Experienced Workplace Violence Research Articles

Do inexperienced nurses in the lactation period experience workplace violence? A qualitative study.

Among clinical healthcare personnel, nurses face the highest proportion of workplace violence, which has a significant impact on their physical and mental well-being as well as their personal and professional lives. However, little is known about the effects of workplace violence on inexperienced breastfeeding nurses and their experiences during and after breastfeeding when they return to work. This study aimed to explore the experiences of inexperienced breastfeeding nurses who encountered workplace violence and its resulting impacts. This study employed a descriptive qualitative design. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 nurses working in various positions and departments at three tertiary hospitals. Purposive and maximum variation sampling techniques were employed. The interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method, and the research findings were reported according to Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ)standards. Inferences regarding workplace violence and risks for inexperienced breastfeeding nurses included physical labor (such as lifting heavy objects and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation), conflicts, inadequate job skills, role confusion, occupational exposure risks, patient violence, and pressure from older adults. An inductive thematic investigation revealed the "Challenges faced during breastfeeding," "Conflicting professional and family roles," "Out of balance," and "Coping strategies." Inexperienced breastfeeding nurses experience several negative consequences due to workplace violence. Therefore, it is essential to plan and implement preventive strategies and management programs that specifically target workplace violence among inexperienced breastfeeding nurses.

How Do Child Protective Service (CPS) Policies Keep Employees Safe: ACaseworker’s Perspective

Child Protective Service (CPS) workers experience workplace violence at the hands of their clients. Some of these incidents have led to severe injuries and fatalities. Legislation has been created to maintain workplace safety of employees in service- related fields; however, these policies have not extended into specific laws for CPS workers. Using grounded theory, this qualitative study examined the effectiveness of safety measures from the perspective of current and former CPS workers. A total of 10 former and current CPS workers were interviewed individually. This study found that workers believe increased legislation, funding, and training are needed to increase the safety of CPS workers as they investigate alleged child abuse and neglect cases. Legislative-related responses included police protections, armed self-defense, and a mandatory buddy system policy. Funding-related responses included hazardous duty pay, resources for families, employing more staff, and mental health services for CPS workers. Training-related responses included increased training for police officers and CPS workers.

Workplace violence and depressive symptoms: the mediating role of fear of future workplace violence and burnout among Chinese nurses

BackgroundThe mechanisms underlying the relationship between workplace violence (WPV) and depressive symptoms in nurses have been less studied. This study aims to examine the mediating role of fear of future workplace violence (FFWV) and burnout in the association between WPV and depressive symptoms.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional web survey at 12 tertiary hospitals in Shandong province, China, in 2020. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the Fear of Future Violence at Work Scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and ordinary least squares regression with bootstrap resampling were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms was 45.9% among nurses. The regression model showed that FFWV and burnout mediated the relationship between WPV and depressive symptoms. The total effects of WPV on depressive symptoms (3.109, 95% bootstrap CI:2.324 − 3.713) could be decomposed into direct (2.250, 95% bootstrap CI:1.583 − 2.917) and indirect effects (0.769, 95% bootstrap CI:0.543 − 1.012). Indirect effects mediated by FFWV and burnout were 0.203 (95% bootstrap CI:0.090 − 0.348) and 0.443 (95% bootstrap CI:0.262 − 0.642), respectively. Furthermore, serial multiple mediation analyses indicated that the indirect effect mediated by FFWV and burnout in a sequential manner was 0.123 (95% bootstrap CI:0.070 − 0.189).ConclusionThe prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses was high. The WPV was an important risk factor for depressive symptoms and its negative effect was mediated by FFWV and burnout. The importance of decreasing WPV exposure and level of FFWV and burnout was emphasized to prevent depressive symptoms among nurses. The findings implied that hospital managers and health policy makers should not only develop targeted interventions to reduce exposure to WPV in daily work among all nurses, but also provide psychological support to nurses with WPV experience to reduce FFWV and burnout.

Analysis and evaluation of peer group support for doctors in postgraduate training following workplace violence and aggression.

Workplace violence and aggression toward healthcare staff has a significant impact on the individual, causing self-blame, isolation and burnout. Timely and appropriate support can mitigate harm, but there is little research into how this should be delivered. We conducted multi-speciality peer groups for London doctors in postgraduate training (DPT), held over a 6-week period. Pre- and post-group burnout questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to evaluate peer support. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistical methods were used to describe the data. We found four themes: (a) the experience and impact of workplace violence and aggression on DPT, (b) the experience of support following incidents of workplace violence and aggression, (c) the impact and experience of the peer groups and (d) future improvements to support. DPTs showed a reduction in burnout scores. Peer groups are effective support for DPT following workplace violence and aggression. Embedding support within postgraduate training programmes would improve access and availability.

