Exploitation Of New Sources Research Articles

Benefit Considerations of a New Formulation of Kluiklui (Peanut-Cake) Biscuit Supplemented with Breadfruit Flour as Prebiotic Product

Estimated at about 7.55 billion according to the United Nations (2017) the number of people on earth is growing and this is due to the high birth rate that the world knows. This high number of people on earth will cause problems such as overcrowding, hunger and food insecurity and many others, the most to be feared is food insecurity. Talking about food security is about food, and in trying to address the need for nutritious food, it will be about increasing the productivity of food processing processes and improvin g practices to ensure a good nutritional status and consequently a good state of health of the populations. In other words, to identify food pathways that can improve the nutritional status of populations. Based on the fact that - The orientation of research towards the exploitation of new sources with high nutritional functionality has led to renewed interest in unconventional crops with potential advantages fo r local development of populations as well as for industry in recent years - Agricultural development must play a leading role in alleviating hunger and increasing food security locally, regionally and globally (Jones et al., 2011). Agribusiness is a sector that should be stimulated by appropriate technologies, but also and especially by local products valued in order to cope with the increase in food impo rts, we have been able to identify in the biodiversity from Africa more precisely in the tropical zone the fruits of Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg, a largely underutilized food energy source (Ferguson 1980, Morton 1990), a fruit that according to Worrell (2002), Orwa (2009), Liu, (2014) and Graham (1981) are highly nutritious, rich in carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and ash consisting of appreciable amounts of calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus, frequently consumed as a starchy staple. Breadfruit has great potential to alleviate hunger and increase food security in the tropics, given the high productivity of the trees of this fruit. And groundnut (Arachis hypogea) is an important source of protein, fats, minerals and vitamins in the diet of rural populations, especially children (Adjou, 2012). Groundnuts play an important role in human nutrition. It is a good source of protein and mineral lipids. These two twinned agricultural products deserve to be the basis of research on food products that can help tackle the problem of food insecurity. And since economic development and its challenges in the agri-food sector, can not overshadow issues related to the cultural identity of a country, because many local foods have so far resisted imported products, thanks to their anchoring in the culture of the populations we also looked at a produ ct produced from the transformation of the peanut commonly called "kluiklui" which distinguishes Benin on the cultural and culinary level. It is a food of choice of certain social classes, which has a very appetizing flavor (Guedou, 2011). In view of all this, we decided to enhance the value of this snack by improving some of its features to find solutions related to several problems such as poverty, malnutrition and many others and the cake biscuit of peanut and breadfruit flour is our end product because biscuit is the most popular food eaten because of its varied taste, long shelf life and relatively low costs, which is similar to in kluiklui. The incorporation of breadfruit flo ur (Artocarpus altilis (Park.)) Into the formulation may be desirable from a nutritional and healthy point of view. The effect of adding breadfruit flour on the nutritional properties and formation of process contaminants in peanut meal flour biscuits is worth studying. It is therefore in order to make available a product with high nutritional value accessible to all on the one hand and the promotion of groundnut and breadfruit processing that we undertook to carry out our research based on the risks and benefits of a new formulation of kluiklui biscu its incorporated into breadfruit flour as a prebiotic product, because prebiotics are known to stimulate the growth and activity of intestinal bacteria that are potentially useful for health and they also offer improved organoleptic quality and a better balanced nutritional composition. The development and improvement of functional nutritious biscuits, peanut cake recipe in combination with breadfruit flour as a prebiotic product is possible and can help fight against malnutrition which is a public health problem in the countries under development because proteinenergy malnutrition and food insecurity are among the most serious problems facing tropical African countries.

Fracking the Future: Temporality, Framing and the Politics of Unconventional Fossil Fuels

Despite scientific consensus of the need to rapidly decarbonize economic systems in order to avoid dangerous climate change, the exploitation of new sources of fossil fuels continues unabated. Over...

Petrographic and Geochemical Investigations on the Pottery Production from Arslantepe–Malatya (Eastern Anatolia) from the Fourth to the Second Millennium BCE: Technological Continuity, Innovation and Cultural Change

The petrographic and geochemical analyses of 130 Late Chalcolithic 3 (LC3, 3800 bce) to Early Bronze Age IIIB (EBAIIIB, 2000 bce) ceramics from Arslantepe and the Malatya Plain in the Eastern Anatolian Upper Euphrates have identified critical differences in raw material procurement and paste preparation, reflecting typological, chronological and cultural changes. Based on these differences, distinct modes of production that correspond to phases reflecting significant social, economic and political changes were recognized. In particular, the interruption of the centralization process and the establishment of mobile groups during EBAI (3000–2900 bce) were accompanied by the exploitation of new sources.

