Extracellular Mass Research Articles

Bioimpedance analysis (extracellular mass to body cell mass ratio) as complementary assessment for malnutrition in hemodialysis patients

Background: Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a frequent condition in haemodialysis patients but often goes missed. The diagnosis of PEW is complex even though composite nutritional indices seem to show strong correlations with mortality and cardiovascular events. Bioimpedance analysis in dialysis centres is used to study patient's degree of water load but not to assess nutritional status. Recently, the extracellular mass/body cell mass ratio (ECM/BCM) ≥ 1.2 has also been considered as a parameter of malnutrition in the haemodialysis patients. Objective: To assess the nutritional reliability of ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 in patients referred to the Dialysis Centre of the “S. Spirito Hospital” Rome. Methods: 16 Patients were enrolled and than evaluated anthropometrically, for nutritional and inflammatory parameters, subjected to the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) and monitored with impedance measurements before, after and 30 min after the haemodialysis session. Results: ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 demonstrates a statistically significant direct correlation ( p < 0.001) with MIS. Albumin and pre-albumin were inversely correlated with ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2, cholesterolaemia was directly correlated. Conclusions: ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 appears to be a simple and reliable indicator for the diagnosis of malnutrition in the chronic haemodialysis patient. Given the small sample size, further studies are needed to support this thesis.

Abstract 4137854: Effect of Sacubitril/valsartan on Left Ventricular Tissue Characterization in Heart Failure with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Below 50%

Background: The effects of sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) on myocardial tissue characterization in heart failure (HF) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% are still unclear. Objective: The present study investigated the effects of 9 months of ARNI treatment on LV structure and myocardial tissue characteristics in HF with LVEF <50% using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods: This study was a prospective, 2-arm, randomized, open-label clinical trial (SAVE-HF). Sixty-four HF outpatients with LVEF<50% were randomized 1:1 from ACE inhibitor/ARB to ARNI (ARNI group) or control group (continued ACE inhibitor/ARB). CMR was performed to evaluate LV structure and tissue characteristics, including changes in LV extracellular volume fraction (delta ECV) before and after the 9-month period. The primary endpoint was difference in ECV between the two groups. Secondary endpoints included changes in LV volumes and mass, LVEF, extracellular mass (ECM) calculated as LV mass times ECV/100, and intracellular mass (ICM) calculated as LV mass minus ECM. Results: A total of 59 of 64 stable patients (68±12 years; 52 men) completed the 9-month intervention followed by repeated CMR. ARNI decreased systolic BP levels from the first month by approximately 10 mmHg. ARNI group exhibited significant reductions in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and LV mass. While LVEF and ECV remained unchanged (31.6±5.0 vs. 31.9±5.0%, p=0.26), both ECM and ICM significantly decreased after ARNI. In the control group, systolic BP, LV volumes and LV mass, ECV, ECM and ICM were unchanged. Comparing the two groups, while delta ECV was not significantly different, delta ECM was greater in ARNI group than control group (-3.6±7.3 vs. 0.2±5.3 g, p=0.025), indicating improved LV tissue characteristics. Conclusions: ARNI reduced LV volume and LV mass, accompanied with reduction of both ECM and ICM, and consequently unchanged ECV. These findings may suggest that ARNI may improve LV tissue characteristics and protect from LV remodeling in HF patients with their LVEF<50%.

Correlation between extracellular mass to body cell mass ratio and nutritional, cognitive and functional status in elderly

Correlation between extracellular mass to body cell mass ratio and nutritional, cognitive and functional status in elderly

A novel brominated chalcone derivative as a promising multi-target inhibitor against multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes

Foodborne pathogens continue to challenge public health due to their ability to cause severe illness and their increasing resistance to current antimicrobial treatments. Listeria monocytogenes is a resilient foodborne pathogen that poses significant risks to vulnerable populations, leading to severe infections and high hospitalization rates. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) strains of L. monocytogenes underscores the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of the (2E)-3-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxylphenyl)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (DK06) against multidrug-resistant L. monocytogenes. DK06 exhibited a significant dose-dependent inhibition of L. monocytogenes growth, achieving a maximum inhibition of 92.9 % at 320 μM. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed high binding affinities for key virulence proteins PlcB and ArgA, with stable protein-ligand interactions. DK06 also disrupted biofilm formation at sub-MIC levels, reducing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and biofilm mass, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Furthermore, DK06 downregulated the expression of virulence genes (plcB, argA, and hly) and decreased hemolytic activity. In vivo zebrafish studies confirmed the safety of DK06 up to 80 μM, demonstrating its efficacy in reducing mortality and oxidative stress associated with L. monocytogenes infection. DK06 also attenuated inflammation by downregulating key inflammatory markers (tnfa, il1b, il6, and nfkb). These findings indicate that DK06 is a promising multi-target inhibitor with potential application in treating infections and combating antimicrobial resistance.