Mental health symptoms and associated factors among primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among healthcare workers has been widely reported during the initial and ongoing phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, little remains known about the mental health status of primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1, 2023, and May 31, 2023 in Anhui China. A total of 13,530 primary healthcare workers were recruited. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify potential factors associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety among primary healthcare workers. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among primary healthcare workers was 50.7 and 26.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression revealed that female gender (OR = 1.345, 95%CI = 1.222-1.479), being divorced or widowed (OR = 1.432, 95%CI = 1.128-1.817), being a nurse (OR = 1.250, 95%CI = 1.126-1.388), and working more than 8 h per day (OR = 1.710, 95%CI = 1.583-1.846) were significantly associated with depression. A higher risk of anxiety among primary healthcare workers was associated with female gender (OR = 1.338, 95%CI = 1.198-1.494), being divorced or widowed (OR = 1.373, 95%CI = 1.056-1.770), being a nurse (OR = 1.139, 95%CI = 1.013-1.282), and working more than 8 h per day (OR = 1.638, 95%CI = 1.497-1.794). Better monthly income, more than 21 years of working experience and without experience of workplace violence were protective factors against depression and anxiety during the post-pandemic era. Depressive symptoms are more common among primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era. Female gender, being divorced or widowed, being a nurse, working years, working seniority, monthly income, and experience of workplace violence were identified as associated factors. Targeted intervention is needed when developing strategies to reduce depression and improve primary healthcare workers' wellness and mental health.

Workplace violence, work-related exhaustion, and workplace cognitive failure among nurses: A cross-sectional study.

To examine the relationships between nurses' exposure to workplace violence and self-reports of workplace cognitive failure. A cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was administered in April 2023 to nurses in Michigan, US. Structural equation modelling was used to examine effects of physical and non-physical workplace violence (occupational stressors) and work efficiency and competence development (occupational protective factors) on workplace cognitive failure. Physical violence was a significant predictor of the action subscale of cognitive failure. There were no direct effects of non-physical violence, workplace efficiency, or competence development on any of the workplace cognitive failure dimensions. Both types of violence and efficiency had significant indirect effects on workplace cognitive failure via work-related exhaustion. Work-related exhaustion predicted significantly higher scores for workplace cognitive failure. Workplace violence and work efficiency exhibited primarily indirect effects on workplace cognitive failure among nurses via work-related exhaustion. Nurses experiencing workplace violence may be at increased risk for workplace cognitive failure, especially if they are also experiencing work-related exhaustion. Workplaces that nurses perceive as more efficient can help to mitigate the effects of violence on nurses' cognitive failure. This study addressed the possible effects of workplace violence as well as work efficiency and competence development on nurses' cognitive failure at work. Analyses revealed primarily indirect effects of workplace violence, and indirect protective effects of work efficiency, on nurses' cognitive failure via work-related exhaustion. This research has implications for healthcare organizations and suggests that efforts made by healthcare workplaces to prevent violence and work-related exhaustion, and to enhance work efficiency, may help to mitigate workplace cognitive failure among nurses. We have followed the STROBE checklist in reporting this study. No Patient or public contribution.

Interventions to prevent or manage workplace violence against student nurses during clinical placement: a systematic review protocol.

The objective of this review is to investigate the effectiveness of workplace violence management or prevention interventions, including strategies, protocols, and policies, to address violence against, and provide support to, registered nursing students (RNS) following incidents of violence during clinical placement. Workplace violence is a global issue that affects victims' physical and mental health. RNS are especially vulnerable to workplace violence because of their limited work experience and confidence. These students often feel shocked and unprepared when experiencing workplace violence due to limited education and support provided by educational institutions or clinical sites. Workplace violence can lead to anxiety, decreased confidence, and professional attrition. There is a need to systematically synthesize the evidence on workplace violence management and prevention to support nursing students during clinical placement. The review will consider studies assessing the effectiveness of interventions to address workplace violence or improve support for RNS. Studies that report on educational interventions or pre-clinical placement strategies and measure the preparedness of students will also be considered. Study designs will be limited to quantitative methods that evaluate intervention effectiveness. Databases to be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central, ERIC (ProQuest), ProQuest Central, ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Two independent reviewers will screen, review, appraise, and extract data from eligible articles. For data synthesis, studies will be pooled using JBI SUMARI. The GRADE approach for grading the certainty of evidence will be followed and a Summary of Findings will be created. PROSPERO CRD42022377318.

The prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth among nurses based on the PTGI: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The urgency and risk of clinical nursing may cause nurses to experience traumatic stress, but it may also lead to posttraumatic growth. However, no study has comprehensively analyzed the prevalence of posttraumatic growth among nurses using a unified outcome measure and a validated assessment tool. This study aims to systematically assess the prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth among nurses based on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Ten databases, including The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Springerlink, Embase, Chinese Biomedical (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and VIP databases, were searched as of December 31, 2022. The prevalence of posttraumatic growth was pooled using Stata 17.0 software. The PRISMA guideline was used to report the systematic review and meta-analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022365620. A total of 30 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, consisting of 14,022 nurses worldwide from four countries. In our study, the pooled mean score of posttraumatic growth among nurses was 66.34 (95% CI: 61.25-71.43). From 2015 to 2022, nurses' posttraumatic growth levels gradually increased. In addition, Turkey nurses have the lowest posttraumatic growth levelnurses who experienced workplace violence have a lower posttraumatic growth level compared with other nurses; while nurses aged over 30 and male have higher posttraumatic growth levels. While several studies on the prevalence of posttraumatic growth among nurses have been published, the reported data are quite different. Our systematic review and meta-analysis found that nurses' posttraumatic growth level was "moderate," and nurses' posttraumatic growth may vary based on publication year, country, traumatic event, age, and gender. Our findings may provide a theoretical basis for hospital administrators and policy makers to scientifically manage human resources, comprehensively evaluate nurses' mental health, and promote nurses' posttraumatic growth in different traumatic events, which is conducive to the formulation and implementation of relevant policy guidelines.

Australian nursing students' experiences of workplace violence during clinical placement: A cross-sectional study.

To identify the nature, degree and contributing factors of workplace violence (WPV) incidents experienced by Australian nursing students during clinical placement. Descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 13 September to 25 November 2022. Eligible participants included all nursing students enrolled in nursing degrees at any Australian university who had completed at least one clinical placement. An adapted version of the WPV in the Health Sector Country Case Study survey was used. A total of 381 nursing students across eight states of Australia completed the survey. More than half of the students had experienced an episode of WPV; patients were the most frequent perpetrators. Personal factors of patients, staff and students, organizational factors and cultural norms within the workplace supported acts of WPV. Student nurses (SNs) most often experience violence from patients during direct care. Patient encounters are the core component of clinical placement. Education providers have a responsibility to effectively prepare students to be able to identify escalating situations and manage potentially violent situations. Registered nurses who supervise students during clinical placement require support to balance their clinical role with student supervision. Experiencing WPV can negatively impact relationships between students, healthcare professionals and care recipients. This results in personal distress, decreased job satisfaction and potentially the decision to leave the nursing profession. What already is known: SNs are exposed to WPV during clinical placement. More than half the SNs in this study experienced violence inclusive of physical, verbal, racial and sexual harassment. Patients were the predominant perpetrators. Implications for practice/policy: Interventions at individual and systemic levels are required to mitigate WPV. This study is reported using the STROBE guidelines.

The Impact of Resilience on Workplace Violence Experienced by Mental Health Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background. Violence at work against healthcare professionals is a frequent and pervasive problem. There are growing data that indicate nurses are especially susceptible to experiencing violent acts at work. Resilience helps strengthen nursing competency in the proper management of stressful circumstances, like being exposed to workplace violence. Aim. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of resilience on workplace violence among mental health nurses. Method. A cross-sectional research design was used to conduct this study with a convenience sample of 361 nurses recruited from a governmental psychiatric hospital in Saudi Arabia. Tools. Data were collected using two tools: the first tool was the workplace violence questionnaire, which collected nurses’ demographic, job, and workplace violence data, and the second was the resilience at work scale to assess nurses’ resilience. Results. This survey found that 70.4% of nurses experienced workplace violence in the last year, and fewer than half were resilient at work. Close to one-third (33.5%) of nurses were terrified and confused after workplace violence. The most violent repercussions were psychological (46.8%): dread, tension, and worry. Additionally, 48.8% of nurses exhibited high work resilience. Conclusion. A considerable percentage of mental health nurses encountered instances of violence during the provision of care inside mental health hospital settings. The variables of nationality (non-Saudi nurses), rotating work shift, educational levels, and exhibiting a lower level of resilience were found to have a statistically significant correlation with instances of workplace violence. Recommendation. Training programs and educational initiatives should be developed and implemented to equip nurses with the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively respond to and prevent workplace violence incidents. By providing comprehensive training, healthcare organizations can empower nurses to address and mitigate workplace violence, ultimately creating a safer and more supportive work environment.

