Export Competitive Advantage Research Articles

Export-specific investments, competitive advantage, and performance in Vietnamese SMEs: The moderating role of domestic market conditions

We develop a conceptual model, based on the theories of Resource-based View, Industrial Organization, and Institution-based View, that examines the effect of export specific investments on creating competitive advantage in export markets, as well as the impact of this advantage on the firm’s export performance. With a sample obtained from 159 Vietnamese SME exporters, we confirm that investments in export-related human, innovation, marketing, and financial resources help to generate both a cost reduction-based and product differentiation-based export competitive advantage that are conducive to enhanced export performance. The association between export-related resource investments and cost reduction-based or product differentiation-based competitive advantage was also found to be moderated by specific domestic market conditions, namely institutions, infrastructure, bureaucracy, and competition.

Vietnam Rice Competitiveness in the International Trade Market in Recent Years, Opportunities and New Challenges for Vietnam Rice Export

Vietnam is a top agricultural nation. Agriculture makes up 24% of GDP, 20% of exports, and 70% of employment. The agricultural industry is vital to the country’s economy, especially rice farming, which accounts for 30% of the total output. Currently, rice is the main food consumed by most Vietnamese citizens. Millions of tiny farmers make their living producing rice. In the area of rice, Vietnam is regarded as a nation with a very strong comparative advantage. Vietnam used to have a comparative advantage over other major rice exporters like India, Thailand, and Pakistan. However, in recent years, this advantage has decreased and is now less favorable than in other nations. This is also regarded as a warning for the country’s rice industry, which faces numerous difficulties and obstacles due to the process of integrating the world and the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to figuring out opportunities and new challenges in Vietnam’s rice export, by using the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA), this study will analyze the international competitiveness of Vietnam’s rice exports and assist the country in locating alternative rice export markets. The research will also make some recommendations on how to boost exports of the country’s rice while maintaining or even enhancing its international competitiveness. Additionally, this article will use the Export Competitive Advantage index (XCA) as a complement to the RCA index’s bias.

До питання перспектив і проблем органічного виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції в Україні

До питання перспектив і проблем органічного виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції в Україні

Combined soft measurement on key indicator parameters of new competitive advantages for China's export

The estimation of the difference between the new competitive advantages of China's export and the world’s trading powers have been the key measurement problems in China-related studies. In this work, a comprehensive evaluation index system for new export competitive advantages is developed, a soft-sensing model for China’s new export competitive advantages based on the fuzzy entropy weight analytic hierarchy process is established, and the soft-sensing values of key indexes are derived. The obtained evaluation values of the main measurement index are used as the input variable of the fuzzy least squares support vector machine, and a soft-sensing model of the key index parameters of the new export competitive advantages of China based on the combined soft-sensing model of the fuzzy least squares support vector machine is established. The soft-sensing results of the new export competitive advantage index of China show that the soft measurement model developed herein is of high precision compared with other models, and the technical and brand competitiveness indicators of export products have more significant contributions to the new competitive advantages of China's export, while the service competitiveness indicator of export products has the least contribution to new competitive advantages of China's export.

Analysis on Our Country’s Foreign Trade of Agricultural Products

With the development of economic globalization and the international division of labor system, countries are increasingly closely linked economically in various fields, forming a pattern of interdependence. This also makes the economic and trade barriers of various countries gradually reduced, providing a good opportunity for China’s agricultural products to the world. China is an agricultural country in the true sense, with the output of most agricultural products ranking first in the world. Due to China’s large population, the arable land per capita is limited due to the small amount of arable land available for food cultivation. In addition, China’s agricultural economy in the field of science and technology investment is less, agricultural mechanization, organization, automation degree is low. Therefore, the self-sufficiency of agricultural products is more difficult, the degree of external dependence is more serious. How to give full play to the advantages of the import and export of agricultural products in the context of international environment and solve the problems that always exist in the import and export of agricultural products in China is of practical significance for people to realize the needs of a better life and alleviate the main social contradictions in China. This paper points out the importance of international trade in agricultural products to the life of Chinese people and the adjustment of industrial structure based on the background of international trade in agricultural products by reading the researches of previous scholars in related fields. Then through the study of domestic and foreign related literature, this paper discusses the three stages of the development of China’s agricultural products foreign trade. Secondly, it analyzes the current situation of foreign trade of agricultural products and its export competitive advantages and disadvantages from the aspects of the structure of foreign trade of agricultural products and participating countries. Finally, a series of problems in the export of agricultural products in our country are put forward the corresponding countermeasures.

