Export Channel Research Articles

Cultural Export and Global Perception of the Mexican Film Industry

This paper examines the dynamic role of the Mexican film industry as a significant cultural exporter and its evolving perception in the global market. It traces the historical development of Mexican cinema from its Golden Age to its modern resurgence, highlighting the contributions of seminal filmmakers and landmark films that have shaped its international identity. The study explores the mechanisms of cultural export, including traditional and digital distribution channels and the pivotal role of film festivals and international awards. Further, it analyzes the global reception of Mexican films, noting the critical and audience responses across diverse cultural landscapes. The influence of Mexican cinema on global film practices and cultural trends is examined through its narrative innovations and thematic contributions. Finally, the paper discusses future trends and identifies potential challenges and opportunities for Mexican cinema, emphasizing the need for sustainable funding models and the balance between global appeal and cultural authenticity. This comprehensive review illuminates how Mexican cinema continues to contribute to and shape the global cinematic landscape, advocating for a more inclusive and diverse film culture.

Domestic Demand and Export Performance in CEMAC: An Assessment with Endogeneity-related Model

Based on several alternative approaches there is by now some evidence suggesting that there is a negative relationship between exports and domestic sales. But in the majority of cases this regularity has focused on industrialized countries. While the external trade of African countries faces numerous challenges, with the low level of intra regional trade and the concentration of exports in some raw materials. Thus the aim of this paper to assess this new export channel for African countries. We then estimate a dynamic panel model with an error correction mechanism of the export market share (the difference between exports and foreign demand) for the six economies of the CEMAC zone between 1974 and 2021. Through the use of instrumental variables (2SLS) we address the role of endogeneity. According to the results, such link is prominent for African countries such the CEMAC countries where domestic demand impacts effectively negatively exports in CEMAC with a negative elasticity of around 53 %. When allowing for an asymmetric relationship between domestic sales and exports the results remain unchanged suggesting that a significant relationship between domestic demand and exports performance still holds.

Prospects for the development of national logistics under sanctions

The article examines the theoretical background and practical experience of creating a logistics startup in the context of the national logistics infrastructure. The purpose of this scientific article is to develop a system of recommendations for implementing a logistics startup in conditions of economic turbulence. The relevance of the stated topic is due to the fact that due to international instability of economic relations, a significant part of the logistics export and import channels have collapsed, which requires entrepreneurial initiative to create new supply channels taking into account current foreign economic realities. At the same time, in the current conditions, the problems of the Russian logistics system related to its lack of self–sufficiency and the presence of certain links, the existence of which is necessary to ensure its integrity, have become urgent. In particular, these links are represented by structures providing container transportation, structures authorized to carry out international insurance and technology companies used in organizing navigation and dispatch processes. The high probability that Russia will be cut off from global logistics processes for a long time indicates that there are unfilled niches in the country for the creation of domestic logistics start–ups, which requires the implementation of logistics start–ups on conditions other than standard market ones.

Export market orientation, performance and international partner selection: word-of-mouth referral versus direct contact

PurposeExport market orientation can be broadly divided into intelligence (generation and dissemination) and responsiveness activities. Although previous studies assess intelligence and responsiveness activities, little is known about what type of international channel partner acts as an enabling condition for the impact of these activities on export venture performance. This study aims to examine the extent to which the selection of international channel partners through word-of-mouth referrals versus direct contacts affects the benefits of intelligence and responsiveness activities.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 246 exporting manufacturers in Japan. To test the hypotheses, we conducted regression analyses using a subjective performance measure at the venture level. We also performed a post hoc analysis using objective performance measure at the function level.FindingsWe find that the extent to which international channel partners are selected through word-of-mouth referrals has a moderating role in the export market-oriented activities–performance linkages. Specifically, it acts as an enabling condition for intelligence activity and a disenabling condition for responsiveness activity.Originality/valueThis study contributes to a better understanding of export market orientation by classifying it into intelligence and responsiveness activities and providing empirical evidence on their different interaction effects with partner selection. It also contributes to the elaboration of agency theory by offering insights into the fit between task characteristics and contract type. Our study is critical for business managers as it suggests guidelines for manufacturing exporters engaging in export market-oriented behaviors and export channel management.

