Manned Exploration Research Articles

Understanding Violence Against Women in the Caribbean Through an Exploration of Men's Perspectives.

Qualitative research with 60 males (16-80 years) from two Caribbean countries was carried out to explore men's perspectives on domestic violence (DV). An inductive latent/thematic approach to data analysis supported by analytic software led to five key domains being identified: (1) meanings of violence; (2) patrinormative culture; (3) normalization of violence; (4) male victimization; and (5) blame attribution and empathy. Patriarchal values, together with childhood exposure to violence, were found to reduce empathic capacity and contribute to the normalization of DV. In addition, the minimization of male victimization and the lack of behavior-change support services for men were identified as contributory factors.

“I'm More Acknowledged”: A Qualitative Exploration of Men's Positioning of their Body Image, Eating, and Exercise Concerns

Men who experience eating disorders are underrepresented in the body of research into eating disorders. Even less is known about men who may experience a troubled relationship with eating and their bodies but whose reported symptoms are subclinical. How do these men understand their experiences? And what does it mean for them to locate their experiences as either problematic or within the eating disorder discourse? This study is an in-depth qualitative exploration into the experiences of a community group of six men, all of whom self-identified as being concerned with their body, eating, and exercise habits. This study provides insight into some of the ways these men constructed and understood their relationship with their eating and their bodies and negotiated their identities in relation to these difficulties. These men struggled to find a language to position their experiences as problematic and frequently engaged in processes of minimization of these problems' significance, despite the problematic effects on their lives. These processes worked as restraints for these men in seeking assistance for their struggles. These findings have implications for ways to engage men who experience these struggles through tailored prevention or treatment programs.

An Exploration of Men's Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of HIV, HIV Risk, and Willingness to Test for HIV in Yendi District, Northern Ghana

We explored men's HIV knowledge, perceptions of HIV risk, and willingness to test for HIV in preparation for the initiation of formalized voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services at Yendi Hospital in Yendi District, Ghana. A multi-method approach was used, including surveys of 129 male hospital patrons, three men-only focus group discussions, and eight interviews with clinical staff at the hospital. History of condom use, perception of risk, paying for an HIV test, and age were all significantly associated (p<.05) with willingness to test. An aversion to the hospital was the most prominent theme among participants. Aversion was due to perceived lack of confidentiality, preference for traditional healers, perceived costs, and fear of testing. Our participants (a) expressed the need for VCT services, (b) recommended that VCT target men for HIV prevention and VCT patronage, and (c) thought locations outside of hospitals should provide testing services.

Women’s Sport Spectatorship: An Exploration of Men’s Influence

While women are increasingly becoming vested fans of men’s football, baseball, hockey, and basketball, the perceived barriers—sociological, psychological and practical—to watching women’s sports still appear formidable for many female fans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lack of female consumption of women’s sport through the voices and perspectives of female spectators of men’s sport. Based on interviews with female season ticket holders of men’s collegiate basketball who had not attended women’s basketball games for at least 5 years, the most robust theme to emerge was the profound male influence in the spectator lives of women. This influence was a lifelong phenomenon spanning generations, beginning with grandfathers and brothers and continuing through husbands and sons. Other factors combined with this strong influence to block participants’ consumption of women’s sport. These include a lack of awareness and access to women’s sport and the existence of socializing agents who empasized and prioritized male leisure interests.

CIDADANIA E EDUCAÇAO: APONTAMENTOS EM TORNO DE UMA CATEGORIA BURGUESA

This article discusses the relationships between education and citizenship searchingfor its historical roots. Term of the fashion, citizenship was taken as phenomenal expressionof itself own, it was raised to the panacea of all the evils and it works as a type of equalizer ofthe serious social crises, of the poverty that affects most of the population and product of theimmeasurable man's exploration. The State no longer more hides to who defends, shimmeringa determinant of the society in our time, that is, the money and to increase the wealth. Thathas been the objective that it permeates the society, but that is covered by the ideologicalperspective that the democratic society should search for the interest of everybody, as ifeverybody was the same and that was not class distinction. The explored masses, with greatdifficulty, discovered that its fight cannot be limited to the marks of the bourgeois legality, butthat, face to the dictatorship of the capital, needs to build its own self-defense and selfpreservation,permanently creating mechanisms of civil disobedience and deepening thepolitical fight against the bourgeois State. In view of the conditions that today express thefight of classes, generated by the new forms of exploration of the capital, it is more and morepresent to the need of meeting new, creative, assaults and radical fight forms, in opposition tothe bourgeois citizenship.