Profiling of collagen and extracellular matrix deposition from cell culture using in vitro ExtraCellular matrix mass spectrometry imaging (ivECM-MSI)

While numerous approaches have been reported towards understanding single cell regulation, there is limited understanding of single cell production of extracellular matrix phenotypes. Collagens are major proteins of the extracellular microenvironment extensively used in basic cell culture, tissue engineering, and biomedical applications. However, identifying compositional regulation of collagen remains challenging. Here, we report the development of In vitro ExtraCellular Matrix Mass Spectrometry Imaging (ivECM-MSI) as a tool to rapidly and simultaneously define collagen subtypes from coatings and basic cell culture applications. The tool uses the mass spectrometry imaging platform with reference libraries to produce visual and numerical data types. The method is highly integrated with basic in vitro strategies as it may be used with conventional cell chambers on minimal numbers of cells and with minimal changes to biological experiments. Applications tested include semi-quantitation of collagen composition in culture coatings, time course collagen deposition, deposition altered by gene knockout, and changes induced by drug treatment. This approach provides new access to proteomic information on how cell types respond to and change the extracellular microenvironment and provides a holistic understanding of both the cell and extracellular response.

Hierarchical elastoplasticity of cortical bone: Observations, mathematical modeling, validation

Motivated by the water layer-coated nanoscale bone mineral crystals and the elastoplastic behavior seen at the extracellular scale, we develop a six-step hierarchical micromechanics model for the elastoplasticity of cortical bone. For that purpose, the Eshelby problem-based concentration-influence tensor concept is generalized for a multi-scale situation, quantifying the mechanical interaction between elastic and plastic strains between material phases across six orders of magnitude in observation scale. This hierarchical interaction scheme is complemented by non-associated Mohr–Coulomb plasticity assigned to the mineral crystal phases, and a return-mapping algorithm which adapts classical computational mechanics approaches for the realm of semi-analytical continuum micromechanics. Founded on elastic and strength properties of molecular collagen and hydroxyapatite, the model passes experimental validation against ultrasonic and quasi-static tests at the extrafibrillar, extracellular, extravascular, and cortical observation scales, across different tissues and species. It reveals cortical bone strength to increase nonlinearly with the vascular porosity, and to depend bi-linearly on the extracellular mass density, while elucidating plastic spreading events at the nanocrystal scale, which are fundamentally different in tensile and compressive loading.

#2892 The role of physical activity in onco-nephrology; a new weapon in the management of urological malignancies