Valorisation de nouveaux matériaux naturels et recyclés dans la construction routière en Algérie

These recent years, the development of the civil engineering and especially the public works sectors in Algeria requires large amount of aggregates. Therefore, the abusive uncontrolled extraction of materials send out distress signals on the over-exploitation and reduction of the usual natural sources of aggregates, particularly alluvial deposits. Indeed, this can certainly maximize the risks of environmental contamination and threaten the aggregates supply continuity of projects, therefore seriously disturbing the development of the public work sector. For those reasons, the exploitation of new aggregates sources and the search for new local materials (natural or recycled materials) are urgently needed and seem to be a promising solution for sustainable development. Indeed, many natural materials such as (schist, marl,…) have been investigated in this area, given their availability and ease of extraction. Also, tons of inert wastes (concrete debris, glass debris,…) are generated from various human activities and abandoned in nature (along the roads) or buried in landfills where they surely represent contamination threats to ground water, while, these materials can be recovered and reused as alternative aggregates in important industrial sectors such as civil engineering and public works. The present experimental study is conducted in this context. It aims at valorizing local natural materials (marl) and recycled materials (glass debris) in road construction. Indeed, marl is among the most available materials in Algeria, it represents over 40% of the soils of Great Kabylia (Tizi-Ouzou). It is close to the surface (accessibility), with thicknesses exceeding 1000 meters (availability). Glass debris are also among the most available types of wastes (found in dumps and landfills). It is widely used in many industrial activities such as packaging, decoration, construction, and therefore it generates a lot of inert waste which take about 5000 years to decompose. For those reasons (large amounts and lengthy decomposition), several studies have been carried out for the glass possible reuse in civil engineering, especially in concrete and roads. To achieve this work, samples are prepared in the form of mixtures of marl with different proportions of glass debris (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%). They are then submitted after identification to the main mechanical road tests, namely: compaction with modified Proctor tests in order to assess their maximal dry density, penetration with CBR tests (California Bearing Ratio) to evaluate puncture strength immediately under the circulation of vehicles during the construction of pavements or after soaking under water for 4 days (96 h), representing the worst humidity conditions on construction site. The samples are then subjected to direct shear tests using Casagrande shear box to assess their shear strength under traffic, especially during acceleration and braking of heavy vehicles. Finally, they are subjected to fragmentability, degradability, Los Angeles and micro-Deval tests to evaluate the evolution of the grains under different mechanical efforts (traffic, climatic and hydro-geological conditions). The experiments carried out have shown very remarkable results. Unlike the unfavorable behavior showed by the marl or the glass alone; their combination as mixtures presents very interesting mechanical characteristics under the different tests. Particularly, the mixtures with 20% of glass debris have shown the best aptitude to compaction, at low water content, and a high penetration strength in soaked and un-soaked conditions. In addition, it exhibits very interesting mechanical characteristics at shearing, with acceptable fragmentability, degradability, impact and wear behaviors. These results are very valuable and fully satisfy the requirements of standards for materials used in roads under weak and medium traffic. However, to better understand and develop the use of the studied materials in the road construction; further tests are necessary, such as long-term tests under cyclic natural loading (temperature, freeze–thaw,…). This research work may have considerable interests, both on the economical aspect and on the environmental impact in the region, mainly: Conservation of alluvial deposits and exploitation of new sources of aggregates to ensure the projects supply. Preservation of the environment by recovering abandoned glass wastes in nature, consequently, allowing the recovering of important storage spaces and significantly reducing the needs for new landfills. Contribution to the development of the recycling industries and the creation of more employment opportunities for the local population, leading to income generation and poverty reduction in developing countries such as Algeria, which offers a fertile field of recyclable materials (concrete, plastic, glass,…). However, this study must be accompanied by appropriate and selective dumps installation strategies, with a large sensitizing of population in order to allow the easy collection of glass debris and other materials that can be recycled in the civil engineering field and other construction fields.

Strategic human resource management and inertia in the corporate entrepreneurship of a multinational enterprise

Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) supports sustained competitive advantage through the continuous exploration and exploitation of new sources of knowledge. With an emphasis on combining knowledge in new configurations, strategic human resource management (HRM) activities are core to these entrepreneurial endeavours. We explore how strategic HRM activities may facilitate and impede CE through a rich, qualitative case study of three local entities within a business unit of a large multinational enterprise facing business stagnation and low levels of corporate entrepreneurship. Responding to a call for more empirical research that probes the subtle and complex interactions between HRM activities and other organisational factors affecting CE, we identify a configuration of inter-dependent factors that mutually reinforce each other and sustain inertia in corporate entrepreneurship. We also make two novel contributions to theory by (1) elaborating the links between organisational process-orientation, strategic HRM and CE; and (2) refining to our current understanding of human competencies for CE.

