Practical Exploration Research Articles

An Analytical Study of the Concepts of ʿĀmm (Generalization) and Khāṣ (Specification): Their Characteristics and Implications for Qur'anic Exegesis in Nigeria

The noble Qur’an is a book of universal guidance for all people, at all times and places, until the Day of Judgement. The purpose of revealing the Qur’an is to show people the correct path in their relationship with their Creator and with one another. Allah (S.W.T.) revealed this noble book to His beloved Prophet Muhammad (SAW) to explain and exemplify its contents for the Ummah to follow. Among the Prophet’s practical explanations are the concepts of generalization (ʿĀmm) and specification (Khāṣ) regarding certain rules. Therefore, this paper attempts to illustrate examples of generalization and specification in the verses of the Glorious Qur’an and their implications for Qur’anic exegesis. Content analysis was used to generate the examples. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding these two concepts for scholars of tafsir. Conclusion and recommendations are provided.

Research on the configuration of factors influencing safety citizenship behavior of construction workers based on fsQCA

ABSTRACT Objectives. How to promote the safety citizenship behavior (SCB) of construction workers has been studied in academic circles. However, most current research methods focus on the ‘net effect' between the independent variable and SCB. Methods and Results. Based on the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method and from the perspective of ‘configuration’, this article proposes that the emergence of SCB not only depends on a single condition, but also depends on the interaction of safety leadership behavior (SLB), organizational safety climate (OSC), organizational safety support (OSS), safety attitude (SA), safety motivation (SM), safety risk perception (SRP) and psychological belonging (PB). Conclusion. The research shows that the emergence of construction workers’ SCB can be realized through different combinations of variables, and both ‘external environment-driven' and ‘interpersonal relationship-driven' paths can promote the generation of SCB. This research provides a more systematic and practical explanation for how to promote the generation of SCB of construction workers, expand the research scope of safety management and play a positive role in reducing the incidence of safety accidents in the construction industry.

Explaining machine learning practice: findings from an engaged science and technology studies project

ABSTRACT The widespread use of machine learning (ML) models for decision-making raises critical concerns about transparency and accountability – to which an increasingly popular solution is ‘Explainable AI’ (XAI). Here, the object of explanation is technically complex models which are difficult or even impossible to explain. In contrast, this paper makes a call to de-centre models as the object of explanation and look towards the network of ‘machine learning practice’ that bring models into being, and use. We explore this term through an ethnographic study, conducted in collaboration with a large financial services company. Drawing on recent STS research, we ask: what would an explanation look like from a position that recognises the emergent and relational nature of machine learning practice, and how might this contribute to greater accountability and responsibility for ML in use? Inspired by the engaged programme in STS, we explore if and how approaching explanation through ML practice can be mobilised to intervene in how explanations are done in organisations. Our empirical analysis shows an ‘ecology’ of multiple, situated and intra-acting explanations for machine learning practice across a range of human and non-human actors in the company. We argue that while XAI is inevitably partial and limited, its value lies in establishing explanations as an imperative in contexts where ML is implicated in decision-making. Overall, our research suggests a need to widen and deepen the search for explanations and explore the opportunities for provisional, relational and collective interrogations over what can (and can’t) be explained about ML practice.

“An obedient wife never says “no” to her virtual god.” High fertility conceptions and barriers to contraceptive use among mothers of Southern Pakistan: a qualitative study

IssueBiomedical approaches want to change locals’ behaviors without understanding the sociocultural rationales and contextualizing the cultural and structural backdrop of women’s agency.ObjectivesThis study explored the perceptions and practices of rural mothers about fertility and reproductive health and further examine the lack of preference for contraception and birth spacing in Southern Pakistan.MethodologyUsing purposive sampling we recruited 15 healthcare providers and 20 mothers from Southern Punjab. Key informants and in-depth interviews were used for data collection. We extracted themes and sub themes to analyse qualitative data.FindingsFive major themes identified preventing birth spacing and contraceptive use: (1) cultural barriers (2) economic difficulties and demographic factors; (3) gender-related hurdles; (4) spiritual and religious obstacles, and (5) medico-ethical complications. Nearly, ten sub-themes contributing to these major themes were: custom of girls’ early marriages, in-laws’ permission for contraception, women’s concern for medical complications and preference for safer methods, misuse of contraceptive methods by the medical community, mothers’ perception of contraception as sinful act and controlling birth is against faith, economic and rural-ethnic factors for high fertility, masculine disapproval of condom use, and wishing to give birth to male children.SuggestionsWe advocate for understanding the sociocultural explanations for low contraceptive use and urge practice of more natural methods of birth spacing over commercial solutions. The study suggests socio-economic development of less developed communities and empowerment of poor, illiterate, and rural women along with behavior change communication strategies.