Abstract Background and Aims New clinical evidence demonstrated that Physical Activity (PA) brings numerous benefits both at the level of Health-RelatedQuality of Life (HRQoL), biological mechanisms and at the psychological level. Indeed, it is well known that cancer treatments results in a series of symptoms and side effects that debilitates the patients with cancer and can be counteracted with physical activity. PA has an effect on several aspects of biological mechanisms: sex hormones, metabolic hormones, inflammation and adiposity, and immune function. Furthermore, strong evidence shows that aerobic or combined (aerobic and endurance) training reduces symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue. Combined training also leads to improvements in HRQoL, preventing and improving muscle loss and sarcopenia. This study aims to assess the influence of physical activity on this improved scenario. Method A consecutive cohort of 82 pts was enrolled in the Urological Department at San Raffaele Scientific Institute between 2018-2021. The control group (CT) was composed of 31 patients affected by CKD alone (GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, K-DIGO 2012 classification) and 51 patients with CKD and a recent history of urological malignancies (within 12 months) represented the case group (CS). Inclusion criteria were: Age (>18 years old), eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73), Malnutritional Screening Tool (MST<2), Urological Cancer aggressiveness (no metastatic process), Informed consent (signed). Each patient underwent an initial nephrological and nutritional evaluation during which a conventional CKD Mediterranean-like diet with a controlled protein intake (MCPD) (0.6-1 g total protein/kg body weight/die and 30-35 kcal/kg body weight/die) was prescribed together with physical activity recommendation according to The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) for a period of 6 months (±2 months). Physical activity recommendations included some aerobic exercise for 30 min on most days of the week, plus other activities to increase muscle strength (exercises with resistance bands) e/o to improve flexibility (such as stretching) once or twice a week. To assess the influence of physical activity within the collaborative nephrologist-nutritionist approach (NNCA) on enhanced kidney function, the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) test was administered to each patient. The test consists of two indicators: RAPA 1 will indicate aerobic physical activity levels (from 0=sedentary to 7=physically active), while RAPA 2 will indicate other types of exercises (0=none; 1=strength; 2=flexibility; 3=both). Subsequently, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) was conducted on all participants in the cohort to collect data on Body Cell Mass per height squared (BCM/h2), Phase Angle (PA), Extracellular Mass (ECM)/BCM, and Extracellular to Intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW). Statistical analysis: Linear regression and Pearson's Chi-Squared test; Data analysis: R programming language and RStudio integrated development environment. Results Table 1 shows the patient's baseline characteristics. Table 2 shows anthropometric indices and parameters at pre- and post-dietary and nephrological intervention. Table 3 underlines the poor condition prevalent in CKD patients with or without oncological history, also confirmed by the low level of usual physical activity detected by the RAPA test at T0. Sure enough, our population was mainly inactive and sedentary. Results show that, after the intervention, our patients became regularly active (RAPA 1 score T0: 2.47; RAPA 1 score T1: 3.17; Delta = + 0.7, p < 0.0001); the same trend was observed for RAPA 2 score (observed increase 14%, p < 0.002). Conclusion Based on these findings, it can be inferred that standard clinical care should incorporate thorough assessment of both nutritional status and PA. The adoption of a MCPD, coupled with exercise training within a collaborative nephrologist-nutritionist approach, emerges as a potential strategy to enhance the HRQoL of this particular kind of patient.

Abstract 5561: Whole slide Imaging Mass Cytometry allows the rapid profiling of the immune landscape of histopathologically aggressive prostate tumors

Abstract Patients with Gleason pattern 4 or 5 prostate tumors have a high risk of biochemical recurrence and worse survival. Affected by their local environment, dynamic immune cell phenotypes can both hinder or drive cancer progression. To understand the proteomic environments that facilitate specific immune cell responses and interactions in advanced prostate cancer, we have spatially resolved the immune cell content and metabolic features of Gleason pattern 4 and 5 and subpatterns of prostate tumors. To scale quantitative multiplexed histopathology measurements to human disease, we have applied a new high-throughput whole slide modality of high-plex Imaging Mass CytometryTM to simultaneously quantify immune cells, metabolic states, prostate specific pathways, and biomarkers in 125 whole slide sections from 42 patients over 100 cm2 of tissue. It is essential to image whole slide sections in order to fully evaluate the complete heterogeneity of these cancer samples. In parallel, multi-region macrodissection shotgun proteomics and both glycan and extracellular matrix MALDI imaging mass spectrometry have quantified the proteome associated with specific immune cell environments. Together, we identify localized proteomic microenvironments associated with specific tumor supportive or inhibitory immune cell content in human tumors that may help differentiate which high-risk patients will have a rapid biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. Citation Format: Jennifer L. Gorman, Lydia Y. Liu, Jordan P. Hartig, Nikesh Parsotam, Amanda Khoo, Vladimir Ignatchenko, Sarah Asbury, Somi Afiuni, Ricardo Gonzalez, Michael J. Geuenich, Caitlin F. Harrigan, Yuju Lee, Jianan Chen, Liang Lim, Qanber Raza, Peggi M. Angel, Kieran Campbell, Stanley K. Liu, Michelle R. Downes, Richard R. Drake, Thomas Kislinger, David King, Hartland W. Jackson. Whole slide Imaging Mass Cytometry allows the rapid profiling of the immune landscape of histopathologically aggressive prostate tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5561.