English

The rapid increase of the maize crop in the last decades in Brazil, mainly in the Central West region, has encouraged the second crop (usually maize after soybean) in the same year. For that reason the need for the exploitation of new sources of germplasm seems to be apparent to attend the challenge to create new cultivars (populations or hybrids) adapted to the extremely varying environments. Following this principle, the objective of the present work was directed to the study of genetic variability and yield potential of three semiexotic populations (CRE-01, CRE-02, CRE-03) under the condition of second crop in the Southwest region of the State of Goias (Brazil). In addition, one cycle of recurrent selection with half-sib families was completed in each population. Half-sib families from each population (200, 180 and 180, respectively) were evaluated in completely randomized block experiments with three replications in Jatai (GO). Parameters estimates were obtained for ear yield (EY), grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), ear height (EH), ear length (EL) and ear diameter (ED). The population means for GY were 5.68 t/ha, 5.83 t/ha and 5.83 t/ha, which were around 70% of the hybrid check. The coefficients of heritability (family mean basis) varied from 0.36 to 0.70; 0.47 to 0.69; and 0.39 to 0.68 for the respective populations. Estimates of the additive genetic variance for grain yield (g/plant) were 316.1, 266.4 and 258.4; and the expected gain from selection were 11.8%, 10.1% and 9.3%, respectively.

Optimization of an Invention Based on a Force Multiplier Mechanism for Wave Power Generation

The development and exploitation of new sources of clean energy that do not depend on traditional sources based on the use of fossil fuels, is the focus of this research, which starts with the optimization of an invention capable of transforming a reciprocating rectilinear motion into continuous circular motion in a very efficient way, to be used in the development of a Wave Energy Converter (WEC), capable of operating with low wave height and taking advantage of the oscillating movement of the waves both when rising, and when lowering, unlike other similar devices that harness it only in one way.

Achievements and perspectives of ERAWAST

The ERAWAST initiative (Exotic Radionuclides from Accelerator Waste for Science and Technology) was started at PSI in 2006 and is aimed to acquire resources from the PSI accelerator facilities for the preparation of rare long-lived radionuclides for several scientific purposes [1]. One of the application fields where such radionuclides like 60 Fe, 53 Mn, 44 Ti, 26 Al, 7/10 Be are urgently needed is nuclear astrophysics.First laboratory-scale separations have been carried out, with the result that two samples of around 1016 atoms of 60 Fe each could be provided for experiments [2]. A re-determination of the half-life of 60 Fe was performed with the first one [3], and the neutron capture cross section of 60 Fe at stellar energies was measured for the first time [4] using the second one.These successes encouraged us to put more efforts into the development of remote- controlled separation systems in order to gain higher amounts and the exploitation of new sources of the desired isotopes. These works are currently ongoing and for the first time, separation of about 5 GBq 7 Be from the cooling water of the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ) was succeeded. Moreover, about 50 g of 10 Be are now available after its separation from graphite samples of the target E station at PSI [5]. Considerable amounts of 60 Fe, 53 Mn, 26 Al and others from an irradiated copper beam dump can be expected in the near future.In addition, a scientific program was originated to determine half-lives and neutron capture cross-section of astrophysical interesting radionuclides. In a first step a confirmation of the new measured 60 Fe half-life in two independent experiments was started. First studies aimed to re-measure the half-life of 10 Be are currently ongoing. Experiments to determine the neutron capture cross-section of 53 Mn using cold and ultra-cold neutrons as well as its half-life at PSI are planned.

Shifting-Sand Control in Central Tibet

The middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo, the Lhasa, and the Nianchu rivers form the center of politics, economy, and culture in the Tibetan Autonomous Region. Due to the fragility of the natural environment and overexploitation of land by the local people, desertification is becoming a serious problem in the valleys. Shifting sands cover an area of 578 km2 and have caused problems such as damage to farmland and grassland, traffic blockage and burying of water projects. This paper discusses strategies and techniques for combating shifting sands, including reformation of the agricultural structure, exploitation of new sources of energy, and combinations of mechanical and biotic measures. Using mechanical measures, straw barriers, and gravel layer covers, artificial vegetation can be established on the mobile sand dune by sowing and planting introduced species.

Interdisciplinary approaches to drug discovery An academic approach

AbstractDrug discovery has traditionally been based on a process of molecular roulette in which large numbers of compounds are tested for biological activity in animals. This is slow and expensive, and does not have very good odds for success. Typically, introduction of a new drug costs $100m–200m in research and development, and only about 40 new chemical entities are introduced each year despite an estimated $20 000m annual expenditure on pharmaceutical research worldwide. Increasingly, research on drug discovery involves highly integrated interdisciplinary teams, and the use of modern technology. Three themes can be discerned in drug discovery research: computer aided drug design, development of new therapeutic targets, and exploitation of new sources of lead compounds. Most benefits will result from synergistic interactions between these three themes. Computer based drug design can focus either on postulated targets or on postulated lead compounds. Although gene cloning provides a vast database of seq...