Extent Of Community Participation Research Articles

Partnership Building in Public Policing: Communities’ Perceptions towards the Role of Community Policing Forums in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa

The study sought to explain whether the Community Policing Forum initiative is an ideal partnership-building technique for crime prevention in Fortgale and Southernwood in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study further shed light on the nature and extent of community participation in the Community Policing Forum meetings. Lastly, the study identified the nature and extent of the most salient problems or barriers between the communities and the police regarding Community Policing Forum and crime prevention. This study employed a quantitative approach, comprising the pre-experimental design (one short case study) and non-probability, judgmental sampling. The sample size comprised 150 respondents recruited from each one of the two areas of study. The findings showed that the Community Policing Forum is working for both areas of study. Police and the public are working hand in hand in fighting barriers that may hamper its effectiveness. The public from both areas is well-educated about community policing. State the conclusions and the recommendations. The outcome of the study will improve the relationship between the police and the public since they cannot work in isolation. Keywords: Community Policing Forums, Police, Crime, Community, SAPS

Level of community contribution toward the financing of health care services in Jigawa state

Community involvement in health related activities is generally acknowledged by international and national health planners to be the key to the successful organization of primary health care, comparatively little is known about its potential and limitations. Drawing on the experiences of Jigawa State, this paper reports on research undertaken to compare and contrast the scope and Extent of community participation in the delivery of primary health care in a community run and financed health post and a state run and financed health post. Unlike many other health posts in Jigawa these facilities do provide effective curative services, and neither of them suffers from chronic shortage of drugs. However, community-financing did not appear to widen the scope and the extent of participation. Villagers in both communities relied on the health post for the treatment of less than one-third of symptoms, and despite the planners' intentions, community involvement outside participation in benefits was found to be very limited. Aim: This study assess the level of community contribution toward the financing of health care services in Jigawa state, Nigeria Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive research was conducted on the respondents. The study population comprised the entire eligible respondent in a case study of government hospitals in Jigawa state Nigeria within the study area, who were selected and agreed to participate in the study. Sample sizes of One Hundred (100), respondents were recruited using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using Questionnaire Data collected was coded, entered, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Result: The cooperation within department and with other departments in cooperation with equals was very good were 65(68.4%), good were 17(17.9%), Ok were 10(10.5%), not so good were 3(3.2%) and bad were 0(0.0%) respectively. The cooperation within department and with other departments in cooperation with PWD was Very good were 50(52.6%), good were 25(26.3%), Ok were 12(12.6%), not so good were 5(5.3%) and bad were 3(3.2%) respectively. In this studied many of the respondents has Diploma with 38.9% as their highest education qualification working with the Jigawa State Healthcare. Therefore, there is need for the continuous education programme of the health workers in the facility for proper and effective conduct of operations. Conclusions: The findings from this study will help to develop programs that can improve knowledge of community Health Financing and services provided by the health-care system and can reduce burden on government by providing other alternative.

Community Participation in the Delivery of Municipal Council Services in Zambia – A Case Study of Choma District

Community Participation in the Delivery of Municipal Council Services in Zambia – A Case Study of Choma District

Community-Based Watershed Development Processes and Extent of Community Participation in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia

