Expert System For Assistance Research Articles

The Design Model of English Graded Teaching Assistant Expert System Based on Improved B/S Three-Tier Structure System

With the continuous development of Internet technology, the modern education system is becoming increasingly intelligent. The integration of information technology with the traditional curriculum can unlock the potential of modern education, which is essentially a change from the traditional teacher-centered classroom teaching structure. The disadvantage of the traditional education system is that it is difficult to teach students according to their abilities because of the differences in English language standards caused by differences in their knowledge and learning potential. Although tiered teaching is one way of addressing this difference, it can have a negative impact in some ways, and implicit tiered teaching is a great solution to this problem. In addition, artificial intelligence is a science that studies the laws of human intelligence. The application of artificial intelligence technology to develop an expert system for teaching English can effectively solve the issues of insufficient teachers and a single teaching mode in the current education system. This will enable the sharing of teaching resources to effectively improve teaching quality, reduce the burden on teachers, and strengthen student’ ability to learn on their own. This paper introduces the principles of artificial intelligence and the B/S three-tier structure system, analyses the current problems faced by English teaching, and proposes a solution for the implementation of a university English teaching aid system based on the B/S three-tier structure system. This system is based on the teacher English language teaching assistant expert system module, which uses a combination of generative and framework-based knowledge representations of the domain knowledge of English language experts to better enable teachers to understand their students’ mastery of knowledge points. The results of this research show that the system can be used to help teachers understand students’ learning through reasoning and analysis, and to improve students’ interest, learning strategies and learning abilities in English.

Battery-Involved Energy Management for Hybrid Electric Bus Based on Expert-Assistance Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm

Energy management is an enabling technique to guarantee the reliability and economy of hybrid electric systems. This paper proposes a novel machine learning-based energy management strategy for a hybrid electric bus (HEB), with an emphasized consciousness of both thermal safety and degradation of the onboard lithium-ion battery (LIB) system. Firstly, the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is combined with an expert-assistance system, for the first time, to enhance the “cold start” performance and optimize the power allocation of HEB. Secondly, in the framework of the proposed algorithm, the penalties to over-temperature and LIB degradation are embedded to improve the management quality in terms of the thermal safety enforcement and overall driving cost reduction. The proposed strategy is tested under different road missions to validate its superiority over state-of-the-art techniques in terms of training efficiency and optimization performance.

Developing a Framework to Improve the Training of Medical Practitioners in Doctor-Patient Communication Toward Enhancing Societal Well Being

Introduction: Doctor-patient communication is a crucial, unique yet complex relationship in clinical practice due to its therapeutic qualities. With the current emphasis on patient-centred care and patient autonomy, medical practitioners are not only expected to possess clinical and biomedical knowledge but also the skills to develop a therapeutic doctor-patient relationship. Nevertheless, this expectation proves to be an uphill battle to physicians as evidenced from patient complaints which among others include lack of appropriate non-verbal behaviours, absence of paralinguistic elements, lack of trust and empathy. Moreover, unsatisfactory doctorpatient communication has been identified as one of the major elements in litigation cases in the medical field. One fundamental factor which leads to this predicament is the ineffective training of communication skills at the medical schools. Hence, this project aspires to develop a training model on doctor-patient communication skills based on patient-centred approach. The model will give more emphasis on the linguistics and psychosocial aspects of communication. Materials and method: Utilising both qualitative and quantitative approaches i.e. survey, observation, interview, psychological profiling, persona analysis and document analysis, the project aims to identify 1) the key communicative features and 2) the key clinical and psychosocial features to be incorporated in the model. It will then operationalise these features to conceptualise an expert assistance system which shall be used in the training of future physicians. The study will be conducted at the IIUM Kulliyyah of Medicine and it will involve medical students at the undergraduate level. Conclusion: The findings from this proposed research are significant in improvising and enhancing the current training on communication skills provided at the medical schools. With a more ‘humane’ approach to training, indirectly, it will increase the effectiveness in the delivery of health care and achieve sustainability in good health and well-being (SDG3) of the nation.

