Exploration Tool Research Articles

Eaglescope: an interactive visualization and cohort selection tool for biomedical data exploration.

Eaglescope: an interactive visualization and cohort selection tool for biomedical data exploration.

BN SO52 - Innovative Tools for Laparoscopic Bile Duct Exploration (LCBDE) in Torbay Hospital

Abstract Background Laparoscopic bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is a minimally invasive technique used to manage common bile duct (CBD) stones. The procedure has evolved significantly with the development of specialized tools that enhance efficacy and patient outcomes. This abstract aims to discuss the various tools employed for LCBDE at Torbay Hospital, highlighting their specific uses, benefits, and outcomes. Method We conducted a retrospective analysis of LCBDE procedures performed at Torbay Hospital. The tools used included the Pusen ‘Skinny scope’, Ambscope, Nathenson tipless basket, GB stone retrieval basket, and Rotacrusher. Data were collected on the types of tools used, procedural success rates, stone clearance rates, and any complications Results The Pusen ‘Skinny scope’ (3mm) was used in 60% of cases for transcystic exploration, showing high success in stone visualization and retrieval. The Ambscope (5mm) was used in 30% of cases for choledochotomy, effectively accessing larger stones. The Nathenson tipless basket retrieved up to 8mm stones in 45% of cases. The GB stone retrieval basket extracted non-disposable stones up to 2cm. The Rotacnsher, used for large stones in choledochotomy, was highly effective but needed larger port access. Laser and mechanical lithotripters fragmented stones larger than 1cm with an 85% success rate. Overall stone clearance was 90% with minimal complications. Conclusion The use of specialized tools in LCBDE at Torbay Hospital has significantly improved the management of CBD stones. The Pusen ‘Skinny scope’ and Ambscope provide excellent visualization and access, while the Nathenson tipless basket and GB stone retrieval basket offer reliable stone extraction capabilities. Advanced lithotripters further enhance the ability to manage larger stones. These tools collectively contribute to high success rates and favorable patient outcomes, reinforcing the value of LCBDE in modern surgical practice.

EPCO-15. INTRA-TUMORAL HETEROGENEITY OF DNA METHYLATION PROFILING AND CELLULAR COMPOSITION IN GLIOBLASTOMA

Abstract BACKGROUND DNA methylation profiling has become an important diagnostic and exploratory tool in neuro-oncology. Intra-tumoral molecular heterogeneity is a crucial factor in the treatment resistance of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM). However, the intra-tumoral heterogeneity of methylation profiles in GBM remains poorly elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the intra-tumoral heterogeneity of DNA methylation subclasses and deconvolve methylation profiles to infer the cellular composition of the tumor. METHODS We conducted genome-wide DNA methylation analysis and applied the DKFZ/Heidelberg CNS tumor classifier to FFPE tissue samples from a multi-sampling cohort with multiple samples per patient and a single-sampling cohort with one sample per patient. Only samples classified as GBM were included. We conducted two different methylation-based deconvolution analyses. Deconvolution 1 inferred the fractions of tumor subtypes (RTK_I, RTK_II, MES_TYP, and MES_ATYP) and cell types in the microenvironment. Deconvolution 2 estimated the abundance of malignant cell states (stem-like and differentiated cell components) and cell types in the microenvironment. RESULTS The multi-sampling cohort included 32 patients with 113 samples, and the single-sampling cohort included 87 patients with 87 samples. In the multi-sampling cohort, 8 patients (25%) exhibited intra-patient heterogeneity in methylation subclasses across their samples. Deconvolution 1 indicated that each tumor subclass component was heterogeneously distributed within samples, and the abundance of the myeloid cell component correlated with the MES_TYP component across samples. Deconvolution 2 similarly revealed heterogeneity in the immune component abundance across samples within patients. Integrating the results of Deconvolution 1 and Deconvolution 2 using the entire cohort revealed significant correlations between RTK_I and stem-like, RTK_II and differentiated, and MES_TYP and immune components. These findings were also replicated in TCGA dataset. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the importance of considering intra-tumoral heterogeneity in methylation profiles and the biological characteristics of each methylation subclass in developing novel GBM therapies.