Grounding Resistance Monitoring Device for Improved Construction Electricity Safety in Pumped Storage Power Station Construction

Abstract During the construction period of pumped storage power stations, there are prominent safety hazards in the use of electricity. Most of the underground chambers are in rocky environments, and it is difficult to meet the standard requirements for the grounding resistance of nearby distribution boxes. In addition, due to the high humidity and large amount of dust in the chambers, the grounding terminals are prone to oxidation. Furthermore, frequent blasting operations can cause poor contact of the grounding terminals, resulting in the inability to effectively guide the leakage current into the earth and causing electric shock injury. By using the TN-S wiring method, the leakage current of the equipment and distribution box is guided into the ground grid through the PE line. At the same time, a real-time monitoring system is established for the PE line, which monitors the integrity of the PE line resistance between the third-level distribution box and the transformer ground grid. When an integrity failure occurs, an alarm is quickly issued, enabling maintenance personnel to promptly detect and repair the fault, ensuring that all leakage currents have a good export channel, and further guaranteeing the safety of electricity users.

Navigating Economic Ripples: How Real Exchange Rate Volatility Shapes Real Gross Domestic Product with Evidence from Tanzania

This article aimed at examining the effects of the real exchange rate on real gross domestic product (GDP) in Tanzania using a data set spanning from 1964 to 2019. The Gregory–Hansen test was employed to check the long-run relationship between the real exchange rate and real economic growth. Structural vector autoregressive and vector error correction models were employed to establish the effects of the real exchange rate on real economic growth, while fully modified least-squares and Granger causality tests were used for robustness check and determination of the direction of causality between variables, respectively. Findings show a long-run relationship between the exchange rate and economic growth. In addition, when the Tanzanian shilling appreciates, it significantly and negatively affects real GDP. A 1% appreciation leads to a 0.13% decrease in GDP in the long run and 0.01% in the short run. Merchandise exports had a positive effect, while inflation had a negative effect both in the long and short run. The impulse response function shows that the real exchange rate affects the real GDP through the merchandise export channel and inflation. This implies that the appreciation of the Tanzanian shilling makes merchandise exports more expensive, reduces foreign exchange inflows and thus reduces actual output. Stabilising the exchange rate, targeting inflation, improving productive capacity and promoting export-led growth are important.

Comparative advantage of Num-mango industry in Vinh Long, Vietnam

The main objective of this study was comparative advantages analysis at social price of Num-mango in the export channels. The examination of the domestic resource cost per shadow exchange rate (DRC/SER) ratio provides insights into the comparative advantage of the trading system in the Num-mango industry. A comprehensive study was conducted, with a total of 317 observations, with a specific emphasis on the significant individuals in Vinh Long, Vietnam. The comparative advantage of the Num-mango commerce system was inferred from a DRC/SER ratio below one, which may be attributed to the existence of two distinct export channels. The DRC/SER in export channel 1 exhibited values of 0.55, 0.67, and 0.53 over the three seasons. In season 1, export channel 2 had a score of 0.42, which then was 0.79 in season 2. The value of export channel 2 had a consistent upward trend during season 3, reaching its highest point of 0.3. It is recommended that regulators and governments provide export-focused incentives that prioritize the maximum comparative advantage. This study examines the concept of comparative advantage within export supply chains, specifically in relation to a diverse selection of tropical fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence that supports the applicability and reliability of the Ricardian model.