No adverse association between exercise exposure and diffuse myocardial fibrosis in male endurance athletes

The potential association between endurance exercise and myocardial fibrosis is controversial. Data on exercise exposure and diffuse myocardial fibrosis in endurance athletes are scarce and conflicting. We aimed to investigate the association between exercise exposure and markers of diffuse myocardial fibrosis by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in endurance athletes. We examined 27 healthy adult male competitive endurance athletes aged 41 ± 9 years and 16 healthy controls in a cross sectional study using 3 Tesla CMR including late gadolinium enhancement and T1 mapping. Athletes reported detailed exercise history from 12 years of age. Left ventricular total mass, cellular mass and extracellular mass were higher in athletes than controls (86 vs. 58 g/m2, 67 vs. 44 g/m2 and 19 vs. 13 g/m2, all p < 0.01). Extracellular volume (ECV) was lower (21.5% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.03) and native T1 time was shorter (1214 ms vs. 1268 ms, p < 0.01) in the athletes. Increasing exercise dose was independently associated with shorter native T1 time (regression coefficient − 24.1, p < 0.05), but expressed no association with ECV. Our results indicate that diffuse myocardial fibrosis has a low prevalence in healthy male endurance athletes and do not indicate an adverse dose–response relationship between exercise and diffuse myocardial fibrosis in healthy athletes.

Effects of immediate loading directionality on the mechanical sensing protein PIEZO1 expression and early-stage healing process of peri-implant bone

BackgroundThe reduced treatment time of dental implants with immediate loading protocol is an appealing solution for dentists and patients. However, there remains a significant risk of early peri-implant bone response following the placement of immediately loaded implants, and limited information is available regarding loading directions and the associated in vivo characteristics of peri-implant bone during the early stages. This study aimed to investigate the effects of immediate loading directionality on the expression of mechanical sensing protein PIEZO1 and the healing process of peri-implant bone in the early stage.MethodsThirty-two implants were inserted into the goat iliac crest models with 10 N static lateral immediate loading applied, followed by histological, histomorphological, immunohistochemical, X-ray microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy evaluations conducted after 10 days.ResultsFrom evaluations at the cellular, tissue, and organ levels, it was observed that the expression of mechanical sensing protein PIEZO1 in peri-implant bone was significantly higher in the compressive side compared to the tensile side. This finding coincided with trends observed in interfacial bone extracellular matrix (ECM) contact percentage, bone mass, and new bone formation.ConclusionsThis study provides a novel insight into the immediate loading directionality as a potential influence factor for dental implant treatments by demonstrating differential effects on the mechanical sensing protein PIEZO1 expression and related early-stage healing processes of peri-implant bone. Immediate loading directions serve as potential therapeutic influence factors for peri-implant bone during its early healing stage.

Body Composition after Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction with Endobronchial Valves: A Prospective Study.

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema experience malnutrition and pulmonary cachexia. Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with endobronchial valves has not only improved lung function, exercise capacity, and quality of life but also influenced body weight. Only a few data are available on body composition changes after ELVR. This single-center prospective study of patients with advanced COPD investigates body composition before and after endoscopic valve treatment using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The following parameters were evaluated in addition to clinical data and routine tests: body weight, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate, total body water, body fat, cell percentage, phase angle, intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), extracellular mass (ECM), body cell mass (BCM), lean body mass (ECM + BCM), and fat-free mass index. A total of 23 patients (mean emphysema index 37.2 ± 7.5%, BMI 23.4 ± 4.3 kg/m2) experienced improvements in lung function and exercise capacity with ELVR. Complete lobar atelectasis was achieved in 39.1% of participants. A non-statistically significant increase in body weight and BMI was observed after ELVR (p = 0.111 and p = 0.102). BIA measurement revealed a worsening of phase angle, cell percentage and ECM/BCM and thus of body composition, but without statistical significance. This is mainly due to a statistically significant increase in ECM, ECW, and ICW (all p &lt; 0.001). ELVR demonstrated no beneficial changes in body composition, although patients tend to gain weight. A larger cohort is warranted to confirm these findings.

The Impact of Short-Term Supplementation With Guanidinoacetic Acid and Creatine Versus Creatine Alone on Body Composition Indices in Healthy Men and Women: Creatine-Guanidinoacetic Acid Affects Body Composition.

