Levels Of Explanation Research Articles

Knowledge Management in Local Governments: A Boost or a Brake on Productivity?

This study analyzes the impact of knowledge management on the productivity of a local government, to determine whether it acts as a boost or a brake on institutional performance. Using a quantitative approach, a non-experimental design and an explanatory level, 119 municipal workers were evaluated using validated and reliable instruments. The dimensions of knowledge detection, capture and development were examined, applying Spearman correlation and ordinal regression. The results revealed a positive and significant correlation between knowledge management and productivity (Rho = 0.810, p = 0.000), indicating that effective management is associated with higher levels of productivity. The regression model showed that knowledge management explains 66.2% of the variability in productivity, reflecting an important influence. However, areas for improvement were identified, especially in knowledge detection, where significant levels of inefficiency and regularity were perceived. It was concluded that knowledge management in the local government studied acts both as a boost and a brake on productivity. It is recommended to implement strategies that strengthen detection, capture and knowledge development practices, in order to optimize operational efficiency and offer higher quality services to the population.

ChatGPT and scientific research in university higher education

In the present study, the influence of ChatGPT on scientific research in university higher education was determined. The deductive method, quantitative approach, explanatory level, and pre-experimental design were used. The sample consisted of 36 students coursing a Master's Degree in University Research and Teaching at the Graduate School of the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Peru. The results showed that ChatGPT significantly influences scientific research, with an increase in results from the pretest of 2.8% to the posttest of 80.6%. In conclusion, ChatGPT has a positive impact on the formulation of scientific research, demonstrating its potential to improve the academic quality and impact of research papers.

Effectiveness of the Application of the Six Sigma Model for the Productivity of an Organic Banana Exporting Company

The highly competitive landscape of current markets forces companies to adopt effective models to improve their processes and increase their production levels. This study was carried out in an organic banana exporting company, to determine the impact on productivity when applying the Six Sigma methodology. The study had a quantitative approach, applied modality, with a pre-experimental design and an explanatory level. The techniques for collecting information were observation and documentary analysis. After implementing the five phases of the model, an increase of 24.7% in productivity was obtained; Likewise, it was observed that the process capacity would have gone from 0.60 to 1.16, and the Sigma level would have increased from 2.9 to 3.8, causing a lower number of defects per million opportunities in production.

Impact of Reputation and Brand Image on the Intention to Purchase Educational Services in Private Universities in Perú

In Peru, higher education has experienced significant growth due to the fact that public universities are unable to meet the demand of many young people who wish to pursue a university degree. In this context, the reputation and brand image of private universities are key factors in students’ choice of where to pursue their academic education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of brand image and reputation on the purchase intention. This study has a quantitative approach, a non-experimental cross-sectional design, and an explanatory level through a structural equation model. The study sample is made up of 381 students from 3 private universities in the capital of Peru. The results of the theoretical model were accepted because the RMSEA and SRMR values are very close to zero, the CFI =1, Chi-square (X^2)= 0.000116, and the (df)=1. Also, a high correlation was found between reputation and brand image (β=0.793). It is concluded that a strong brand image together with a favorable reputation contribute considerably to explain the variability in the purchase intention and the successful performance of Peruvian private universities.

Implementation in the European Union. A concept structural meta-study of environmental and social policy

ABSTRACT The implementation of EU law has been investigated since the 1980s without pinpointing any general explanatory mechanisms, while most studies focus on highly specific empirical analysis without going beyond basic conceptual descriptions. Theoretically, this paper proposes an alternative comparative framework to conceptualize and analyze differentiated policy implementation based on concept structural considerations. Empirically, existing case studies are compared in a meta-study by transferring their statements on explanatory conditions and outcomes into a parsimonious, procedural model. This approach enables a theory-guided, systematic comparison of qualitative case studies which has long been considered a desideratum in the implementation literature. The paper addresses the question under which conditions correct implementation (i.e. transposition and application) of EU directives occurs. Starting from a literature assessment, explanatory patterns are extracted and formalized as set-theoretic conditions connected to transposition and application as outcomes. The resulting concept structural model links the conceptual and explanatory levels of the underlying concepts. Using fuzzy set QCA, cases from environmental and social policy directives are assessed empirically based on case study data. The results largely confirm the expectation that only a conjunction of willingness- and ability-related conditions leads to correct implementation, particularly conjunctions of favourable attitudes and compatible institutional structures or capacities.