An Exploration of Men's Experience and Role at Childbirth

Over the last three decades, in the UK, there has been a marked increase in the number of men accompanying their partners in hospital labour wards at the birth of their child. This study discusses the findings of a survey of a cohort of 53 such men following the delivery of their child and explores the experience of a sub-sample of 20 of these men through face-to-face interviews. The response of these males is examined in relation to a number of appropriate “roles” at attendance, i.e., “teammate,” “witness,” and “coach.” Overall, the majority of men reported a positive and emotionally uplifting experience, but a number of negative aspects were also identified. Several men were unable to clearly identify a defined role or functional purpose in their attendance. Further there is considerable confusion as to who is responsible for the decision for their attendance. The study highlights there are some negative aspects to men attending their child's birth, but these are related to under-preparedness and obligatory role adoption that possibility may conflict with men's own reasons for attending the birth.

Mission to the planets: the illustrated story of man's exploration of the solar system

The first successful probe to another world was Luna 1, sent to the Moon by the Russians in 1959. Since then many other probes have been launched, and by August 1989 all the planets in the Sun's family had been studied from close range, with the exception of Pluto. This is the illustrated story of man's exploration of the Solar System-a story which is no more than three decades old so far, but which has told us more than we could have dared to hope in the early days of the Space Age.

Assault on the Wet Continent

Earth's continental shelves, defined as that land sloping down beneath the ocean to a depth of 600 feet, amount to a continent in themselves. Together they cover some 11.5 million square miles-equal to the area of Africa. Exploring and exploiting them is a major oceanographic goal, held up by the limitations imposed by extreme depths. In October, at least 40 men will join in what will be the first true attempt to live and work at the deepest limit of the continental shelf. Their home will be Sealab III, an elaborate dwelling anchored in 620 feet of water near San Clemente Island off the California coast. There five consecutive eight-man teams of aquanauts will live for 12 days each, opening wider the gateway to man's exploration and use of the wet continent. The technique that makes this possible, the key to the assault on the deeps, is called saturation diving. The U.S. Navy's depth limit for hard-hat divers spending half an hour on the bottom is 380 feet; at that depth, decompression from a 30-minute dive takes more than three hours, or six times the available working time. By the time a diver has been at a given depth for about 24 hours, however, all the tissues in his body become saturated with the compressed gases in his breathing supply. can stay at that depth as long as he wants without increasing his decompression time. It thus becomes much more economical for divers to refrain from commuting to the surface. The first diver to reach saturation at significant depth in open water was Robert Stenuit, a young Belgian who spent 24 hours at a depth of 200 feet in a submersible decompression chamber designed by Edwin A. Link, inventor of the Link flight trainer. In June, 1964, Stenuit and another diver made what is still the deepest saturation dive, when they spent 49 hours in a new Link-designed capsule, 432 feet down in the Atlantic, off the Bahama Islands. One of the leading pioneers in the field, however, Navy Capt. George F. Bond of the Naval Medical Research Lab. at New London, Conn., began working in 1957 with animals in depth-simulating compression chambers. Besides investigating helium instead of intoxicating nitrogen as the inert component in the breathing mixture, he envisioned development of both mobile and fixed underwater habitations from which scientists, engineers and military personnel could be routinely deployed. At first, the use of human subjects in saturation diving was turned down. Soon afterward, however, the Navy's fledgling interest in manned space flight created some interest in research into helium-oxygen atmospheres, and the idea began to grow. In simulation chambers, three Navy divers first spent three days at 200 feet, then 300, and finally 400 feet. Finally, in July 1964, Capt. Bond got his first sealab. About the only way Sealab I could have been more of a personal triumph would have been if Bond had paid for it himself. He practically got it going by the skin of his teeth, says another Navy diving doctor. By comparison to its successors, Sealab I was a simple affair, made of two old mine floats, sectioned and welded together into a 40-foot cigar, 10 feet in diameter. Four aquanauts lived there for 11 days, placing ultrasonic beacons on the sea floor (the site was also a Navy sonar test area), installing current meters, rigging spot-