The Study of Technical-Tactical and Physical Parameters of Modern Volleyball Through Specific Models in the Defense Element

The topic that I have prepared has as its object the influence of the physical-technical and functional parameters on the technical-tactical ones of defense in modern volleyball. In this study, I have tried to have as an objection, the theoretical developments and the practical explanations in the preparation process of volleyball players. On this basis, the premise and possibility for the effective construction of a training methodology through which it is possible to improve the physical parameters have been created. technical and functional and uninterrupted mobility in defense. It was for this reason that I undertook this work which will shed light on the problems of organizing the training process to increase these indicators of preparation through tests in the specific conditions of the volleyball game. The aim of the study is to improve the physical-technical and functional indicators through tests, specific recommended exercises during the training process with the women's teams. New, which will undoubtedly affect the tactical activity of the game in attack and defense. On this basis, the opportunity for a contemporary training methodology has been created. To undertake this study, we selected a contingent of 32 volleyball players aged 19-23 years, where 16 volleyball players were treated as an experimental group and the other 16 as a control group relatively in a period of 12 months. Received: 2 June 2024 / Accepted: 25 July 2024 / Published: 29 July 2024

Conditional advancement of machine learning algorithm via fuzzy neural network

Improving overall performance is the ultimate goal of any machine learning (ML) algorithm. While it is a trivial task to explore multiple individual validation measurements, evaluating and monitoring overall performance can be complicated due to the highly nonlinear nature of the functions describing the relationships among different validation metrics, such as the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and Jaccard Index (JI). Therefore, it is naturally desirable to have a reliable validation algorithm or model that can integrate all existing validation metrics into a single value. This consolidated metric would enable straightforward assessment of an ML algorithm’s performance and identify areas for improvement. To deal with such a complex nonlinear problem, this study suggests a novel parameterized model named Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), which takes any set of input–output precise-imprecise data and uses a neuro-adaptive learning strategy to tune the parameters of the pre-defined membership functions. Our method can be accepted as an elegant and the state-of-the-art method for the nonlinear function approximation, which could be added directly to any convolutional neural networks (CNN) loss functions as the regularization term to generate a constrained-CNN-FUZZY model optimization. To demonstrate the ability of the purposed method and provide a practical explanation of the capability of ANFIS, we use deep CNN as a testing platform to consider the fact that one of the biggest challenges CNN-developers faced today is to reduce the mismatching between the provided input data and the predicted results monitored by different validation metrics. We first create a toy dataset using MNIST and investigate the properties of the proposed model. We then use a medical dataset to demonstrate our method’s efficacy on brain lesion segmentation. In both datasets, our method shows reliable validation results to guide researchers towards choosing performance metrics in a problem-aware manner, especially when the results of different validation metrics are too similar among models to determine the best one.

Kedudukan Upaya Administratif dalam Dismissal Process dan Konstruksi Ideal Pemeriksaan Syarat Formal Gugatan

This article analyzes administrative effort in the relation of Article 62 Law 5/1986 with Article 75 Law 30/2014 and Article 2 Supreme Court Regulation 6/ 2018. The purposes are: 1) To analyze the position and urgency taken by administrative effort in the dismissal process examination by the chairman; and 2) To formulate the ideal formula for examining the formal requirements of the administrative lawsuit before being examined by the panel of judges. This article aims to provide a practical explanation of these norms. It is a normative juridical type with a statute, a conceptual, and a caseapproach. The results are: 1) Administrative effort is a formal requirement in filing a lawsuit related to competence, so the chairman can determine that the lawsuit is not accepted; 2) The dismissal process and the preparatory examination by analogy has similarities, therefore these examinations can be combined with the condition that in filing a lawsuit, the plaintiff is required to attach evidence of having taken administrative effort. It recommends that executive/legislature make regulations related to the procedural law for examining administrative effort, and for the supreme court to review the norms and practices of the dismissal process and the preparatory examination in relation to formal requirements for filing a lawsuit.