Implications of policy analysis matrix for competitiveness of Tuong-mango in Dong Nai, Vietnam

Purpose: The aim of the study is to apply policy analysis matrix (PAM) to identify international competitiveness of marketing channels and policy impacts of government on each marketing channels. Methodology: Policy analysis matrix is employed to evaluate influences of macroeconomic policy on the Tuong-mango value chain. The study investigated 213 sampling observation of eight main actors in chain. Findings: The findings indicate that although domestic channel 4 exhibits competitiveness (Private cost ratio (PRC) < 1), channels 1, 2, and 3 possess both comparative and competitive advantages (PRC < 1, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) < 1, and social benefit-cost (SBC) > 1). The government’s strategy on production protection, referred to as Nominal protection coefficient on tradable output (NPCO) 0.16, together with the plan for enhancing added value, denoted as Effective protection coefficient (EPC) 0.14 and Subsidy ratio to producers (SRP) −0.18, place a significant emphasis on the first export channel. The government’s subsidy plan grants preferential treatment to Channel 4 in terms of the pricing of commercially available products, with a Nominal protection coefficient on tradable input (NPCI) value of 0.75. A value-added strategy is implemented for export channels 2 and 3, which have EPCs of 0.76 and 0.85, respectively. Policy implications: If the tradable cost is modified by 20%, there will be a change in the ratio of DRC, SBC, EPC, and SRP. While the EPC does not see a 20% reduction in domestic prices, the DRC and SBC do benefit from this cost reduction. A reduction of 20% in the local cost, coupled with a corresponding rise of 20% in the Free on Board (FOB) price, would result in a significant elevation of the SRP for export channels 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: This is as evidence for the combination of quantitative is a dynamic tool in the policymaking process to ensure targets, constrictions, and consistent policies for agricultural fields. This permits policies to be changed in steps with an alteration in the economy and priorities set up for the tropical fruits and vegetables field.

The effect of organizational culture on territorial exclusivity in international marketing channels: a study of Japanese manufacturing exporters

PurposeIt is important for an exporting manufacturer to motivate its foreign channel partners to sell and promote its products. An excellent way to motivate such foreign channel partners is to give them exclusive territories. Unfortunately, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the determinants of territorial exclusivity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and territorial exclusivity and the moderating role of firm size in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Japan. To test the hypotheses, a regression analysis was conducted using the ordinary least squares technique.FindingsEmpirical evidence shows that the cultural values of collectivism and uncertainty avoidance influence territorial exclusivity; collectivist exporters are likely to use territorial exclusivity, whereas exporters with high uncertainty avoidance are not likely to use it. Furthermore, the larger the firm size, the smaller the impact of cultural values on territorial exclusivity; this suggests that large SMEs do not rely on their organizational culture to make decisions about exclusive territories.Originality/valueThe export marketing literature emphasizes the advantages of exclusive territories. By contrast, the channel management literature suggests that exclusive territories also have disadvantages. As exclusive territories have both advantages and disadvantages, it is crucial to answer the following question: What kinds of exporting manufacturers grant exclusive territories to their foreign channel partners? By addressing this question, this study contributes to a better understanding of export channel strategy.

Identification of a new export signal that targets early subunits to the flagellar type III secretion export machinery.

Many bacterial pathogens utilize T3SS to inject virulence proteins (effectors) into host cells or to assemble flagella on the bacterial cell surface. Bacterial flagella present a paradigm for how cells build and operate complex cell-surface "nanomachines." Efficient subunit targeting from the bacterial cytosol to type III secretion systems is essential for rapid assembly and secretion by T3SSs. Subunits are thought to dock at the export machinery before being unfolded and translocated into the export channel. However, little is known about how subunits dock at the export machinery and the events that occur post docking. Here, we identified a new export signal within the C-termini of subunits that is essential for targeting of subunits to the type III export machinery. We show that this new export signal and previously identified export signals are recognized separately and sequentially, revealing a pathway for subunit transit through the type III export machinery in which sequential recognition events carry out different roles at major steps in the export pathway.