Full-waveform inversion reveals diverse origins of lower mantle positive wave speed anomalies

Determining Earth’s structure is paramount to unravel its interior dynamics. Seismic tomography reveals positive wave speed anomalies throughout the mantle that spatially correlate with the expected locations of subducted slabs. This correlation has been widely applied in plate reconstructions and geodynamic modelling. However, global travel-time tomography typically incorporates only a limited number of easily identifiable body wave phases and is therefore strongly dependent on the source-receiver geometry. Here, we show how global full-waveform inversion is less sensitive to source-receiver geometry and reveals numerous previously undetected positive wave speed anomalies in the lower mantle. Many of these previously undetected anomalies are situated below major oceans and continental interiors, with no geologic record of subduction, such as beneath the western Pacific Ocean. Moreover, we find no statistically significant correlation positive anomalies as imaged using full-waveform inversion and past subduction. These findings suggest more diverse origins for these anomalies in Earth’s lower mantle, unlocking full-waveform inversion as an indispensable tool for mantle exploration.

A Review of Generalized Linear Latent Variable Models and Related Computational Approaches

ABSTRACTGeneralized linear latent variable models (GLLVMs) have become mainstream models in this analysis of correlated, m‐dimensional data. GLLVMs can be seen as a reduced‐rank version of generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) as the latent variables which are of dimension induce a reduced‐rank covariance structure for the model. Models are flexible and can be used for various purposes, including exploratory analysis, that is, ordination analysis, estimating patterns of residual correlation, multivariate inference about measured predictors, and prediction. Recent advances in computational tools allow the development of efficient, scalable algorithms for fitting GLLMVs for any response distribution. In this article, we discuss the basics of GLLVMs and review some options for model fitting. We focus on methods that are based on likelihood inference. The implementations available in R are compared via simulation studies and an example illustrates how GLLVMs can be applied as an exploratory tool in the analysis of data from community ecology.

Processes controlling magma fertility at buenavista del cobre porphyry copper deposit (cananea, méxico): A new petrogenetic model based on zircon u-pb dating and apatite geochemistry

The Buenavista del Cobre is a world-class porphyry Cu-Mo deposit located in the Cananea Mining District, northern Sonora, México. Using zircon U-Pb dating, we show that the Proterozoic Cananea Granite, unconformably overlain regionally by Paleozoic limestones hosting skarn deposits underlies the present-day pit. We also present new crystallization ages for host rocks of copper mineralization in the District, dating for the first time a volcanic rock of the Henrietta Formation at 186.8 ± 1.1/3.0 Ma and the El Torre Syenite at 176.3 ± 1.1/2.9 Ma. Zircon U-Pb dating of the different porphyritic bodies reveals that the magmatic activity at Buenavista del Cobre lasted at least 4 Myr, from 59.7 ± 0.5/1.1 Ma to 56.1 ± 0.2/0.9 Ma. The deposit is composed by several porphyry intrusions referred to as “ore-rich” and “ore-poor” based on their individual metal contributions, which provides the opportunity to study the origin and processes enhancing magma fertility in an individual deposit. Combining our new geochronological dataset with geochemistry of apatite from the different porphyries allows us to propose a new petrogenetic model for the Buenavista del Cobre deposit. As the apatite Eu and Ce anomalies overlap with no clear difference between the ore-rich and ore-poor intrusions, we propose that the magmatic oxidation states of the magmas were similar. However, differences in apatite REE signatures, as well as variations in apatite Sr compositions between the two groups suggest that fractional crystallization processes in the parental magma influence the fertility of the porphyries. Additionally, apatite Cl contents of ore-rich porphyry intrusions are higher (>0.4 wt%) than the ore-poor intrusions (<0.2 wt%), suggesting an important role of the initial Cl content of the magmas in the mineralization process. These observations give new insights on the petrogenetic processes at origin of porphyry magma fertility. We propose that the evolution of the parental melt by fractional crystallization of hydrous minerals (hornblende) at upper crustal levels induced low H2O content of the residual magma, resulting in the formation of ore-poor porphyries. In contrast, we suggest that fractionation of anhydrous minerals (plagioclase) increased the H2O content in the residual melt, leading to the formation of ore-rich porphyries. Our new data allow us to propose an original genetic model for the Buenavista del Cobre deposit, which involves two cycles of supply, cooling and partial crystallization. This contribution shows that petrogenetic processes controlling porphyry copper magmas fertility are recorded in the composition of apatite at the deposit scale and highlights the importance of considering apatite geochemistry as an exploration tool.