Conceptualizing Sustainable Business Models Aligning with Corporate Responsibility

Our research is dedicated to developing sustainable business models (SBMs). In this study, we review numerous empirical articles, reviews, and papers on SBMs, including 17,412 SCIE articles and 17,237 SSCI papers, published between 2009 and 2023. Our research provides guidance on how to achieve and maintain sustainability. We identify the most effective practices for conceptualizing an SBM. Our citations of over 130 articles highlight the importance of integrating corporate actions and consequences across the environmental, societal, and economic spheres, while also considering stakeholder engagement and long-term perspectives. We also emphasize the need to move beyond the traditional dichotomous treatment of SBMs and reflect more contemporary practices. To provide a more practical explanation, we use fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to predict the future evolution of SBMs from a corporate responsibility perspective, drawing on the lessons of the China phenomenon. This approach clarifies how the theoretical and practical elements obtained from the literature correspond with the new SBMs.

Healing with Sound – Osteoarthritis

This paper presents osteoarthritis from a medical and holistic perspective. An explanation of the ancient practice of healing with sound illustrates the positive impact on the anatomical structure of the Human Energy Field (HEF).

Applying Carspecken’s critical ethnography method to uncover the culture of health disparity in intensive care units

Background & Aim: Carspecken’s critical ethnography method has gained prominence in nursing research, necessitating a fresh perspective on its practicality and advantages. This study aims to provide a unique viewpoint on using critical ethnography as a foundational methodology to uncover health disparity culture in intensive care units.
 Methods & Materials: While emphasizing its review design with original examples, this perspective piece provides a practical explanation of Carspecken’s five-stage critical ethnography approach. Grounded in the ontological and epistemological paradigm, this essay examines critical ethnography as a crucial approach to illuminating the discursive culture surrounding health disparities. Also, this study presents original instances of monological and dialogical data, reconstructive analysis, and findings from a study that was carried out to provide more perspective on implementation. It also mentions how it relates the findings to social factors and sociopolitical theories.
 Results: The study reveals nuanced insights into the practicality and advantages of Carspecken’s method, shedding light on social processes contributing to health disparities in intensive care units. This method allowed us to identify how external powers extend to the intensive care unit, revealing a concealed culture that disrupts service provision balance. It exposed individual, organizational, and systemic roots contributing to disparities. Additionally, it highlighted how individual diversities can lead to disparity.
 Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of Carspecken’s critical ethnography in nursing studies within the critical theory tradition. It is argued that Carspecken’s approach to critical ethnography is particularly instrumental in elucidating the social structures contributing to health disparities.

Genealogy and Implementation of Green Finance in Asia and Indonesia

Green finance continues to be developed in the ways with the international community’s agreed-realized sustainable development program. Therefore, through this article, we aim to trace genealogy and implementation of green finance in Asia, especially Indonesia, focused on: (a) providing a conceptual and practical explanation of green finance in Asia and Indonesia; (b) describing mechanisms and challenges faced by Asia and Indonesia in implementing green finance programs; and (c) examining strategic policies in Asia and Indonesia to enhance the involvement of institutional investors and private investments in green projects. The research method used in this study is library research. Through library research, relevant references were searched, studied, analyzed, and reflected upon as research findings. The literature sources include textbooks, journals, and other sources related to green finance. The research findings indicate that: (a) The signing of the Paris Agreement in 2015 impacted 196 countries legally bound and committed to including green development as a strategic policy of their respective countries; (b) The lack of clear mechanisms to realize green finance programs is a major challenge for countries in Asia and Indonesia; (c) To date, there are still few countries with binding policies for involving investors in green projects.
 Keywords: sustainable development, green finance, green investment

Construct It! The Great Mini-Golf Project

This fun project capitalizes on students’ lived experiences of playing miniature golf. Through authentic engagement and collaboration with peers, students can create their own visual representations and practical explanations of math concepts.

