External Storage Devices Research Articles

Automated Hubs-Patching: Protection Against Malware Spread Through Reduced Scale-Free Networks and External Storage Devices

Automated Hubs-Patching: Protection Against Malware Spread Through Reduced Scale-Free Networks and External Storage Devices

Transparent Encryption for External Storage Media with Mobile-Compatible Key Management by Crypto Ciphershield

Evidently, there is a widespread adoption of external storage devices in contemporary situations, including USB sticks, SD cards, and flash memory devices. If, on the other hand, these devices are misplaced or lost, the presence of sensitive data on them can provide a potential security risk. The currently available encryption solutions frequently have usability issues, which necessitate that users continually input keys or login credentials across a variety of portable devices. The study offers a solution that overcomes these difficulties by integrating key caching with time-delayed deletion within the MobileShielded Encryption Framework (MoSEF). This method is our reaction to the problem. There are two distinct iterations of this idea that we have developed. The initial version, which functions flawlessly even in the absence of deliberate user intervention, achieves this by restricting the use of external storage to only temporary data transfers.Within the file system, the second variant makes it possible to handle numerous encryption keys for different files. This is made possible by a trusted host on the file system. By eliminating the need to share keys or passwords, timed key caching significantly improves both the level of security and the level of usability of a system. In addition to ensuring interoperability with mobile devices, our solution, which is incorporated within the MoSEF architecture, provides plaintext encryption for external storage media. To reduce the likelihood of data breaches and illegal access, this strategy offers users a mechanism that is both convenient and safe for managing sensitive data when they are on the move.

Modeling and Qualitative Dynamics of the Effects of Internal and External Storage device in a Discrete Fractional Computer Virus

Modeling and Qualitative Dynamics of the Effects of Internal and External Storage device in a Discrete Fractional Computer Virus

Research data management competencies of researchers in selected public universities in South Africa

PurposeIn today's global and competitive corporate environment characterised by rapidly changing information, knowledge and technology (IKT), researchers must be upskilled in all aspects of research data management (RDM). This study investigates a set of capabilities and competencies required by researchers at selected South African public universities, using the community capability model framework (CCMF) in conjunction with the digital curation centre (DCC) lifecycle model.Design/methodology/approachThe post-positivist paradigm was used in the study, which used both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Case studies, both qualitative and quantitative, were used as research methods. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic rules and regulations, semi-structured interviews with 23 study participants were conducted online via Microsoft Teams to collect qualitative data, and questionnaires were converted into Google Forms and emailed to 30 National Research Foundation (NRF)-rated researchers to collect quantitative data.FindingsParticipating institutions are still in the initial stages of providing RDM services. Most researchers are unaware of how long their institutions retain research data, and they store and backup their research data on personal computers, emails and external storage devices. Data management, research methodology, data curation, metadata skills and technical skills are critically important RDM competency requirements for both staff and researchers. Adequate infrastructure, as well as human resources and capital, are in short supply. There are no specific capacity-building programmes or strategies for developing RDM skills at the moment, and a lack of data curation skills is a major challenge in providing RDM.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study can be applied widely in research, teaching and learning. Furthermore, the research could help shape RDM strategy and policy in South Africa and elsewhere.Originality/valueThe scope, subject matter and application of this study contribute to its originality and novelty.

Research on Multi-objective Optimal Configuration of Distributed Energy Storage System

The purpose is to improve the absorption capacity of new energy generation added to the power system, the distributed energy storage system (ESS) is introduced. Considering the new energy generation as the main distributed power supply is united to the power grid, the mathematical model of wind-photoelectric-energy storage system is constructed. Taking active power loss, voltage offset and comprehensive cost as objectives, a multi-objective internal and external layer optimization energy storage device configuration model is established. The outer layer uses branch and bound method to locate the location of energy storage. In the inner layer, NSGA-II algorithm is used to optimize the capacity and the situation of storing or releasing power. Eventually, the IEEE 30 node test system with distributed power supply is used for simulation, and the optimal location, capacity and charging/discharging strategy of the ESS in the grid topology are obtained. The results verify the rationality of the configured energy storage, and show that system can absorb distributed energy to a certain extent.

