Exploitation Of Human Resources Research Articles

Commodification Of Education In Transactional Leadership [A Literature Review Study

Higher education is increasingly seen as a commodity that can be bought and sold in the global market. This phenomenon emerges along with the development of a culture of capitalism that penetrates into the academic realm. This research examines the role of transactional leadership in the commodification of higher education in Indonesia. Using a case study approach of literature review from various journals, this research investigates how transactional leadership practices contribute to the transformation of education into an economically fungible product. The research findings reveal that transactional leadership encourages the creation of a management system that is oriented towards financial gain. Students are viewed as consumers, while education becomes a service that must be sold competitively. Transactional leaders tend to adopt business strategies such as aggressive marketing, diversification of study programs, and exploitation of human resources to maximize institutional income. Furthermore, this study analyzes the impact of education commodification on learning quality, academic integrity, and the welfare of the academic community. The results show that commodification can sacrifice essential aspects of education, such as intellectual development, character building, and the pursuit of scientific truth, in order to pursue financial goals. This study concludes that transactional leadership has the potential to change the face of higher education into a pure business activity, with significant consequences for the quality and purpose of education itself. The findings make an important contribution to the discussion on the direction of higher education in Indonesia and the role of leadership in determining the values embraced by educational institutions.

EDUCATION COMMODIFICATION: PROCESSES AND RESULTS

The paper analyzes processes and results of the commercialization and commodification of education seen as leading trends in Russian and world education. Methodology and research methods. Theoretical analysis of the problems appeared in Russian and world education was carried out in the context of socio-psychological and practical psychological analysis of its trends. The world and all spheres of its existence and development, as one of the manifestations of the phenomenon of globalization, taking place in the context of a systemic crisis of capitalist relations, is experiencing an intensive growth of the processes of commercialization and commodification. These processes are the most significant where commercialization, contrary to the traditions and basic meanings of this or that practice, seems to be a natural part of activities. One of these areas is education. Modern primary, secondary and higher education in the countries of the former USSR and many other former countries of the «socialist camp» are experiencing an intense crisis. They are increasingly desacralized whereas, their conceptual basis is almost completely lost. It becomes not an institution (of retransmission and creativity) of culture and human development, not an institute of care for the younger generation, but an institution for the sale of services for the (trans) formation of a «service person». Com mercialization in the conditions of desacralization goes into total commodification. Education becomes the business of delivering «educational services.»The state bureaucracy, as well as heads of corporations and enterprises of various types actively and systematically intervene in the processes of education. Their goal is to impose education, starting from the very first stages and ending with the last ones, their schemes, values, formats. These goals of consumption and exploitation of human and other resources are alien to education as early as possible. As a result, the selection and upbringing and training of professional, corresponding to a certain organizational culture of personnel goes into the formation of specialists with a narrowly limited, special set of knowledge, allowing to perform certain production and everyday functions, but not allowing a person to self-realize, form and develop themselves as an individual. Large-scale and aggressive penetration of alien ideas and structures of relations, the seizure of education by ideology and technologies of the «market»type leads to the phenomenon of «death of the university», other levels of education. The systemic crisis of education, deformations in the relationship of a person with himself and the world is the result of desacralization, the identity of ignorance and alienation. However, universities and schools, as specific for each time space of the dialogue of generations, the creative dialogue of man and culture, continue to evolve. Their forms change and are refined, in a battle with consumerism and commodification, their priorities and functions. They continue to exist not as functions of governing the state by «faceless masses». They continue to exist not as a function of the exploitation of human resources by business, but as a function of cultural transmission and development. Commercialization can be a situational and insignificant component of the successful work of universities and schools, but not the goal and not the main condition for their livelihoods.

The Level of Educational Leaders Commitment to the Organizational Intelligence Dimensions in the Saudi Educational Institutions from the Perspective of Teaching Board Members and the Educational Leaders

The current study aims to identify the level of educational leaders commitment to the organizational intelligence in the Saudi educational institutions from the perspective of the teaching board members and the educational leaders, also identifying the organizational intelligence dimensions and its domains. To achieve the study objectives, the researcher applied the descriptive analytical approach. The study has been applied over a random sample of educational leaders and teaching board members in the Faculty of Education of Ha’il University. The study sample included (102) members. The study concluded that there is a high level of commitment from the educational leaders to the organizational intelligence. In the end, the researcher recommended the need to continue following a methodology based on the exploitation of human resources in the institution.