Comparative Advantage and Competitiveness of World Soy Exporter in Response to Us-China Trade Dispute

Aim/Purpose: This research identifies China’s agricultural commodities demand on soy and compares the comparative advantage, competitiveness of world soy exporters. Background: The world’s largest agricultural commodities importer-China had bought 10.7 % of world agricultural commodities (US$1,167.2 billion) during year 2017. Studying China’s demand in order to formulate export strategies is crucial especially for BRIC countries. Methodology: Reveal Comparative advantage (RCA), Comparative Advantage above Average (CAaA) and Export Competitive Advantage (XCA) were used in this study. Findings: Analysis shows that Brazil, USA, Argentina, Canada, Paraguay, Uruguay and Ukraine who supply more than 97% of world soy export have better comparative advantage and competitiveness over other soy exporters in the world. Russia and Netherlands are picking up with offering lower export price. Impact on Society: Due to US-China Trade dispute, China has switched soy import and purchase from the US to Brazil. That has caused US$3 billion wealth loss for both countries.

Export Determinants: A Function for Competitive Advantages An Applied Study in Jordanian Medicament Companies

The study aimed at testing the effect of export determinants on the competitive advantages from the point of view of a sample that consists of (194) personnel working for Jordanian medicament companies. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a sample clarifying the relations and the effects between the variants of the study was designed, from which two hypotheses were derived: one is concerned with correlations and the other is related to the effects. The relations were tested based on Spearman Correlation Coefficient and the effect of the Multiple Linear Regression with a confidence interval estimations of about P≤0.05. An analysis of the results and its interpretation has proved that: 1- There is a strong inverse relation with a moral correlation coefficient (rs = 0.91) between export determinants and competitive advantages. 2- Counting on the export determinants as a function for the competitive advantages as the Regression sample R2 has showed that 74.8% of contrast of the competitive advantages is attributed to the export determinants.

Factors Impacting the Export Performance of SMEs: An Exploratory Developing Country Study

While the ratio (29.5%) of SME exports to GDP in Zimbabwe seems to be respectable, this is very low compared to sub-Saharan countries such as Botswana (55.1%), Angola (55.8%), Swaziland (56.3%), etc. The current export performance of SMEs provides clear justification for re-thinking export the export marketing strategies of agro-based industries in Zimbabwe. Since the literature highlights that for export firms to perform better in the dynamic global environment, they need to develop ‘market-driven’ strategies, this study explores the relationship between market driven strategies and the export performance of select manufacturing SMEs in Zimbabwe. It was ascertained the two main strategies adopted by SMEs to enhance their export performance were niche focus strategy and export industrial clusters, and these are also supported by the policy-makers and export analysts. In summary, from regression and correlation analysis of the data collected from a convenience stratified sample of 332 SME owner-managers, four policy -makers and four export analysists, it was ascertained that various internal (customer focus, organizational capability and cross-functional co-operation), and external (market characteristics, industry characteristics, technology and market turbulence) factors impact the export performance of manufacturing SMEs, albeit some not significantly. SME owner-managers should therefore embed customer value, by producing products which project customer values namely, experiential, symbolic, and sacrifice value, which will positively influence the export performance of SMEs. SME owner-managers should also create vibrant teams with diverse expertise which will boost exports, and a nurture a sustainable export competitive advantage for SMEs.