Ultrasensitive memristor-based gas sensor (gasistor) with gas-triggered switch and memory function for dilute NH3 detection

Accurately recording the time of toxic gas leakage is beneficial to find out the cause of the accident and evaluate the safety of the equipment. However, conventional gas sensors do not have the memory function without external storage devices. To develop gas sensors with both sensing and memory functions, memristor-based gas sensors have been proposed. The memristor-based gas sensors could be used as gas-triggered switch and gas sensors with a built-in memory, which was named gasistor. In this study, a TiO2-based gasistor was proposed for dilute NH3 detection at room temperature (RT). The gasistor displayed bipolar resistive switching behavior, excellent repeatability and stability. Gas-sensing measurements showed that TiO2-based gasistor could be used for ultrasensitive detection of NH3. The response to 1 ppm NH3 in the high resistance state (HRS) was as high as 164.2, and the response/recovery time was < 1 s, respectively. Especially, as the NH3 concentration decreased, the gasistor switched from the HRS to the low resistance state (LRS) and the NH3 leakage time was recorded. Based on the experimental results, we propose a more realistic gas-triggered switch mechanism model, which can be used to provide a reference for the prediction of gas-triggered voltage and compliance voltage.

Implementasi File Server dan Sharing Printer Pada Kantor Desa Nunu Kecamatan Rainis Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud

The era of globalization is one of the impacts of the development of information technology. The rapid development of technology and communication networks makes it easier for people to get information. Nunu Village is one of the villages in the Talaud Islands Regency on the border area of Indonesia and the Philippines. The research team made observations at the Village Office by conducting interviews with village heads and staff. The results of the observation focus on queuing in using computer or printer access. This happened because the data was stored on a certain computer and the printer was only connected to one computer in the Nunu Village Secretary's room. In Nunu Village, it is still done by sharing data from one computer to another manually, using external data storage devices such as flash drives and hard drives. Doing so can spread viruses and spyware that can damage computer data and operating systems. The initiative researcher conducts an online network system with implementation at the Village office

Saving of Time Using a Software-Based versus a Manual Workflow for Toric Intraocular Lens Calculation and Implantation.

Background: To determine whether there is a significant saving of time when using a digital cataract workflow for digital data transfer compared to a manual approach of biometry assessment, data export, intraocular lens calculation, and surgery time. Methods: In total, 48 eyes of 24 patients were divided into two groups: 24 eyes were evaluated using a manual approach, whereas another 24 eyes underwent a full digital lens surgery workflow. The primary variables for comparison between both groups were the overall time as well as several time steps starting at optical biometry acquisition until the end of the surgical lens implantation. Other outcomes, such as toric intraocular lens misalignment, reduction of cylinder, surgically induced astigmatism, prediction error, and distance visual acuity were measured. Results: Overall, the total diagnostic and surgical time was reduced from 1364.1 ± 202.6 s in the manual group to 1125.8 ± 183.2 s in the digital group (p < 0.001). The complete time of surgery declined from 756.5 ± 82.3 s to 667.3 ± 56.3 (p < 0.0005). Compared to the manual approach of biometric data export and intraocular lens calculation (76.7 ± 12.3 s) as well as the manual export of the reference image to a portable external storage device (26.8 ± 5.5 s), a highly significant saving of time was achieved (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Using a software-based digital approach to toric intraocular lens implantation is convenient, more efficient, and thus more economical than a manual workflow in surgery practice.

Self-powered and high sensitivity ionic skins by using versatile organogel

Based on organogels, the new ionic skins with self-powered function are highly desirable to develop sensors, human-machine interaction and flexible wearable devices but remain an enormous challenge to develop. Here, we report an ionic skin device based on organogel with surface microstructure, which is flexible, highly sensitive and conductive. It can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy in the case of compression and release. The ionic skin device can not only be made into a flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity (6.64 kPa−1), but also be assembled into a tensile sensor with high sensitivity (43.02 MPa−1) and high linearity (99.41%) in a wide detection range (0–1.1 MPa). what’s more, the device generated stable electrical signal outputs (current ~ 1.7 mA, voltage ~ 60 mV), which can be used as ionic skin with self-powered function, which has never been reported on other sensors so far. On the basis of eliminating the external energy storage devices, it is safer and easier to carry. In addition, the organogel can be used as flexible electrodes in capacitive sensor, and good adhesion properties can help to improve the performance of sensors. The organogel has also the function of 3D printing, and can design different structures according to requirements. It shows good performance response in monitoring human physiological signals and motion signals, which provides a new direction for the development of intelligent devices.

