Experience-based Approach Research Articles

Discourse, Knowledge, and Practice

This article presents the findings of a three-stage qualitative study examining how English language teacher education in Colombia conceives its teaching practicum and student-teachers. Insights emerged from three key sources: English language student-teachers’ autoethnographies, Colombian-authored scholarly articles, and undergraduate programs’ relevant institutional documents. We analyzed each source using tailored methodologies: narrative analysis, epistemic discourse analysis, and documentary analysis. The findings reveal that the practicum is understood by three points of convergence: foundation, knowledge, and practice. This framework defines English language student-teachers by their discourse, knowledge, and practice. The study highlights that the teaching practicum is a pivotal space where student-teachers apply language education discourses and their knowledge in practice. Reflecting on how English language student-teachers are formed and how the practicum is conceived has prompted the undergraduate programs and the community to advocate for a transformation from a theoretical approach to a more flexible, experience-based approach.

Prediction of the Remaining Useful Life of Lithium-Ion Battery Using Multilayer Perceptron

Cogitating the reliability of the supply and ensuring continuous delivery of power to the loads, especially in the growing demand for Lithium-Ion batteries in electric vehicle applications, prediction of the remaining useful life of Lithium-Ion batteries is crucial for the timely replacement. For prediction of non-linear and chaotic relationship, experience-based approach, physics-based approach and data driven approach are used among which data driven approach is a model free, accurate and reliable approach. Therefore, a driven approach in predicting remaining useful life can be implemented in the battery management system. This research uses a multilayer perceptron to predict the remaining useful life of the battery. The NASA Ames Prognostics Center of Excellence (PCoE) battery dataset is used to test the proposed methodology. The use of multilayer perceptron for remaining life prediction seems promising despite the significant number of jump points, gaps in data and a small quantity of experimental data in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) dataset. The predicted result was obtained with 8.52 % mean absolute error and 9.59 % root mean square error. When compared with the predicted results of different literatures, proposed multilayer perceptron with sliding window approach outperforms most of the existing approach. Incorporation of optimization techniques and hybrid algorithm in proposed approach can further enhance the accuracy of the model.

Corporate purpose research: Streams and promises

In this editorial, we identify three approaches to corporate purpose that shed light on distinctive aspects of corporate purpose and organizational life. The statement-centric approach focuses on how purpose can send (or not) credible signals to specific audiences. The experience-based approach highlights the heterogeneity in firm members’ perceptions and understandings of corporate purpose. The decision-making approach proposes that corporate purpose alters decision-making within firms in predictable ways. This editorial contributes ideas for future empirical research. We believe current approaches to corporate purpose should both acknowledge their unique contributions and build on their methodological strengths in order to develop a meaningful understanding of organizations and provide concrete evidence of the impact of corporate purpose on organizational outcomes.

Myofascial pain syndrome-aneurovegetative complaints pattern

The diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome is usually made after structural-morphological explanations have been ruled out. The lack of positive findings to guide treatment inevitably leaves room for interpretation despite the extensive use of all imaging, neurophysiological or serological diagnostics. Under these circumstances, acareful differential diagnosis must be made between functional and structural aspects, both of which in many cases must be assessed in their different relevance. Particular attention must be paid to indications of vegetative-sympathetic adjustment disorders.The great importance of aclinical, experience-based approach to this symptom pattern becomes clear here, especially if the technical diagnostic data is of no help. The dominance of imaging findings naturally promotes astructure-based, mechanistic understanding of the illness. In contrast, the emotional, vegetative mood of the patient should be given greater consideration as adiagnostic and therapeutic focus. Treatment measures should have ahigh success rate, as persistent reductions in stimulus thresholds may lead to prognostically unfavorable chronification.

Honed Leadership Skills: An Experience Based Approach

Leadership is a vital skill in a variety of life contexts, including education, business, and society. This scientific article presents a comprehensive review of how to hone leadership skills through an experience-based approach. The research method used is a qualitative approach. The data used is data sourced from literature review. We explain key concepts in leadership, outline experience-based approaches, and identify the benefits and challenges associated with these approaches. Additionally, we offer practical strategies for implementing experience-based approaches in educational and leadership development contexts. This scientific article aims to provide a deeper understanding of how direct experience can be a strong foundation in developing effective leadership skills.

A Ventral Hernia Management Pathway; A "Getting It Right First Time" approach to Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction.

Abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) is an emerging specialty, involving complex multi-stage operations in patients with high medical and surgical risk. At our hospital, we have developed a growing interest in AWR, with a commitment to improving outcomes through a regular complex hernia MDT. An MDT approach to these patients is increasingly recognized as the path forward in management to optimize patients and improve outcomes. We conducted a literature review and combined this with our experiential knowledge of managing these cases to create a pathway for the management of our abdominal wall patients. This was done under the auspices of GIRFT (Getting It Right First Time) as a quality improvement project at our hospital. We describe, in detail, our current AWR pathway, including the checklists and information documents we use with a stepwise evidence and experience-based approach to identifying the multiple factors associated with good outcomes. We explore the current literature and discuss our best practice pathway. In this emerging specialty, there is limited guidance on the management of these patients. Our pathway, the "Complex Hernia Bundle," currently provides guidance for our abdominal wall team and may well be one that could be adopted/adapted by other centers where challenging hernia cases are undertaken.

Managing Classroom Using Real-life Experience: The concept of Freedom in Learning Implementation

Teaching-learning activities involve various elements, such as classroom management. Learning approach is a way for teachers to manage the class because it assists them in learning activity. This study was qualitative study using data obtained from documentation and observation. Score average and percentage were employed as research technique to determine the correlation between learning approach in classroom management and learning success. This study aims to find out how real-life experience can be used as learning approach in managing art class. Accordingly, the results indicated that implementing a real-life experience-based approach in managing art classes showed a positive but insignificant effect. It seen from good category (an average of 3.00-3.75) and midterm scores that show 52.9% scored higher than 65 (passing mark), while 47.1% scored less than 65. It indicates although the approach had positive influence, it was not significant in improving students’ results.

‘Experience the destination in times of crisis’: lessons from the approach of DMOs to destination marketing from concept to practice

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the established practices of DMOs. However, it also prompted a shift towards utilising the untapped potential and resources of regions, which could present unique opportunities for future destination marketing. The main goal was to explore the approach of DMOs to destination marketing and to the recovery of domestic tourism amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of experience marketing. This includes the initial reactions of the DMOs, their short-term plans, future plans, and long-term perspectives. The paper used desk research and conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with key informants from regional Polish DMOs, specifically, the chief marketing officers and the presidents of the DMOs. The results confirm the use of an experience-based approach in destination marketing to achieve domestic tourism recovery. The destinations have offered various forms of involvement during tourist experiences, including: active or passive participation, absorption, and immersion. Additionally, DMOs can strategize for more sustainable, eco-friendly, and small-scale tourism through experience marketing.

The Essence of Teachers and Ideal Islamic Religion Teachers: Thought of Ki Hajar Dewantoro, KH. Ahmad Dahlan, KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, Hamka, and Maria Montessori

This research investigated Ki Hajar Dewantoro, KH. Ahmad Dahlan, KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, Hamka, and Maria Montessori viewed about the essence of teachers and ideal Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers. By using review literature approach, this research showed systematic and focused research methodology. First, research identified research problem and searched relevant literature source. Then literature sources were selected and evaluated based on inclusion and quality criteria. Data were collected and analysed to answer research problem. The view of Ki Hajar Dewantoro emphasized students' freedom, creativity and spirituality, with PAI teachers stimulating spiritual values and inter-religious tolerance. KH. Ahmad Dahlan proposed moderate and inclusive Islamic education, with PAI teachers who teached Islamic values in balanced and as model. KH. Hasyim Asy'ari saw knowledge, wisdom and noble moral in Islamic education, with criteria of professional, loving, authoritative, look after themselves, kept working, good teaching and broadminded PAI Teachers. Hamka initiated comprehensive understanding of religion, involving all aspects of life, and created responsible human. Maria Montessori emphasized experience-based approach, where PAI teachers created learning environment that supported students' exploration, creativity and direct experience. This research result summarized the conception of ideal PAI teachers and teachers, including freedom, creativity, spirituality, moderation, science, wisdom, noble morals, comprehensive understanding of religion, and experience-based approach. These findings gave deep insight into the importance of holistic education that configurated the character of young generation who character and responsibility.