This study describes processes followed and involvement of community members in implementation of community-based watershed development (CBWD) projects in three micro-watersheds (Adef Wuha, Guansa and Tija Baji) in northwest Ethiopia. Data was collected through household survey from systematically selected 114 household heads that possessed farmlands in the study watersheds. Focus group discussion and key informant interviews were also conducted to collect supplementary qualitative information. Participation index (PI) was used to measure the extent of community participation in the different activities of watershed development. The results showed that the extent of community participation could be rated as moderate, with a PI score of about 63%. The communities had actively participated in the selection of members of Community Watershed Planning Teams (CWPT) and in discussions on watershed development plans subsequently developed, identifying problems and prioritizing local needs and in preparations of conservation bylaws. They also actively participated in the implementation of physical soil and water conservation (SWC) (terraces, cutoff drains, water ways, check-dams, hand-dug well and spring development) and biological measures (afforestation, planting trees and grasses, and nursery development). The households received food and hand tools (e.g. spade) in return for their participation. Dependency to food and material support, high expert turnover, low level and partiality of bylaws implementation, shortage of grazing land and fuel wood were the main challenges that affect the sustainability of the watershed development outcomes. In other words, these should be addressed to ensure sustainability of the achievements. Keywords: Land degradation; community watershed conservation; participation index; Ethiopia DOI: 10.7176/JRDM/87-02 Publication date: September 30 th 2022

Community Participation in Sustainable Tourism Management at Cemara Beach, Mojomulyo Village, Jember Regency

This study wants to know the extent of community participation and the role of government in community-based and sustainable tourism management in Cemara Beach, Jember Regency. This study uses qualitative research methods, with in-depth interviews with several key informants. The findings in this study include: First, the forerunner of the formation of Cemara Beach by people who care about the environment. Second, tourism as an alternative source of income for local communities. Third, the lack of local government support in coastal management. In short, the need for multi-stakeholder collaboration in managing sustainable tourism so that it has an economic impact on society and the environment is maintained

Land Preservation Uptakes in the Escarpments of North-Eastern Ethiopia: Drivers, Sustainability, and Constraints

Agricultural land is an indispensable resource for agrarian communities worldwide. There is a growing awareness that the world’s arable land supplies are limited and finite. For the last five decades, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) and other development organisations have carried out land preservation uptakes intended to curb the effects of land degradation and improve agricultural productivity through various soil and water conservation practices (SWCPs). The study assessed the sustainability, drivers, and constraints of SWCPs in Dessie Zuria and Kutaber Woredas of South Wollo. We used the exploratory case study approach, involving qualitative and quantitative methods. Catastrophic weather conditions, the presence of the soil and water conservation program, and declining soil fertility were the top drivers influencing the program’s implementation. Based on the identified farm-level indicators and views of the respondents, physical measures were more sustainable than biological and mixed methods. The prominent factors hurdling the intervention were lack of tenure security, risk of rodent infestation, and losing a sense of ownership. Training community members on the importance of land preservation, amending the existing rigid land tenure policy, incorporating indigenous SWCPs, broadening the scale and extent of community participation, and enforcing laws and bylaws are recommended for the upcoming interventions. The finding has implications for land preservation and food security actors working to scale up evidence-based sustainable land management practices to the broader area.

Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata Di Kampung Lengkong, Kecamatan Cigombong, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat

The purpose of the study was to see the extent of community participation in the development of tourist villages in the village of Lengkong, Cigombong, Bogor Regency, West Java and what factors were inhibiting and supporting it. This study uses data collection through in-depth interviews to each resource person who is considered capable of providing information in accordance with research needs.The resulting data shows that community participation in the Lengkong village in terms of developing a tourist village is still very low. This can be seen from community participation in development planning, community participation in the implementation of development and community participation in monitoring and evaluating what has been done. There are supporting factors such as natural resources, awareness of the administrators, age, duration of stay, the role of the STIAMI Institute, and the role of the government as well as the Tourism Village Association. Whereas the factors that hinder community participation are education, lack of motivation, work, and communication.

Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) to Enhance Participation of Racial/Ethnic Minorities in Clinical Trials: A 10-Year Systematic Review

ABSTRACT There has not been a significant improvement in the rate of clinical trial accrual in more than 20 years. Worse, the challenge of inadequate representation among racial and ethnic minorities also persists, deepening disparities in health. Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is a participatory communication method that centers on effective dialogue between researchers and community stakeholders with the goal of creating an equitable partnership for health and social change. The objective of the current study was to provide an update since a systematic review in 2012, on the current status of the empirical research, with a particular focus on the elements of CBPR methods used to improve the rate of accrual of members of racial and ethnic minority communities for clinical trials. Our systematic review found a large increase in the number of CBPR related studies and studies related to racial and ethnic representation in research. More than 85% of studies employing CBPR methods saw statistically positive outcomes. Specifically, the elements of CBPR that are associated with these positive outcomes include community partner participation in (1) a study advisory committee, (2) data collection, (3) the development of interventions, and (4) participant recruitment. However, the results of our study indicate that researchers need to be more transparent about the extent of community participation as well as more thoroughly and accurately describe the nature of the partnership with members of minority communities in order to build upon the scientific literature on community-engaged methods.

Socio-Physical Transformation towards Sustainable Urban Morphology through Land Readjustment in Indonesia

In the development sector, the need for land is increasing, resulting in the higher land value and land use mismatches. Urban areas have a relatively fixed area, while the need for land continues to increase. Weaknesses in urban management lead to speculation, illegal land use, and slums. Development activities should impact the physical, environmental, economic, and social conditions of the community [29]. The development process often pays little attention to these matters. In the last few decades, we have observed a very rapid social transformation process in urban areas that has changed the morphology of Indonesian cities. This transformation has accelerated after the implementation of regional autonomy in Indonesia since 1999. Land conflicts in urban areas do not end, so it is necessary to consolidate land as an activity to restructure land tenure, land use, and land acquisition to improve environmental quality and preserve natural resources and ecosystems by involving the community to play an active role. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which land readjustment in Indonesia can improve the efficiency and productivity of morphological transformation of urban land use, the extent of community participation, and its alignments to low-income people and their handling of slum areas. This study uses qualitative exploratory research methods and normative juridical approach methods through library studies. It uses the legislative approach, fact approach, and conceptual approach and primary data in the form of interviews to complete library studies. The study results show that land readjustment can improve the efficiency and productivity of morphological transformation of urban land use optimally and it is an effective way that contributes to the spatial planning that is more just, integrated and sustainable.

Extent of Community Participation in the Ecotourism Project in Caramoan, Camarines Sur, Philippines

Among the municipalities in Camarines Sur, Caramoan presents great economic potential. Along with the town’s popularity and perceived ecotourism sustainability, it is important that the dynamics of community participation in the ecotourism projects is understood in order to analyze its significance in sustaining or maintaining the ecotourism projects. This study determined the extent of community participation in the ecotourism project in Caramoan, Camarines Sur. Data were gathered using quantitative method. Self-admi- nistered questionnaires were distributed to a total of 97 household heads in Barangay Paniman. Chi-square test of independence, which used 0.5 level of significance, was employed in testing the relationship between the household heads’ socio-demographic characteristics, level of awareness, nature of participation, and level of participation. Findings revealed that the nature of participation of the household heads can be described as mere followers of the leaders and supervisors of the project. They involved themselves in the project because they believed that they could be of help to the project and they could benefit from it. The extent of community participation of Barangay Paniman falls under the third level of participation which is participated by consultation. Based on this, it can be said that the level of community participation in the area is low. Of the variables tested for possible relationship with each other, the respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics were found to be significantly related to their nature of participation. In addition, the respondents’ level of participation was found to be significantly related only to their membership in organizations.

The Extent of Community Participation in Constituency Development Fund (CDF) Project Identification in Mwense Constituency

ABSTRACTThis study assessed the extent of community participation in Constituency Development Fund (CDF) project identification, in Mwense constituency of Mwense district in Zambia. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. The sampling methods used were a combination of stratified proportionate random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The sample size was 140 respondents. Quantitative data, which was collected using structured questionnaires was cleaned, coded and subjected to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 17.0), with the use of Pearson Chi-square to test the hypothesis, analyse and interpret data. Qualitative data was clustered along with main themes of the research for ease consolidation and interpretation of information. The study assessed that the extent of community participation on CDF project identification was simply by informing them on what is planned. The study also established that Councillors and the Area Member of Parliament were the ones who were identifying CDF projects in the constituency.