Intelligent Compression Scheme for Securing Storage Preservation in Virtualized Hybrid Cloud

Cloud computing is one of the most important tasks that will lead to a more productive stage. This means that most of the important cloud computing issues have been resolved to a lesser or greater extent, and sky has become a big demand across the entire commercial operation. However, the data security permissions you can still avoid and that many users on how to transfer data to an external storage device. Client-side data compression, in particular, allows multiple transfers of the same content, but exhausting network bandwidth and storage capacity per download. Compression is actively used by a number of cloud backup services, as well as various services in the cloud. Unfortunately, encrypted data is fake and may therefore not be redundant. As a result, legislation will completely give away either security or storage efficiency.

Fast continuous streaming sort in big streaming data environment under fixed-size single storage.

Big streaming data environment concerns a complicated scenario where data to be processed continuously flow into a processing unit and certainly cause a memory overflow problem. This obstructs the adaptation of deploying all existing classic sorting algorithms because the data to be sorted must be entirely stored inside the fixed-size storage including the space in internal and external storage devices. Generally, it is always assumed that the size of each data chunk is not larger than the size of storage (M) but in fact the size of the entire stream (n) is usually much larger than M. In this paper, a new fast continuous streaming sorting is proposed to cope with the constraint of storage overflow. The algorithm was tested with various real data sets consisting of 10,000 to 17,000,000 numbers and different storage sizes ranging from 0.01n to 0.50n. It was found that the feasible lower bound of storage size is 0.35n with 100% sorting accuracy. The sorting time outperforms bubble sort, quick sort, insertion sort, and merge sort when data size is greater than 1,000,000 numbers. Remarkably, the sorting time of the proposed algorithm is 1,452 times less than the sorting time of external merge sort and 28.1767 times less than the sorting time of streaming data sort. The time complexity of proposed algorithm is O(n) while the space complexity is O(M).

Optimization of the configurations of the control complex of the integrated navigation bridge of the ship by the method of multiprogramming

In the concept of development of E-navigation, large control systems for navigation, navigation safety, optimization of ship operation, and cargo operations are being developed. The vector of the direction of this development leads to fully automatic management of the maritime industry and individual segments, such as navigation and terminal operations, with the transfer of unified databases to “cloud” technologies. In modern control systems, a significant number of programs for processing information flows and databases are required from external sources. The method of addressing “cloud” technologies and external storage devices, which are updated in real-time, and a complete transition from analog, analog-digital, only to digital media and information processing systems, is adopted. The method of addressing “cloud” technologies and external storage devices, which are updated in real-time, and a complete transition from analog, analog-digital, only to digital media and information processing systems, is adopted. Modern computer systems for helping the navigator in making decisions are shifting to the area of deep integration of control actions and information processing in real perception and optimization of a verified and safe algorithm of actions. The time of work with such complexes depends on the efficiency in organizing data exchange in the “man-machine” system. In the study, an algorithm was developed for deep optimization of the control complex of the ship, to minimize and create a control shell of the “man-machine” system, using the multiprogramming method to stabilize the route passage.

A Comparative Study on the Performance of the IB+ &lt;i&gt;Tree&lt;/i&gt; and the I2B+ &lt;i&gt;Tree&lt;/i&gt;

Index structures were often used to optimise fetch operations to external storage devices (secondary memory). Nowadays, this also holds for increasingly large amounts of data residing in main-memory (primary memory). Within this scope, this work focuses on index structures that efficiently insert, query and delete valid-time data from very large datasets. This work performs a comparative study on the performance of the Interval B+ tree (IB+ tree) and the Improved Interval B+ tree (I2B+ tree): a variant that improves the time-efficiency of the deletion operation by reducing the number of traversed nodes to access siblings. We performed an extensive analysis of the performance of two operations: insertions and deletions, on both index structures, using multiple datasets with growing volumes of data, distinct temporal distributions and tree parameters (time-split alpha and node order). Results confirm that the I2B+ tree globally outperforms the IB+ tree, since, on average, deletion operations are 7% faster, despite insertions requiring 2% more time. Furthermore, results also allowed to determine the key factors that augment the performance difference on deletions between both trees.