Facilitating a hearing voices group on acute and psychiatric intensive care units to promote acceptance and hope: preliminary learning and reflections

PurposeHearing voices can be a debilitating and traumatic experience, and psychiatric hospitals can feel unsafe and overstimulating to voice hearers. Research suggests this may prolong a service user’s admission time and lead to an unhelpful experience. Therefore, a hearing voices group (HVG) was developed to create a safe space where voice hearers could share their story with others with lived experience and access support.Design/methodology/approachThe group was developed by the first author under the supervision of the inpatient psychology lead. Both a practice-based and expert by experience-based approach were considered during the development of the group structure. The group also aligned with the Hearing Voices Network and the Trust’s values. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of the group using six five-point Likert scale questions and three open questions to collect the data, which was then analysed.FindingsThe themes from the qualitative data showed that staff and ward-based promotion of the group were paramount to ensuring patient engagement. The results also showed that voice hearers found the group therapeutic, and some found the coping skills shared to be beneficial and effective.Research limitations/implicationsA large percentage of women (76%) reported that they had attended a HVG before. This was not the case for service users from the male unit and psychiatric intensive care unit. This result is considered to reflect the fact that women in that unit had the opportunity to attend more than once during their admission, rather than that they had accessed these groups in other settings or in the community. Therefore, in the future, it would be useful to change this question to “have you attended any other HVGs in the past, prior to this admission?”, which might be more appropriate for data collection.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the original work of the first author, who is an expert by experience and an assistant psychologist. The results suggest that HVGs can be beneficial for patients in acute and intensive mental health care and highlight some necessary adaptations and the importance of adopting an MDT approach in promoting therapeutic groups.

Analisis Pembelajaran Menyenangkan di Kelas 1 SDN Karangrejo 02 Semarang melaui Kurikulum Merdeka

Learning in the independent curriculum is designed to suit the needs and environmental conditions, and is relevant to the current developments. Thus, it is important for us to find learning methods that can create a fun and interesting atmosphere for students in participating in the learning process. This research was conducted with the aim of seeing how far the transformation of fun learning can be carried out through the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in class 1 at SDN Karangrejo 02 Semarang. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and data collection from documents related to the implementation of learning with the Independent Curriculum. The collected data was analyzed through four stages, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, there were significant changes in learning practices after the implementation of the Independent Curriculum. The Merdeka curriculum enables students to learn through an active, creative and experience-based approach. The teacher encourages students to learn through exploration, experimentation, and discussion, so that students feel free to explore knowledge. Educational game integration is also carried out in learning to make it more fun and interesting. Although the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum faces challenges, such as preparing and developing materials suitable for this innovative learning approach, training and mentoring for teachers is considered important to help them implement this curriculum effectively. The hope is that the Merdeka Curriculum can form a generation that has a high interest in learning, developing creativity, and strong independence. With fun and student-centered learning, it is hoped that student achievement can increase.

Programming Algorithm for the Management of Speech Impairment in Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease

ObjectivesDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for Parkinson’s disease (PD) has an ambiguous relation to speech. Speech impairment can be a stimulation-induced side effect, and parkinsonian dysarthria can improve with STN-DBS. Owing to the lack of an up-to-date and evidence-based approach, DBS reprogramming for speech impairment is largely blind and greatly relies on the physician’s experience. In this study, we aimed to establish an evidence- and experience-based algorithm for managing speech impairment in patients with PD treated with STN-DBS. Materials and MethodsWe performed a single-center retrospective study to identify patients with STN-DBS and speech impairment. Onset of speech impairment, lead localization, and assessment of DBS-induced nature of speech impairment were collected. When DBS settings were adjusted for improving speech, the magnitude and duration of effect were collected. We also performed a systematic literature review to identify studies describing the effects of parameter adjustments aimed at improving speech impairment in patients with PD receiving STN-DBS. ResultsIn the retrospective study, 245 of 631 patients (38.8%) with STN-DBS had significant speech impairment. The probability of sustained marked improvement upon reprogramming was generally low (27.9%). In the systematic review, 23 of 662 identified studies were included. Only two randomized controlled trials have been performed, providing evidence for interleaving-interlink stimulation only. Considerable methodologic heterogeneity precluded the conduction of a meta-analysis. ConclusionsSpeech impairment in STN-DBS for PD is frequent, but high-quality evidence regarding DBS parameter adjustments is scarce, and the probability of sustained improvement is low. To improve this outcome, we propose an evidence- and experience-based approach to address speech impairment in STN-DBS that can be used in clinical practice.