Community Participation Medico-Legal Concepts to Identify Unclaimed or Missing Dead Bodies from Public Mortuaries to Improve Public Health in Western Kenya

Community participation in medico-legal form bench-mark of health determinants and quality integrated services towards criminal justice support in health. Globally, over 44 million cases of unclaimed bodies or missing dead persons (UCBOMDPs) occur annually, 88% of these cases are in Sub Saharan Africa. In western Kenya and Kenya the rate of UCBOMDPs from road traffic accidents accounts 30% and 10% respectively, 80% of these UCBOMDPs are associated with limited community participation/next of kins in identification of UCBOMDPs, thus prevailing chronic prevalence of occupational health and safety hazards in public mortuaries. The study aimed to assess extent of community participation, uptake of community mortuary services and awareness on quality medico-legal concepts, training, embalming and assess how of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of service providers influence the uptake of medico-legal concepts to mitigate occupational health and safety hazards and improve health. In Exploratory and cross sectional, 235 respondents were investigated through purposive and saturated sampling using structured questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGDs), observations and key informant interviews (KII) guides to collect data. Analysed statistical inferences and contents analysis to saturation, results showed, 94% of mortuary service providers in tier 4 were primary and secondary education drop outs of males, on contract jobs with limited access to quality forensic in mortuary science, contrarily to trained females and males counterparts from tiers 5 and 6 mortuary facilities on permanent. Embalming by gravitation method significant OD (1.2, 0.44). Prevalence of male being admitted as UCBOMDPs in the community was significant with, OD (8.3, 0.12), RR (0.33), 95% CI (1.23, 1.02), significance were associated with male deliberately leaving IDs in houses for anonymity. Community participation in medico-legal concepts were sufficient than Detective police with OD (0.43, 6.0), 95% CI (2.12, 1.34). Advocacy to empower community comprehensively and holistically in medico-legal concepts remains vital.

Extent of Community Participation in Funding of Secondary School in Abakaliki Education Zone of Ebonyi State

Extent of Community Participation in Funding of Secondary School in Abakaliki Education Zone of Ebonyi State

Extent of Community Participation in Prevention & Control of HIV/AIDS in Akpulu, Imo State, Nigeria

Extent of Community Participation in Prevention & Control of HIV/AIDS in Akpulu, Imo State, Nigeria

Toward Web 5.0 in Italian Regional Destination Marketing

The exploitation of Web opportunities for market destinations fosters the co-creating destination value through engaging diverse stakeholders in social communication and knowledge sharing. Leveraging the body of destination management literature focused on Web 2.0, we introduce the debate on the Web’s evolution from 2.0 to 5.0, identifying best practices in digital marketing and the use of innovative Web tools in four Italian regional destinations. DMOs have largely adopted Web 2.0 tools fostering strong forms of stakeholder engagement in destination marketing and implementing Web 3.0 and Web 4.0 tools to support innovative forms of destination marketing. Of the Web 2.0 applications, social media marketing via Facebook seems to play the biggest role in engaging potential tourists, but performances differ among destinations, depending on the extent of community participation in content generation and the speed of reaction to content.

Towards a natural disaster intervention and recovery framework.

Contemporary responses to facilitate long-term recovery from large-scale natural disasters juxtapose between those of humanitarian agencies and governments and those of the affected community. The extent to which these mechanisms articulate is crucial to the recovery propensity of the affected communities. This research examines such action by exploring the relationship between the scale of post-disaster response interventions, the extent of community participation in them, and their impact on community recovery, using a community wealth capital framework. The investigation was applied to a study of the longer-term community recovery of the island of Vilufushi, Republic of Maldives, which was almost completely destroyed by the Indian Ocean tsunami of 26 December 2004. Data were analysed through the employment of a pattern match technique and a holistic recovery network analysis. The research framework, informed by the case-study results, other long-term recovery evaluations, and existing resilience theory, is reconfigured as a testable roadmap for future post-disaster interventions.