A Comparative Study on the Performance of the IB+&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Tree&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;and the I2B+&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Tree&lt;/i&gt;

Index structures were often used to optimise fetch operations to external storage devices (secondary memory). Nowadays, this also holds for increasingly large amounts of data residing in main-memory (primary memory). Within this scope, this work focuses on index structures that efficiently insert, query and delete valid-time data from very large datasets. This work performs a comparative study on the performance of the Interval B+ tree (IB+ tree) and the Improved Interval B+ tree (I2B+ tree): a variant that improves the time-efficiency of the deletion operation by reducing the number of traversed nodes to access siblings. We performed an extensive analysis of the performance of two operations: insertions and deletions, on both index structures, using multiple datasets with growing volumes of data, distinct temporal distributions and tree parameters (time-split alpha and node order). Results confirm that the I2B+ tree globally outperforms the IB+ tree, since, on average, deletion operations are 7% faster, despite insertions requiring 2% more time. Furthermore, results also allowed to determine the key factors that augment the performance difference on deletions between both trees.

Казус Шерешевского как предельный случай гипермнезии: гипер-человеческое или уход от человеческого в сфере памяти?

The article deals with the problem of hyper-memory and two main mechanisms of its development: the mechanism of the ultimate development of analogization, schematization and algorithmization and the mechanism of escape from reality to the sphere of the imaginary by rejecting logical generalization and increasing the imaginative component of thinking. Based on the understanding of the effecti­veness of memory according to Korsakov, the author compares the features of mechanical memorization, characteristic of artificial devices and systems, and the cases of hyper-memory development in humans, especially highlighting the case of Shereshevsky as a case of the most pronounced and comprehensive hypermnesia. The article highlights the features of the memory of a phenomenal mnemonist distinguishing it from the memory of an ordinary person, and from the “memory” of external storage devices. The author analyzes the features of the mechanisms of information fixation and reproduction in the case of Shere­shevsky, presented in the works of Luria and Leontiev, as well as the areas and features of the manifestation of phenomenal memory in other cases of “regional hyper-memory” (genius, hyperthymnesia, Savant syndrome). The author con­cludes that in the case of general hypermnesia, characteristic of Shereshevsky, the memorization procedure is associated with the obligatory “separation from real­ity” and the replacement of the plan of the real with the plan of the imaginary, but the condition for the possibility of such replacement is the maximum reduction of the “higher type” memory associated with logical operations and abstraction, as well as the rejection of the principle of arbitrariness of the sign. The author comes to the conclusion that the direction of development of human hyper-memory, characteristic of the case of Shereshevsky and based on imaginative-emotional perception, is directly opposite to the artificial type of memory mechanism.

Fabrication of composite material based nanogenerator for electricity generation enhancement of food waste by-product

This study reports the fabrication of egg shell membrane and ZnO composite based triboelectric nanogenerator for enhanced output energy harvesting. With rapid economic growth, demand for energy is increasing, and continuous efforts are required in this direction, especially to harvest energy from natural sources. Triboelectric nanogenerators have attracted much attention to harvest electric energy from mechanical energy available in the environment. Efforts are required to fabricate and test new materials for triboelectric nanogenerators to enhance efficiency and to reduce cost. The performance of these generators can be altered by surface modification of two contact layers. In this study, biocompatible and waste food by-product egg shell membrane surface is modified by fabricating its composite with ZnO nanorods. Tribocharging behavior of egg membrane, ZnO nanorods, and egg membrane/ZnO composite is compared, and results show that these fabricated nanogenerators are able to lighten up green LEDs without any external energy storage device. A capacitor is also charged, and a digital watch is turned ON with these nanogenerators. Characterization of synthesized materials is done by various techniques scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis of the egg membrane and its composite is also reported.