Space and ground based spectroscopic studies and mineral chemistry of rare earth element bearing peralkaline rocks from Siwana Ring Complex, Rajasthan, India

The Neoproterozoic Siwana Ring Complex (SRC) in Barmer district, Rajasthan, India, contains a promising concentration of rare earth elements (REEs). This study uses PRISMA hyperspectral data to map potential high-REE locations using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. Also, laboratory-based spectroscopy is used to analyse rock samples of peralkaline granite and rhyolite, using spectroradiometer in 400-2500 nm and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy in 400-4000 cm⁻1 regions. Diagnostic absorption features in the Visible Near Infrared (VNIR) and Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) regions indicate the presence of REEs, alongside pyroxenes, amphiboles, and phyllosilicates. The data from the FTIR indicates the presence of minerals possessing Si-O, P-O and O-H bonds. Mineral chemistry and geochemistry confirm these findings, indicating the occurrence of REE-bearing minerals such as monazite, REE silicates, and apatite. Ce is found to be the most abundant REE. However, only absorption features related to Nd and Er or Ho are observed which means that these elements are indicators of high concentration of total REE in the samples. The map generated from the PRISMA data aligns well with geochemical data, proving the value of hyperspectral remote sensing in early exploration. This study also highlights laboratory spectroscopy as a valuable complementary tool in mineral exploration. This study provides spectral information for reference for future use on REE bearing peralkaline rocks.

Facies associations dispersion via rule-based simulation with genetic algorithm and kriging: A methodology conditioned by seismic facies

Rule-based simulation of facies is a valuable tool in oil and gas field exploration. The manuscript presents a hybrid methodology for simulating facies associations, using paleobathymetry as the main data and seismic facies as the secondary. A dispersion model of facies, which is based on paleobathymetry and wave energy is proposed, and the parameters of this dispersion are optimized via genetic algorithm, using seismic facies. The relationship between seismic facies e facies associations is quantified in order to construct a fitness function used in genetic algorithm to select good parameters for the dispersion model. In order to refine the model generated by the genetic algorithm, we use indicator kriging to adjust the simulation to the available well data. The methodology was applied to data from the Sapinhoa field-Brazil, focusing on three ages, 113 Ma, 114 Ma, and 115 Ma. The results obtained demonstrate that the simulated facies association maps largely respect the geometries observed in the seismic facies, and at the same time, honor the data from wells along the simulated area. The results demonstrate that the simulated facies association maps largely respect the geometries observed in the seismic facies while honoring well data across the simulated area. This approach addresses the inherent uncertainties and biases in traditional facies modeling, providing a more reliable and automated method for calibrating facies intervals.

Detectability of runs of homozygosity is influenced by analysis parameters and population-specific demographic history.

Wild populations are increasingly threatened by human-mediated climate change and land use changes. As populations decline, the probability of inbreeding increases, along with the potential for negative effects on individual fitness. Detecting and characterizing runs of homozygosity (ROHs) is a popular strategy for assessing the extent of individual inbreeding present in a population and can also shed light on the genetic mechanisms contributing to inbreeding depression. Here, we analyze simulated and empirical datasets to demonstrate the downstream effects of program selection and long-term demographic history on ROH inference, leading to context-dependent biases in the results. Through a sensitivity analysis we evaluate how various parameter values impact on ROH-calling results, highlighting its utility as a tool for parameter exploration. Our results indicate that ROH inferences are sensitive to factors such as sequencing depth and ROH length distribution, and with bias direction and magnitude varying with demographic history and the programs used. Estimation biases are particularly pronounced at lower sequencing depths, potentially leading to either underestimation or overestimation of inbreeding. These results are particularly important for the management of endangered species, as underestimating inbreeding signals in the genome can substantially undermine conservation initiatives. We also found that small true ROHs can be incorrectly lumped together and called as longer ROHs, leading to erroneous inference of recent inbreeding. To address these challenges, we suggest using a combination of ROH detection tools and ROH length-specific inferences, along with sensitivity analysis, to generate robust and context-appropriate population inferences regarding inbreeding history. We outline these recommendations for ROH estimation at multiple levels of sequencing effort, which are typical of conservation genomics studies.