Servant and collaborative leadership in the performance of Peruvian tourism organizations: Mediation of social capital

Leadership plays a crucial role in the performance of organizations and is a fundamental element in the construction of capital. This paper aims to measure the relationship between servant and collaborative leadership with organizational performance and the mediating role of social capital in small companies in the Peruvian tourism sector. The methodology used the quantitative approach at an explanatory level. Data were obtained from 623 representatives of tourism organizations using a 19-item questionnaire; the hypotheses were tested using the SEM model through AMOS and SPSS. The results indicate that servant leadership is largely related to organizational performance (β = 0.566, p < 0.001) and explains 20.5% of this variable. Collaborative leadership has a moderate relationship with organizational performance (β = 0.454, p < 0.001) and explains 21.3%. No evidence demonstrated the relationship between servant leadership and social capital. Collaborative leadership has a low relationship with social capital (β = 0.163, p < 0.001) and explains only 2%. Social capital has a low relationship with organizational performance (β = 0.293, p < 0.001) and explains 10.8%. Furthermore, social capital fully mediates the relationship between servant leadership and organizational performance and partially mediates the relationship between collaborative leadership and organizational performance.

Analysis of determinants of elderly welfare in Karangasem District, Karangasem Regency, Bali

Increasing population mobility has resulted in many elderly individuals being left alone. This study aims to: 1) analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of income, health access, environmental conditions, and the perception of menama braya activities on the well-being of the elderly; 2) analyze the role of the perception of menama braya activities in moderating the influence of environmental conditions on the well-being of the elderly. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative explanatory level. The population in this study consists of residents aged 60 and above in the Karangasem District, totaling 100 individuals. The sampling technique was conducted using accidental sampling combined with snowball sampling, with data collection methods including observation, structured interviews, and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was performed using moderated regression analysis. The results of the study show that: 1) income, health access, environmental conditions, and the perception of menama braya activities simultaneously have a significant effect on the well-being of the elderly; 2) income, health access, environmental conditions, and the perception of equalizing activities partially have a significant positive effect on the well-being of the elderly; 3) the perception of equalizing activities moderates (weakens) the influence of environmental conditions on the well-being of the elderly.

Happiness in Organizations and its Effect on the Culture of Entrepreneurship in Students of a University, Lambayeque Region, 2022

The title of the thesis Happiness in organizations as a tool in the culture of entrepreneurship in students of the university, Lambayeque region, 2021, has obtained a main objective To determine the effect of Happiness affects in organizations in the culture of entrepreneurship in students of a university, Lambayeque region, 2021. Likewise, this study has been developed in a quantitative approach, of a descriptive - explanatory level and non-experimental design and to test the hypothesis of this study, a survey is conducted. Its population is made up of the students of the university of the Lambayeque region, being these 30 in total, therefore a census sampling is determined in which the population is equal to the sample. A data collection instrument called a questionnaire was applied to these students to measure happiness in organizations and the culture of entrepreneurship and to determine that they are reliable and valid. Similarly, the statistical system called SPSS Vs. 26 was used, which allowed a very detailed analysis of results. Therefore, it is concluded that the independent variable happiness in organizations affects the dependent variable entrepreneurship culture in the university, Lambayeque region, 2021, thanks to the correlation coefficient Rho Spearman = 0.876, independent variable and 0.953 for the dependent variable, which allows giving a strong incidence between both variables, in the same way a significance of less than p value 0.05 was obtained. Received: 23 July 2023 / Accepted: 23 June 2024 / Published: 02 July 2024

Neuromarketing y comportamiento en la decisión de compra del consumidor de una tienda online Asiri Munay, Lima – Perú