Extent of Community Participation in the Provision of School Plant in the Administration of Public Secondary Schools in Enugu State

The study examined the extent of community participation in the provision of school plant in the administration of public secondary schools in Enugu State. One research question and one null hypothesis guided the study. Descriptive survey research design employing simple random sampling was used to sample 7211 of all the principals and classroom teachers from both rural and urban schools in Enugu State: Out of which 702 respondents responded to the study. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. The questionnaire was face validated by experts in the field of education, a reliability co-efficient of 0.73 was obtained using croanbach alpha method of determining internal consistency of the instrument. The research question was answered using mean and grand mean while the hypothesis was tested using t-test statistics. The result revealed that the extent of community participation in the provision of school plant in public secondary schools in Enugu State was low. Significant differences did not exist in the mean perception scores of principals and teachers regarding the extent of community participation in provision of school plant in the public secondary schools in Enugu State. It was recommended among other things that regular interactive programmes for instance radio-link and meet the people-tour should be conducted for both the principals and community representatives, the need for provision of school plant in schools. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n4p53

Public School Earthquake Safety Program in Nepal

Earthquakesare one of the most significant natural hazards in Nepal and there is a long history of destructive earthquakes in the region. Despite the risk of earthquake disasters, however, school construction practice in Nepal has largely ignored the issues of structural safety. Most schools are built without following proper design guidelines. As an effective tool to reduce earthquake disaster risk in the public schools of Nepal, the Public School Earthquake Safety Program was recently initiated in Nepal. In this program, more than 1000 public schools from six districts of Nepal were evaluated for earthquake safety, and various awareness raising and retrofitting programs were implemented. This paper describes the program features, extent of community participation, retrofitting processes and lessons learned while implementing the earthquake safety program. It also demonstrates how school earthquake safety programs ultimately increase the seismic safety of the entire community in the Himalayan regions.

Community Participation and Basic Education Delivery in Calabar Education Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria

This study investigates the extent to which community participation contributes to basic education delivery in Calabar Education Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria. The study was guided by four objectives. A survey was carried out, using 135 respondents, randomly selected from five communities in the study area. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire, designed to elicit information on the extent of community participation. Respondents were also interviewed orally on possible ways of facilitating higher community participation. Data gathered were analyzed using simple percentages, and subjects’ responses were equally collated and reported. Results were presented and discussed in line with the study objectives. Findings reveal that community participation was very low in all the areas of consideration and the different communities sampled. Based on these findings, it was recommended that strategies should be explored for enhancing community participation in the education of their children for more positive results.

Decentralisation policy and practice in Ghana: the promise and reality of community participation in education in rural communities

In 1987, the government of Ghana embarked on a process to decentralise education management to districts as part of wider social and democratic governance reforms. A central part of this reform was the prescription of active community participation in the affairs of schools within their locality. This paper explores the different meanings community participation had for school community stakeholders. It examines the multiple understandings of how community and school relations work and the factors which influence this relationship. Drawing on case study data, it argues that much of the theoretical and policy expectations on representation and participation in education by community members are only evident in form, but not as intended in practice. In poor rural contexts, it is often the local elite and relatively more educated members of the community, who become the new brokers of decision-making and, through their actions, close up the spaces for representation and participation by community members in the affairs of schools. Furthermore, the extent of community participation appears to be shaped by a ‘social contract’ based on the principle of reciprocity of roles between the community and schools, and that increasingly teachers feel accountable to the traditional hierarchical educational structure, and not to the community. The paper argues that the realisation of decentralisation policy in education has to contend with the realities of local politics of influence in the community, and tap into the positive side of this influence to improve education service delivery.