Workplace violence against healthcare workers in the emergency department in Hong Kong

AbstractIntroductionWorkplace violence affects the dignity and well‐being of healthcare workers and poses threats to the efficiency and success of the healthcare system. Healthcare workers in the emergency department (ED) are known to be vulnerable to workplace violence. This study explored the prevalence of workplace violence in the ED in Hong Kong and factors associated with self‐reported workplace violence.MethodsAn anonymous, voluntary, self‐administered and web‐based cross‐sectional survey was carried out from 1 June to 30 June 2022 among doctors and nurses in three regional EDs. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the factors associated with workplace violence.ResultsA total of 162 healthcare workers including 57 doctors and 105 nurses participated in the study, with an overall response rate of 50.8%. The overall prevalence of workplace violence was 66.7%. Verbal abuse (64.2%) was more common than physical violence (20.4%). Nursing group was significantly correlated with physical violence (aOR 7.27, p = 0.005). Reporting rate of workplace violence remained low (18.2% for physical violence and 12.5% for verbal abuse). More than half of the participants with experience of workplace violence reported that the incident affected their mental well‐being.ConclusionsWorkplace violence was a significant concern in the local ED and under‐reporting was not uncommon. Impact of workplace violence on healthcare workers and the healthcare system should be well recognised. Workplace violence protocol and prevention strategies are crucial.

Experiences of Workplace Violence in Graduate Nursing Clinical Education.

Exposure to workplace violence (WPV) is common in health care, and little is known about nurse practitioner (NP) students' experiences during graduate nursing clinical education. This study described experiences of WPV among NP students during their clinical education. We conducted a cross-sectional, quantitative survey of a random sample of NPs licensed in Texas examining graduate nursing education experiences. A total of 334 NPs responded, a 12% response rate. More than a quarter (27%) experienced WPV during their graduate nursing clinical experience. Preceptors were the most reported perpetrators (44%). Most NPs remained in their clinical site after their WPV experience (55%); a majority felt they had no alternative clinical placement option. Nurse practitioner students experience WPV, and there may be implications for educational persistence and their careers. Future work should attempt to reduce the frequency of student WPV experiences and examine implications for NP careers.

Psychiatric trainees' experiences of workplace violence: qualitative analysis.

We aimed to explore experiences of workplace violence in a New Zealand sample of psychiatric trainees and to identify barriers to achieving safe practice and ways of enhancing workplace safety. In a qualitative study, we used interpretive description to inform and design in-depth exploration of participants' experiences. We interviewed 12 psychiatric trainees. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. There were three main themes: (a) violence as 'part of the job', leading to a culture of silence; (b) empowering trainees to address a sense of learned helplessness; and (c) conflict embedded within the unique nature of psychiatry. Organisation-led systems-based procedures are instrumental in promoting workplace safety. Specific measures include peer-based support and implementing clear, tailored safety protocols, particularly for situations of crisis assessment. Training should include culturally focused education with specific guidance to mitigate violence.

A Qualitative Systematic Review of Healthcare Practitioners' Experience of Workplace Violence.

Healthcare practitioners face significant risks of workplace violence due to various reasons such as hospital congestion, miscommunication, and aggressive behaviours of patients and relatives. Exposure to workplace violence may disrupt the workflow process and compromise patient care in healthcare facilities, ultimately affecting job performance, reducing job satisfaction, and negatively affecting the physical and mental health of healthcare practitioners. This study aimed to review all the published studies conducted on the experiences of workplace violence among healthcare practitioners. This study is a systematic review of qualitative studies. Data were collected through online databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, MEDLINE and JSTOR were searched from the year 2015-2021. The inclusion criteria were: qualitative methods and mixed methods of data collection and analysis; studies that were carried out among healthcare practitioners who have been experience on workplace violence; scope of the primary studies included experience of workplace violence; and published in English/Malay in academic journal between 2015 and 2021. A total of 15 papers were included in the final analysis. The overall quality of the included papers was high. Of the 15 papers, 12 studies fully met the CASP criteria. The results of the 15 included studies were organised into the thematic groups of: i) verbal violence as the common workplace violence; ii) perceived causes of workplace violence and iii) seeking help. Across different countries, verbal violence was the most common type of workplace violence reported by healthcare practitioners. This review also identified that a lack of information, failure to meet patient expectations, and delayed treatment were the main contributing factors to workplace violence.