This study investigates the influence of neuromarketing on consumer buying decision behavior in online stores, focusing on the emotional, instinctive and rational dimensions. The methodology used was characterized by a quantitative approach, adopting a basic non-experimental design with an explanatory level. The data was collected through a form in Google Forms, obtaining a sample of 124 potential customers of Asiri Munay store. The results revealed a strong correlation between the aforementioned dimensions and buying decision behavior in online stores, highlighting the influence of strategies that include positive emotional experiences, attractive visual stimuli and presentation of logical and persuasive information. Specifically, it was found that consumers respond favorably to strategies that generate positive emotions, visual appeal, and compelling rational arguments when making purchasing decisions in digital environments. These findings suggest the importance of integrating neuromarketing into digital marketing strategies to improve customer experience and increase online conversions. In conclusion, this study highlights the need to adapt online marketing strategies to take advantage of the emotional, instinctive and rational dimensions of buying decision behavior, which can lead to greater commercial success in the digital environment. Additionally, it provides a solid foundation for implementing neuromarketing practices in e-commerce, which can be more effective and satisfying for online businesses.

Break-Even Point and its Impact on Profit Planning in Educational Institutions: A Study Conducted in Lima, Peru, 2022

The break-even point is a technique for analyzing the relationship between costs, volumes and profits in organizations, which allows their managers to know quickly and economically the minimum units or amounts that their companies must sell in order not to generate losses, thus allowing them to plan their profits. Due to the pandemic caused by the Sars-Cov-2 (COVID-19 virus), virtual teaching became popular, which served as an opportunity for many teachers to start teaching courses; with time, these entrepreneurs paid attention to the importance of the break-even point for making decisions related to the opening of new sections of existing courses, or the implementation of new study programs. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the break-even point in profit planning in educational institutions in Lima, 2022. The hypothesis was: the break-even point has an impact on profit planning in educational institutions in Lima, 2022. Through a quantitative approach study, applied type, explanatory level, non-experimental and cross-sectional design, data was collected from 91 entrepreneurs who carried out teaching activities on virtual platforms. The results obtained confirmed the influence of the break-even point calculation on profit planning in this context, modeling it with the following formula: profit planning=0.101+0.979 x break-even point. Received: 20 November 2023 / Accepted: 24 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

Potential Impact of Sustainable Business Practices: Brand Equity in Fast Food and Millennials’ Purchase Intentions

This study was carried out because we live in a world of constant change and high competition, where local fast-food brands in Chiclayo do not have an adequate position in the consumer’s mind compared to international franchises established in our town. The general objective was to determine the influence of brand equity on the purchase intention for local fast-food brands among Chiclayo millennials. The model proposed includes the constructs of brand equity in various category of food products. This document is intended to contribute to society and the scientific community by providing strategic support to brand owners who work with this approach and individual managers. A quantitative approach was used, with a basic type, explanatory level, and non-experimental cross-sectional design, using Cronbach’s alpha for reliability of the instrument and validity by expert judgment. Customers of local fast-food brands comprised the sample, with a total of 385 people surveyed independent of gender. SPSS v.27 and Microsoft Excel 2019 were used for simple random sampling. It was concluded that millennial consumers have regular brand equity and purchase intention for local fast-food brands, emphasizing that the knowledge dimension does not significantly influence purchase intention.

The Impact of Imperfect XAI on Human-AI Decision-Making

Explainability techniques are rapidly being developed to improve human-AI decision-making across various cooperative work settings. Consequently, previous research has evaluated how decision-makers collaborate with imperfect AI by investigating appropriate reliance and task performance with the aim of designing more human-centered computer-supported collaborative tools. Several human-centered explainable AI (XAI) techniques have been proposed in hopes of improving decision-makers' collaboration with AI; however, these techniques are grounded in findings from previous studies that primarily focus on the impact of incorrect AI advice. Few studies acknowledge the possibility of the explanations being incorrect even if the AI advice is correct. Thus, it is crucial to understand how imperfect XAI affects human-AI decision-making. In this work, we contribute a robust, mixed-methods user study with 136 participants to evaluate how incorrect explanations influence humans' decision-making behavior in a bird species identification task, taking into account their level of expertise and an explanation's level of assertiveness. Our findings reveal the influence of imperfect XAI and humans' level of expertise on their reliance on AI and human-AI team performance. We also discuss how explanations can deceive decision-makers during human-AI collaboration. Hence, we shed light on the impacts of imperfect XAI in the field of computer-supported cooperative work and provide guidelines for designers of human-AI collaboration systems.