Factors influencing seed cotton marketing decisions by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe

Economic reforms such as the liberalization of export and processing-linked marketing channels have encouraged farmers to produce more. Unfortunately, cotton production in Zimbabwe has been declining regardless of such interventions. Why is the production declining despite these interventions including the government-free inputs and supported extension services? Cotton marketing is one of the main factors that influence overall quantities of a commodity to be produced but the practices and behavior of farmers are relatively unknown and unpredictable in the cotton markets. Therefore, this study was to explore factors influencing smallholder farmers' cotton marketing decisions in three cotton-producing provinces of Zimbabwe. A representative sample of 1080 cotton farmers were randomly selected from these provinces and a double hurdle model was used to evaluate market participation and intensity guided by probit model and censored tobit model respectively. Results showed that the decision to participate in cotton marketing was exclusively influenced by experience in cotton production while the intensity of cotton marketing was exclusively influenced by household labour and access to information. Market prices did not significantly (P<0.05) influence both the participation and intensity of cotton markets. The source of inputs and affiliation to marketing associations influence both marketing decisions. It is recommended that the government of Zimbabwe should revise the existing cotton marketing policies to encourage many buyers into cotton markets. The establishment of cotton marketing hubs can increase cotton marketing participation and intensity through increased access to decentralised marketing options.

Export Market Exploration: the Key to Optimizing Export Performance with the Support of Market Sensing Capability and Export Channel Choice

This study aims to determine the following: (1). the impact of market recognition capability on export performance in export furniture in Jepara. (2). the impact of export channel choice on export performance in export furniture in Jepara. (3). the impact of export market exploration on the export performance of export furniture in Jepara. This type of research is quantitative and uses primary data from questionnaires measured using a Likert scale. The population used in the study were export furniture companies in Jepara district that have been operating for more than three years. The sampling technique uses probability sampling technique with random sampling type. Data processing was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis processed using SPSS software. The results of this study show that market recognition ability, export channel choice and export market exploration have a significant positive impact on export performance. Market discovery ability, export channel choice, and export market exploration variables simultaneously and partially affect export performance.

Out of time: fantasising the French romantic hero in the Netflix era

ABSTRACT Netflix’s globally oriented French products are commercially bound to negotiate between producing locally legible and internationally acceptable gender types. This article spotlights variations in representing the French romantic hero – traditionally a gallant séducteur – to a global audience hypersensitive to notions of toxic masculinity in two post-#MeToo Netflix Original French romantic comedy narratives: the series Plan cœur/The Hook-Up Plan (2018–2021) and the film Je ne suis pas un homme facile/I Am Not an Easy Man (Eléonore Pourriat, 2018). Noting that Netflix is now the key export channel for French romcoms, the article draws primarily on textual analysis, while also leveraging psychoanalytic and affective theories, to argue that the platform’s impetus to make French masculinity in particular more widely palatable, and (so) appeal to emergent popular feminism, has the potential to reconfigure parameters of legitimate gender norms, French and beyond.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

Linking Spanish wine farmers to international markets: Is direct export better than indirect export in improving farm performance?

Selecting an appropriate export channel is one of farmers' most important strategic decisions as it determines farm performance. Although direct and indirect exports are two important channels linking farmers to international markets, little is known about whether direct export is better than indirect export in improving farm performance. This study addresses this research gap by analyzing the impact of export channel choice on wine export farm performance, utilizing data collected from 479 wine-exporting farmers from Spain. An inverse probability-weighted regression adjustment estimator addresses the selection bias issue of export channel choice. The results show that the wine export price received by the direct exporters is significantly lower than that received by the indirect exports. Using domestic intermediaries for exportation (i.e. indirect export) can reduce information asymmetry and transaction costs, which enable indirect wine exporters to sell their products at higher prices. However, there are no significant differences between direct and indirect exporters in export volume, value, diversity, and satisfaction. The findings highlight that direct and indirect exports do not generate differentiated profits, and wine farmers should choose one of them that can facilitate their access to international markets.

The Impact of RMB Exchange Rate Fluctuations on China's Outward Foreign Direct Investment: An Empirical Analysis

Recently, the RMB exchange rate has experienced significant fluctuations. On May 13th, the spot exchange rate of onshore RMB against the US dollar fell below 6.8, depreciating by over 1000 basis points compared to the opening rate of 6.6985 on May 9th. Against this backdrop, this paper follows the research paradigm of Zhang Weifu (2008) to empirically examine the impact of RMB real exchange rate changes on Chinese enterprises' outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). Drawing on OFDI research frameworks for developed and developing countries, it first reviews theories of internal forces, external forces, and environmental support for China's OFDI, and discusses real exchange rate impacts on OFDI through the environmental support channel. A standardized microeconomic model is developed to show, under certain assumptions, that real exchange rates affect OFDI via export channels. An empirical model then tests these effects. Finally, policy recommendations are provided based on the theoretical and empirical results.