Transdisciplinarity 101: Short-Term Training in Knowledge CoProduction to Face Global Environmental Change

The Belmont Forum and the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) organized an online training workshop on transdisciplinary (TD) approaches at the Sustainability, Research, and Innovation Congress (SRI) in 2022. The IAI is an intergovernmental organization that brings together 19 countries from the Americas to support adaptation to the world’s changing environment. The Belmont Forum is a consortium of major funders and international science councils to promote knowledge about sustainability science. The workshop aimed to create a safe environment for participants to share their impressions of and experiences about transdisciplinary research, using the Americas (IAI mandate) as a launching point for TD approaches globally. The workshop consisted of two online sessions: Transdisciplinary Approach 101 and Transdisciplinary Case Studies. The objectives of the current workshop report are: 1) to identify the key takeaways regarding common challenges and opportunities for transdisciplinary practice among workshop participants’ experiences, upon which to base recommendations for best practices, e.g., managing power imbalances, conflicting priorities and timeframes, enhancing communication and consolidating contextual awareness. 2) to offer insights to build better strategies for “train the trainers'' processes around transdisciplinarity, especially in congresses and short-term events, including using an experience-based approach, offering specific tools and increasing the participation of non-academic partners. This report encourages the implementation of other training processes by experienced transdisciplinary researchers, practitioners, and funders, in order to build capacities for collaborative approaches in diverse scientific communities.

FROM EXPERIENCE-BASED TO KNOWLEDGE-DRIVEN DESIGN: A CASE STUDY OF A 3D-PRINTED PRODUCT

AbstractIn this paper, a case study of a redesign process for 3D-printed parts has been analysed. The purpose was to compare the implementation of specialist knowledge in hands-on engineering tasks with the previous experience-based approach. Here, specialist knowledge refers to systematic experimental work as a basis for Computer Aided Engineering (CAE). The case involves a set of compliant arms for an oil extraction device developed by a start-up company. Tensile tests of 3D printed dog-bone were performed to characterise the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and orthotropic behaviour of the material to build a material model based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA). With the material characteristics and three simple tests to estimate the optimisation constraints, the existing solution was disproven. Then, new solution candidates were generated and evaluated with input from the start-up company. The process resulted in a feasible solution as well as a reduction of maximum stress from 54MPa to 20MPa. The case highlights the value of specialist knowledge for characterisation of new technologies and design space constraints to reduce and improve iterations to solve a practical design problem.

Writing ‘Anniversary’ in Historical Perspective: A Way to Find Identity

After the Reformation era, especially after implementing the Regional Autonomy Law, each regional government (city and province) in Indonesia has again conducted studies and re-established their ‘anniversary’. Besides focusing on legal and political aspects, historical perspectives in research and determining anniversaries can be used to find the regional identity. Based on it, regional governments can determine the direction of their development. Through the historical method and experience-based approach, this article focuses on the historical method in determining regional anniversaries.

Exploring the effects of animacy and verb type on the processing asymmetry between SRC and ORC among Chinese EFL learners

This study investigates the production and comprehension of subject relative clause (SRC) and object relative clause (ORC) in English by Chinese EFL learners. Two experiments are reported. Using a sentence completion task to elicit the production of relative clauses (RCs), Experiment 1 examined the distributional patterns of SRC and ORC and showed that SRC was more frequently distributed than ORC. In addition, animacy and verb type had effects on the asymmetric distribution of SRC and ORC. Using a word-by-word moving-window self-paced reading paradigm, Experiment 2 further compared reading times (RTs) of SRC and ORC containing different animacy and verb type configurations. Reading difficulties in ORC were observed, and comprehension difficulties of certain configurations of animacy and verb type just mirrored their frequencies in the first experiment. Taken together, the processing asymmetry of SRC and ORC has been observed in both comprehension and production processes. Comprehension difficulties are believed to stem from the asymmetric distributions of sentence patterns involving different animacy and verb type configurations. These findings suggest that comprehension difficulties are correlated with the distributional patterns, which could provide strong support to the Production-Distribution-Comprehension account, the experience-based approach applicable in language acquisition.

Age-at-Death Estimation: Accuracy and Reliability of Common Age-Reporting Strategies in Forensic Anthropology

Forensic anthropologists build a biological profile—consisting of sex, age, population affinity, and stature estimates—to assist medicolegal stakeholders in the identification of unknown human skeletal remains. While adult age-at-death estimations can narrow the pool of potential individuals, a lack of standards, best practices, and consensus among anthropologists for method selection and the production of a final age estimate present significant challenges. The purpose of this research is to identify age-reporting strategies that provide the most accurate and reliable (i.e., low inaccuracy and low bias) adult age-at-death estimates when evaluated considering the total sample, age cohort (20–39; 40–59; 60–79), and sex. Age-reporting strategies in this study were derived from six age-at-death estimation methods and tested on 58 adult individuals (31 males, 27 females) from the UTK Donated Skeletal Collection. An experienced-based estimation strategy was also assessed. A paired-samples t-test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the mean estimated age and the actual age for all age-reporting strategies. Results show that the most accurate and reliable age-reporting strategy varied if the sample was evaluated as a whole, by age, or by sex. While none of the age-reporting strategies evaluated in this study were consistently the most accurate and reliable for all of the sample categories, the experience-based approach performed well for each group.