The main objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of short-term supplementation with a mixture containing creatine and guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) versus creatine alone on body composition indices in men and women. Twenty-three apparently healthy young adults (mean age: 21.4 ± 0.6 years; 10 females) were randomly assigned to receive either a mixture (consisting of 2 g of creatine monohydrate and 2 g of GAA) or an equimolar amount of creatine monohydrate in a pretest-posttest control group experimental crossover design. After the intervention period, participants entered a 2-week washout phase to minimize any residual effects of the treatment. Body composition was assessed using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline (preadministration) and at the 7-day follow-up (postadministration). A significant interaction effect was found for extracellular mass (p=0.009), with creatine-GAA outperforming creatine in augmenting extracellular mass across the whole sample. In the male subsample, creatine was superior to the mixture in increasing intracellular water (p=0.049), whereas the mixture increased extracellular mass, contrasting with the reduction observed with creatine alone (p=0.008). No significant differences between interventions were reported in the female subsample (p > 0.05), indicating that adding GAA to creatine may produce unique, sex-specific effects on body composition. Further studies are needed to validate our findings across different demographic cohorts and various interventional regimens.

Kiosk 6R-FB-01 - Ventricular Extracellular Volume and Mass Changing Induced by Acute Saline Loading

Kiosk 6R-FB-01 - Ventricular Extracellular Volume and Mass Changing Induced by Acute Saline Loading

Effects of aerobic morning intervention on body composition changes in young women of morning and neither chronotypes

This study aimed to compare the effect of a morning physical intervention on the body composition of young women (n = 8, mean age ± SD = 23.1 ± 1.0 years, mean height ± SD = 168.9 ± 5.8 cm, mean weight ± SD = 66.2 ± 6.8 kg) of the morning chronotype (M-types) vs. young women (n = 25, mean age ± SD = 21.4 ± 1.5 years, mean height ± SD = 167.1 ± 5.4 cm, mean weight ± SD = 65.6 ± 7.8 kg) of the neither chronotypes (N-types). We used bioimpedance analysis to detect changes in the following indicators: weight, body mass index, fat mass (FM%), fat free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), total body water (TBW), extracellular and total body water ratio (ECW/TBW), extracellular and body cell mass ratio (ECM/BCM), and phase angle (PA). Intervention effects in groups were compared and evaluated by Cohen’s d within the statistical procedure of paired samples t-test, which did not show any significant differences in all indicators, except PA, between the pre-test and post-test (p&gt;0.05). Statistical improvement was denoted and examined in the PA of the N-types. The most significant difference was found in the ECM/BCM indicator, which was stimulated more effectively in M-types after the morning intervention compared with the N-types. M-type participants improved in ECM/BCM (d = 0.62) and PA (d = 0.70) with a medium effect, but scored worse in FM% (d = 0.47) with a small effect, FFM (d = .43), MM (d = 0.42), and TBW (d = 0.40), whereas no effect was found in ECW/TBW (d = 0.15). N-type participants improved in PA (d = .60) with a medium effect, FFM (d = 0.29), MM (d = 0.28), and ECW/TBW (d = 0.28) with a small effect; no effect was observed in ECM/BCM (d = 0.01), FM% (d = 0.03), and TBW (d = 0.04). The results showed that the ECM/BCM and PA parameters were more sensitive than the other parameters. Our findings indicate the importance of further exploration and examination of the problem of time effect examination on particular chronotypes.

Research on minimizing the MFC internal resistance via a shared electrode MFC-MEC coupling system

Although microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a very clean electricity-producing bioelectrochemical technology, their large internal resistance limits their power generation capacity. To reduce the MFC internal resistance, according to the principle of favorable electric field, a microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) was coupled with MFC to form two kinds of MFC-MEC coupling systems: a shared anode MFC-MEC system (SA-MFC) and a shared cathode MFC-MEC system (SC-MFC). Compared with those of the uncoupled MFC, the total internal resistances (Rtol) of the SA-MFC and the SC-MFC were 2119.04 Ω and 2416.44 Ω, respectively, lower than that of the uncoupled MFC (3392.05 Ω). The average working voltages of the SA-MFC and the SC-MFC reached 121.40 mV and 100.43 mV, respectively, which were 41.71% and 17.23% higher than that of the uncoupled MFC (85.67 mV), and the maximum power output reached 121.03 mW and 94.09 mW, respectively, which were 1.93 times and 1.50 times that of the uncoupled MFC (62.58 mW), indicating that the SA-MFC had optimal power production performance. The reasons for these differences were that the external electric field provided by the MEC created an additional driving force for the electrode reaction, extracellular electron transfer and liquid phase mass transfer, resulting in weakened electrode polarization. This research provides a new way to reduce the internal resistance of MFCs and increase their power output.