The China trade shock and the European Union's employment

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the effect of trade with China on the European Union's industrial and regional employment. Built on a canonical multi-country Ricardian model, we identify and estimate the employment reallocation effect across fifteen EU countries with specific discussions on three channels: import penetration, direct export, and third-market competition vis-à-vis China. Data suggest that the adverse effects stemming from the import penetration and the third-market competition quantitatively dominate the positive effect from the export channel for the effect on the EU. In particular, the third-market competition channel is a key channel for understanding the impact of China trade shock on the EU market, accounting for about 46% and 36% of the total negative effect at the industry level and region level, respectively. Moreover, the third-market competition channel particularly influenced the relative employment growth of the worst-affected industries in the European market.

The Production and Marketing Constraints Faced by Ginger and Turmeric Growers in Assam's Hill and Plain Region, India

The present study was conducted to know the constraints perceived by Ginger and Turmeric growers in terms of production and marketing in the hill and plain district of Karbi Anglong and Jorhat of Assam during September 2021. Using Multistage Stratified Random Sampling, the constraints perceived by 252 respondents from both districts were tabulated and ranked accordingly. The major constraints that affected the production and marketing of ginger and turmeric in the hills were low adoption of better and improved production practices and technology, and the presence of middlemen/ local traders respectively whereas, for the plain region, the major constraints that affected production and marketing of ginger and turmeric were unfavorable weather conditions and poor market infrastructure respectively. As Assam is a major hub for ginger and turmeric production, policies should aim at providing better quality planting materials, provision of proper market infrastructure, creation of a “spices park” and creation of a proper export channel.

Product development capabilities-based export channel selection and export performance

PurposeDrawing on the resource-based view and institutional theory, this study explores how firms select export channels to realise the value of their product development capabilities (PDC) and improve export performance by aligning PDC, entrepreneurial orientation (EO), cultural-cognitive institutional distance (CCID) and channel selection.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a quantitative design and used data collected from multiple respondents in 294 Chinese exporting ventures. Hypotheses were tested using logistic regression analysis and multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe results of the study suggest that PDC plays a vital role in export channel decisions. The results also show that there is a three-way interaction between PDC, EO and CCID regarding export channel selection. More importantly, this study suggests that firms using export channels that align with PDC, contingent on EO and CCID, generate superior export performance.Originality/valueThis study extends the export channel literature by looking at the different roles of important organisational capabilities (i.e. PDC and EO) on export channel selection. Further, it shows that firms need to align the exploitation of their PDC with the export channel selection, along with EO capabilities, and CCID to achieve better performance in the export market.

Estrategia de internacionalización para la exportación sustentable de hortalizas a Estados Unidos caso de estudio: Clúster Hortaliceros Unidos de Sinaloa A.C.

Clusters are groups of companies from the same sector and located geographically close (Porter, 1998) that come together to survive in globalization and share risks to access new markets. In this document, the conventional export channels and the strategies implemented to achieve internationalization by the companies that make up the Cluster Hortaliceros Unidos de Sinaloa, A.C. were analyzed and identified. This analysis has the purpose of proposing the most appropriate internationalization strategy for the Cluster, in its incursion into the United States market, as well as identifying and analyzing the internationalization strategies currently implemented by the companies that comprise it and knowing the benefits that are they get by joining it. The applied methodology is a case study, with a qualitative approach, of descriptive scope and using the technological tool Atlas.ti 8, the main technique for data collection was the structured and unstructured directed interview, likewise to reinforce the investigation. A situational analysis was carried out through the elaboration of a SWOT matrix, it was possible to observe that the internationalization strategy implemented by the companies of the conglomerate is indirect export and the main barriers they face when exporting are quality standards, tariffs, sales on credit, the variation of international agricultural prices and the risks of non-payment.