The "Misère de l’éducation" in the Age of Crisis

Over twenty years after the publication of La misere du monde (Bourdieu 1993), Pierre Bour-dieu’s work is still highly relevant. The social order that has led to a proliferation of the small miseries of the world seems to have prevailed: Pierre Bourdieu’s micro-sociological essay highlighted the symptoms of a disease that has gotten worse in the past few years, and prophetically predicted many of its current con-sequences. This article aims at analysing the consequences on the educational field where practices of service-sector Taylorism are emerging alongside the usual mechanisms of social reproduction. These practices are allegedly inspired by meritocracy, but actually aimed at the utilitarian exploitation of human resources. The students’ potential is thus trivialised, dumbed down to a few measurable variables on which teaching and selecting are based, according to a view that treats humans as merely means to an end. Thus, by concealing the social fabric in which individuals are rooted, any failure can be surreptitiously blamed on individual responsibilities. Sociological research has the crucial task of revealing the peculiar logic of this kind of mechanisms, more and more common in several fields, and their ideological implica-tions, typical of neoliberalism: because, as Bourdieu says, what the social world has done, it can, armed with this knowledge, undo (Bourdieu 1993d, 629)

A Study on Human Capital Valuation and Management

days of exploitation of human resources on fiscal grounds and work load has wiped by the emergence of the era of Human capital. Many organisations recognised that there is a minor margin between and The Best. It is possible for organisations to be called as The Best only if they could able to make parity between effective work from employees and efficiency of the same employees. It is that much difficult to maintain parity as many big organisations fail to continue in The Best position. It is fruitful only when Human is treated as Capital than a Resource/ expenditure. difficulty starts then how to value Human capital, how to maintain it? paper presents an insight in to the various methods of valuing Human Capital and how to maintain it successfully.

Armed Conflict and Human Rights in Colombia

Armed Conflict and Human Rights in Colombia

"El Lugareño" contra la esclavocracia: las cartas de Gaspar Betancourt y Cisneros (1803-1866)

Gaspar Betancourt y Cisneros, known as El Lugareno, was an outstanding member of the Cuban intellectual and landing aristocracy during the first half of the 19 th Century. He supplies a most interesting case that may help to understand some essential aspects of the debate that took place in his time between the anti-slavery minority —who maintained that the slave working force checked the development of the sugar industry— and the majority of the great landing owners who still trusted in the ilimited exploitation of human resources linked to the slave trade and its agrarian uses. The letters sent by Betancourt to some of his friends and followers, notably to Domingo del Monte, are a first-hand testimony of the importance of the issue.

The Role of Training Strategy in Reducing Skills Shortages: Some Evidence from a Survey of Small Firms

Some evidence of a relationship between training provision and the extent of skills shortages is provided by presenting the results of a survey of small firms operating across a range of manufacturing and service industries within the Portsmouth area of south Hampshire. By empirically distinguishing between different types of training providers and measuring the severity of skills shortages between companies, it is shown that those organisations which lay emphasis on the development of human resources are less adversely affected by skills shortages than those organisations which, in contrast, lay emphasis on the exploitation of human resources.

MANAGERIAL VISIONS AND EFFECTIVE TRAINING

In a study of companies operating in the mechanical, technical and electronic engineering sector within the Portsmouth, Fareham and Gosport travel‐to‐work areas in South Hampshire the authors found that high training companies with an emphasis on the development of human resources were far less affected by skill shortages than low training companies which traditionally have emphasised the exploitation of human resources. Organisations which fail to offer any development possibilities may gradually lose their ability to retain and attract labour into the enterprise so that they effectively become side‐lined within the labour market. Organisations are urged to adopt a managerial vision which stresses company responsibility for training and development policies within a regenerative and community‐based framework for the enterprise.

Response to Rejoinder by Professor Skinner

I am thankful for the opportunity to expound on my previous paper. It would seem that I have been unclear in parts of the previous paper, and Professor Skinner has keenly noted areas where greater details are warranted. I would like to respond to the main critiques that I found in Professor Skinner’s rejoinder. To me these seem to be:• the issue of a unique biblical system• the relevance of the parable of the vineyard workers• the issue surrounding minimum wages• a concern about possible economic exploitation of human resources• the distinction between compensation for human and non-human resources