Architectural Support for NVRAM Persistence in GPUs

Non-volatile Random Access Memories (NVRAM) have emerged in recent years to bridge the performance gap between the main memory and external storage devices, such as Solid State Drives (SSD). In addition to higher storage density, NVRAM provides byte-addressability, higher bandwidth, near-DRAM latency, and easier access compared to block devices such as traditional SSDs. This enables new programming paradigms taking advantage of durability and larger memory footprint. With the range and size of GPU workloads expanding, NVRAM will present itself as a promising addition to GPU's memory hierarchy. To utilize the non-volatility of NVRAMs, programs should allow durable stores, maintaining consistency through a power loss event. This is usually done through a logging mechanism that works in tandem with a transaction execution layer which can consist of a transactional memory or a locking mechanism. Together, this results in a transaction processing system that preserves the ACID properties. GPUs are designed with high throughput in mind, leveraging high degrees of parallelism. Transactional memory proposals enable fine-grained transactions at the GPU thread-level. However, with lower write bandwidths compared to that of DRAMs, using NVRAM as-is may yield sub-optimal overall system performance when threads experience long latency. To address this problem, we propose using Helper Warps to move persistence out of the critical path of transaction execution, alleviating the impact of latencies. Our mechanism achieves a speedup of 4.4 and 1.5 under bandwidth limits of 1.6 GB/s and 12 GB/s and is projected to maintain speed advantage even when NVRAM bandwidth gets as high as hundreds of GB/s in certain cases. Due to the speedup, our proposed method also results in reduction in overall energy consumption.

CSMqGraph: Coarse-Grained and Multi-external-storage Multi-queue I/O Management for Graph Computing

As graphs continue growing, external storage graph processing systems serve as a promising alternative to distributed in-memory solutions for low cost and high scalability. To obtain high I/O throughput, these systems usually use multiple external storage devices. They adopt the operating system I/O management method based on striped volume, resulting in unsatisfactory performance, such as low sequential bandwidth utilization of each external storage device, limited I/O parallelism and expensive management overhead. In this paper, we analyzed the problems of the operating system I/O management method based on striped volume. Then we designed CSMqGraph, a graph processing system adopts coarse-grained striping method matching sequential large I/O to fully utilize the maximum sequential bandwidth of each external storage device and an I/O management strategy based on multi-external-storage multi-queue making I/O threads dedicated to each external storage device to further improve I/O throughput and fully exploit the parallelism of multiple external storage devices. For different graph algorithms and datasets, our evaluation shows that CSMqGraph consistently outperforms state-of-the-art engines GridGraph by up to 40%, and has better I/O scalability.

Numerical modeling and analysis of self-powered synchronous switching circuit for the study of transient charging behavior of a vibration energy harvester

Enhancement of power harvesting efficiency in piezoelectric energy harvesters through a non-linear electronic interfacing circuit is a well-established research area with potentially significant implications on piezoelectric energy harvesting efficiency. Among various types of synchronous switching circuits available in the literature, a self-powered electronic breaker is widely studied. Nonetheless, due to the interdisciplinary nature of this field, many of the currently available analyses tend to overlook and/or simplify certain aspects of this dynamical system. As a result, a comprehensive model of the system that considers accurate coupling effect of the interfacing and storage circuitry, as well as detailed analysis of the system during transient capacitor charging and energy harvesting operation is still missing. This paper thus aims at the problem of modeling a piezoelectric energy harvester with an Synchronized Switch Harvesting on Inductor (SSHI) circuit and a self-powered electronic breaker. A semi-analytic numerical model is proposed that is able to accurately simulate the operation of the system during transient process of charging an external storage device. Experiment validation confirms the accuracy of the proposed model considering the exact electromechanical coupling effect and transient charging dynamics with SSHI circuit and the model’s performance in estimating system transient behavior. Furthermore, a systematic parametric study is performed in order to analyze the effects of different system components on the energy harvesting efficiency during transient operation.

Using the object ID index as an investigative approach for NTFS file systems

When investigating an incident it is important to document user activity, and to document which storage device was connected to which computer. We present a new approach to documenting user activity in computer systems using the NTFS file system by using the $ObjId Index to document user activity, and to correlate this index with the corresponding records in the MFT table. This may be the only possible approach when investigating external NTFS storage devices, and is hence a valuable addition to the storage forensics toolbox.