Rola nauczyciela wiedzy o społeczeństwie w obecnej edukacji szkolnej w Polsce

The subject Civics (Social Knowledge) in outgoing school year 2023/2024 was replaced subject History and Present in standard level in Polish middle schools system. The role of Social Knowledge was reduced to higher level only. The decision of Polish Ministry of Education in school year 2021/2022 brings important implications in area of didactics, but also provides the consequences in culture, philosophy of school and ethics of teachers. The article first discusses the issue of modernity as a key concept for understanding the diagnosis of teaching Social Studies. Then the author tries to describe the teacher as a guide in postmodernity, however it refers to the philosophical concept of Hans-Georg Gadamer “historian as translator”. The author points out that when teaching Social Studies, it is important for the teacher to apply Pyrrho’s principle of epoche, i.e. suspension of one’s own views. Only in this way can the school become a place of dialogue. Knowledge about society appears to be an essential element of young people’s understanding of modern times based on the complexity of the world. The article describes this matter from point of view of philosophy and theory of didactics. The role of Civics (Social Knowledge) was brought to be important in building the civil society. Article shows the discussion and indicates some practical explanations.

The Neurocognitive Foundations of Prayer: A Critical Analysis

In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the interest taken by experimental researchers in issues that have traditionally belonged to the sphere of interest of the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of cognition, and even the theology of spirituality. The availability of new research methods, as well as the increase in the knowledge of the world, has opened another door to the reality in which we live. By studying the functioning of the human brain in specific laboratory conditions, scientists are looking for the answers to questions that have been troubling us for centuries: what consciousness is, how do we recognize intentions, and what are spiritual experiences? This article deals with the topic of prayer as a specific religious experience in the context of neurocognitive research. In the 20th and 21st centuries, the frequency of such studies has increased significantly; for example, through the experiments of Nina Azari, Mario Beauregard, and Andrew B. Newberg. Selected experiments in the field of the neuroscience of spirituality and their results are discussed. Important philosophical questions about how we define prayer and other spiritual experiences in the context of the above research, the interdisciplinary nature of the research, as well as emerging problems and implications, e.g., the risk of reducing these phenomena to their biological base, the explanations of religious practices and experiences in cognitive science of religion have also been raised.

Pneumatoagic significance of ceon (ze,on) in the Byzantine Tradition

In this article we make analyzes of dogmatic and liturgical aspect of adding "zeon" (warm water) to the cup before breaking the Lamb. We present historical development of the rite of adding warm water, theological and liturgical aspect and also the difference between Byzantine and Armenian liturgies rite. Our attention will not escape the historical course of the resolutions of the Armenian Church regarding the lack of warm water (zeon) in armenian Liturgy. The article will provide an explanation of the dogmatic, liturgical and practical explanation of the Zamoi Synod, the resolutions of the Synods of the UGCC regarding the addition of warm water in the Holy Liturgy.

Environmental Theology and Its Relevance to Islamic Law: Perception of Makassar Muslim Scholars, Indonesia

This article discusses environmental theology with Islamic law from the perspective of scholars and scholars in Makassar City, South Sulawesi. The research uses qualitative methods with a theological approach and Islamic law as an analytical tool. Theology is used to analyze Islamic concepts of the environment as opposed to Islamic law. In obtaining the data, researchers interviewed religious figures who became role models for the people of Makassar, in addition to using literature study techniques. The results showed that Makassarese Muslim scholars are well aware that environmental theology is an alternative solution to overcome the environmental crisis. They believe that the two main sources of Islam, the Quran and Hadith, pay great attention to the protection and maintenance of the environment. Similarly, Prophet Muhammad PBUH is the best example among leaders who care deeply about the environment. Furthermore, this study also concludes that first, environmental theology is a theology that not only discusses man's relationship with God but also discusses man's relationship with social, cultural, environmental, and social reality. Environmental theology focuses on the extent of human concern for nature and the environment. Second, the foundation of environmental theology can be traced from two main sources of Islam, namely the Qur'an, and Hadith. The Qur'an pays great attention to the protection and preservation of the environment. Likewise, Prophet Muhammad PBUH, in his various traditions also emphasized the importance of protecting and maintaining the environment. Third, environmental theology is closely related to Islamic law specifically ecological fiqh, which focuses on practical explanations of how to protect the environment. If environmental theology is oriented towards philosophical foundations in environmental conservation, then Islamic law requires the importance of protecting the environment as a benefit for humans and nature.