Exploring nurses' emotional reactions to and reporting of patient-on-nurse workplace violence: A mixed-methods study

BackgroundWorkplace violence, including violent, intimidating, and disruptive acts, commonly occurs in healthcare settings. Type 2 workplace violence in nursing refers to patient/visitor behaviors directed toward clinicians, contributing to physical and psychological harm. Nurse victims often do not report these events to employers or law enforcement, making it challenging to address workplace violence. ObjectivesOur research examined nurse reactions to Type 2 workplace violence by identifying what behaviors they perceived as aggressive and reportable. Specific aims included: 1) developing and testing video vignettes to portray realistic patient aggression scenarios; 2) identifying nurse understandings of aggressive events that prompt affective reactions, and; 3) examining clinical characteristics related to the nurse victim's likelihood to report. DesignThrough a sequential mixed-methods design, we qualitatively developed novel video vignettes portraying Type 2 workplace violence to experimentally examine how nurses interpreted them within a quantitative repeated measures survey. MethodsTwo expert nurse research panels (n = 10) created five vignettes, from which nurses (n = 282) completed a survey with 1382 unique responses. Analyses included descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA/regression models. ResultsVideo vignettes realistically portrayed workplace violence events, eliciting negative emotional responses among nurses that increased in magnitude with statistical significance as the level of displayed aggression escalated. Statistically significant factors influencing nurse reporting of workplace violence included; 1) the level of aggression displayed by the patient; 2) the level of harm received by the nurse; 3) whether the nurse felt the patient's actions were intentional, and; 4) the nurse's perceived frequency of exposure to workplace violence. ConclusionsResults suggested that nurse victims of Type 2 workplace violence experience depression, anger, fear, and anxiety, which may contribute to long-term mental health consequences. Findings also identified factors related to nurse reporting behaviors, which may help mitigate workplace violence in healthcare settings by informing research and promoting workplace practices that encourage reporting and safety. RegistrationNot registered. Tweetable abstractNurse reactions to workplace violence: Video vignettes reveal escalating aggression's impact on reporting. #EndNurseAbuse #WorkplaceViolence.

Prevalence and factors associated with workplace violence in a tertiary healthcare facility in Nigeria.

Healthcare workers globally are at an increased risk of workplace violence. Adverse effects such as physical injury, reduced quality of care to patients and lower productivity with associated costs to employers occur. Non-reporting hinders the implementation of effective prevention. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, reasons for non-reporting of workplace violence, and knowledge of prevention prior to designing intervention strategies in the study location where there is a paucity of research on this issue. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a Teaching Hospital in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, for 4 weeks in 2020 among 205 employees. The hospital was stratified into Clinical, Nursing Services, Pharmacy, Laboratory, and administrative divisions; proportionate allocation and random sampling were used to select the allocated samples. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics determined the measures of central tendencies and dispersion, while bivariate analysis of the variables was done using Pearson's Chi-Square test. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 with a confidence level of 95%. The mean age of the participants was 39.1 ± 7.8 years. The prevalence of workplace violence was 70%. The most common reason for non-reporting was complexities and time-consuming reporting procedures (26.5%) followed by fear of reprisal on career (22.4%). The proportion of respondents with good knowledge of workplace violence prevention strategies was high (69.8%). Gender (p = 0.03), work setting (p = 0.006), previous workplace violence training (p = 0.005) and knowledge of workplace violence preventive strategies (p = 0.04) had statistically significant associations with experience of workplace violence. The high prevalence of workplace violence suggests a need for a workplace violence prevention program which should include a simple process of reporting and training. The improved awareness from previous training may account for the significant association with workplace violence.

Nurses' perceived health and occupational burnout: A focus on sleep quality, workplace violence, and organizational culture.