Influence of specific collagen peptides and 12-week concurrent training on recovery-related biomechanical characteristics following exercise-induced muscle damage-A randomized controlled trial.

It has been shown that short-term ingestion of collagen peptides improves markers related to muscular recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether and to what extent a longer-term specific collagen peptide (SCP) supplementation combined with a training intervention influences recovery markers following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Fifty-five predominantly sedentary male participants were assigned to consume either 15 g SCP or placebo (PLA) and engage in a concurrent training (CT) intervention (30 min each of resistance and endurance training, 3x/week) for 12 weeks. Before (T1) and after the intervention (T2), eccentric muscle damage was induced by 150 drop jumps. Measurements of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), peak RFD, countermovement jump height (CMJ), and muscle soreness (MS) were determined pre-exercise, immediately after exercise, and 24 and 48 h post-exercise. In addition, body composition, including fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), body cell mass (BCM) and extracellular mass (ECM) were determined at rest both before and after the 12-week intervention period. Three-way mixed ANOVA showed significant interaction effects in favor of the SCP group. MVC (p = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.11), RFD (p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.18), peak RFD (p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.15), and CMJ height (p = 0.046, ηp2 = 0.06) recovered significantly faster in the SCP group. No effects were found for muscle soreness (p = 0.66) and body composition (FM: p = 0.41, FFM: p = 0.56, BCM: p = 0.79, ECM: p = 0.58). In summary, the results show that combining specific collagen peptide supplementation (SCP) and concurrent training (CT) over a 12-week period significantly improved markers reflecting recovery, specifically in maximal, explosive, and reactive strength. It is hypothesized that prolonged intake of collagen peptides may support muscular adaptations by facilitating remodeling of the extracellular matrix. This, in turn, could enhance the generation of explosive force. ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier ID: NCT05220371.

Impact of the Body Composition on Knee Osteoarthritis Assessed Using Bioimpedance Analysis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks among the most prevalent inflammatory diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system and is a leading cause of disability globally, impacting approximately 250 million individuals. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and body composition in postmenopausal women using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The study included 58 postmenopausal females who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty. The control group consisted of 25 postmenopausal individuals with no degenerative knee joint changes. The anthropometric analysis encompassed the body mass index (BMI), mid-arm and mid-thigh circumferences (MAC and MTC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF). Functional performance was evaluated using the 30 s sit-to-stand test. During the BIA test, electrical parameters such as membrane potential, electrical resistance, capacitive reactance, impedance, and phase angle were measured. Additionally, body composition parameters, including Total Body Water (TBW), Extracellular Water (ECW), Intracellular Water (ICW), Body Cellular Mass (BCM), Extracellular Mass (ECM), Fat-Free Mass (FFM), and Fat Mass (FM), were examined. The study did not find any statistically significant differences in the electrical parameters between the control (0-1 grade on the K-L scale) and study groups (3-4 grade on the K-L scale). However, statistically significant differences were observed in BMI, fat mass (FM), arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, and sit-to-stand test results between the analyzed groups. In conclusion, the association between overweight and obesity with KOA in postmenopausal women appears to be primarily related to the level of adipose tissue and its metabolic activity.