Technical training and skilled labor in Civil Construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, The Cusco Convention 2022

The research addresses the problem of technical training and qualified labor in Civil Construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, La Convention Cusco 2022. The general objective is to analyze the influence of technical training on the quality of the workforce in this sector. Adopting a quantitative approach, explanatory level and a non-experimental design, the hypothetical deductive method was applied in a basic type study. The population consisted of 156 Civil Construction workers in Pichari, and the selected sample was 120 participants through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The results revealed a significant relationship between technical training and skilled labor, supporting the alternative hypothesis. Levels of technical training and skilled labor varied, with most workers located at middle and high levels. The alternative hypothesis, which maintains that Technical Training significantly influences Skilled Labor, was supported with a two-sided significance of 0.000, a Log Likelihood of 18.176, a Chi-Square of 34.923 and a Nagelkerke Pseudo Square of 0.292. In conclusion, the research highlights the importance of technical training to improve the quality of labor in civil construction

Guidelines for conducting quantitative systematic review studies

Research processes are built at different levels, from the exploratory or descriptive to the explanatory level. In the exploratory and descriptive scope, quantitative systematic review studies arise, which allow the identification of characteristics of a line of research through the analysis of previous publications. This article proposes a guide for the elaboration of this type of work, in which we propose important aspects such as the formulation of research questions, the search for information in scientific databases, the statistical analysis of data, the formulation of research questions, among other important topics. The work closes by highlighting the importance of quantitative systematic review research and its contribution to the identification and description of the elements that can encompass a line of research.

How students develop collaborative drawing to represent the transmission of sound: An analysis of explanatory scientific drawings with discourse maps

ABSTRACT Background To support collaborative drawing, it is essential to investigate how students make collaborative drawings and how these contribute to elaborating their ideas. This study examines how 5th and 6th grade students’ group drawings contributed to increased levels of explanations of their drawings about sound transmission. Methods We analyzed two cases of group drawing processes, that showed a large difference in the explanatory levels in their drawings, to find discourse patterns and visualized these patterns through discourse maps in relation to the progressions of drawing. Findings In the first case, the students successfully co-constructed sound transmission drawings following Demand-Give-Acknowledge patterns. The students continuously questioned how to visualize particles’ vibration, used multimodal resources to generate alternative drawings, and determined most scientific drawings. In the second case, the students did not reach consensus on how to visualize particles’ vibrations, following repetitive patterns of Give-Refute. While the teacher intervened and mediated student’s conflicting ideas, the students did not generate any alternative ideas. Contribution This study illustrates in close detail how the process of multimodal transactive discussion contributed to conceptual understanding during collaborative drawings. The discourse map may be instrumental to analyze students’ collaboration systematically and devise pedagogical approaches.

Technical training and skilled labor in Civil Construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, The Cusco Convention 2022

Introduction: the research addresses the problem of technical training and qualified labor in civil construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, La Convention Cusco 2022.Objective: Analyze the influence of technical training on the quality of the workforce in this sector.Method: adopting a quantitative approach, explanatory level and a non-experimental design, the hypothetical deductive method was applied in a basic type of study. The population consisted of 156 civil construction workers in Pichari, and the selected sample was 120 participants through non-probabilistic convenience sampling.Results: the results revealed a significant relationship between technical training and skilled labor, supporting the alternative hypothesis. Levels of technical training and skilled labor varied, with most workers located at middle and high levels. The alternative hypothesis, which maintains that technical training significantly influences skilled labor, was supported with a two-sided significance of 0,000, a Log Likelihood of 18,176, a Chi-Square of 34,923 and a Nagelkerke Pseudo Square of 0,292.Conclusions: in conclusion, the research highlights the importance of technical training to improve the quality of labor in civil construction

Group Coordination Catalyzes Individual and Cultural Intelligence.

