Experiences Of Harassment Research Articles

Unacceptable Behaviors Towards Health Professional Clinical Students: Protocol For a Mixed-Methods Study.

Previous studies describe the occurrence of unacceptable behaviors reported by students pursuing health professional education in Aotearoa, New Zealand and across the globe. These include, but are not limited to, experiences of verbal abuse, sexual harassment, and discrimination based on race/ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, and sexual orientation. University of Otago teaching staff across the various health professional programs often receive anecdotal reports of these phenomena from their clinical students. Our study will investigate the extent and sources of unacceptable behaviors, whether students report those events, and possible institutional responses to these behaviors. A student codesign panel was formed alongside the research team to guide study design and data collection. This study will use a sequential two-phase mixed methods design. The first phase will include a cross-sectional survey using a modified version of a validated online questionnaire administered to all clinical students across the seven health professional programs at the University of Otago. The second phase will recruit students to participate in semi-structured interviews. Descriptive and thematic analysis will be applied. This novel mixed-method study may offer valuable insights into the prevalence and impact of unacceptable behaviors on health professional students at the University of Otago, while ensuring student perspectives are incorporated into both the research design and the university's response strategies.

“If This Is What Working in Sports Is, I Want Absolutely No Part of It”: Women’s Experiences With Sexual Harassment in Sport Organizations

There is a plethora of recent examples from the sport industry that situate sport organizations as contributing to sexual violence against women (e.g., Phoenix Suns, Nike). Though research has shown that these issues exist in sport, little work has focused on the impacts of gender-based violence and sexual harassment. Therefore, utilizing gender regimes as our conceptual framework, we explored how experiences of gender-based violence and sexual harassment within sport organizations work to perpetuate the gender inequality in sport workplaces. Findings illustrate the influence of a multilevel relationship to the gender-based violence and sexual harassment experienced by women is impacted by the presence of gender regimes and use of containment strategies to conceal this abuse. Thus, we argue that institutional-level failures to protect women represent organizational success, which reinforces gender regimes and the purposeful containment of these incidents maintains the gender/power hierarchy.

Harassment of interns, medical interns and residents: consequences and complaints

Abstract Introduction Workplace harassment manifests in various forms for healthcare students, potentially leading to modifications in their lives and academic activities. Objectives To describe the type of harassment experienced by interns, medical interns, and residents, and its consequences. Methods A cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted, including medical interns, social service interns, and residents from Veracruz who reported experiencing harassment in their assigned areas during their last academic year. Direct and virtual invitations were sent through various electronic means. Results 58 students were included, with 39 (67.2%) being women. 50% reported experiencing psychological abuse, and 65.5% reported experiencing sexual harassment. The most severe sexual harassment incidents included sexual assault with physical force (1.7%) and three instances of non-consensual sexual relations (5.2%), while the most common were sexual jokes/comments (72.4%). Following harassment experiences, 25% of participants reported feeling anxious, 22% stressed, and 17% angry. Students who perceived psychological abuse reported anger (69%), stress (58.6%), and anxiety (58.6%) as the most frequent consequences, while those reporting sexual abuse indicated anger (73.7%), shame (68.4%), and anxiety as primary consequences. The most frequently identified harassers were attending physicians (56.9%), senior students (34.5%), and non-medical personnel (34.5%). Students filed complaints with hospital authorities (6.9%), university authorities (6.9%), and external agencies (5.2%). The individual who experienced sexual assault with physical force did not file any complaint, while only one person reported non-consensual sexual relations to hospital authorities. Conclusions It is crucial to establish safe spaces for students within the hospital environment to promote their overall well-being and academic success, as well as to encourage a culture of reporting. Key messages • Highlighting the need for intervention within the work teams where our students are placed, promoting a violence-free environment. • Annexing a therapist as part of the work team could favor the well-being of students, since mental health is one of the main points affected within a violent environment.

“Why Won’t You Let Me Hit On You?”: Sexual Harassment in Fieldwork as Data

The aim of the article is to introduce and demonstrate a research strategy which incorporates experiences of sexual harassment in the field into analysis. Violence in the field, while discussed more frequently after #MeToo, is still often referred to in separate descriptions, usually articles with the function of breaking the taboo, cautioning and giving advice. In the article a different approach is proposed, namely, regarding difficult encounters in the field as data, providing important information about the field of research. Three situations of sexual harassment by male research participants are analyzed. First, as their strategies to gain control and power in interview situations. It is possible because gender hierarchies prevail in the research set up. Second, as indicators in a broader context: the organizational culture of an institution, of the interviewee’s life situation and strategies, and of the power dynamics of a couple.