Quinoline Based thiazolidinediones: Design, Synthesis, In Silico, In Vitro, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Evaluation

AbstractIn the present research work a sequence of substituted quinoline based thiazolidinedione moieties (12a–h) were designed and synthesized as potential antidiabetic agents. Pancreatic α‐amylase (PAA) and intestinal α‐glucosidase (IAG) enzymes were considered as potential targets for effective treatment of diabetes. The potential of all compounds (12a–h) was assessed in vitro against PAA and IAG using acarbose as standard. The results suggested that compound 12h has shown superior PAA and IAG inhibitory activity with respective to standard (IC50 = 4.683 ± 0.06 µM and 2.456 ± 0.07 µM). Furthermore, using computational (in silico) studies like AutoDock and Desmond, predicted the significant binding interactions responsible for the activity of all compounds (12a–h) at the active site of enzymes, while SwissADME and Osiris property explorer tools computed in silico drug likeliness and toxicity properties. The RMSD, RMSF, Rg and protein ligand contacts, confirmed the stable binding of compound 12h and 12g with the both PAA and IAG proteins. The in silico results confirmed the 12h molecule as a superior drug with high binding affinity and good drug likeness against PAA and IAG, confirming in vitro results. We also studied antioxidant activity (AOA) of all synthesized compounds and results confined that the compound 12h has good antioxidant potential (IC50 = 5.04 ± 0.054 µM) among all other compounds. In conclusion, in vitro, in silico and antioxidant studies revealed 12h compound was found to be potential compound.

Review of 3D electromagnetic modeling and inversion for mineral exploration

Many mineral deposits have low resistivity. This property makes the electromagnetic (EM) method a very useful tool for mineral exploration. In the past few decades, the application of EM exploration technologies has been reviewed by many researchers. However, most reviews focused on EM exploration methods, the development of equipment, or their applications. Three-dimensional forward modeling and inversions are high-accuracy EM interpretation techniques in which great progress has been made in recent years in mineral exploration. We review the development of EM technology for mineral exploration with a focus on 3D EM forward modeling, inversion technology, and its applications. We first briefly introduce the EM methods for mineral exploration. Next, we give a comprehensive review of 3D EM forward modeling, inversion, and data interpretation, with special attention paid to the development of EM theory and applications in mineral exploration. We hope this review can promote the application of 3D EM numerical simulation and inversion in mineral exploration.

Health and Care Horizons Leeds: Attracting, navigating and inspiring the future workforce

Abstract Health and social care (H&amp;SC) partners in Leeds connect and collaborate across seven shared workforce priorities, including ‘growing and developing registrants” and “narrowing inequalities”. A range of programmes across the Leeds H&amp;SC system promote collaborative, person-centred recruitment, and developing diverse &amp; accessible talent pipelines. Through these programmes and the aims of the NHS long-term workforce plan we have identified a need to draw together information, insight and opportunities to attract, navigate, inform and inspire young people into H&amp;SC careers. The Leeds partnership co-designed an interactive career exploration tool with young people to meet these aims. This person-centred digital tool is designed to dispel misinformation and equip young people with personalised actions and pathways to work anywhere in the sector based on their skills, values and lifestyle. The framework of our approach to designing the tool and lessons learned is applicable to other settings and localities. An academically embedded evaluation of the co-design phase demonstrated the importance of reaching out to a diverse audience. We worked with over 400 young people across 12 unique and representative networks and made them feel valued. Our partners were persuaded by the potential for the tool to boost recruitment and retention strategies, aligning with the NHS long-term workforce plan and the vision for a Social Care Workforce Strategy. The platform will be launched in September 2024 so process findings will be combined with results around usage, appraisal from the sector and careers services, and impact on employers and educators. Through co-design we have challenged our assumptions at all stages of the project and created a transformational tool to address the needs of the sector and young people in Leeds. We will continue to work closely with our H&amp;SC sector partners to embed the tool in their organisations and expand the tool’s functionality. Key messages • We have created a system-wide operational career exploration tool to attract young people in Leeds to the right Health and Care career for them. • We will highlight the core values that have underpinned the creation of the tool, its functionality and lessons learned post-launch.