Edukasi Pencegahan Cidera Bahu Terhadap Atlet Rugby di PRUI Boyolali

Exercise is a form of planned and structured physical activity that involves repetitive body movements and is aimed at improving physical fitness. Seeing the game of rugby sport is vulnerable to injury if it is not paid attention to the correct warm-up. Rugby poses a high risk of injury. This activity will be held on June 10, 2023 in the field of Winong Hamlet, Boyolali District, Boyolaali Boyolali Regency, Central Java using leaflet media and direct practical explanations. The result obtained from this rugby community activity is that athletes can add insight into the knowledge of handling acute injuries to the shoulder using the PEACE method which is proven by the results of the evaluation value carried out. The conclusion is that the use of poster media and direct practical explanations has a very good impact in increasing the knowledge of rugby athletes about handling acute injuries.

REMIT – Market manipulation decisions in Spain and Italy involving coordination of matching orders and wash trades; numerous decisions announced in Romania and Bulgaria

John Ratliff and his colleagues summarize and comment on recent detailed Spanish and Italian Energy Regulator decisions on market manipulation through giving false or misleading signals (coordination on matched orders, including iceberg bids, and wash trades). The cases include explanations of such practices, the related evidence relied on by the authorities to show the infringements of Article 5 of REMIT, and the defence arguments raised, including ne bis in idem. He also summarizes (with the assistance of Monica Iancu and her colleagues in Bondoc & Asociatii) a press release from the Romanian Energy Regulator, noting the many decisions it had taken between 2019 and 2022, mainly on wash trades, with some on layering and pre-arranged transactions. Some 20 market participants have been sanctioned for infringements on the wholesale electricity market; and four market participants have been sanctioned for infringements on the wholesale natural gas market. Finally, he notes two recent press releases from the Bulgarian Energy Regulator concerning market manipulation cases, one including layering and spoofing, in which seven companies were sanctioned.

Pemberdayaan Lingkungan Masyarakat Melalui Sosialisasi Hidroponik System Wick (sumbu) Di Desa Tanjung Simandolak, Kecamatan Benai, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau

The socialization of hydroponics to the village community is an effort to develop the independence and welfare of the community by improving knowledge, attitudes, skills, Hydroponics is a cultivati Wick hydroponics is a simple hydroponic method that uses a wick as a link between nutrients and the roots of the growing media. This activity was carried out in Tanjung Simandolak Village, Benai District, Kuantan Singingi, Riau. This activity began with a theoretical and practical explanation with pakcoy mustard plants as an example, the practice carried out starting from seed sowing, wick system, transplanting and continued with a discussion session. The results of this activity are that the Tanjung Simandolak village community knows hydroponics in general, wick system hydroponics, plant maintenance, handing over hydroponics to the This activity adds to the knowledge and insight of the Tanjung Simandolak village community about hydroponics and can spread and teach the knowledge.

Pemberdayaan Lingkungan Masyarakat Melalui Sosialisasi Hidroponik System Wick (Sumbu) Di Desa Gading Permai Kec. Kampar Kiri Hilir, Kab. Kampar, Riau

The socialization of hydroponics to the village community is an effort to develop the independence and welfare of the community by improving knowledge, attitudes, skills, Hydroponics is a cultivati Wick hydroponics is a simple hydroponic method that uses a wick as a link between nutrients and the roots of the growing media. This activity was carried out in Gading Permai Village, Kampar Kiri Hilir District, Kampar, Riau. This activity began with a theoretical and practical explanation with pakcoy mustard plants as an example, the practice carried out starting from seed sowing, wick system hydroponic installation, transplanting and continued with a discussion session. The results of this activity are that the Gading Permai village community knows hydroponics in general, wick system hydroponics, hydroponic plant maintenance, handing over hydroponics to the Gading Permai village community so that they can continue to care for and continue hydroponic cultivation. This activity adds to the knowledge and insight of the Gading Permai village community about hydroponics and can spread and teach the knowledge that has been given to fellow communities.