The directors of resident support program: a program evaluation of a resident well-being and support innovation

BackgroundMedical training can be a challenging time for residents both professionally and personally. Resident support programs must be able to address a range of potential experiences, be accessible and easy to navigate, and consider the unique context of residency. Rigorous evaluation of resident support programs is needed to determine whether these programs are meeting these goals.MethodsThe Directors of Resident Support (DRS) program, launched in January 2021 at the Cumming School of Medicine at the University of Calgary, is a near-peer support model consisting of three faculty physicians, trained in peer support, who receive contacts from residents needing support for any issue. DRS physicians provide empathetic listening, referral to existing resources, and peer support for residents. A multisource evaluation of the DRS program, including field notes, data collection forms, and surveys, was guided by the Donabedian framework.ResultsThere were 62 total contacts in the 2-year evaluation period which required a median 2 h to address (range 5 min to more than 40 h). The most common topic for contact was to discuss feedback or evaluation (n = 10, 24.4%) and the most common response was listening and support (n = 29, 70.7%). Residents also contacted DRS to discuss experiences of racism, physical assault, sexual harassment, and mental health crises. Residents (n = 13) rated a median score of 74 out of possible 100 for usefulness (interquartile range [IQR] 1-100, with higher scores suggesting greater usefulness). Free text survey responses suggested that residents felt validated by contact with the program though some residents felt that additional follow-up would have been helpful.ConclusionThe DRS program has been well-utilized by residents for a variety of issues. Postgraduate Medical Education offices seeking to create resident support programs may anticipate that about 3% of residents may use a similar program per year and that the typical interaction would last 2 h, with a wide range. Feedback suggested that similar programs should have a formal process for follow-up with residents to ensure their concern was addressed and that resident supporters should have diverse lived experiences.

Workplace-Sexual-Harassment Victimization and Employee Wellbeing Among LGBTQ+ and Non-LGBTQ+ Employees.

Workplace sexual harassment represents a critical risk to contemporary organizations, with evidence indicating that its prevalence is increasing. Research has consistently demonstrated that workplace-sexual-harassment victimization exerts negative impacts on employees' health and wellbeing. However, no empirical studies have examined how these impacts vary by lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ+) status. In this study, we leverage a unique survey dataset (2022 Australian Workplace Equality Index Employee Survey, n = 44,943) and random-intercept, multilevel regression models to estimate the relationships between workplace-sexual-harassment victimization and employee wellbeing. Expanding on earlier studies, we consider how these relationships vary between LGBTQ+ and other employees, across domains of employee wellbeing, and with the timing of sexual harassment. Our results reveal large, negative, and statistically significant impacts of sexual harassment on employee wellbeing. The impacts are comparatively larger for LGBTQ+ employees and recent harassment experiences, and manifest across all domains of employee wellbeing. These findings underscore the urgent need for holistic programs to combat workplace sexual harassment, and the importance of connecting these programs with diversity and inclusion initiatives.

Mobility challenges for women: A case study of bus rapid transit Peshawar

In Pakistan, women face significant barriers to urban mobility. This is due to limited access to safe, affordable, and sustainable public transportation, exacerbated by socio-cultural norms and experiences of harassment. Addressing these challenges is crucial for promoting gender equality and unlocking women's potential for growth. This research inspects women's mobility experiences and challenges and proposes potential improvements for bus rapid transit (BRT) Peshawar. Interviews were conducted for data collection, and statistical tools and methods were employed to analyze the results. The most common modes of travel to and from the BRT stations were walk (39%&45%) followed by Taxi/Rickshaw (32%each) and car/bike(15%&9%), respectively. Most users accessed the BRT system within a 3km radius (55%) and typically traveled during the daytime (56% from 6-10 am and 51%from 2-6 pm). The main challenges identified, mainly for the younger users, were harassment faced at stations (66%for 18-30 years and 52%for 31-45 years of age groups, respectively) while on the buses with 54%for <18 years and 56%for 18-30 years of age groups, respectively, with a visual type of harassment in major. The study highlights women's unique mobility challenges with Peshawar BRT. Addressing these issues can boost their education and economic prospects, as a major study sample was comprised of lower-income employees (80% having an income less than 40,000PKR*) and middle-aged students (48%). The findings provide valuable insights for BRT Peshawar and future BRT projects in developing countries. Despite separate seats, challenges persist during peak hours due to the absence of partitions between male and female sections within buses and other BRT amenities.