The Expert Assistant System of Medical Litigation

의료소송에서 가장 문제로 되는 것이 환자가 의료행위에 대한 전문적 지식의 부족으로 인하여 유효한 소송권리의 행사와 의료기관에 대한 실질적 대항을 할 수 없다는데 있다. 이러한 점에서 보면 법관도 의료지식에 관하여 비전문가이기 때문에 전문적 문제에 대하여는 속수무책일 것이다. 우리는 법관의 전능형 인재를 기대할 수 없고, 단지 그들의 재능은 제한적이기 때문에 이와 관현한 전문지식인의 DB를 마련하여 소송에 참여하게 함으로써 원활한 소송이 가능하게 하는 최상의 선택이 될 것이다. 이러한 정책실현의 일환으로 2013년 발효된 중국 《민사소송법(民事&#35785;&#35772;法)》 제79조에서 입법적으로 전문가 보조인제도를 정식으로 확립하였고, 2015년 발효된 최고인민법원 《<민사소송법>의 적용에 관한 해석(&#20851;于适用＜&#20851;于中&#21326;人民共和&#22269;民事&#35785;&#35772;法＞的解&#37322;)》 제 122조와 제 123조의 두 조항에서 전문가 보조인제도를 자세히 규정하고 있다. 하지만 오늘날 중국은 전문가 보조인제도의 제도에 대한 입법은 여전히 원칙성 규정으로 머물러 있어 사법실무에서 당사자와 법원이 이 제도를 어떻게 활용할 것인지에 대해 많은 문제가 발생한다. 그러므로 전문가 보조인의 자격인정, 적용범위, 법정절차, 소송지위의 네 가지 측면에서 중국 의료소송에서의 전문가 보조인제도에 대하여 완비함하여 사법상의 어려움을 해결함으로써 실무에서의 요구를 만족시킬 수 있을 것이다. 자격인정 면에 있어 전체적으로 비교적 광범위한 정책을 하여야 하며, 적용범위면에 있어서는 전문가 보조인제도가 법정심리 전 증거개시와 쟁점정리절차, 감정절차 및 개정 전 조해절차에서 광범위하게 적용되어 법정심리절차에 한정되어서는 안된다. 또한 법정절차 면에 있어, 먼저, 전문가 보조인이 의료소송에 참여하는 것을 불허하는 것을 제한하여야 하며, 둘째, 전문가 보조인이 법정출석에서 구두진술을 하는 것 이외에 전문적 문제에 대하여 서면으로 추측의견을 제시하는 것에 대하여도 규정하여야 한다. 소송지위 면에서는 전문가 보조인의 소송지위는 소송참가인(intervener)로서 이에 상당하는 권리의무를 부담하여야 한다. 在&#21307;&#30103;&#35785;&#35772;中一&#20010;突出的&#38382;&#39064;是, 患方&#24403;事人因&#20026;缺乏&#19987;&#19994;知&#35782;, 无法通&#36807;有效地行使&#35785;&#35772;&#26435;利&#19982;&#21307;方&#24403;事人&#36827;行&#23454;&#36136;性的&#23545;抗。不&#20165;如此, 同&#26679;身&#20026;外行人的法官在面&#23545;&#19987;&#19994;&#38382;&#39064;&#26102;也束手无策。&#23545;此, 我&#20204;不能期待也不&#24212;期待&#23457;判法官是全能型人才, &#35753;具&#22791;相&#20851;&#19987;&#19994;知&#35782;的人&#21442;&#19982;到&#35785;&#35772;活&#21160;中&#26469;, 才符合&#35785;&#35772;&#32463;&#27982;原&#21017;。据此, 2013年生效的《中&#21326;人民共和&#22269;民事&#35785;&#35772;法》第79&#26465;在立法&#23618;面正式&#30830;立&#19987;家&#36741;助人制度, &#24182;在2015年生效的《最高人民法院&#20851;于适用＜&#20851;于中&#21326;人民共和&#22269;民事&#35785;&#35772;法＞的解&#37322;》中用第122&#26465;、第123&#26465;&#20004;&#20010;&#26465;款&#23545;&#19987;家&#36741;助人制度&#36827;一步的&#35268;定。但不得不承&#35748;, 目前中&#22269;&#23545;&#19987;家&#36741;助人制度的立法仍停留在原&#21017;性&#35268;定的&#23618;面, 在司法&#23454;&#36341;中, &#24403;事人及法院&#23545;&#35813;制度如何操作&#20135;生了&#35768;多疑&#38382;。因此, 我&#20204;&#24212;&#24403;&#20174;&#19987;家&#36741;助人的&#36164;格&#35748;定、适用范&#22260;、出庭程序、&#35785;&#35772;地位四&#20010;方面&#23545;中&#22269;&#21307;&#30103;&#35785;&#35772;中的&#19987;家&#36741;助人制度&#36827;行完善, 以求解&#20915;司法困境, 适&#24212;&#23454;&#36341;的要求。在&#36164;格&#35748;定方面, 整&#20307;上&#24212;&#24403;采取&#36739;&#20026;&#23485;松的政策；在适用范&#22260;方面, &#24212;&#24403;&#23558;&#19987;家&#36741;助人制度&#25193;大适用于庭&#23457;前的&#35777;据&#24320;示及&#20105;点整理程序、&#37492;定程序以及庭前&#35843;解程序, 而不局限于庭&#23457;程序；在出庭程序方面, 首先&#24212;限制法院不批准&#19987;家&#36741;助人&#21442;&#19982;&#21307;&#30103;&#35785;&#35772;的情形, 其次&#35268;定&#19987;家&#36741;助人除出庭作出口&#22836;&#38472;述之外, &#36824;可以就&#19987;&#19994;&#38382;&#39064;出具&#20070;面推理意&#35265;。