Green Business Strategies of Exporting Manufacturing Firms: Antecedents, Practices, and Outcomes

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the drivers that lead exporting manufacturing companies to adopt environmentally friendly actions, exploring green business practices/strategies they conducted and examining the outcomes which resulted from companies' green business activities. This exploratory study particularly focuses on green business strategies of Turkish manufacturing exporters. Thirty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with executive managers from 22 companies and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The results of the study reveal two internal (i.e., capabilities and resources) and four external stimulating forces (i.e., stakeholder pressures, institutional-based, network-based, and external factors) that encourage companies to implement green business operations, which were also classified under six functional themes. This study emphasizes several noteworthy outcomes (i.e., export competitive advantage and export performance). In doing so, the findings of this study provide a holistic insight into green business strategies within the exporting context by outlining both theoretical and managerial implications.

The Influences of Market Orientation, Branding Capability and New Product Development Capability on Export Competitive Advantage

The Influences of Market Orientation, Branding Capability and New Product Development Capability on Export Competitive Advantage

한국수출기업의 수출기업 역량, 수출마케팅전략 실행효과 및 수출 경쟁우위가 수출성과에 미치는 영향

한국수출기업의 수출기업 역량, 수출마케팅전략 실행효과 및 수출 경쟁우위가 수출성과에 미치는 영향

The interrelationships between resources, capabilities, export competitive advantages and export performance

Export activities are the main internationalisation mode for firms in the initial stages of foreign expansion. However, the drivers of superior export performance are not yet well understood. In this study, we examine how firms' distinctive resources and capabilities construct export market competitive advantages and how these advantages are associated to superior export performance. That is, we propose to examine the interrelationships between resources, capabilities, export competitive advantages and export performance. We identified different combinations of export-related resources and capabilities as sources of cost, product and service-type advantages and then these are examined as to their influence on three types of export performance: economic, strategic and relational dimensions of export performance. The findings of this study reveal the differentiated influence of resources and capabilities worth pursuing for constructing a competitive advantage to exploit in the foreign markets.

Resources investment and export competitive advantage of firms in a transition economy: the moderating role of domestic institutional environment and competitive pressures

In this study, we provide a research framework that unbundles the impact of different institutional attributes (i.e., the degree of perceived specificity, stability, predictability, and enforceability of property rights and contracting institutions) on the firm's resources and capabilities investment, as well as competitive advantage under different degrees of competitive pressures in domestic and overseas markets. We empirically test this model with a sample of exporting firm in an emerging and transition economy, i.e., Vietnam. The statistical results show that there are strong relationships between the domestic institutional environment and the firm's export-related resources and capabilities investment, as well as between export-related resources and capabilities investment and export competitive advantage. Nevertheless, the moderating effect of competitive pressures is not statistically supported. Implications for managers, policy makers and researchers are suggested.

Environmentally friendly export business strategy: Its determinants and effects on competitive advantage and performance

With the exponential growth of problems related to the natural environment, exporters are increasingly confronted with ecological challenges in their international operations. We present a study of exporting manufacturers that examines the external and internal determinants of green export business strategy and its effects on export competitive advantage and performance. Our findings confirm the instrumental role of both external forces (i.e., foreign environmental public concern and competitive intensity) and internal factors (i.e., top management green sensitivity and organizational green culture) in crafting an environmentally friendly export business strategy. Such a strategy was more prevalent among larger firms and more experienced exporters, as well as among firms producing industrial goods, having a high technological intensity, and exporting to developed countries. In addition, this strategy positively affected firms’ export product differentiation advantage but had no effect on export cost leadership advantage. Export product differentiation advantage was positively associated with both export market performance and export financial performance. However, no such link with these performance dimensions appeared for export cost leadership advantage.