The Consequences of bullying on the Child and on the Rights of Personality

The bullying of children, a form of repeated and intentional aggression, has significant consequences on the rights of personality. Through exposure to physical, verbal, or social harassment, victims become vulnerable with negative effects on their mental and emotional health. By attacking their emotional and psychological integrity, children may develop anxiety, depression, and even post-traumatic stress disorders. Bullying violates this fundamental right to dignity through the humiliation and contempt towards victims. The constant experience of harassment and aggression can diminish the sense of self-respect and lead to a feeling of dehumanisation and degradation. Children who are victims of bullying may feel that their dignity is being violated and that they are not being given the respect and recognition they deserve. Furthermore, bullying can have consequences on the right to one’s image. These effects can be lasting and may influence how victims perceive themselves in the future. Children may develop a distorted image of themselves, viewing themselves negatively or doubting their own qualities and abilities. In conclusion, bullying not only affects the rights of personality but can also have profound consequences on their long-term emotional and social development. It is essential to pay attention to these aspects and take measures to protect children’s rights to a safe, respectful and dignified childhood. Keywords: Aggresson; Bullying; Children; The rights of personality; Victim.

Demand for “Safe Space”: Avoiding harassment and complying with norms

We crowdsource information on ≈22,000 train rides undertaken by 363 women commuters in Rio de Janeiro to study sexual harassment in the public space and its effects on demand for a women-reserved space. Women traveling in the public space experience harassment on average once a week; randomly tasking them to ride in the reserved space reduces harassment by 50%. A revealed preference exercise shows that demand for the reserved space is heterogeneous, with top-tercile users making up 80% of the demand. These users experience half of the harassment in our sample. Data on commuters’ attitudes and use of the reserved space show perceptions of norms around the reserved space may limit women’s agency. Over half of men and women commuters associate women in the public space with more sexual openness and women who perceive this attitude to be the prevailing norm are 79% more likely to report using the reserved space.

Views On Marriage and Love Following Sexual Harassment Experiences: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

Objectives: The current research aimed to explore the mechanism behind sexual harassment experiences and views on marriage and love (ML) among Chinese college students. Methods: 424 college students were recruited to complete the questionnaires about sexual harassment experiences (SH), subjective social status (SES), sexual knowledge (SK), and their views on ML. Results: The results of the moderated mediation model showed a negative association between SH and views on ML, explained through the mediating effect of SK. The negative moderating effect of SES between SH and SK was also found. Conclusion: The findings provide implications for supporting college students who have experienced SH in navigating their future romantic relationships, with the consideration of varied SES backgrounds.

Depression, Anxiety, and Coping Strategies Among Farmworkers Exposed to Substance Use at Work

ABSTRACT Objective Migrant farmworkers are at an increased risk of experiencing high levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and problematic substance use. Farmworker behavioral health is a predominant concern for agricultural health and safety efforts. While substance use has been found to be a visible part of the work environment among farming populations, there is scarce information about how farmworkers who are exposed to substance use at work are impacted. Methods This exploratory assessment investigated the association between substance use exposure at work and migrant farmworkers’ (N = 58) symptoms of depression, anxiety, and coping strategies used. Univariate, bivariate, and regression analyses were conducted to examine data from a survey administered to migrant farmworkers in Southern California’s Riverside and Imperial Valley counties. Results Exposure to substance use at work was significantly associated with farmworkers reporting more severe symptoms of anxiety (p = .018). We also found that anxiety among farmworkers was significantly related to their experiences of sexual harassment (p = .026), being called names or insulted (p = .05), feeling unsafe (p = .005), having an increased work burden (p = .001), and caring for a colleague (p = .001). Furthermore, as exposure to substance use at work increased, farmworkers reported more severe symptoms of depression (F (1,45) = 7.90, p = .007) and anxiety (F (1,45) = 16.743, p = .001). To cope, the farmworkers in our sample reported using emotion-focused coping strategies most often. Conclusions Substance use exposure at work can affect migrant farmworker health and safety. Addressing and supporting the behavioral health of the entire farming community is warranted.

Affect, gendered embodiment and sexual harassment

Sexual harassment is an affective, embodied and relational issue with distinctly gendered consequences for those who experience it. Despite a vast literature illuminating the gendered dynamics of sexual harassment, detailed analyses of the affective dimensions of such dynamics are scarce. This article analyses young women’s and nonbinary people’s experiences of sexual harassment from the perspective of affective embodiment. The analysis draws on Sara Ahmed’s theorisation on embodied hurts, orientations and emotions to trace relational, embodied and affective processes of gendering linked with sexual harassment. The analysis identifies two harassment-related embodied processes: embodied regulation and embodied resistance. Whereas embodied regulation takes the form of feminisation – a process that renders bodies vulnerable – embodied resistance includes a variety of orientations labelled here as preparedness, defeminisation and embodied critique. Thus, the analysis suggests that bodies may respond to sexual harassment in varied ways, and even though harassment contributes to the constant shaping of bodies, it does not determine them.