Designing 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives for Targeted Inhibition of Proteolytic and Coagulant Activities in Bothrops Jararaca and Bothrops neuwiedi Snake Venoms

AbstractSnakebites inflict significant injuries on humans and animals, posing a severe global public health challenge due to high mortality and morbidity rates. This study presents results against the venoms of Bothrops jararaca and Bothrops neuwiedi using sixteen synthetic hybrid molecules containing thiophene and triazoles, designated as 6a–h and 7a–h. The compounds were assessed for their ability to inhibit proteolytic and plasma coagulant activities induced by the snake venoms, and their toxicity was analyzed. Most derivatives demonstrated nontoxicity through in silico analysis with the Osiris Property Explorer tool and in vitro cytotoxic hemocompatibility on red blood cells. Notably, only derivative 6e exhibited toxicity to erythrocytes, while 6b, 6d, 7c, and 7f displayed mutagenic, tumorigenic, or adverse effects on the reproductive system. Derivatives 6a, 6c–h, 7c–e, 7g, or 7h effectively inhibited the coagulating activity of B. jararaca venom, while 6a–b, 6d–e, 6h, or 7a–f inhibited coagulation induced by B. neuwiedi venom. All derivatives demonstrated inhibition of the proteolytic activity caused by B. jararaca venom, and derivatives 6a–d and 7e–f inhibited the activity of B. neuwiedi venom. Consequently, these derivatives exhibited varying degrees of efficacy in countering two crucial toxic effects of B. jararaca or B. neuwiedi venoms, suggesting their potential as antivenoms against both species.

Predicting well productivity in cratonic regions using remote sensing lineaments and weathered cover thickness: A case study from Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

In western African cratonic regions, fractured crystalline bedrock, Neoproterozoic sedimentary covers, and regolith deposits constitute the most productive aquifer systems. Structural lineaments derived from remote sensing data and weathered cover thickness from borehole interpretations provide cost-effective methods for evaluating well productivity in regions with limited economic resources and hydrogeological knowledge, such as Houet province in Western Burkina Faso. Structural lineaments were interpreted using 1:200,000 Landsat TM images and 1:50,000 aerial photographs, revealing NE and NW as the most significant directions. An analysis of 101 borehole stratigraphic profiles from rural water supply program reports revealed the weathering depth and cover thickness. Borehole productivity exhibited a strong correlation with increased weathered cover thickness. Negative well results were concentrated in areas with less than 5 m of cover. In contrast, significant differences in specific yield rates were observed with greater thicknesses, ranging from 2.5 m³/d for 20 m of saturated thickness to 7.6 m³/d when the regolith reached a depth of 40 m. These preliminary groundwater exploration tools effectively target successful well sites by accounting for differing lithologies, regional tectonics, and regolith development. This approach is particularly relevant for cratonic regions with limited resources and hydrogeological knowledge, aiding in sustainable groundwater development and land-use planning.

Boolean Delay Equations: a dynamical approach to modeling complex systems

Boolean delay equations (BDEs) are equations with discrete variables evolving in continuous time. They serve as exploratory tools in the study of nonlinear and complex systems. In this review paper, we outline their formulation and illustrate their properties by application to a solid-earth problem and a climate one. The first problem is the seismotectonic description and prediction of earthquakes and of their clustering. The second one is that of the coupled atmosphere-ocean phenomenon of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Both involve irregular behavior that is hard to predict, although some form of cyclicity is present in both, especially in ENSO. The paper concludes with broad perspectives on the further use of BDEs in the geosciences and elsewhere.

Typographic tools for semantic exploration in Aravind Adiga's “The white tiger”

This study aims to explore the typographic strategies employed by Aravind Adiga in his novel The White Tiger, focusing on how visual elements contribute to the narrative’s thematic depth and infer deeper meaning. Through detailed discourse analysis, the research investigates the use of typography, including bold text, italics, capitalization, superscript, and other extra-linguistic elements as tools for emphasizing key moments, conveying character emotions, and highlighting deeply entrenched social, political and bureaucratic injustices. The method involves a close reading of the novel and a semiotic analysis of the typographic variations to interpret their symbolic significance. The results reveal that Adiga’s typographic choices are not merely aesthetic but serve as a powerful narrative device that enhances the reader’s engagement and understanding of the novel’s underlying messages, fostering a profound understanding of the protagonist's journey from darkness to light. Conclusively, Adiga’s innovative use of typography in The White Tiger adds a layer of artistic insight that enriches the novel’s exploration of corruption, social inequality, and the complexities of human ambition. The analysis underscores typography as a vehicle for deeper literary expression, offering new insights into Adiga's narrative technique where language and style converge to convey powerful, emotive meanings.