A large program of research has aimed to ground large-scale cultural phenomena in processes taking place within individual minds. For example, investigating whether individual agents equipped with the right social learning strategies can enable cumulative cultural evolution given long enough time horizons. However, this approach often omits the critical group-level processes that mediate between individual agents and multi-generational societies. Here, we argue that interacting groups are a necessary and explanatory level of analysis, linking individual and collective intelligence through two characteristic feedback loops. In the first loop, more sophisticated individual-level social learning mechanisms based on Theory of Mind facilitate group-level complementarity, allowing distributed knowledge to be compositionally recombined in groups; these group-level innovations, in turn, ease the cognitive load on individuals. In the second loop, societal-level processes of cumulative culture provide groups with new cognitive technologies, including shared language and conceptual abstractions, which set in motion new group-level processes to further coordinate, recombine, and innovate. Taken together, these cycles establish group-level interaction as a dual engine of intelligence, catalyzing both individual cognition and cumulative culture.

Educational support in digital entrepreneurship for university students in business programs: A university governance study

Universities need to develop specific programs to promote digital entrepreneurship, therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors that explain students’ intentions regarding digital entrepreneurship and to have a detailed knowledge of whether and how the university promotes entrepreneurship through the campus and virtual events (Alvarez-Risco et al., 2021). The objective of the study was to determine the impact of educational support on the digital entrepreneurship of university students in business programs. The deductive method of an explanatory level was used, with a non-experimental design. As a result, it was obtained that curricular content support has a considerable positive influence (β = 4.550), extracurricular content support has a considerable positive influence (β = 2.388), technological support has a considerable positive influence (β = 3.553), governmental support of the country has no positive influence (β = 0.572), and digital entrepreneurship competencies have a very considerable positive influence (β = 40.050). In conclusion, the impact of educational support on digital entrepreneurship of university students of business programs is given by efficient curricular and extracurricular programs, with effective information and communication technology (ICT) support.

Impacto del Grammaring en el desarrollo de la Competencia Comunicativa Intercultural en el Programa de Idioma Inglés del COAR-Ucayali

The process of acquiring English language proficiency by non-native individuals requires the application of effective teaching methods. In this study, the impact of grammar instruction on the development of intercultural communication skills in students of Coar Ucayali was evaluated. Through a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental design with application orientation and explanatory level, data were obtained from a non-random selection of 25 students in the experimental group, who participated in correction and feedback sessions for grammatical errors, in contrast to another 25 students in the control group who did not receive this instruction. The B1 Preliminary (Pet For School) exam from the University of Cambridge was used to measure intercultural communication skills. The results indicate that there are important differences between the experimental group and the control group, which suggests that the focus on grammar contributes to the improvement of Intercultural Communicative Competence.

The well-being of teachers favored by emotions, integral human development and the organizational climate

This research seeks to integrate and structure in order of relevance the main elements of emotional development, integral human development, and the organizational climate that favor the well-being of preschool, primary, and secondary education teachers in the state of Zacatecas. The population was made up of all the basic education teaching staff, a total of 17,695 -sector heads, supervisors, Pedagogical Technical Advisors, managers, deputy principals and group teachers -, the instrument was applied from a Google form and 5,593 were received. answers. Factorial analysis was carried out with the principal component extraction method, obtaining a total of 20 components that explain 60.68% of the phenomenon, taking into account the first 8 factors that yield a level of explanation of 50.31% of teacher well-being. The main results highlight and confirm that teacher well-being is related to: 1. Emotional development in the aspects of: self-efficacy 0.74, emotional knowledge 0.72, emotional awareness 0.69 and positive emotions 0.68; 2. Integral human development in the aspects of: building social wellbeing 0.77, social responsibility 0.76, suitable habitat 0.76, common decisions 0.75 and physical exercise 0.74; 3. The organizational climate in the aspects of: camaraderie 0.72, school organization 0.68, trust in the director 0.67 and cooperation 0.65.