The Mentoring in Developing the Arabic Teaching Materials Based on Android Smart Apps Creator (SAC) to Improve the Professional Competence of the Arabic Teachers

In developing digital teaching materials, some applications can be used including the Smart Apps Creator (SAC) application. Through this application, the process of developing teaching materials can be done more easily because it does not use coding. This activity aims to improve the professional competence of Arabic language teachers in the development of application-based teaching materials. In this community service activity, a Service Learning (SL) approach was used in which, an experience-based approach that involves students in various activities and use their experiences to develop their abilities and skills for communities. Service activities were carried out at MIN 4 Pangkalan Bun and in the hall of the Ministry of Religion's Office in Regency of West Kotawaringin. The stages carried out consist of pre service, during service, and post service. The results of this community service activity can be explained as follows. 1. Teachers get benefits from mentoring activities in the form of the ability to produce teaching and evaluation materials output by using the Smart Apps Creator application. 2. Teachers can develop their own further materials by using templates that they have made by themselves. 3. The professional competence of teachers increased through their success in developing teaching materials using applications. 4. The obstacles faced by teachers in using the application are more technical matters that can be overcome during the mentoring.

Spatiotemporal Psychopathology – An integrated brain-mind approach and catatonia

Catatonia is featured by complex symptoms combining motor, affective and behavioral phenomena as well as by its syndrome character with trans-diagnostic occurrence. It paradigmatically shows the limits of current forms of psychopathology like affective and cognitive approaches with respect to both clinical symptoms and brain mechanisms. We therefore suggest Spatiotemporal Psychopathology (STPP) which, as recently introduced, is here developed further following the latest findings in both clinical psychiatry and neuroscience. STPP is characterized by two core features: (i) an experience-based approach that accounts for symptoms primarily in terms of first-person experience of time-space as distinct from third-person observation of specific functions and related behavior; (ii) an integrated brain-mind approach where the brain's neural topography and dynamic, e.g., inner time and space, are shared by the mind's mental topography and dynamic, e.g., time-space experience, as their “common currency”. We demonstrate how these two features can well account for both symptom complexity and trans-diagnostic nature of catatonia. In conclusion, catatonia can serve as paradigmatic example for the need to develop a more comprehensive psychopathological approach in psychiatry. This is provided by STPP that allows integrating subjective experience, clinical symptoms and the brain's neural activity in terms of their inner space-time, e.g., topography and dynamic.

CAPACITY BUILDING FOR AGRICULTURE INSURANCE: LESSONS FROM DEVELOPED ECONOMIES

Purpose: Agricultural insurance has been offered in some developed economies for more than a century. In contrast, the sector remains underserviced in low and middle-income economies. Penetration of agricultural insurance exceeds 1 percent in developed economies but in low and middle- income countries, the agricultural insurance penetration is less than 0.3 percent. The gap between the penetration of non–life insurance and agricultural insurance increases as development status decreases. The purpose of this research work is to outline lessons from developed economies on how capacity building for agriculture insurance is done.
 Methodology: Relevant books references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed papers that were not over five years old.
 Findings: The study findings showed that insurance company’ in enveloped economies sell crop insurance policies through financial institutions or cooperatives, which are particularly important in marketing crop hail insurance. It was also found that in the developed economies, there is a national climate change policy as a means of capacity building for agriculture insurance. This policy helps the government to plan for training of staff and policymakers on how to advise farmers to take agricultural insurance. This policy also help in enhancement of the administrative and technical capacity of government institutions responsible for handling climate change related issues that affect agriculture insurance 
 Recommendations: The study recommend policymakers in developing countries to focus on imperfections on the pricing of agricultural insurance products. This will help policymakers designing public support programs aimed at reducing the cost of insurance thus developing insurance products that are attractive and affordable to farmers and financially viable and sustainable for insurers. The study also recommend developing countries to embrace modern insurance pricing approaches that are based on the credibility theory such as the experience-based approach. This approach has been promoted in several developed countries to cover systemic risks because it allows for the adjustment of the expected loss based on additional credible information such as insured losses of other products. The study further recommend developing countries to promote insurer- insured partnerships.