Expression Patterns Of Isozymes Research Articles

Carbonic anhydrases II, IX, and XII in Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma.

The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of the cancer-associated carbonic anhydrases (CAs) II, IX, and XII in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We evaluated 101 archival specimens from patients with EAC as well as seven and 26 samples from patients with high-and low-grade dysplasia, respectively. In addition, normal esophageal squamous epithelium, gastric, and intestinal metaplasia were analyzed when present. The expression patterns of isozymes were detected by immunohistochemistry. CAII and CIX expression levels were lower in the squamous epithelium than in the columnar cells while CAXII showed an opposite pattern and was present mainly in squamous epithelium. Expression patterns in benign, dysplastic, or malignant esophageal columnar lesions were not significantly different. The assessment of clinicopathological associations showed that CAII was significantly downregulated in metastatic disease (p = 0.026). CAIX showed no association with prognosis, although there appeared to be an association (p = 0.056) between high expression and nodal spread. In conclusion, CAII, CAIX, and CAXII do not serve as biomarkers for different phases in the development of EAC.

Differential Expression and Functional Detection of Esterase Isozymes on Isoelectrofocussing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis from Mexican Beauveria bassiana isolates

The aim of the present study was to analyze the variation of esterase activity as well as the expression patterns of isozymes by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels (IF-PAGE) and conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Esterase activity and isoforms were analyzed on total proteins from 9 isolates of Beauveria bassiana, from different hosts and geographic areas from the State of Guerrero, Mexico. Total proteins were separated by IF-PAGE and PAGE, in order to characterize the activity and isoelectric points of the esterase isoforms detected on different isolates. Electrophoretic analysis from 9 isolates of Beauveria bassiana, revealed a polymorphic pattern in terms of esterases activity and the presence of isozymes, showing a total of 10 different isoforms with variations in both the activity and isoelectric point. Each isolate showed between 3-6 different isozymes. Cluster analysis derived from the Jaccards coefficients showed a significant association between the presence-absence of esterase isoforms and the geographical origin of the Beauveria bassiana isolates. We conclude that the use of this methodology for functional detection combined with PAGE and IF-PAGE, can be an excellent tool for biochemical characterization of isolates and further impact evaluation of artificial epizootics derived from Biological control programs.

Effect of Calcium Carbide on Rat Tissue

To evaluate the effects of Calcium carbide (CaC2) in biological system, an in vivo study was carried out on Long Evans rats. CaC2 was administered orally once daily for one month with specific concentrations. Group- I was considered as the control group (without CaC2), Group - II, III, IV and V were the sample groups treated with CaC2 having concentration of 1g/kg, 2g/kg, 5g/kg and 10g/kg body weight respectively. The experiment was conducted to detect any cellular and molecular level changes caused by CaC2. The histopathology and isozyme assay were performed to analyze the changes in the activities of the genes affected by the free radicals released from CaC2. The molecular analysis included different isozymes namely esterase and acid phosphatase. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis of whole cell extract of control subjects and CaC2 administered rats were performed; subsequently the gels were treated with the substrates for acid phosphatase and esterase respectively. No difference was observed in the whole cell extract band pattern between the control subject and the CaC2 administered rats, which grossly indicates that the CaC2 has no effect on the expression pattern of isozymes (acid phosphatase and esterase). Histopathological analysis of liver, heart, spleen, kidney and lungs were performed to observe any change due to the administration of CaC2. Remarkable changes were observed during the histopathological study of lungs and kidney only. The histopathological analysis of kidney showed the thickening of the lining of collecting tubules with changes in cell structure while lungs were found to be increased moderately in weight, with focal areas of consolidation that was found red-brown to red. 
 
 Key words: Calcium carbide; Histopathological study; Isozymes 
 
 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 6(2): 93-98, 2007 (December)