Anthropometric profiles and body composition of male runners at different distances

Anthropometric parameters are crucial prerequisite to achieve success in professional running sports. However, it is not clear how these parameters are relevant for athletes performing on a less demanding sport level as academic competitions. To help coaches and selectors working on this level, we have explored anthropometric variables and body composition in 68 academic athletes: 26 sprinters, 22 middle distance runners, and 20 long distance runners. Sprinters have a more massive body shape, shorter lower legs in relation to the length of the thigh, broader shoulders and narrower hips, greater musculature and cellular mass. A slender figure, a longer shin, and the greatest subcutaneous fat and extracellular mass characterize long-distance runners. Middle-distance runners are the slimmest, and have a narrow trunk and little subcutaneous fat. Sprinters and long-distance runners are mesomorphic, while middle-distance runners present more mixed mesomorph-ectomorph type. The principal component analysis highlighted the importance of the overall size of the body, limbs musculature and the length of the lower limb together with its segments, and also body fatness. This approach emphasized the morphological distinctiveness of runners at particular distances and allows the use of somatic features as predictors of running performance.

THU059 Increased Intracellular And Extracellular Myocardial Masses On Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Patents With Acromegaly

Abstract Disclosure: P. Wolf: None. K. Bouazizi: None. N. Kachenoura: None. C. Piedvache: None. A. Gallo: None. S. Salenave: None. L. Maione: None. J. Young: None. M. Prigent: None. A. Lecoq: None. E. Kuhn: None. H. Agostini: None. S. Trabado: None. A. Redheuil: None. P. Chanson: Research Investigator; Self; Pfizer. P. Kamenicky: None. Background: Acromegaly is associated with an increased left ventricular mass, as reported in echo-based and more recently in few cardiac MRI studies. One possible explanation of this increased ventricular mass could be water retention and consequently edema of the ventricular wall. Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study 26 patients with active acromegaly and 31 control subjects of comparable age and sex were investigated by cardiac MRI. Patients were explored before and after GH/IGF-I lowering treatment. Cardiac morphology, function and myocardial tissue characteristics were assessed. T2 times were used as a reflect of intramyocardial water content. Results: Ventricular mass (58.08 (54.71; 68.6) vs 46.02 (41.27; 49.82) g/m2; p&amp;lt;0.001) and volume (97.25 (88; 101.21) vs 81.64 (78.08; 96.23) mL/m2; p= 0.0069) were higher in patients compared to controls, without affecting cardiac function. T2 times were not increased in active acromegaly. Both, intracellular (87.9 (71.2; 103.6) vs 67.2 (51.6; 76.9) g/m2; p&amp;lt;0.001) and extracellular (31.9 (26.1; 36.6) vs 21.8 (19.2;24.7) g/m2; p&amp;lt;0.001) myocardial mass were higher in patients compared to controls. GH, but not IGF-I strongly correlated with myocardial mass (r=0.756; p&amp;lt;0.001). In multiple regression analysis, in addition to male sex and HDL cholesterol, the presence of acromegaly was an independent predictor of total myocardial mass and extracellular mass, whereas systolic arterial blood pressure predicted intracellular mass. GH/IGF-I lowering treatment reduced intracellular mass and ventricular volume, without affecting other myocardial tissue characteristics. Discussion: Acromegaly results in a disease specific form of myocardial hypertrophy, characterized by an increase in intra- and extracellular mass, which is reversed after GH/IGF-I lowering treatment. This increase in ventricular mass is thus different to previous observations in essential hypertension. No differences in T2 times suggest against myocardial water retention in active acromegaly as explication of increased extracellular mass. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

Purification of functional mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria using percoll density gradient centrifugation

ObjectiveOur goal was to isolate purified mitochondria from mouse skeletal muscle using a Percoll density gradient and to assess bioenergetic function and purity via Seahorse Extracellular Flux (XF) Analyses and mass spectrometry.ResultsMitochondria isolated from murine quadriceps femoris skeletal muscle using a Percoll density gradient method allowed for minimally contaminated preparations with time from tissue harvest to mitochondrial isolation and quantification in about 3–4 h. Percoll purification from 100 to 200 mg fresh tissue yielded ~ 200–400 ug protein. Mitochondrial bioenergetics evaluated using the Seahorse XFe96 analyzer, a high-throughput respirometry platform, showed optimum mitochondrial input at 500 ng with respiratory control ratio ranging from 3.9 to 7.1 using various substrates demonstrating a high degree of functionality. Furthermore, proteomic analysis of Percoll-enriched mitochondria isolated from skeletal muscle using this method showed significant enrichment of mitochondrial proteins indicating high sample purity. This study established a methodology that ensures sufficient high quality mitochondria for downstream analyses such as mitochondrial bioenergetics and proteomics.