Analyzing the Competitiveness of the Greek Sea Bream Exports in the European Union Market

This study investigates the evolution of the competitiveness level of the Greek sea bream exports in the EU-27, by implementing the Revealed Export Competitive advantage index. In particular, the major importing and exporting countries of gilthead sea bream were identified. Results reveal that the main importing markets of the Greek sea bream are Italy, France, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom and Germany. Also, an important emerging market is Romania. While, competing countries are Spain, Turkey, France, Italy, Malta and Croatia. However, the level of competition, among the exporting countries, is continuously changing, indicating a high competitive market environment. Thus, policy and marketing strategies should be cautiously designed, in order to fulfill the rapid changes at this demanded market.

Examining the role of export competitive advantages on export performance

Article history: Received July 28, 2013 Accepted 14 January 2014 Available online February 27 2014 This paper investigates the role of export competitive advantage on export performance in food industry. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 280 randomly selected experts in food industry and Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.827. The study has applied factor analysis to find important factors influencing export performance. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity have been performed to validate the results and they both validated the questionnaire. The results of the survey have determined six effective groups including product development, e-commerce, marketing planning, organizational performance, competitiveness and supply chain management. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Export Capabilities, Export Marketing Strategy, and Export Competitive Advantage as the Determinants of Export Performance of Korean Export Firms

Export Capabilities, Export Marketing Strategy, and Export Competitive Advantage as the Determinants of Export Performance of Korean Export Firms

National export-promotion programs as drivers of organizational resources and capabilities: effects on strategy, competitive advantage, and performance

Abstract The authors present the results of a study that empirically tests a model connecting national export-promotion programs with export performance through the intervening role of export-related organizational resources and capabilities, export marketing strategy, and export competitive advantage. The study reveals that the adoption of specific national export-promotion programs positively strengthens the firm's export-related resources and capabilities, which in turn are instrumental in developing a sound export marketing strategy. By realizing this strategy, the firm enjoys competitive advantages related to costs, products, or services, which in turn help it achieve superior export performance in both market and financial dimensions. In addition, the firm's export market performance has a positive impact on export financial performance. This study also shows that the effect of national export-promotion programs on export-related resources and capabilities is stronger among smaller firms and, for so...

National Export-Promotion Programs as Drivers of Organizational Resources and Capabilities: Effects on Strategy, Competitive Advantage, and Performance

The authors present the results of a study that empirically tests a model connecting national export-promotion programs with export performance through the intervening role of export-related organizational resources and capabilities, export marketing strategy, and export competitive advantage. The study reveals that the adoption of specific national export-promotion programs positively strengthens the firm's export-related resources and capabilities, which in turn are instrumental in developing a sound export marketing strategy. By realizing this strategy, the firm enjoys competitive advantages related to costs, products, or services, which in turn help it achieve superior export performance in both market and financial dimensions. In addition, the firm's export market performance has a positive impact on export financial performance. This study also shows that the effect of national export-promotion programs on export-related resources and capabilities is stronger among smaller firms and, for some programs, among firms with less export experience.

The export competitive advantages of Turkish manufacturing companies

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the export competitive advantage differences between high‐ and low‐performing companies in Turkey. The paper specifically and separately analyzes the companies' export resources, export skills, and export competitive advantages in order to identify the discrimination effects of each variable.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was sent to 98 Turkish exporting companies through the mail. The response rate was 28 percent.FindingsThe brand image, product quality, and cost of goods sold in the export markets are found to be the most important competitive advantage factors leading to success in the export markets, whilst the ability to understand consumers' needs and wants, and developing strong relationships with consumers in the marketplace are found to be important skills associated with success in the export markets. The paper also reveals that the export managers' knowledge is the key resource that differentiates successful export companies from unsuccessful ones.Originality/valueAlthough some of the studies in the literature have focused on the competitive advantages, resources, and skills in general, there is a lack of studies specifically investigating the export competitive advantage differences between high‐ and low‐performing companies.