Adapting the Social Norms Exploration Tool in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Identify Social Norms for Behavior Change.

In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), male engagement, social norms, and social networks mitigate family planning behavior. We discuss the adaptation of the Social Norms Exploration Tool (SNET), which identifies relevant social norms and community members upholding these norms, to inform the development of family planning interventions in the DRC. The SNET provides activity tools and templates to guide users through the following steps: (1) plan and prepare, (2) identify reference groups, (3) explore social norms, (4) analyze results, and (5) apply findings.The SNET approach resulted in discussion of social norms, particularly around birth spacing and gender norms framing the man as the decision-maker. However, despite applying a methodology specifically designed to identify social norms, other factors limiting use of contraceptive methods were identified in the process, including lack of education, rumors, and misconceptions. Adaptations were needed to include the full range of reference groups due to narrow phrasing of primary questions, and some of the participatory methods were overly complicated. Feedback from experienced data collectors suggested that the social norms framework is not intuitive, is difficult to apply correctly, and may require that data collectors have a stronger foundation in the relevant concepts to produce valid and actionable results.Although the SNET provides language for discussing normative factors and techniques to identify reference groups and social norms, modifications to the implementation process are recommended when adapting the tool for research.

A critical analysis of pupils' use of the CLC digital explorer tool at Key Stage 3

Abstract The study concerns the use made by Year 8 pupils of Latin using the ‘Explorer’ digital learning tool (part of the digital learning resources of the Cambridge Latin Course). Through close attention to transcripts of students working in pairs using the tool, which provides vocabulary and language analysis of continuous Latin prose narratives, the author notes its value in promoting inter-pupil discussion and collaborative learning. Recommendations include that teachers should consider the positive value of the tool as a means to promote discussion, but that pupils also need to be taught how to use the language analyser.

A novel mobile robot with origami wheels designed for navigating sandy terrains

Abstract Sand robots play a vital role as mobile tools for human exploration of desert regions, facilitating resource transportation and exploration. However, desert areas primarily consist of beaches or dunes, resulting in a highly diverse and complex terrain environment that demands enhanced adaptability from sandy mobile robots. Traditional wheeled robots currently face challenges such as skidding, limited climbing ability, and inadequate obstacle avoidance capabilities in sandy environments. To address these issues and enable effective adaptation to the intricate sand environment, we propose a novel sandy mobile robot equipped with Kresling origami wheels. The origami wheel can dynamically adjust its width and morphology through Kresling origami folding. Experimental tests were conducted to illustrate the impact of width variation on the robot’s mobility velocity, propulsive force, climbing performance, and carrying capacity. The self-folding malleability of the origami wheel empowers the robot to efficiently accomplish diverse tasks, including swift movement on flat sand surfaces, seamless crossing of narrow channels, and intelligent obstacle avoidance. By successfully completing these multimodal tasks while adapting to varying requirements, our robot demonstrates promising prospects for practical applications of mobile robots equipped with origami wheels – paving the way for wider adaptation and utilization of sand mobile robots.

The Framework of Modeling Buddhist Head in 3D with Semantic Information

Abstract. Buddhist statues hold profound spiritual and cultural significance, yet their comprehensive analysis and identification remain largely reliant on manual annotation and expert scrutiny. Despite advancements in 3D modeling, the nuanced representation of these statues, essential for automated analysis, remains elusive. Integrating semantic information such as symbolic and cultural elements poses a further challenge. There currently exists no standardized method for modeling Buddhist heads in 3D with semantic information. This paper proposes a framework for the component-based analysis of Buddhist statues, particularly focusing on their heads, to bridge this gap. Drawing from diverse disciplines including archaeology, art history, and conservation, the framework leverages advancements in 3D reconstruction to provide a detailed depiction of intricate features. Building upon existing research outcomes, the framework facilitates the seamless integration of semantic information, capturing not only the physical attributes but also the cultural, historical, and spiritual dimensions of these sculptures. This approach aids in overcoming challenges in automated analysis and virtual restoration, providing a dynamic tool for exploration, preservation, and interpretation of cultural heritage. By enabling interdisciplinary synergy, the framework emerges as a dynamic tool for exploring, preserving, and interpreting the profound heritage of Buddhist art with unprecedented depth and clarity.