Disclaimers for the Non-Reporting of Sexual Harassment within the Swedish Police

This article analyses reasons for not reporting sexual harassment within the Swedish police. The empirical data consisting of interviews, participant observation, testimonies from the police #MeToo call, and internal police investigations is analysed through tracing ‘disclaimers’, a form of discursive devices aligning actions to restore meaning. The article identifies 20 disclaimers that represent distinct reasons for not reporting sexual harassment perpetrated by colleagues and supervisors. These disclaimers shed light on police cultural norms and what we label as ‘male network acceptance’, that together with organisational factors influence the un/willingness to report experiences of sexual harassment. The findings show that sexual harassment is renegotiated when perpetrated by colleagues, and that both the harassed and bystanders doubt that reporting will lead to positive impacts. There is therefore a need to develop and implement alternative ways of handling sexual harassment that enable a shift from individual guilt, and re-frame sexual harassment as an issue of collegial concern.

Global meta-analysis of physicians' experiences of workplace sexual harassment by patients.

The World Health Organization recognises that sexual harassment is an occupational hazard in medicine, but the prevalence of sexual harassment by patients is unknown. This global meta-analysis found that a pooled prevalence of 45.13% of 18 803 physicians from several specialities (e.g. internal medicine and surgery) have ever experienced it. Hospitals should implement protective measures such as panic alarms for night shifts and isolated wards.

Media discourse analysis of sexual harassment in the airline, hotel and spa sectors

ABSTRACT Numerous people are employed in tourism and hospitality worldwide, but sexual harassment (SH) is a common problem that management fails to address. Informed by framing theory, this study examines how SH is portrayed in media coverage of tourism and hospitality workplaces, exploring frames used to shape public perceptions and societal dialogues. We conducted a computer-assisted thematic analysis of articles published around and after the #MeToo movement, which gained widespread attention in 2017, empowering survivors to share experiences of sexual harassment and assault. We used multiple tools to examine reported SH incidents within the airline, hotel and spa sectors. Our results reveal a deep and broad under-reporting of incidents and a need for more management awareness and proactive strategies to improve the situation. Although some efforts have been made, SH remains a problem in our social construct of patriarchal dominance, as evidenced by the normalisation of coercive control and persistent sexualization of tourism and hospitality workers in media discourses. As such, our analysis has the following implications: regulators must establish clear boundaries, managers need to acknowledge that SH is an issue and further research in specific areas is needed to ascertain the depth and range of SH within the tourism industry.

P020 GENDER AND CARDIOLOGY: EVALUATION OF DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT AND LABOR INEQUALITY IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Introduction: Gender disparity has been a topic of increasing interest and controversy in recent years. In the United States, women represent only 12.6% of cardiologists, a figure that reflects persistent inequalities in this specialty and often leads women to dismiss it as a viable career option. In addition, salary disparity remains an obvious problem, with a trend that tends to favor the male sex. On the other hand, in Japan, female cardiologists face professional limitations due to family and domestic responsibilities that restrict their development and advancement in the profession. Objective: To analyze and understand the perceptions and experiences of discrimination, harassment and work obstacles among cardiologists in the Dominican Republic, with a focus on gender differences. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a sample was randomly selected from the directory of the Dominican Society of Cardiology. An online questionnaire was used to collect demographic and work-related information, as well as data on experiences of discrimination, harassment and professional obstacles. Results: A sample of 51 patients was obtained, with an average age of 47.8 years, of whom 56.9% were women. Thirty-six.4% of women reported experiencing discrimination, compared with 13.8% of men. In terms of employment barriers, 62.1% of men reported obstacles related to remuneration, despite having higher monthly earnings compared to women. Of the latter, 50.0% also faced difficulties in this aspect. With respect to work-life balance barriers, 40.9% of women and 13.8% of men reported them. Conclusion: The perception of disparities among cardiologists reveals a trend where men face barriers in economic development, while women struggle to find a work-life balance. This highlights the urgency of implementing proactive strategies to promote gender equality in cardiology and ensure an inclusive and equitable professional environment.