This study investigates the mediation of sleep quality between perceived health and occupational burnout in hospital nurses, considering the moderation of workplace violence and organizational culture. Occupational factors lead to physical and mental distress, burnout, and sleep issues in nurses. Approximately two-thirds of nurses experience burnout, impacting patient care quality and safety. Cultivating a positive organizational culture is essential for nursing workforce stability. This cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling to recruit 346 nurses from a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan in July-August 2020 (response rate: 87.3%). Self-administered questionnaires containing validated instruments were employed, including an adapted occupational burnout scale, the Chinese version of an organizational culture scale, a Perceived Health Questionnaire, a Workplace Violence Experience Scale, and the CPSQI; all instruments were reliable and valid. The analysis involved descriptive statistics, linear regression, and the Johnson-Neyman technique. Nurses with better perceived health exhibited significantly lower occupational burnout (p < 0.001). Perceived health indirectly impacted burnout through sleep quality (p<0.01) with organizational culture as a partial moderator. Bureaucratic organizational culture exacerbated this relationship. Additionally, decreased workplace violence moderated the connections among perceived health, sleep quality, and occupational burnout among nurses. Given the inverse correlation between nurses' perceived health and occupational burnout and considering factors such as workplace violence, organizational culture, and sleep quality, healthcare institutions can proactively take steps to enhance nurses' overall well-being and mitigate burnout. By implementing wellness programs, mental health support, security training, robust reporting, and a zero-tolerance approach to violence, healthcare stakeholders can foster a safe and supportive work environment for nurses, thus improving well-being, patient outcomes, and healthcare quality.

The Risk Factors for Workplace Violence Against Nurses and the Prevention Strategies in Public Health Facilities in Anambra State

Aim: This study determined the risk factors of workplace violence against nurses and the prevention strategies in public health facilities in Anambra State. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted in conducting the study among nurses working at public secondary and tertiary levels of care facilities in Anambra State. The multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 5 facilities and a sample size of two hundred and ninety-two nurses. The research instrument was adapted from the WHO standardized questionnaire on workplace violence and the Statistical Software Package version 16.0 was employed for the data analysis. Results: The results revealed that the highest risk factor for the nurses’ experience of workplace violence was staff shortage followed by prolonged waiting time and reporting workplace violence is the highest preventive strategy for workplace violence. Conclusion: The menace of workplace violence against nurses will be curtailed by mitigating the risk factors and implementing preventive strategies.

HOW CARE WORKERS’ TURNOVER INTENTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH WORKPLACE VIOLENCE?: THE ROLE OF STRESS AND JOB SATISFACTION

Abstract This study examines the impact of workplace violence experienced by long-term care workers from the care recipients on their turnover intention and the mediating effect of work-related stress and job satisfaction in the relationship between workplace violence and turnover intention. Compared to the unfair experiences of abuses experienced by care recipients, care workers’ experiences have been relatively under-explored. Adopting the affective events theory as a theoretical framework and using the Korean National Long-Term Care Survey in 2019, the current analysis focuses on 2,427 care workers, excluding social workers, nurses, and occupational/physical therapists. The results of structural equations modeling and effect decomposition show a mediating effect of job satisfaction, indicating that the experience of workplace violence decreased the job satisfaction of care workers, resulting in increased turnover intention. On the other hand, workplace violence did not have a statistically significant indirect effect on turnover intention through work-related stress. Findings provide several implications for developing an inclusive and supportive policy and practice for care workers as well as the long-term care system in general in South Korea. Support programs and policies can be targeted toward the care workers who have experienced workplace violence and are less satisfied with their job. These can be done not only by highlighting the importance of training and education for care workers to help prevent workplace violence but also by providing a safe work environment, an appropriate compensation system, and the fair opportunities for promotion.

Impact of Violence against Healthcare Providers on Maternal and Child Health Service Delivery in Karachi

Background There is an increasing global issue with workplace violence against healthcare practitioners. The healthcare system as a whole and individual employee are both hit hard by this. The purpose of this research was to identify the prevalence, nature, and consequences of workplace violence encountered by healthcare workers in maternity and child health service delivery settings in the violent metropolis of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 414 healthcare providers from 14 randomly selected hospitals in Karachi. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing their experiences of workplace violence, including the type of violence, perpetrators, frequency, and impacts on their health and work performance. Results A shocking 87.9% of healthcare professionals have encountered workplace violence, with verbal/psychological abuse (37.4%) and physical assault (31.6%) being the most prevalent. Violence was most commonly committed by patients' relatives (42.8%) and happened daily (43.2%) or weekly (31.2%). Violence had serious effects, with 87.9% of providers absent 51.9% wanting to resign, and 69.6% feeling PTSD. Violence also lowered paediatric and gynaecology treatment quality. Conclusions Workplace violence is a serious and pervasive problem for healthcare providers in Karachi, with severe consequences for their well-being and the quality of care they provide. Urgent action is needed to address this issue, including stronger enforcement of existing laws, improved hospital security measures, and training for healthcare providers in violence prevention and management strategies. Keywords: workplace violence, healthcare providers, maternal health, child health, healthcare quality