient extraction technique for production of bioactive ingredients that might have a potential application in food and related industries.