Jordanian nursing students’ experience of harassment in clinical care settings

IntroductionNursing students experienced various types of bullying and abuse in their practice areas. This study aims to assess the incidence, nature, and types of bullying and harassment experienced by Jordanian nursing students in clinical areas.MethodologyA cross-sectional, descriptive design was used, utilizing a self-report questionnaire. A convenient sampling technique was used to approach nursing students who are in their 3rd or 4th year in governmental and private universities.ResultsOf 162 (70%) students who reported harassment, more than 80% of them were females and single. Almost 40% of them reported that males were the gender of the perpetrator. Almost 26.5% of them reported that patient’s relatives or friends were the sources of harassment. Psychological/verbal harassment was the most reported type of harassment (79%). Findings showed that there was a statistically significant difference in psychological/verbal harassment based on gender and type of the university. Also, there were significant negative correlations between psychological/verbal harassment, professional achievement, and personal life.ConclusionHarassment in the clinical area is affecting the professional and personal lives of students, who lack the knowledge of policy to report this harassment.

Sexual Harassment and Binge Eating Among Chinese Female Undergraduates: A Mediation Model of Self-Objectification and Self-Control.

Sexual harassment is a serious health issue prevalent on campuses worldwide, with significant implications for individuals' well-being. Past research has highlighted the close association between sexual harassment and eating disorders, yet little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating roles of self-objectification and self-control in linking sexual harassment to binge eating, drawing upon objectification theory and self-control resource theory. A sample of 801 Chinese female undergraduates, with a mean age of 19.60 years (SD = 1.42), participated in the study by completing questionnaires on sexual harassment experience, self-objectification, self-control, and binge eating. The results indicated that sexual harassment experience exhibited a significant positive correlation with binge eating and self-objectification, while showing a negative correlation with self-control. And an increased frequency of sexual harassment experiences and self-objectification were associated with lower levels of self-control. Furthermore, mediation analyses utilizing Hayes' PROCESS macro (2013) for SPSS (Model 6) demonstrated that both self-objectification and self-control independently and sequentially mediated the relationship between sexual harassment and young women's binge eating. In other words, young women who had experienced sexual harassment were more likely to exhibit increased self-objectification, leading to decreased self-control and ultimately culminating in binge eating behaviors. This study provides valuable insights into how sexual harassment affects young women's binge eating by elucidating the mediating roles of self-objectification and self-control, thus enhancing our understanding of developing strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of experiencing sexual harassment.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Police Contact in Canada.

A growing body of research has demonstrated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a risk factor for criminal justice system contact. However, much of this research is limited by (1) being conducted in the United States and (2) a lack of details on specific types of harmful experiences of criminal justice system contact, such as police contact characterized by intrusion or harassment. Using survey data from 940 individuals aged 16 to 30 in Canada from the Canadian Study of Adolescent Health Behaviors, this study investigates the relationship between ACEs and police contact, focusing on encounters involving intrusion or harassment. Results from logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses reveal that individuals with high ACE exposure, particularly those with four or more ACEs, are more likely to have police contact, including experiences of intrusion and harassment. The results are significant in understanding the interplay between childhood trauma and later encounters with the criminal justice system, emphasizing the need for trauma-informed approaches in policing and healthcare. The study highlights the importance of early interventions to mitigate the effects of ACEs and prevent adverse outcomes in police interactions.

A method to assess bullying and harassment as an upstream determinant of construction worker mental health.

Bullying and harassment in the workplace are increasingly recognized as hazardous exposures associated with poor mental health and suicidality. The construction sector has one of the highest rates of suicide among all occupations and is actively engaged in efforts to destigmatize mental health support. However, there has been less focus on reducing factors that may be contributing to poor well-being among construction workers. As a step toward addressing work-related determinants of mental health in construction, we collaborated with a large construction union to survey members about their experiences of abusive conduct. We adapted standardized questionnaires to better suit the sector, such as by assessing "hazing that went too far" and apprenticeship status. Additionally, we included questions on reporting of abuse, concern about the impacts of abuse, and an open-response to allow participants to share their perspectives. We developed and tested a carefully-tailored survey of abusive conduct. The responses to the survey (over 3300, including 500 narrative responses) will facilitate data-driven interventions with the potential to prevent and address abuse. This paper describes the survey development process in collaboration with the union, domains of abuse that are relevant to the construction context, and the survey protocol. Through a collaborative effort, we developed an instrument to understand abusive conduct in construction and benchmark success in reducing adverse experiences of bullying and harassment. We recommend its use throughout the sector to reduce exposure to this well-being hazard.