在&#35785;&#35772;地位方面, 明&#30830;&#19987;家&#36741;助人的&#3578A prominent problem in medical litigation is that the patient party cannot substantively confront the medical party by the effective exercise of litigation rights because of lack of professional knowledge. Not only that, but judges who are laymen also are helpless when faced with professional problems. In this regard, we cannot expect and should not expect trial judges to be all-around talents. To give full scope to the talents and turn material resources to good account, it is the best choice meeting the economic principle that people with relevant professional knowledge participate in litigation. Accordingly, article 79 of Civil Procedure Law of the People s Republic of China, which entered into force in 2015, formally established expert assistant system at the legislative level and article 122 and article 123 of the Supreme People s Court on the Interpretation of the Civil Procedure Law of the People s Republic of China, which came into force in 2015, do further provisions. However, we have to admit that at present Chinese legislation on the expert assistant system remains at the level of principle. In the judicial practice, parties and courts have raised many questions about how to operate the system. Therefore, we should improve the expert assistant system of Chinese medical litigation from four aspects: the qualification, the scope of application, the procedure of appearing in court and the position of litigation, in order to solve the judicial predicament and meet the requirements of practice. In terms of qualification, the overall policy should be looser; In the case of the scope of application, the expert assistant system should be expanded to apply for pre-trial evidence discovery and dispute arrangement procedures, identification procedure and pre-trial mediation procedure, not limited to trial procedure; In respect of procedure pf appearing in court, law should first restrict the cases that the court does not approve the expert assistant to participate in the medical litigation, and then stipulate that the expert assistant may issue written reasoning opinions on the professional problems besides oral statements in court; As for the position of litigation, the litigation status of expert assistant is defined as litigant participant, and the corresponding rights and obligations should be undertaken.

Perspectives of a Farmer Digital Expert Assistant System

Perspectives of a Farmer Digital Expert Assistant System

Perspectives of a Farmer Digital Expert Assistant System

Global positioning system (GPS) based farmer digital expert assistant systems (FDEAS) are capable of analyzing the agricultural field and environmental factors associated with the field. The agricultural yield to be harvested, depends on the liquidity content of the soil, the mineral content of the soil, the geographical position of the field, the microbial content of the soil and the temperature of the environment. Other parameters include irrigation, spraying of chemicals, animals or intruders getting into the field, etc. Such a system monitors all these parameters and provides the appropriate values and suggestions to the farmers. Several factors are monitored using different set of sensors. The location, specified by the GPS, can be compared to existing databases of soil maps and thus provide the nature and type of crop to be cultivated with all specifications to obtain maximum yield at that location. Cameras may be employed to continuously monitor the field and initiate alerts. All sensor outputs and systems can be integrated with a GSM modem which sends alert messages as SMS or recorded audio alerts when required. Such a system would ensure real time monitoring and should provide expert assistance for attaining maximum efficiency. It would act as a holistic system for analyzing, monitoring, alerting and assisting farmers at different stages of farming.

The Role of Forensic Examination at Trials in China

Expertise gains increasing acceptance and importance at trials in China. Currently, the forensic examination quality management system of China has been preliminarily established. There are problems, however, for example, laws and regulations related with forensic examination are not comprehensive, forensic institutes pursue their own economic profits excessively and judges sometime have undue blind faith in scientific evidence in fact-finding. These are hindering forensic examination from being put into full play duly. In 2005, the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the Administration of Forensic Examination strengthened the neutrality of forensic institutes. The Criminal Procedure Law and the Civil Procedure Law revised in 2012 initially set up the expert assistant system, which is expected to break the excessively credulous but unjustified belief in scientific evidence and solve pertinent problems. We need to focus on the following aspects: First and foremost developing a unified set of rules on forensic examination; secondly, judges need to strengthen their own ability to review scientific evidence and determine its reliability; thirdly, we should actively promote fundamental legal education reform to remedy the insufficiency of legal understanding of forensic science; and finally, the existing expert assistant system must be further improved to help judges and litigants effectively to identify and use expertise.

A scalable and integrative system for pathway bioinformatics and systems biology.

Progress in systems biology depends on developing scalable informatics tools to predictively model, visualize, and flexibly store information about complex biological systems. Scalability of these tools, as well as their ability to integrate within larger frameworks of evolving tools, is critical to address the multi-scale and size complexity of biological systems. Using current software technology, such as self-generation of database and object code from UML schemas, facilitates rapid updating of a scalable expert assistance system for modeling biological pathways. Distribution of key components along with connectivity to external data sources and analysis tools is achieved via a web service interface. All sigmoid modeling software components and supplementary information are available through: http://www.igb.uci.edu/servers/sb.html.

Sigmoid: A Software Infrastructure for Pathway Bioinformatics and Systems Biology

Biological systems encompass everything from immune and nervous systems to ecosystems. Systems biology, however, focuses primarily on unraveling molecular systems at the level of pathways and groups of pathways in a cell and its neighboring cells. Here we address the challenge of creating an expert assistance system for modeling biological pathways, using current software technology to decrease development costs and complexity. Our goal is to provide computational support to biologists and computational scientists who need to create and explore predictive dynamical models of complex biological systems such as metabolic, gene-regulation, or signal-transduction pathways in living cells.

Model-based diagnosis for automotive repair

The Integrated Diagnostic Expert Assistant system, used in 1,500 Fiat/Lancia/Alfa Romeo repair centers throughout Italy, helps diagnose faults in a variety of automotive electronic subsystems. The authors describe their experience in developing this system and compare the development of knowledge bases for a model-based system and a heuristic one.

An electric control center operator's assistant expert system

This paper presents two expert systems designed to serve as a control center operator's assistant. The first is designed to assist operators in solving overload problems and the second is to assist in solving voltage problems. Both systems use the distribution factor concept to create indices for the decision-making process. A new improved technique to obtain the distribution factors is presented. That technique circumvents part of the problems introduced by the linearization implicit in the use of distribution factors and makes them suitable to be used to solve voltage problems. A 634-bus model of an actual electrical system and its interconnections is used so that the results can be realistically compared with the action that would be taken in the control center. Results are reached in a manner consistent with the operation of the control center and in a time frame that makes these expert systems feasible for real-time applications.

Local area network diagniostic assistant expert system

Local area network diagniostic assistant expert system

The expert assistance system

The Network Access Machine, developed at the National Bureau of Standards, is directed towards the objective of people-oriented systems. I will begin by providing some background information concerning what stimulated our work, highlight very briefly some of the capabilities of the Network Access Machine, and then review the current extension to this Network Access Machine which in effect reflects our continuing interest in people-oriented systems.